Surgeon
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In medicine, a surgeon is a medical doctor who performs surgery. Although there are different traditions in different times and places, a modern surgeon is also a licensed physician or received the same medical training as physicians before specializing in surgery.
The Gross Clinic, 1875, Philadelphia Museum of Art and the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts
Russian surgeon Nikolay Pirogov – a pioneer of field surgery
Victor Horsley pioneered neurosurgery
Image: Cardiac surgery operating room
Al-Zahrawi
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Abū al-Qāsim Khalaf ibn al-'Abbās al-Zahrāwī al-Ansari, popularly known as al-Zahrawi (الزهراوي), Latinised as Albucasis or Abulcasis, was a physician, surgeon and chemist from al-Andalus. He is considered one of the greatest surgeons of the Middle Ages.
Imaginary drawing of al-Zahrawi, from a 1964 Syrian postage stamp
Two pages from the Arabic manuscript of the Kitab al-Tasrif. Middle East, 13th century, Chester Beatty Library.
Frontispiece of the Latin translation of al-Zahrawi's Kitab al-Tasrif.
Surgical instruments described by al-Zahrawi.