Stephen Gardiner
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Stephen Gardiner was an English Catholic bishop and politician during the English Reformation period who served as Lord Chancellor during the reign of Queen Mary I and King Philip.
Portrait by Quentin Matsys
Gardiner's seat, Winchester Cathedral.
Thomas Cranmer became an enemy of Gardiner.
Bishop Gardiner's Conference with Lady Jane Grey, from the Victorian Pictorial Tower of London.
English Reformation
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The English Reformation took place in 16th-century England when the Church of England was forced by its monarchs and elites to break away from the authority of the pope and the Catholic Church. These events were part of the wider European Reformation, a religious and political movement that affected the practice of Christianity in Western and Central Europe.
King Henry VIII initiated the separation of the Church of England from the Roman Catholic Church. Portrait by Hans Holbein the Younger. Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum, Madrid.
The Tyndale Bible was the basis for later English translations.
Catherine of Aragon, Henry VIII's first wife. Attributed to Joannes Corvus, National Portrait Gallery, London.
Anne Boleyn, Henry VIII's second wife, by an unknown artist. National Portrait Gallery, London.