Zivia Lubetkin was one of the leaders of the Jewish underground in Nazi-occupied Warsaw and the only woman on the High Command of the resistance group Żydowska Organizacja Bojowa (ŻOB). She survived the Holocaust in German-occupied Poland and immigrated to Mandate Palestine in 1946, at the age of 32.
Lubetkin between 1938 and 1945
Jewish resistance in German-occupied Europe
Jewish resistance under Nazi rule took various forms of organized underground activities conducted against German occupation regimes in Europe by Jews during World War II. According to historian Yehuda Bauer, Jewish resistance was defined as actions that were taken against all laws and actions acted by Germans. The term is particularly connected with the Holocaust and includes a multitude of different social responses by those oppressed, as well as both passive and armed resistance conducted by Jews themselves.
The Warsaw Ghetto Uprising launched as the final act of defiance against the Holocaust in occupied Poland
Smoke rising from Treblinka extermination camp during the prisoner uprising of August 1943
Ariadna Scriabina, co-founder of Armée Juive
Soldiers of the Jewish Brigade being inspected by the brigade's commander in October 1944