Vivendi SE is a French mass-media holding company headquartered in Paris. It owns Gameloft, Groupe Canal+, Havas, Prisma Media, Vivendi Village, and Dailymotion, and is a majority owner of the Lagardère Group. The company has activities in television, film, video game, book publishing, print press, communication, tickets, and video hosting services.

Lagardère S.A. is an international group with operations in over 40 countries. Based in the 16th arrondissement of Paris, the group was created in 1992 as Matra, Hachette & Lagardère.