1.
Rock music
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It has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll, itself heavily influenced by blues, rhythm and blues and country music. Rock music also drew strongly on a number of genres such as electric blues and folk. Musically, rock has centered on the guitar, usually as part of a rock group with electric bass guitar. Typically, rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature using a verse-chorus form, like pop music, lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political in emphasis. Punk was an influence into the 1980s on the subsequent development of subgenres, including new wave, post-punk. From the 1990s alternative rock began to rock music and break through into the mainstream in the form of grunge, Britpop. Similarly, 1970s punk culture spawned the visually distinctive goth and emo subcultures and this trio of instruments has often been complemented by the inclusion of other instruments, particularly keyboards such as the piano, Hammond organ and synthesizers. The basic rock instrumentation was adapted from the blues band instrumentation. A group of musicians performing rock music is termed a rock band or rock group, Rock music is traditionally built on a foundation of simple unsyncopated rhythms in a 4/4 meter, with a repetitive snare drum back beat on beats two and four. Melodies are often derived from older musical modes, including the Dorian and Mixolydian, harmonies range from the common triad to parallel fourths and fifths and dissonant harmonic progressions. Critics have stressed the eclecticism and stylistic diversity of rock, because of its complex history and tendency to borrow from other musical and cultural forms, it has been argued that it is impossible to bind rock music to a rigidly delineated musical definition. These themes were inherited from a variety of sources, including the Tin Pan Alley pop tradition, folk music and rhythm, as a result, it has been seen as articulating the concerns of this group in both style and lyrics. Christgau, writing in 1972, said in spite of some exceptions, rock and roll usually implies an identification of male sexuality, according to Simon Frith rock was something more than pop, something more than rock and roll. Rock musicians combined an emphasis on skill and technique with the concept of art as artistic expression, original. The foundations of music are in rock and roll, which originated in the United States during the late 1940s and early 1950s. Its immediate origins lay in a melding of various musical genres of the time, including rhythm and blues and gospel music, with country. In 1951, Cleveland, Ohio disc jockey Alan Freed began playing rhythm and blues music for a multi-racial audience, debate surrounds which record should be considered the first rock and roll record. Other artists with rock and roll hits included Chuck Berry, Bo Diddley, Fats Domino, Little Richard, Jerry Lee Lewis
2.
London
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London /ˈlʌndən/ is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom. Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain and it was founded by the Romans, who named it Londinium. Londons ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its 1. 12-square-mile medieval boundaries. London is a global city in the arts, commerce, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, professional services, research and development, tourism. It is crowned as the worlds largest financial centre and has the fifth- or sixth-largest metropolitan area GDP in the world, London is a world cultural capital. It is the worlds most-visited city as measured by international arrivals and has the worlds largest city airport system measured by passenger traffic, London is the worlds leading investment destination, hosting more international retailers and ultra high-net-worth individuals than any other city. Londons universities form the largest concentration of education institutes in Europe. In 2012, London became the first city to have hosted the modern Summer Olympic Games three times, London has a diverse range of people and cultures, and more than 300 languages are spoken in the region. Its estimated mid-2015 municipal population was 8,673,713, the largest of any city in the European Union, Londons urban area is the second most populous in the EU, after Paris, with 9,787,426 inhabitants at the 2011 census. The citys metropolitan area is the most populous in the EU with 13,879,757 inhabitants, the city-region therefore has a similar land area and population to that of the New York metropolitan area. London was the worlds most populous city from around 1831 to 1925, Other famous landmarks include Buckingham Palace, the London Eye, Piccadilly Circus, St Pauls Cathedral, Tower Bridge, Trafalgar Square, and The Shard. The London Underground is the oldest underground railway network in the world, the etymology of London is uncertain. It is an ancient name, found in sources from the 2nd century and it is recorded c.121 as Londinium, which points to Romano-British origin, and hand-written Roman tablets recovered in the city originating from AD 65/70-80 include the word Londinio. The earliest attempted explanation, now disregarded, is attributed to Geoffrey of Monmouth in Historia Regum Britanniae and this had it that the name originated from a supposed King Lud, who had allegedly taken over the city and named it Kaerlud. From 1898, it was accepted that the name was of Celtic origin and meant place belonging to a man called *Londinos. The ultimate difficulty lies in reconciling the Latin form Londinium with the modern Welsh Llundain, which should demand a form *lōndinion, from earlier *loundiniom. The possibility cannot be ruled out that the Welsh name was borrowed back in from English at a later date, and thus cannot be used as a basis from which to reconstruct the original name. Until 1889, the name London officially applied only to the City of London, two recent discoveries indicate probable very early settlements near the Thames in the London area
3.
