1.
Single (music)
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In music, a single or record single is a type of release, typically a song recording of fewer tracks than an LP record, an album or an EP record. This can be released for sale to the public in a variety of different formats, in most cases, a single is a song that is released separately from an album, although it usually also appears on an album. Typically, these are the songs from albums that are released separately for promotional uses such as digital download or commercial radio airplay and are expected to be the most popular, in other cases a recording released as a single may not appear on an album. As digital downloading and audio streaming have become prevalent, it is often possible for every track on an album to also be available separately. Nevertheless, the concept of a single for an album has been retained as an identification of a heavily promoted or more popular song within an album collection. Despite being referred to as a single, singles can include up to as many as three tracks on them. The biggest digital music distributor, iTunes, accepts as many as three tracks less than ten minutes each as a single, as well as popular music player Spotify also following in this trend. Any more than three tracks on a release or longer than thirty minutes in total running time is either an Extended Play or if over six tracks long. The basic specifications of the single were made in the late 19th century. Gramophone discs were manufactured with a range of speeds and in several sizes. By about 1910, however, the 10-inch,78 rpm shellac disc had become the most commonly used format, the inherent technical limitations of the gramophone disc defined the standard format for commercial recordings in the early 20th century.26 rpm. With these factors applied to the 10-inch format, songwriters and performers increasingly tailored their output to fit the new medium, the breakthrough came with Bob Dylans Like a Rolling Stone. Singles have been issued in various formats, including 7-inch, 10-inch, other, less common, formats include singles on digital compact cassette, DVD, and LD, as well as many non-standard sizes of vinyl disc. Some artist release singles on records, a more common in musical subcultures. The most common form of the single is the 45 or 7-inch. The names are derived from its speed,45 rpm. The 7-inch 45 rpm record was released 31 March 1949 by RCA Victor as a smaller, more durable, the first 45 rpm records were monaural, with recordings on both sides of the disc. As stereo recordings became popular in the 1960s, almost all 45 rpm records were produced in stereo by the early 1970s
2.
Sandra (singer)
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Her albums Into a Secret Land and Close to Seven have won Sandra high critical acclaim. Prior to embarking on a career, Sandra was the lead singer of an all-female disco trio Arabesque. Also, between 1990 and 2001, she provided vocals on releases of the very successful musical project Enigma. A cult star with a fan base, Sandra remains one of the most popular singers of the 1980s in Continental Europe. During the height of her popularity, she managed to outsell Madonna in a number of countries around the world. With sales in excess of 30 million records worldwide, Sandra has established her position as the most successful German disco/pop female vocalist, Sandra Ann Lauer was born in the German town of Saarbrücken, close to the French border. Her father, Robert, who owned a store in Saarbrücken, is French and her mother, Karin. She also had a brother, Gaston, a paraplegic who died in 1995. In 1975, at the age of thirteen, Sandra went with her mother to see Young Star Festival, the impromptu performance gained considerable recognition and led to the release of her first single, which was a childrens song about a pet dog, Andy mein Freund. The single, however, performed poorly on charts at that time dominated by disco mania, in 1979, now seventeen, Sandra joined Arabesque, a disco group consisting of Michaela Rose and Jasmine Vetter, and would become the bands lead singer. At that time Sandra met a keyboardist named Michael Cretu and they found that they share the same birthday, albeit five years apart, and became good friends. Arabesque became successful with their music and flamboyant, sometimes daring costumes, winning a massive following in Japan. After nine albums, emerging differences in interests of group members. Sandra and Michael Cretu, at that point already romantically involved, moved to Munich and their first single together was 1984s Japan ist weit, a German cover of the Alphaville song Big in Japan. However, the failed to enter any charts and only 125 copies of the single were sold. Sandra won international success in 1985 with a song Maria Magdalena and her first album, The Long Play, reached number 12 in her home country of Germany and was a top 10 success in Scandinavia. The follow-up single, In the Heat of the Night, continued her international success, the song also earned Sandra second place at the Tokyo Music Festival in 1986. Little Girl became the single from the album in 1986, with the music video filmed in Venice
3.
The Long Play
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The Long Play is the debut studio album by German pop singer Sandra, released on 9 December 1985. The album was a commercial success. The lead single Maria Magdalena was released in March 1985 and went on to top the charts in 21 countries worldwide and it stayed in the German top 20 for 16 weeks, remaining her Sandras only chart-topper in her home country, and is now considered her signature song. In the Heat of the Night was chosen as the single to the very successful Maria Magdalena in late 1985. The song was another triumph, peaking within top 5 in a number of European countries. The single version would become available on CD on The Platinum Collection in 2009. The third and final single taken from The Long Play was Little Girl. The songs music video was filmed entirely on location in Venice, Little Girl met with modest success in international music market. Sisters and Brothers was released in 1988 as a single in Japan only. The song, dedicated to Sandras brother Gaston, is a version of Michael Cretus song Zeitlose Reise from his 1983 solo album Legionäre
4.
A-side and B-side
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The terms A-side and B-side refer to the two sides of 78,45, and 33 1/3 rpm phonograph records, whether singles, extended plays, or long-playing records. Creedence Clearwater Revival had hits with both A-side and B-side releases, others took the opposite approach, producer Phil Spector was in the habit of filling B-sides with on-the-spot instrumentals that no one would confuse with the A-side. With this practice, Spector was assured that airplay was focused on the side he wanted to be the hit side, the earliest 10-inch,78 rpm, shellac records were single sided. Double-sided recordings, with one song on side, were introduced in Europe by Columbia Records. There were no record charts until the 1930s, and radio stations did not play recorded music until the 1950s, in this time, A-sides and B-sides existed, but neither side was considered more important, the side did not convey anything about the content of the record. The term single came into use with the advent of vinyl records in the early 1950s. At first, most record labels would randomly assign which song would be an A-side, under this random system, many artists had so-called double-sided hits, where both songs on a record made one of the national sales charts, or would be featured on jukeboxes in public places. As time wore on, however, the convention for assigning songs to sides of the record changed. By the early sixties, the song on the A-side was the song that the company wanted radio stations to play. It was not until 1968, for instance, that the production of albums on a unit basis finally surpassed that of singles in the United Kingdom. In the late 1960s stereo versions of pop and rock songs began to appear on 45s. The majority of the 45s were played on AM radio stations, by the early 1970s, double-sided hits had become rare. Album sales had increased, and B-sides had become the side of the record where non-album, non-radio-friendly, with the advent of cassette and compact disc singles in the late 1980s, the A-side/B-side differentiation became much less meaningful. With the decline of cassette singles in the 1990s, the A-side/B-side dichotomy became virtually extinct, as the dominant medium. However, the term B-side is still used to refer to the tracks or coupling tracks on a CD single. With the advent of downloading music via the Internet, sales of CD singles and other media have declined. B-side songs may be released on the record as a single to provide extra value for money. There are several types of material released in this way, including a different version, or, in a concept record
5.
