The Ultra-royalists were a French political faction from 1815 to 1830 under the Bourbon Restoration. An Ultra was usually a member of the nobility of high society who strongly supported Roman Catholicism as the state and only legal religion of France, the Bourbon monarchy, traditional hierarchy between classes and census suffrage, while rejecting the political philosophy of popular will and the interests of the bourgeoisie along with their liberal and democratic tendencies.
Charles X's personal philosophy was more in line with the Ultras than Louis XVIII's had been
Jean-Baptiste de Villèle, Ultra-royalist Prime Minister of France from 1821 to 1828
Prince Charles, Count of Artois became King Charles X
Jean-Baptiste de Villèle
Bourbon Restoration in France
The Second Bourbon Restoration was the period of French history during which the House of Bourbon returned to power after the fall of the First French Empire in 1815. The Second Bourbon Restoration lasted until the July Revolution of 26 July 1830. Louis XVIII and Charles X, brothers of the executed King Louis XVI and uncles of the tortured King Louis XVII, successively mounted the throne and instituted a conservative government intended to restore the proprieties, if not all the institutions, of the Ancien Régime. Exiled supporters of the monarchy returned to France but were unable to reverse most of the changes made by the French Revolution. Exhausted by decades of war, the nation experienced a period of internal and external peace, stable economic prosperity and the preliminaries of industrialization.
The allied armies parading on the Place de la Concorde, 1814
Allegory of the Return of the Bourbons on 24 April 1814: Louis XVIII Lifting France from Its Ruins by Louis-Philippe Crépin
Louis XVIII making a return at the Hôtel de Ville de Paris on August 29th, 1814
Louis XVIII, asked if he intends to include anyone from the House of Bonaparte in his royal services, responds "I will take none." (18 July 1815)