Ultras are a type of association football fans who are renowned for their fanatical support. The term originated in Italy, but is used worldwide to describe predominantly organised fans of association football teams. The behavioural tendency of ultras groups includes singing football chants, playing musical instruments such as drums, their use of flares and smoke bombs, frequent use of elaborate displays, vocal support in large groups and the displaying of flags and banners at football stadiums, all of which are designed to create an atmosphere which encourages their own team and intimidates the opposing players and their supporters. These groups also commonly organise trips to attend away games.
Ultras of Levski Sofia
Ultras of Lazio
Barra bravas of Club Atlético Independiente in the 1960s
Torcida Jovem of Santos in Brazil. An example of a Brazilian Torcida Organizada
A fandom is a subculture composed of fans characterized by a feeling of camaraderie with others who share a common interest. Fans typically are interested in even minor details of the objects of their fandom and spend a significant portion of their time and energy involved with their interest, often as a part of a social network with particular practices, differentiating fandom-affiliated people from those with only a casual interest.
Cosplayer dressed as Katniss Everdeen during the Montreal Comiccon, July 2015
Banquet at the 14th World Science Fiction Convention in New York City in 1956
Fan art for the Sherlock TV series on an English telephone booth
An example of the furry fandom, a cartoon of an "anthro vixen"