Phonograph record
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The groove usually starts near the periphery and ends near the center of the disc. The phonograph disc record was the medium used for music reproduction until late in the 20th century. It had co-existed with the cylinder from the late 1880s. Records retained the largest market share even when new formats such as compact cassette were mass-marketed, by the late 1980s, digital media, in the form of the compact disc, had gained a larger market share, and the vinyl record left the mainstream in 1991. The phonograph record has made a resurgence in the early 21st century –9.2 million records were sold in the U. S. in 2014. Likewise, in the UK sales have increased five-fold from 2009 to 2014, as of 2017,48 record pressing facilities remain worldwide,18 in the United States and 30 in other countries. The increased popularity of vinyl has led to the investment in new, only two producers of lacquers remains, Apollo Masters in California, USA, and MDC in Japan. Vinyl records may be scratched or warped if stored incorrectly but if they are not exposed to heat or broken. The large cover are valued by collectors and artists for the space given for visual expression, in the 2000s, these tracings were first scanned by audio engineers and digitally converted into audible sound. Phonautograms of singing and speech made by Scott in 1860 were played back as sound for the first time in 2008, along with a tuning fork tone and unintelligible snippets recorded as early as 1857, these are the earliest known recordings of sound. In 1877, Thomas Edison invented the phonograph, unlike the phonautograph, it was capable of both recording and reproducing sound. Despite the similarity of name, there is no evidence that Edisons phonograph was based on Scotts phonautograph. Edison first tried recording sound on a paper tape, with the idea of creating a telephone repeater analogous to the telegraph repeater he had been working on. The tinfoil was wrapped around a metal cylinder and a sound-vibrated stylus indented the tinfoil while the cylinder was rotated. The recording could be played back immediately, Edison also invented variations of the phonograph that used tape and disc formats. A decade later, Edison developed a greatly improved phonograph that used a wax cylinder instead of a foil sheet. This proved to be both a better-sounding and far more useful and durable device, the wax phonograph cylinder created the recorded sound market at the end of the 1880s and dominated it through the early years of the 20th century. Berliners earliest discs, first marketed in 1889, but only in Europe, were 12.5 cm in diameter, both the records and the machine were adequate only for use as a toy or curiosity, due to the limited sound quality
6.
Synthpop
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Synth-pop is a subgenre of new wave music that first became prominent in the late 1970s and features the synthesizer as the dominant musical instrument. It was prefigured in the 1960s and early 1970s by the use of synthesizers in progressive rock, electronic, art rock, disco, and particularly the Krautrock of bands like Kraftwerk. It arose as a genre in Japan and the United Kingdom in the post-punk era as part of the new wave movement of the late-1970s to the mid-1980s. In Japan, Yellow Magic Orchestras success opened the way for bands such as P-Model, Plastics. The development of polyphonic synthesizers, the definition of MIDI. This, its adoption by the acts from the New Romantic movement, together with the rise of MTV. Synth-pop is sometimes deployed interchangeably with electropop, but electropop may also denote a variant of synth-pop that places emphasis on a harder. In the late 1980s duos such as Erasure and Pet Shop Boys adopted a style that was successful on the US dance-charts. Some artists and bands were criticised for gender bending, Synth-pop was defined by its primary use of synthesizers, drum machines and sequencers, sometimes using them to replace all other instruments. Borthwick and Moy have described the genre as diverse but, many synth-pop musicians had limited musical skills, relying on the technology to produce or reproduce the music. The result was often minimalist, with grooves that were woven together from simple repeated riffs often with no harmonic progression to speak of. Early synth-pop has been described as eerie, sterile, and vaguely menacing, using droning electronics with little change in inflection, common lyrical themes of synth-pop songs were isolation, urban anomie, and feelings of being emotionally cold and hollow. Synthesizers were increasingly used to imitate the conventional and clichéd sound of orchestras, thin, treble-dominant, synthesized melodies and simple drum programmes gave way to thick, and compressed production, and a more conventional drum sound. Lyrics were generally optimistic, dealing with more traditional subject matter for pop music such as romance, escapism. According to music writer Simon Reynolds, the hallmark of 1980s synth-pop was its emotional, at times operatic singers such as Marc Almond, Alison Moyet and Annie Lennox. Because synthesizers removed the need for groups of musicians, these singers were often part of a duo where their partner played all the instrumentation. Later synth-pop saw a shift to a style influenced by other genres. Electronic musical synthesizers that could be used practically in a recording studio became available in the mid-1960s, the portable Minimoog, which allowed much easier use, particularly in live performance was widely adopted by progressive rock musicians such as Richard Wright of Pink Floyd and Rick Wakeman of Yes
7.
