Édouard Albert Roche was a French astronomer and mathematician, who is best known for his work in the field of celestial mechanics. His name was given to the concepts of the Roche sphere, Roche limit,
The tidal force or tide-generating force is the difference in gravitational attraction between different points in a gravitational field. It causes different parts of bodies to be pulled unevenly, so
Édouard Roche
…apart by gravitational forces. He described a method of calculating the distance at which an object held together only by gravity would break up due to tidal forces; this distance became known as the Roche limit. His other best known works also involved orbital mechanics. The Roche sphere describes the limits at…
Figure 4: Saturn's rings are inside the orbits of its principal moons. Tidal forces oppose gravitational coalescence of the material in the rings to form moons.
Figure 5: Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 in 1994 after breaking up under the influence of Jupiter's tidal forces during a previous pass in 1992.
Figure 7: Tidal force is responsible for the merge of galactic pair MRK 1034.