Sentimental ballad
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Ballads are generally melodic enough to get the listeners attention. Sentimental ballads are found in most music genres, such as, pop, R&B, soul, country, folk, rock and electronic music, Ballads tend to have a lush musical arrangement, emphasizing melody and harmonies. Characteristically, ballads use acoustic instruments such as guitars, pianos, saxophones, however though, many modern, mainstream ballads tend to feature synthesizers, drum machines and even, to some extent, a dance rhythm. Sentimental ballads had their origins in the early Tin Pan Alley music industry of the later 19th century, sentimental ballads have their roots from medieval French chanson balladée or ballade, which were originally danced songs. Ballads were particularly characteristic of the poetry and song of the British Isles from the later medieval period until the 19th century. They were widely used across Europe, and later in the Americas, Australia, as a narrative song, their theme and function may originate from Scandinavian and Germanic traditions of storytelling. Musically they were influenced by the Minnesinger, the earliest example of a recognizable ballad in form in England is Judas in a 13th-century manuscript. Ballads at this time were composed in couplets with refrains in alternate lines. These refrains would have been sung by the dancers in time with the dance, in the 18th century, ballad operas developed as a form of English stage entertainment, partly in opposition to the Italian domination of the London operatic scene. In America a distinction is drawn between ballads that are versions of European, particularly British and Irish songs, and Native American ballads, a further development was the evolution of the blues ballad, which mixed the genre with Afro-American music. In the late 19th century, Danish folklorist Svend Grundtvig and Harvard professor Francis James Child attempted to record and classify all the known ballads, by the Victorian era, ballad had come to mean any sentimental popular song, especially so-called royalty ballads. Some of Stephen Fosters songs exemplify this genre, by the 1920s, composers of Tin Pan Alley and Broadway used ballad to signify a slow, sentimental tune or love song, often written in a fairly standardized form. Jazz musicians sometimes broaden the term still further to embrace all slow-tempo pieces, notable sentimental ballads of this period include, Little Rosewood Casket, After the Ball, and Danny Boy. Popular sentimental ballad vocalists in this era were Frank Sinatra, Doris Day, Andy Williams, Dusty Springfield, Johnny Mathis, Connie Francis, Nat King Cole, Liza Minnelli and their custom recordings were usually instrumental versions of current or recent rock and roll or pop hit songs. The most popular and enduring songs from this style of music are known as pop standards or American standards. Soft rock, a subgenre that mainly consist of ballads, was derived from rock in the early 1970s, using acoustic instruments and putting more emphasis on melody. Major sentimental ballad artists of this decade included Barbra Streisand, Nana Mouskouri, Elton John, Engelbert Humperdinck, Carole King, Cat Stevens, James Taylor. By the early 1970s, softer songs by the Carpenters, Anne Murray, John Denver, Barry Manilow
4.
Hot Rod (film)
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Hot Rod is a 2007 American comedy film co-written, directed by, and starring members of The Lonely Island. The film stars Samberg as an amateur stuntman whose abusive step-father, Frank continuously mocks, when Frank grows ill, Rod raises money for his heart operation by executing his largest stunt yet. In addition to raising money for the operation, he also does so to win Franks respect, the film also stars Taccone, Sissy Spacek, Will Arnett, Danny McBride, Isla Fisher and Bill Hader. It was directed by Schaffer and distributed by Paramount Pictures, the film was originally drafted by Pam Brady as a vehicle for Saturday Night Live star Will Ferrell, but the project never commenced. Lorne Michaels convinced Paramount to let The Lonely Island, who were growing famous for their work on SNL, the group subsequently re-wrote the film with a heavy emphasis on offbeat surreal humor. The film was shot in Vancouver over the summer of 2006, the films soundtrack was composed by ex-Yes guitarist, Trevor Rabin, and the film features several songs by the Swedish rock band Europe. Hot Rod opened on August 3,2007 and was a box office failure, as the films producers predicted, it received mixed reviews, with critics criticizing the films script and humor. Throughout his entire life, Rod Kimble has believed his father, now deceased, was a successful and he aspires to follow in his fathers footsteps and become a famous stuntman himself. Meanwhile, his stepfather Frank fails to respect Rod as a man, often going out of his way to him in sparring sessions. Rod makes many attempts at landing jumps with his Tomos moped, after an ill-fated jump attempt at the public pool, he returns home to find out that Frank is in urgent need of a heart transplant. He also adds Denise, his neighbor on whom he has a crush. Kevin releases a movie using his footage of Rods stunts and sells over 200 tickets, Rod gets angry and throws the theaters projector out of a window, smashing the projectionists car below. Rod ends up giving up all the money he has raised so far to the projectionist to cover the damages, upset, he returns home, where his mother reveals to him that his father was not the stuntman he thought he was. Humiliated, Rod quits the crew and ends his dream to beat up his stepfather, despite his friends interventions. However, he takes up the jump again when Dave asks Rod to take him to the due to an injury while trippin balls under the influence of acid given to him by his friend Derek. When he does, Dave gives him advice that inspires Rod to apologize to Kevin, Rod gets the crew back together and they start setting up for the jump. On the day of the jump, his friends give him a new suit, a rock, and he also receives a kiss from Denise, who broke up with Jonathan, her insensitive and callous boyfriend. As Rod jumps off the ramp, the speed of his new motorbike enables him to jump over the buses, Rod lands squarely on the ground, and has an unconscious out-of-body experience
5.