Virgin Records
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Virgin Records is a British-founded record label originally founded by English entrepreneurs Richard Branson, Simon Draper, Nik Powell, and musician Tom Newman in 1972. It was later sold to Thorn EMI in 1992, today, the operations of Virgin Records America, Inc. are still active and headquartered in Hollywood, California, as it operates exclusively under the Capitol Music Group since 2007. US artists include Knox Hamilton, LTric and Rise Against, in fact the first real store was above a shoe shop at the Tottenham Court Road end of Oxford Street. After making the shop into a success, they turned their business into a fully fledged record label, the name Virgin, according to Branson, arose from Tessa Watts, a colleague of his, when they were brainstorming business ideas. She suggested Virgin – as they were all new to business – like virgins, the original Virgin logo was designed by English artist and illustrator Roger Dean, a young naked woman in mirror image with a large long-tailed serpent and the word Virgin in Deans familiar script. A variation on the logo was used for the spin-off Caroline Records label and this was soon followed by some notable krautrock releases, including electronic breakthrough album Phaedra by Tangerine Dream, and The Faust Tapes and Faust IV by Faust. The Faust Tapes album retailed for 49p and as a result allowed this relatively unknown band to reach number 12 in the album charts, other early albums include Gongs Flying Teapot, which Daevid Allen has been quoted as having never been paid for. Under the guidance of Tessa Watts, Virgins Head of Publicity, shortly afterwards, the Notting Hill record shop was raided by police for having a window display of the Sex Pistols album Never Mind the Bollocks, Heres the Sex Pistols in the window. After modified versions of the label came the red, white and blue design introduced in 1975. The current Virgin logo was created in 1978, commissioned by Simon Draper, brian Cooke of Cooke Key Associates commissioned a graphic designer to produce a stylised signature. In 1983 Virgin purchased Charisma Records, renaming it Charisma/Virgin, then later Virgin/Charisma, before folding the label in 1986, in the process they acquired Genesis and comedy group Monty Python. The Charisma label was reactivated in the US in 1990 and enjoyed success with such as Maxi Priest, Right Said Fred,38 Special. When this Charisma label was retired in 1992, all of its artists were, as before, in 1987, Venture Records was created for new age and modern classical artists including Klaus Schulze, who had been associated with Virgin since the early 1970s. 10 Records Immortal Records Delabel Caroline Records was a label used from 1973 to 1977. The name and logo were used for some American editions of Virgin records in the 1980s and 1990s. Caroline was primarily used for independent distribution until the label was reactivated in 2013, today, Caroline Records acts as an independent label taking the place of EMI Label Services, after Virgins former parent company EMI was purchased by Universal Music Group. Front Line Records was a label for issuing Jamaican and English reggae music from 1978 to approximately 1987, a short-lived associated label, Dindisc, had Orchestral Manoeuvres in the Dark and The Monochrome Set during its brief existence, after which its recordings became part of Virgins catalogue. Noo Trybe Records was a hip hop label that existed from 1994 to 1999
8.
Songwriter
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A songwriter is an individual who writes the lyrics, melodies and chord progressions for songs, typically for a popular music genre such as rock or country music. A songwriter can also be called a composer, although the term tends to be used mainly for individuals from the classical music genre. The pressure from the industry to produce popular hits means that songwriting is often an activity for which the tasks are distributed between a number of people. For example, a songwriter who excels at writing lyrics might be paired with a songwriter with a gift for creating original melodies, pop songs may be written by group members from the band or by staff writers – songwriters directly employed by music publishers. Some songwriters serve as their own publishers, while others have outside publishers. The old-style apprenticeship approach to learning how to write songs is being supplemented by university degrees and college diplomas, a knowledge of modern music technology, songwriting elements and business skills are necessary requirements to make a songwriting career in the 2010s. Several music colleges offer songwriting diplomas and degrees with music business modules, the legal power to grant these permissions may be bought, sold or transferred. This is governed by international copyright law, song pitching can be done on a songwriters behalf by their publisher or independently using tip sheets like RowFax, the MusicRow publication and SongQuarters. Skills associated with song-writing include entrepreneurism and creativity, songwriters who sign an exclusive songwriting agreement with a publisher are called staff writers. In the Nashville country music scene, there is a staff writer culture where contracted writers work normal 9-to-5 hours at the publishing office and are paid a regular salary. This salary is in effect the writers draw, an advance on future earnings, the publisher owns the copyright of songs written during the term of the agreement for a designated period, after which the songwriter can reclaim the copyright. In an interview with HitQuarters, songwriter Dave Berg extolled the benefits of the set-up, unlike contracted writers, some staff writers operate as employees for their respective publishers. Under the terms of work for hire agreements, the compositions created are fully owned by the publisher. In Nashville, young writers are often encouraged to avoid these types of contracts. Staff writers are common across the industry, but without the more office-like working arrangements favored in Nashville. All the major publishers employ writers under contract, songwriter Allan Eshuijs described his staff writer contract at Universal Music Publishing as a starter deal. His success under the arrangement eventually allowed him to found his own publishing company, so that he could. keep as much as possible, songwriters are also often skilled musicians. In addition to selling their songs and musical concepts for other artists to sing, songwriters need to create a number of elements for a song
9.
Hubert Kah
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Hubert Kah is a German synthpop band, led by Hubert Kemmler. Kemmler is a German musician, composer, songwriter and producer, and with the albums Meine Höhepunkte and Ich Komme. During this time, Kemmler caused quite a stir by his TV appearances, before Kemmlers music career, he studied law at the University of Tübingen. As of 1984, the band working with producer Michael Cretu. After a German album Goldene Zeiten, the band recorded the English-language albums Tensongs and Sound of My Heart, Hubert Kemmler also contributed backing vocals to most of Sandras hit singles between 1985 and 1989. Kemmler fell ill in the latter 1980s with depression and withdrew from music completely, after his recovery, he appeared with a new version of the band in 1996 with the self-titled Hubert Kah and the singles Cest La Vie and Sailing. The production with classic elements was not commercially as successful as hoped for by Kemmler, in 1998, a new single Love Chain and a Best Of CD were released. Kemmler then became ill again and had to undergo medical treatment, in 2005, Kemmler began his second comeback with the album Seelentaucher. The first single was called No Rain, the album featured a mixture of English and German language tracks. In the spring of 2007, Kemmler went as Ice King Kini in the musical Princess Lillifee, on 26 May 2007, he was one of four guests of honor at the acoustic concert of the band ASP on the Wave-Gotik-Treffen 2007 in Leipzig. Kemmler recorded new songs with Sandra for her new album Stay in Touch, which was released in late 2012. hubert-kah. com
10.
