1.
Album
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Album, is a collection of audio recordings issued as a single item on CD, record, audio tape, or another medium. Albums of recorded music were developed in the early 20th century, first as books of individual 78rpm records, vinyl LPs are still issued, though in the 21st century album sales have mostly focused on compact disc and MP3 formats. The audio cassette was a format used from the late 1970s through to the 1990s alongside vinyl, an album may be recorded in a recording studio, in a concert venue, at home, in the field, or a mix of places. Recording may take a few hours to years to complete, usually in several takes with different parts recorded separately. Recordings that are done in one take without overdubbing are termed live, the majority of studio recordings contain an abundance of editing, sound effects, voice adjustments, etc. With modern recording technology, musicians can be recorded in separate rooms or at times while listening to the other parts using headphones. Album covers and liner notes are used, and sometimes additional information is provided, such as analysis of the recording, historically, the term album was applied to a collection of various items housed in a book format. In musical usage the word was used for collections of pieces of printed music from the early nineteenth century. Later, collections of related 78rpm records were bundled in book-like albums, the LP record, or 33 1⁄3 rpm microgroove vinyl record, is a gramophone record format introduced by Columbia Records in 1948. It was adopted by the industry as a standard format for the album. Apart from relatively minor refinements and the important later addition of stereophonic sound capability, the term album had been carried forward from the early nineteenth century when it had been used for collections of short pieces of music. Later, collections of related 78rpm records were bundled in book-like albums, as part of a trend of shifting sales in the music industry, some commenters have declared that the early 21st century experienced the death of the album. Sometimes shorter albums are referred to as mini-albums or EPs, Albums such as Tubular Bells, Amarok, Hergest Ridge by Mike Oldfield, and Yess Close to the Edge, include fewer than four tracks. There are no rules against artists such as Pinhead Gunpowder referring to their own releases under thirty minutes as albums. These are known as box sets, material is stored on an album in sections termed tracks, normally 11 or 12 tracks. A music track is a song or instrumental recording. The term is associated with popular music where separate tracks are known as album tracks. When vinyl records were the medium for audio recordings a track could be identified visually from the grooves
2.
Kyuss
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Kyuss was an American stoner rock band, formed in Palm Desert, California, in 1987 by Josh Homme, John Garcia, Brant Bjork and Chris Cockrell. After releasing an EP under the name Sons of Kyuss in 1990, over the next five years the band released four full-length albums, and one last split EP in 1997 as Kyuss and the newly formed Queens of the Stone Age. This tied up the ends of Kyuss and introduced the new band Queens of the Stone Age. Oliveri left the band in 1992 and was replaced by Scott Reeder just prior to the release of Blues for the Red Sun. Drummer Bjork decided to leave the band in 1993, citing creative differences and a disdain for touring, Garcia and Homme were the bands only continuous members throughout the bands lifetime. In November 2010, three members of the band reunited under the adapted moniker Kyuss Lives. for a world tour with plans to record a new album at some point. As a result, they changed their name to Vista Chino, the band formed in 1987 jamming under the name Katzenjammer before eventually deciding upon Sons of Kyuss. Brant Bjork selected the name from the monster found in the 1st edition Advanced Dungeons & Dragons roleplaying game book Fiend Folio. In 1989 the band recorded their eponymous debut EP, Sons of Kyuss, after self-releasing the EP in 1990, the band recruited Nick Oliveri – who had previously played second guitar in Katzenjammer – to replace Cockrell on bass, and shortened their name to Kyuss. Kyuss first line-up consisted of vocalist John Garcia, guitarist Joshua Homme, bassist Nick Oliveri, the band gradually built a local following in Palm Desert, California and frequently performed at parties in and around the isolated towns of Southern Californias desert areas. Homme commented that playing in the desert was the factor for the band noting that theres no clubs here. If people dont like you, theyll tell you, the band then signed with independent record label Dali, who released their debut album, Wretch, in September 1991. Several songs on the album were re-recorded versions of those appeared on the Sons of Kyuss EP. Album sales were sluggish, though the band was making a name for itself as a live act. In 1992, the band, along with new producer Chris Goss, began work on their next album, Goss understood the band, and was able to accurately capture their live sound in the studio. Released in June that year, the album was hailed and is today widely regarded as a pioneering stoner rock record. By the end of 1993, they were invited to open nine dates for Metallica touring Australia, the band then soon found themselves signed with major label Elektra Records after Dali Records hit financial problems and was bought by Elektra. In 1994, they would release their first major label album, originally intended to be titled Pools of Mercury, the album commonly came to be known among fans as Welcome to Sky Valley
3.
