Youssef Bey Karam was a Lebanese Maronite notable for fighting in the 1860 civil war and led a rebellion in 1866–1867 against the Ottoman Empire rule in Mount Lebanon. His proclamations have been interpreted as an early expression of Lebanese nationalism.
Youssef Bey Karam
Youssef Bey Karam Statue
Youssef Bey Karam
Youssef Bey Karam Painting
1860 civil conflict in Mount Lebanon and Damascus
The 1860 civil conflict in Mount Lebanon and Damascus was a civil conflict in Mount Lebanon during Ottoman rule in 1860–1861 fought mainly between the local Druze and Christians. Following decisive Druze victories and massacres against the Christians, the conflict spilled over into other parts of Ottoman Syria, particularly Damascus, where thousands of Christian residents were killed by Muslim and Druze militiamen. The fighting precipitated a French-led international military intervention.
The ruins of the Christian quarter of Damascus in 1860
Christian Church and Druze Khalwa in the Chouf area of Mount Lebanon. Historically, the Druzes and the Christians in the Chouf lived in harmony.
Christian militiamen of Mount Lebanon
An 1857 sketch of Hasbaya, one of the main towns of the Wadi al-Taym valley and home of a branch of the Shihab dynasty