Record producer
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A record producer or music producer oversees and manages the sound recording and production of a band or performers music, which may range from recording one song to recording a lengthy concept album. A producer has many roles during the recording process, the roles of a producer vary. The producer may perform these roles himself, or help select the engineer, the producer may also pay session musicians and engineers and ensure that the entire project is completed within the record companies budget. A record producer or music producer has a broad role in overseeing and managing the recording. Producers also often take on an entrepreneurial role, with responsibility for the budget, schedules, contracts. In the 2010s, the industry has two kinds of producers with different roles, executive producer and music producer. Executive producers oversee project finances while music producers oversee the process of recording songs or albums. In most cases the producer is also a competent arranger, composer. The producer will also liaise with the engineer who concentrates on the technical aspects of recording. Noted producer Phil Ek described his role as the person who creatively guides or directs the process of making a record, indeed, in Bollywood music, the designation actually is music director. The music producers job is to create, shape, and mold a piece of music, at the beginning of record industry, producer role was technically limited to record, in one shot, artists performing live. The role of producers changed progressively over the 1950s and 1960s due to technological developments, the development of multitrack recording caused a major change in the recording process. Before multitracking, all the elements of a song had to be performed simultaneously, all of these singers and musicians had to be assembled in a large studio and the performance had to be recorded. As well, for a song that used 20 instruments, it was no longer necessary to get all the players in the studio at the same time. Examples include the rock sound effects of the 1960s, e. g. playing back the sound of recorded instruments backwards or clanging the tape to produce unique sound effects. These new instruments were electric or electronic, and thus they used instrument amplifiers, new technologies like multitracking changed the goal of recording, A producer could blend together multiple takes and edit together different sections to create the desired sound. For example, in jazz fusion Bandleader-composer Miles Davis album Bitches Brew, producers like Phil Spector and George Martin were soon creating recordings that were, in practical terms, almost impossible to realise in live performance. Producers became creative figures in the studio, other examples of such engineers includes Joe Meek, Teo Macero, Brian Wilson, and Biddu
11.
Big in Japan (Alphaville song)
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Big in Japan is the debut single of the German band Alphaville. It is from their 1984 album Forever Young, the single was a great success in many countries, including Switzerland, Germany and Sweden. It was also the groups only UK hit, getting to No.8 on the UK Singles chart, the song also reached number one on the Hot Dance Club Play in December 1984. The title comes from the phrase Big in Japan, which was used to describe Western bands who are popular with Japanese audiences while garnering little attention in their home country. In 1986, Marian Gold recalled that he bought an album of an unknown British band named Big in Japan, as you know, theres a considerable musical market in Japan. If you wanted to become famous, what you should do was to form a rock group and then release an album over there. The statement fitted well to my storyline about a couple of drug addicted lovers, the video was directed by Yellos Dieter Meier. The 7 version is a different studio recording from the one released later on the album, a new remix of Seeds also appears on Dreamscapes. The original version of the song appears on So80s presents Alphaville. Alphaville re-released the song, with new remixes, in 1992 to coincide with the release of their compilation album First Harvest 1984–92, EU CD single Big in Japan 1992 A. D. Freedom Mix –3,14 Big in Japan The Mix –4,14 Big in Japan 1992 A. D, freedom Mix –4,51 Big in Japan The Mix –6,05 The Mix is the same as the Culture Mix from First Harvest 1984–92. EU CD single Big in Japan Swemix Remix Big in Japan –3,57 Big in Japan –8,27 Big in Japan –6,44 EU12 vinyl single Big in Japan 1992 A. D. Freedom Mix –4,51 Big in Japan 1992 A. D, in 2000, Guano Apes released a cover version as their lead single for their second album Dont Give Me Names on 12 April 2000. The music video shows the band performing in an empty arena and she sang the song in German, as Japan ist weit. The song was produced by her future husband Michael Cretu and was Sandras first try as a solo artist after she separated from the trio Arabesque, the song was not successful, as only 125 copies were sold. Swedish melodic black metal band Embraced did a cover of Big in Japan on their 1998 album Amorous Anathema, Spanish singer José Galisteo, a contestant in the fifth season of the Spanish reality television series Operación Triunfo, covered the song for his 2007 debut album Remember. In 2008, Norwegian singer Ane Brun did her own version of Big in Japan. The song was recorded to be part of the soundtrack for the Swedish TV-documentary Stor i Japan on TV6 and it has been released on Ane Bruns albums Live at Stocholm Concert Hall, Songs 2003-2013, Song Tour 2013, and as a bonus track on Changing of the Seasons
12.
In the Heat of the Night (Sandra song)
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In the Heat of the Night is a Disco song by German singer Sandra. The song was released in November 1985 as the single from the album The Long Play, where it charted at #1 in Switzerland and Israel, #2 in Germany. Also in 1999, a version of the song by Sandra was released as a promo single only in France. In 2007 Virgin Music France decided to release a version of Reflections. In the Heat of the Night was planned to be released as a single in France containing four new versions of the song, a few promotional copies were sent to the media, however, the commercial release was cancelled and it was only released online as a digital single. In 2006, Sandra recorded a new mix of this song and this mix appeared on her compilation Reflections - Reproduced Hits. In Sandras first proper video, the singer was featured in a steaming sauna filled with bare-chested men
13.