Sound City Studios
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Sound City Studios was a recording studio incorporated in 1969, located in Van Nuys, Los Angeles, California, USA. The facility had previously been a factory of the British musical instrument manufacturer. Sound City contributed its signature sound to more than a hundred certified gold. The studio was held from 1970, until it closed its commercial studio services in May 2011. It is now reserved for the use of its tenants. Dave Grohl, former Nirvana drummer and current frontman of Foo Fighters, purchased the Neve Electronics 8028 Console from Studio A, in 2013, a documentary on the studio was made by Grohl simply titled Sound City. The studio was run by Joe Gottfried and Tom Skeeter, two guys who wanted to start a company and got into artist management. During 1969, Sound City hosted the David Briggs productions Twelve Dreams of Dr. Sardonicus by Spirit, on a more infamous note, cult leader Charles Manson made some recordings in Studio B, just a few months before the Manson family crime spree in the Summer of 1969. In the 1970s, Neil Young, Dr. John, Spirit, Crazy Horse, Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, along with other bands recorded music at the studio. Shelter Records founders Leon Russell and Denny Cordell found an L. A. home at Sound City as well, recording Leon Russell, Delaney & Bonnie, and Joe Cocker. In 1976, Fleetwood Mac recorded one track at the studio, Never Going Back Again, from what would one of the highest selling and most critically acclaimed albums of all time. During the 1980s and 1990s, the studio was used to produce works from Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers, Rick Springfield, Ronnie James Dio, Foreigner, The Black Crowes, and Nirvana. Record producer Rick Rubin chose Sound City Recording Studios to record artists like Red Hot Chili Peppers and he most recently recorded Metallicas Death Magnetic, which entered the Billboard Top 200 chart at number 1, at the studio. Joe Gottfried died in 1992, at the age of 65, Tom Skeeter died on 12 September 2014, at the age of 82. Sound City Studios prided themselves on having a particular sound when it came to recording drums. Studio drummer and Toto member, Jeff Porcaro, insisted that you only had to set up the drums in order to get a drum sound. Guitars sound pretty much the same everywhere, says famed producer Rick Rubin, but drums change from room to room, based upon this sample, the band chose Sound City Studios to record Death Magnetic. In addition, when asked by Nine Inch Nails to be a guest drummer on some songs, Dave Grohl agreed only if the songs were to be recorded at Sound City Studios
4.
Van Nuys
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Van Nuys /vænˈnaɪz/ is a neighborhood in the central San Fernando Valley region of the city of Los Angeles, California. The town was founded in 1911, and named for Isaac Newton Van Nuys and it was annexed by Los Angeles on May 22,1915, after completion of the Los Angeles Aqueduct, providing it with the water required for further growth. Van Nuys was the first new stop on the San Fernando Line of the Pacific Electric Railway red cars system, which boosted its early land sales and commercial success. In 1991 Marvin Braude, a member of the Los Angeles City Council and this redesignated area included the community of Magnolia Woods. Some area residents had presented a petition and several original deeds that stated Sherman Oaks to Braude and they argued that the area was originally a part of Sherman Oaks until the 1960s, when ZIP codes labeling the area as Van Nuys were established. In 2014, A Great Streets project was introduced by Mayor Eric Garcetti with Van Nuys Blvd. to be redesigned between Victory Blvd. and Oxnard Street, also, Sepulveda Blvd. was resurfaced between Victory Blvd and Oxnard Street in May 2014. A new Los Angeles County services building is under construction on the southwest corner of Van Nuys Blvd. on February 14,2016, some 170 firefighters battled a fire at the abandoned Voyager Motel at 6500 N. Sepulveda Blvd. The 2000 U. S. census counted 103,770 residents in the 8. 99-square-mile Van Nuys neighborhood—or 11,542 people per square mile, in 2008, the city estimated that the population had increased to 110,747. In 2000 the median age for residents was 28, considered young for city and county neighborhoods, the neighborhood was considered moderately diverse ethnically within Los Angeles. The breakdown was Hispanics,60. 5%, whites,23. 1%, Asians,6. 4%, blacks, 6%, and others, 4%. Mexico and El Salvador were the most common places of birth for the 49. 8% of the residents who were born abroad—a high percentage for Los Angeles. There were 4,917 families headed by single parents, or 21. 