S-Bahn
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The S-Bahn is a hybrid urban-suburban rail system serving a metropolitan region predominantly in German-speaking countries. Some of the larger S-Bahn systems provide service similar to rapid transit systems, while smaller ones often resemble commuter or even regional rail systems. The name S-Bahn derives from Schnellbahn, Stadtbahn or Stadtschnellbahn.
Part of Berlin Stadtbahn. The tracks on the right belong to the S-Bahn network and the trains stop at the Hackescher Markt station, while the other two tracks are for other train types, which do not stop at this station.
Vesterport S-train station has three entrances. This is the main one.
Vesterport station is located below street level, but is not under ground. Other trains do not stop here, solely S-trains. Compare with picture of Berlin's S-Bahn above. Same concept.
Svanemøllen Station, main entrance
Urban rail transit
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Urban rail transit is a wide term for various types of local rail systems providing passenger service within and around urban or suburban areas. The set of urban rail systems can be roughly subdivided into the following categories, which sometimes overlap because some systems or lines have aspects of multiple types.
A northward view of the Chicago 'L' from Adams/Wabash in the Chicago Loop
The Toronto streetcar system is an extensive tram network.
The CTrain is a light rail system operated by Calgary Transit.
The Hong Kong MTR operates a high-capacity rapid transit network.