YouTube
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YouTube is an American video-sharing website headquartered in San Bruno, California. The service was created by three former PayPal employees—Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim—in February 2005, Google bought the site in November 2006 for US$1.65 billion, YouTube now operates as one of Googles subsidiaries. Unregistered users can watch videos on the site, while registered users are permitted to upload an unlimited number of videos. Videos deemed potentially offensive are available only to registered users affirming themselves to be at least 18 years old, YouTube earns advertising revenue from Google AdSense, a program which targets ads according to site content and audience. YouTube was founded by Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim, Hurley had studied design at Indiana University of Pennsylvania, and Chen and Karim studied computer science together at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Karim could not easily find video clips of either event online, Hurley and Chen said that the original idea for YouTube was a video version of an online dating service, and had been influenced by the website Hot or Not. YouTube began as a venture capital-funded technology startup, primarily from an $11.5 million investment by Sequoia Capital between November 2005 and April 2006, YouTubes early headquarters were situated above a pizzeria and Japanese restaurant in San Mateo, California. The domain name www. youtube. com was activated on February 14,2005, the first YouTube video, titled Me at the zoo, shows co-founder Jawed Karim at the San Diego Zoo. The video was uploaded on April 23,2005, and can still be viewed on the site, YouTube offered the public a beta test of the site in May 2005. The first video to reach one million views was a Nike advertisement featuring Ronaldinho in November 2005. Following a $3.5 million investment from Sequoia Capital in November, the site grew rapidly, and in July 2006 the company announced that more than 65,000 new videos were being uploaded every day, and that the site was receiving 100 million video views per day. The site has 800 million unique users a month and it is estimated that in 2007 YouTube consumed as much bandwidth as the entire Internet in 2000. The choice of the name www. youtube. com led to problems for a similarly named website, the sites owner, Universal Tube & Rollform Equipment, filed a lawsuit against YouTube in November 2006 after being regularly overloaded by people looking for YouTube. Universal Tube has since changed the name of its website to www. utubeonline. com, in October 2006, Google Inc. announced that it had acquired YouTube for $1.65 billion in Google stock, and the deal was finalized on November 13,2006. In March 2010, YouTube began free streaming of certain content, according to YouTube, this was the first worldwide free online broadcast of a major sporting event. On March 31,2010, the YouTube website launched a new design, with the aim of simplifying the interface, Google product manager Shiva Rajaraman commented, We really felt like we needed to step back and remove the clutter. In May 2010, YouTube videos were watched more than two times per day. This increased to three billion in May 2011, and four billion in January 2012, in February 2017, one billion hours of YouTube was watched every day
14.
Close to Seven
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Close to Seven is the fifth studio album by German singer Sandra, released in 1992. The albums title symbolized the upcoming seventh anniversary of Sandras career, the male vocals were sung by Andy Jonas, also known as Andy Angel Hart. Close to Seven was a success and remains Sandras second highest-charting album in Germany. Dont Be Aggressive served as the first single in January 1992, I Need Love was then released as the second and final regular single in April 1992, however, it failed to chart. Steady Me was released in June 1992 as a single in Germany only while Seal It Forever was a promotional single in Brazil
15.
Nights in White Satin
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Nights in White Satin is a 1967 single by The Moody Blues, written and composed by Justin Hayward and first featured as the segment The Night on the album Days of Future Passed. When first released in 1967, the song reached #19 on the UK Singles Chart and it was the first significant chart entry by the team since Go Now and its recent lineup change, in which Denny Laine had resigned and both Hayward and John Lodge had joined. Upon its 1972 reissue, the single hit #2 – for two weeks – on the Billboard Hot 100 and hit #1 on the Cash Box Top 100 in the United States and it earned a Gold certification for sales of over a million U. S. copies. It also hit #1 in Canada, in the wake of its American success, the song re-charted in the U. K. in late 1972 and climbed to #9. The song was re-released yet again in 1979, and charted for a time in the U. K. – peaking at #14. Band member Justin Hayward wrote and composed the song at age 19 in Swindon, the song itself was a tale of a yearning love from afar, which leads many aficionados to term it as a tale of unrequited love endured by Hayward. It was just another song I was writing and I thought it was very powerful and it was a very personal song and every note, every word in it means something to me and I found that a lot of other people have felt that very same way about it. The orchestral sounds in the body of the song were actually produced by Mike Pinders Mellotron keyboard device. The song is written in the key of E minor and features the Neapolitan chord, there are two single versions of the song, both stripped of the orchestral and Late Lament poetry sections of the LP version. The first edited version, with the songwriters credit shown as Redwave, was a hasty sounding 3,06 version of the LP recording with very noticeable chopped parts. However, there are versions of the single that are listed on the labels at 3,06. Some versions, instead of ending cold as most do, segue briefly into the second half and, in fact. For the second edited version, the parts of the song were kept intact. Most single versions were backed with a non-LP B-side, Cities, although it only had limited commercial success on its first release, the song has since garnered much critical acclaim, ranking #36 in BBC Radio 2s Sold on Song Top 100 list. The spoken-word poem heard near the mark of the album version of the song is called Late Lament. Drummer Graeme Edge wrote the verses, which were recited by keyboardist Mike Pinder, on Days of Future Passed, the poems last five lines bracket the album and also appear at the end of track 1. Both compilations feature the track in a different form than on Days of Future Passed. The orchestral ending is kept intact, but recording engineers have completely edited out the gong that closes the track on the original LP, from 1992 through the early 2000s, the Moody Blues toured with shows backed by live orchestras
16.
Forever (Sandra song)
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Forever is a pop song by German singer Sandra. It was released in October 2001 as the single from her seventh studio album The Wheel of Time. The song reached #47 on the official German Charts, Forever was written by Peter Ries and Wolfgang Filz and it was produced by Michael Cretu and Jens Gad. The photograph on the sleeve of Forever was shot by Dieter Eikelpoth, the Music video was directed by Thomas Job. CD single Forever Forever Forever Forever allmusic Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
17.