Rock Band 3
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Rock Band 3 is a 2010 music video game developed by Harmonix. The game was published and distributed by MTV Games and Electronic Arts, respectively. Mad Catz took over both roles and re-released the title on November 23,2011 and it is the third main game in the Rock Band series. Distinguishing it from all previous rhythm games, Rock Band 3 features Pro mode. Real instruments and original Basic controllers can be played simultaneously in various combinations within the game to simulate playing in a real band, before a song starts, the players choose which instrument they will represent within the song. If the right note is hit or played, it is heard in the audio, if notes are missed, they are not heard. The game includes a list of 83 songs, fully upgraded to Pro — many emphasize the keyboard instrument. Rock Band 3 is designed as a platform to take advantage of players existing libraries by providing user-created set lists and challenges and tools to easily search and select songs from the library. Rock Band 3 was initially released worldwide during the last week of October 2010 for the Xbox 360, PlayStation 3, Wii and it was also the last Rock Band game to be distributed by Electronic Arts as Mad Catz signed on to produce future Rock Band games. Rock Band 3 allows for 1–7 players, either locally or through online game services, support for MIDI compatible electronic drum kits as well. As the band performs, they score points, each player can build up a multiplier by hitting consecutive notes correctly, which increases how many points each note is worth, but the multiplier is set back to 1× if a note is missed. After successfully completing a song, the performance of each player, players can also gain additional points by using Overdrive. Each instrument deploys overdrive differently, and some instruments have multiple methods of activating it, in point competitive mode, players who are doing poorly might be forced to drop out of the band, which silences their part temporarily while the rest of the players continue to play. In some game modes, an option is available to continue the song right from where the band failed at the cost of not being able to record a score for the rest of the songs playthrough. In such sections, players are rewarded for being exactly on cue, players have better tools to sort through songs to help manage a song library that was expected to be larger than 2,000 songs after the games release by the end of 2010. Players are able to rate songs from 1 to 5 lighters, the rating system also allows Harmonix to suggest new songs to players in the Rock Band store. Players are also able to create, save, name, Harmonix also creates custom setlists and battles. The official Rock Band website was updated to reflect these new features, the career mode includes over 700 career goals, similar to Xbox 360 Achievements or PlayStation 3 Trophies, which helps to drive players to progress in the game
6.
Grand Theft Auto: Vice City
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Grand Theft Auto, Vice City is an open world action-adventure third-person shooter video game developed by Rockstar North and published by Rockstar Games. It was released on 27 October 2002 for the PlayStation 2, on 12 May 2003 for Microsoft Windows, a remastered version was released for mobile platforms in 2012, for the games tenth anniversary. It is the title in the Grand Theft Auto series. Set within the fictional Vice City, based on Miami, the game follows Tommy Vercetti following his release from prison. After he is caught up in a drug deal, he seeks out those responsible while building a criminal empire. The game is played from a perspective, and its world is navigated on foot or by vehicle. The open world design lets the player freely roam Vice City, the game was also influenced by the film and television of the era, including Scarface and Miami Vice. Much of the development work constituted creating the world to fit the inspiration and time period. Upon release, the game received acclaim, with praise particularly directed at its music, gameplay. However, the game generated controversy, with criticism directed at the depiction of violence. The game sparked lawsuits and protests while being labelled as violent, Vice City became the best-selling video game of 2002 and has sold over 20 million copies. Considered one of the most significant titles of the generation of video games. Since its release, the game has received numerous ports to many gaming platforms and its successor, Grand Theft Auto, San Andreas, was released in October 2004, and a prequel, Vice City Stories, was released in 2006. Grand Theft Auto, Vice City is a game played from a third-person view. In the game, the controls the criminal Tommy Vercetti. It is possible to have several active missions running at one time, outside of missions, the player can freely roam the games open world and has the ability to complete optional side missions. Composed of two islands and several smaller areas, the world is much larger in area than earlier entries in the series. The islands are unlocked for the player as the story progresses, the player may run, jump, or drive vehicles to navigate the games world
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