Disco
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Disco is a genre of dance music containing elements of funk, soul, pop, and salsa. It achieved popularity during the mid-1970s to the early 1980s, Disco can be seen as a reaction against both the domination of rock music and the stigmatization of dance music by the counterculture during this period. It was popular with men and women, from many different backgrounds. The disco sound often has several components, a beat, an eighth note or 16th note hi-hat pattern with an open hi-hat on the off-beat. In most disco tracks, string sections, horns, electric piano, Orchestral instruments such as the flute are often used for solo melodies, and lead guitar is less frequently used in disco than in rock. Many disco songs use electronic synthesizers, particularly in the late 1970s, well-known 1970s disco performers included Donna Summer, the Bee Gees, Boney M. KC and the Sunshine Band, The Trammps, Sylvester, Village People, Gloria Gaynor and Chic. While performers and singers garnered much attention, record producers working behind the scenes played an important role in developing the disco sound. Many non-disco artists recorded songs at the height of discos popularity. Disco was the last mass popular movement that was driven by the baby boom generation. Disco was a phenomenon, but its popularity drastically declined in the United States in 1980. Disco Demolition Night, an anti-disco protest held in Chicago on 12 July 1979, is thought of as a factor in discos fast. By the late 1970s most major U. S. cities had thriving disco club scenes, Studio 54, a venue popular amongst celebrities, is a well-known example of a disco club. Popular dances included the Hustle, a suggestive dance. Discotheque-goers often wore expensive, extravagant and sexy fashions, Disco clubs were also associated with promiscuity. Disco was a key influence on the 1980s electronic dance style called house. The term is derived from discothèque, by the early 1940s, the terms disc jockey and DJ were in use to describe radio presenters. During WWII, because of restrictions set in place by the Nazi occupiers, eventually more than one of these jazz venues had the proper name discothèque. By 1959, the term was used in Paris to describe any of these type of nightclubs and that year a young reporter named Klaus Quirini started to select and introduce records at the Scotch-Club in Aachen, West Germany
18.
GfK Entertainment Charts
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The GfK Entertainment Charts are the official music charts in Germany and are gathered and published by GfK Entertainment GmbH on behalf of Bundesverband Musikindustrie. Following a lawsuit in March 2014 by Media Control AG, Media Control® GfK International had to change its name, dissemination of the charts is conducted by various media outlets, some of which include VIVA music channel, and the Swiss charts website. Other entities that present the charts are MusicLoad and MIX1, furthermore, GfK Entertainment also runs a dedicated website providing chart-related news and access to most of the charts. Charts have been published in Germany since 1959, in a magazine called Der Musikmarkt, since 1959, the growing desire to have a well-developed music program has made Bundesverband Musikindustrie work together with charts providers to improve the way the charts are determined. For this purpose, different research institutes were tested, out of which Media Control, hence, the first official charts were made available in the magazine Der Musikmarkt in September 1977. Initially, there used to be 50 positions only, which later in January 1980, was extended to 75 slots, since 1989, however, GfK Entertainment has adapted the international standards providing 100 positions, now called Offizielle Top 100 Charts. In 2001, the Top-100 singles charts was modified to reflect the sales of the singles, Media Control developed Music Video charts in 2001, which later, in 2004, was renamed as DVD charts. While music-videos have their own charts, in 2001, GfK Entertainment made it possible for the music-video singles to have the ability to enter the Top-100 singles chart. Similarly, in 2002, it was available for music-video albums to chart on the Top-100 album chart. If not, then, the DVD album could qualify for the DVD chart only, in the same vein, if an audio CD contains at least 50% of video recording, then, it could qualify to chart on the DVD chart. In 2003, Media Control joined forces with GfK, thus the name officially being changed to Media Control GfK International GmbH. In 2004, Germany became one of the first music markets wherein sales charts were reflected by online digital downloads, digital-only releases came into existence on 13 July 2007, for online downloads only, which also altered the way the sales figures were conducted up to that point. Consequently, chart positions would no longer be affected by the number of music downloads as before. Thus, the albums would not necessarily be the ones ending up in the number-one position on the charts. In March 2014, GfK announced that the official chart providers name in Germany will change from Media Control GfK International GmbH to GfK Entertainment, there are currently 3,000 outlets that report their sales on weekly bases in Germany. The weekly sales data is transmitted to GfK Entertainment via communication network channel and this is the list of categories, for each of which charts are provided by GfK Entertainment
19.
Stay in Touch
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Stay in Touch is the tenth studio album by German singer Sandra, released in 2012. It was also the first album since 1988s Into a Secret Land to feature Hubert Kemmler as a songwriter, stay in Touch was released on October 26,2012 in both standard format and a limited deluxe 2-CD set featuring extended versions of songs. The album has received favourable response from Sandras fans and met with commercial success internationally. Maybe Tonight was released as the first single in May 2012, the second and final single became Infinite Kiss in autumn 2012, but failed to chart
20.
AllMusic
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AllMusic is an online music guide service website. It was launched in 1991 by All Media Guide which later became All Media Network, AllMusic was launched in 1991 by Michael Erlewine of All Media Guide. The aim was to discographic information on every artist whos made a record since Enrico Caruso gave the industry its first big boost and its first reference book was published the following year. When first released onto the Internet, AMG predated the World Wide Web and was first available as a Gopher site, the AMG consumer web properties AllMusic. com, AllMovie. com and AllGame. com were sold by Rovi in July 2013 to All Media Network, LLC. All Media Network, LLC. was formed by the founders of SideReel. com. The following are contributors to AllMusic, as of this date, All Media Network also produced the AllMusic guide series that includes the AllMusic Guide to Rock, the All Music Guide to Jazz and the All Music Guide to the Blues. Vladimir Bogdanov is the president of the series, in August 2007, PC Magazine included AllMusic in its Top 100 Classic Websites list. All Media Network AllGame AllMovie SideReel All Music Guide to the Blues All Music Guide to Jazz Stephen Thomas Erlewine Official website
21.
Dutch Top 40
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The Dutch Top 40 is a weekly music chart compiled by Stichting Nederlandse Top 40. It started as a program titled Veronica Top 40, on the offshore station Radio Veronica in 1965. It remained The Veronica Top 40 until 1974, when the station was forced to stop broadcasting, joost den Draaijer was the initiator of the top 40 in the Netherlands. On January 2,1965, the first Top 40 was compiled, in 1974, the Stichting Nederlandse Top 40 bought the Top 40 and named it De Nederlandse Top 40. Currently, Radio 538 is airing the Dutch Top 40 on radio, jeroen Nieuwenhuize presents the program every Friday afternoon from 14.00 until 18.00. As of February 2014 the chart is a combination of airplay, streaming, the more often a song gets played on the radio, the higher its place in the Top 40. For year end chart positions, #1 position gets 40 points and this way you just count up all numbers and sort them from most points till least points. There is a set of rules, of some have existed since 1972. Some of these have been criticised as a hindrance, singles must remain minimal two weeks in the chart. If a single officially no longer belongs in the top 40, example, Missy Elliotts Lose Control, Remained two weeks on #40 in the chart, because it did not sell enough and also wasnt played enough on the radio. Singles that highly change position upwards are noted as having superstip status and these singles are not allowed to fall down in chart position the following week. Recent example, Guus Meeuwis Ik Wil Dat Ons Land Juicht, The song entered the chart at #11, the following week it was meant to drop in chart position, but remained on the #5 position. The following two weeks, it went from #5 to #39, because of this rule, this single is the biggest fall down in the Dutch Top 40. However this is not always the case, sometimes singles with a superstip do drop for some reason Re-entry only takes place when the single re-enters within the top 30, if differently, these re-entried singles are ignored. Example, Racoon recently re-entered the Dutch Top 40 at #31 though with the song Love You More, singles with double A-side are noted separately in the top 40, due the different number of airplay the two songs get. Example, Robbie Williams first single off his 2005 album Intensive Care was Tripping with the B-side being Make Me Pure, while Tripping topped the chart by peaking at #1, Make Me Pure peaked at #15 in the Top 40. This is a listing of significant achievements and milestones based upon the Dutch Top 40 charts. & Pharrell Williams — Blurred Lines Avicii — Wake Me Up Clean Bandit featuring Jess Glynne — Rather Be OMI — Cheerleader 10 weeks Heintje — Ich bau dir ein Schloß4 Non Blondes — Whats Up
22.
Mirrors (Sandra album)
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Mirrors is the second studio album from German singer Sandra, released in 1986. The album was produced by Michael Cretu and Armand Volker and it reached #16 in Germany, #14 in Norway, #40 in Sweden and #13 in Switzerland. Producer Michael Cretu used more of the writing and singing talents of Hubert Kemmler, the song Dont Cry was written in reaction to the Chernobyl disaster in 1986. The second album continued the same all over Europe as the first one had previously done. Four singles from album were released. Innocent Love was the first of four singles released from the album, entering the Top 10 in France, whereas the second single. Hi. became a Top 10 hit in Sandras home country of Germany, the ballad Loreen was the third single released, and the electropop Midnight Man was the albums fourth and final single to be released. Akai S900 PPG System Linn 9000 Prophet 2002 Oberheim Xpander EMS Vocoder Yamaha DX-7 Roland Super Jupiter
23.
Into a Secret Land
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Into a Secret Land is the third studio album from German singer Sandra, released in 1988. This album was produced by Michael Cretu and it reached #14 in Germany, #18 in Norway, #22 in Sweden, #13 in Austria and #9 in Switzerland. Five singles were released from this album became successful in many countries. The first single, Heaven Can Wait, was a top ten hit in France and made it to #12 in Germany. The third single released, Well Be Together, was another German Top 10 hit, while the single, Around My Heart. The albums fifth and final single, La Vista de Luna, was released only as a single in Spain. Source, Allmusic Mixed by Frank Peter and Michael Cretu Produced by Michael Cretu Cover art by Mike Schmidt
24.
Paintings in Yellow
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Paintings in Yellow is the fourth studio album by a German singer Sandra, released in 1990. The album showcased more mature sound, departing from previous, up-tempo dance songs in favour of more reflective, the five-part track The Journey foreshadowed the sound of Enigma, a new-age music project that Michael and Sandra were working on at the time of making the album. Frank Peterson, who was the co-producer on the Enigma project, painting in Yellow met with commercial success, becoming Sandras highest-charting album in her home country. Hiroshima, the song on the album, was released as the first single in February 1990. The second single, A Big Insanity, was released in April 1990, One More Night became the final single and was a moderate success in German charts. Hiroshima —6,52 A Big Insanity —4,30 Johnny Wanna Live —4,29 Lovelight in Your Eyes —5,29 One More Night —4,06 The Skin Im In —3,40 Paintings in Yellow —5,52 The Journey —7,29 A
25.
Fading Shades
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Fading Shades is the sixth studio album by German singer Sandra, released in 1995. In 1995, while pregnant with twins, Sandra recorded and released Fading Shades, the album saw a new writer/producer Jens Gad working alongside Michael Cretu. The album featured a cover version of Nights in White Satin by The Moody Blues. The music video showed only close-ups of Sandras face as she was pregnant at the time. She even had to sit during the sessions of the album. Again, Andy Angel Hart performed all the vocals on the album. Note that the cover was taken from the music video of Nights in White Satin. The album become one of her least successful releases, reaching number forty-two in Germany, the song went to number one in Israel and entered the top twenty in Finland and Australia. However, in Germany it performed weakly on the chart. Wont Run Away Wont Run Away was released in July 1995 as the second, unfortunately, the song was not successful, as it did not enter on any of the charts. It was her third single failed to chart and first since 1985s Maria Magdalena not to receive a music video. CD single Wont Run Away —4,18 Wont Run Away —7,34 Wont Run Away —5,00 Wont Run Away —6,26 Lead vocals by Sandra, male vocals by Andy Angel Hart. Lyrics by Jens Gad, Klaus Hirschburger, Michael Cretu, music by Jens Gad, Michael Cretu. Produced by Jens Gad, Michael Cretu, programmed and arranged by - Jens Gad
26.
The Wheel of Time (album)
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The Wheel of Time is the seventh studio album by German singer Sandra, released in 2002. Forgive Me —4,25 Footprints —3,44 Motivation —4,03 I Close My Eyes —4,07 Perfect Touch —3,45 Silent Running —4,18 Such a Shame —4,21 Now. de. The first single Forever, released in 2001, had success and showed a new mature, more natural-looking Sandra. Michael Cretu convinced Sandra to cover a Depeche Mode song, which she did in just one take - Freelove, the album spawned three singles, Forever, Such a Shame and I Close My Eyes. Forever was released in October 2001 as the single and achieved moderate success. The second single release was Such a Shame, a cover of a hit single of the 1980s by British band Talk Talk, released in March 2002, forgive Me was released in June 2002 as a third and promotional single in Germany only. This edition was released to promote the only, but the single was later cancelled. I Close My Eyes was released in November 2002 as the fourth single. The vocal of this song was recorded in one take. Sandra homepage on the Virgin Music Germany website
27.
The Art of Love (album)
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The Art of Love is the eighth studio album by German singer Sandra, released in 2007. The highly anticipated album, The Art of Love was released in February 2007. The Album had 3 Singles Released although none of them have received a music video, for the first time, Michael Cretu did not work as a producer for the album, as he was reportedly busy producing his new Enigma album A posteriori. Sandras management first tried to find producers from the United Kingdom, finally, Sandra contacted Michael Cretus right hand, Jens Gad, who produced the entire album. Sandra, for the first time during her career, now participated actively in composing and writing the album, therefore, the lyrics of the songs are more personal, with Sandra revisiting her childhood and all her sad experiences in them. She worked at Gads studio at nights, returning home to prepare breakfast for her twins, also, for the first time, Sandra revealed her new, sexier look in the promotional pictures shot in New York by Bärbel Miebach. The track Casino Royale is a version of a song originally recorded by Polish singer Edyta Górniak, as Sleep With Me. Sandras own alternative version, titled Sleep, appears as a track on the CD single release of The Way I Am. The album contains Sandras second collaboration with Swiss artist DJ Bobo and her first was on their joint 2006 hit single, Secrets of Love. What Dya Think of Me –4,34 The Way I Am –3,31 The Art of Love –4,14 What Is It About Me –3,54 Dear God. The CD single contains two tracks, Logical Love and Sleep, an alternative version of the album track Casino Royale. What Is It About Me What Is It About Me was released as the single in May 2007. The song wasnt a success and failed to chart, the song has three B-sides, What Dya Think of Me, Les Quest-ce Que cest and Silencio A Mi Lado. The first B-side track appeared on this, Sandras eighth studio album, the track Les Quest-ce Que cest is a French version of Whats Left to Say, and the track Silencio A Mi Lado is a Spanish version of Silence Beside Me
28.
Ten on One (The Singles)
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Ten on One is the first Greatest Hits album from German singer Sandra, released in 1987. Two singles were released for this compilation and this compilation includes songs from Sandras debut studio album The Long Play and her second studio album Mirrors. It was produced by Michael Cretu and Armand Volker, everlasting Love - -3,51 Hi. - M Stop for a Minute - -4,05 Innocent Love - M Little Girl - LP Maria Magdalena - LP In the Heat of the Night - LP Midnight Man - M Dont Cry - M Loreen - M
29.
18 Greatest Hits (Sandra album)
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18 Greatest Hits is the first greatest hits compilation album by German singer Sandra, released in 1992. This greatest hits was released in the fall of 1992, Sandra recorded a new version of the song Johnny Wanna Live, previously released on the Paintings in Yellow album. The song, co-written by Frank Peterson and later redone by his then-girlfriend Sarah Brightman for her album Dive, was an anthem against cruelty to animals, the music video was once again directed by Howard Greenhalgh and showed shocking scenes of cruelty towards animals. In an interview in Sweden, Sandra explained the origins of the song citing her disapproval of people wearing fur coats, the greatest hits reached the Top 10 in both Germany and France and was awarded gold. The release of 18 Greatest Hits marked the end of Sandras most successful period of her solo career and this greatest hits was re-released in 2003 under the title The Essential. This version was repackaged differently and also has different artwork, maria Magdalena 3,58 In the Heat of the Night 5,07 Little Girl 3,11 Innocent Love 4,21 Hi
30.
Reflections (Sandra album)
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Reflections is a remix album by German singer Sandra, released in 2006 and includes re-recorded versions of Sandras hits from the 1980s. Virgin Records suggested that vocal recordings of Sandras biggest hits be sent to different teams of producers/remixers so that they could produce new music. Sandra hesitated at first because she had put out a remix collection in 1999. She had already finished her eighth album and wished to move forward in a new musical direction. Nevertheless, Christian Geller, Schallbau, Felix J. Gauder, Matthias Menck, Ivo Moring, in late 2006, Reflections was issued. Sandras 1987 dance hit Everlasting Love even got a new vocal and was redone as a powerful ballad and distributed to the radio stations as a promotional single. Although the album reached the Top 10 of many stores worldwide, no commercial single was released. However, the radio single Around My Heart 2006 became a hit in Poland. In 2007, Virgin Music France decided to release a version of Reflections. These three tracks are as follows, In the Heat of the Night, Maria Magdalena, in the Heat of the Night 2007 was released online as a digital single containing four new versions of the song, whereas Maria Magdalena was not. Around My Heart 2006 Stop for a Minute 2006 Hi, Hi.2006 Maria Magdalena 2006 In the Heat of the Night 2006 Heaven Can Wait 2006 Everlasting Love 2006 Hiroshima 2006 One More Night 2006 Secret Land 2006 Innocent Love 2006 Well Be Together 2006
31.
The Platinum Collection (Sandra album)
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The Platinum Collection is a box set by German singer Sandra. This is her most comprehensive compilation to date, there are two versions of this title, one with 3 CDs, and one with CD1 &2 only. CD1 &2 include all of the Singles from 1985 to 2009 in their form or slightly remixed. As stated in the CD booklet, all tracks were re-mastered, sounding brighter and bassy. Maria Magdalena -3,57 In the Heat of Night -4,00 † Little Girl -3,08 Sisters and Brothers -3,21 Innocent Love -3,48 † Hi, †† Previously available on Promotional CD-Single only. Maria Magdalena -7,07 † In the Heat of the Night -7,20 † Little Girl -5,17 † Innocent Love -6,42 † Hi, †† Previously available on CD-single only. Well Be Together -6,37 † Hiroshima -6,44 Dont Be Aggressive -6,22 † Nights In White Satin -6,07 † Secret Land 99 -5,34 † † Previously available on CD-single only. Record label official release page Discogs page
32.
Andy mein Freund
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Andy mein Freund is the debut single by German singer Sandra. It was released in 1976 as a single in Germany only. The single, however, performed poorly on the charts dominated by disco mania, the title translates Andy My Friend. As a B-side another German-language song was used, Ich bin noch ein Kind, Andy mein Freund -3,53 Ich bin noch ein Kind -3,55
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