3%, the median yearly household income in 2008 dollars was $41,134, considered average for the city but low for the county. The percentages of households that earned $40,000 or less were high for the county, renters occupied 73. 9% of the housing stock, and house- or apartment-owners held 26. 1%. Van Nuys Airport Van Nuys Boulevard Metro Orange Line bicycle path Van Nuys FlyAway Bus service Galpin Auto Sports — Pimp My Ride. Sound City Studios Los Angeles Fire Department operates Station 39, Station 90 Van Nuys Airport Area, Station 100 West Van Nuys, the Los Angeles Police Department operates the nearby Van Nuys Community Police Station at 6420 Sylmar Avenue,91401, serving the neighborhood. The U. S. Census Bureau operates the Los Angeles Regional Office in Van Nuys, the Social Security Administration operates a branch office on Van Nuys Boulevard north of Victory Boulevard in Van Nuys. The Van Nuys Recreation Area is in Van Nuys, the area has an auditorium and gymnasium with a capacity of 420 people, and a multipurpose/community room with a capacity of 20–25 people. The Van Nuys adjacent Sepulveda Basin Recreation Area to the west is an open space park behind Sepulveda Dam
5.
Stoner rock
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Stoner rock or stoner metal is a rock music fusion genre that combines elements of heavy metal and/or doom metal with psychedelic rock and acid rock. The term desert rock is used interchangeably with the term stoner rock to describe this genre, however. Stoner rock is typically slow-to-mid tempo and features a distorted, groove laden bass-heavy sound, melodic vocals. The genre emerged during the early 1990s and was pioneered foremost by the Californian bands Kyuss, the descriptor stoner rock may originate from the title of the 1997 Roadrunner Records compilation Burn One Up. Desert rock is used interchangeably as a descriptor, and was coined by a MeteorCity Records intern. Due to the similarities between stoner and sludge metal, there is often a crossover between the two genres and this hybrid has traits of both styles, but generally lacks stoner metals laid back atmosphere and its usage of psychedelia. Bands such as Weedeater, High on Fire and Electric Wizard creatively fuse both styles, the involvement of cannabis in the creation of stoner rock/metal can range between bands in the genre. Bands such as Sleep have involved the concept of cannabis to be part of the core of their albums, dopesmoker by Sleep received controversy because the 60-minute song is about cannabis, which resulted in conflict with Sleeps record company. Bands such as King Caravan and Sea of Green have come under terms with this statement. Similarly, Matt Pike from the band High on Fire stated, Its a very strong scene, I might use the word stoner in my lyrics, but I think were metal, dude. Id say I was crossover metal, actually, or progressive metal and its kind of a tough thing to lump into a category, but I guess we get the stoner-rock label because of the whole pot thing. Like most subgenres of music, the origins of rock are hard to trace. Nevertheless, several known progenitors and signature songs are credited with helping to shape the genre. Blue Cheer is considered one of the pioneers of the style, as AllMusic author Greg Prato puts it, When talks about stoner rock come up, one band that tends to get overlooked is Blue Cheer. Rolling Stone claims, What stoner rock delivers, slowed down and magnified, is the riff, led Zeppelin and Black Sabbath were the first to make a monolith of it. Sir Lord Baltimore have been called the godfathers of rock and Leaf Hound have been cited for influencing countless bands in the stoner rock movement, including Kyuss. Primevils album Smokin Bats at Camptons has been called a touchstone of stoner rock, jim DeRogatis has said that stoner rock bands are reaching back for inspiration to the psychedelic, proto-metallic jamming of bands like Cream, Black Sabbath, Deep Purple, and Hawkwind. Black Sabbaths Master of Reality is often cited as the first album of the genre, soundgarden, who released their first album in 1988, are typically associated with grunge, but have also been called the standard-bearers of stoner rock during the 1990s
6.
Elektra Records
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Elektra Records is an American record label owned by Warner Music Group, founded in 1950 by Jac Holzman and Paul Rickolt. It played an important role in the development of folk music. In 2004, it was consolidated into WMGs Atlantic Records Group, after five years of dormancy, the label was revived as an imprint of Atlantic in 2009. The label has been run by Gregg Nadel since 2015 who officially became its president in 2017, Elektra was formed in 1950 by Jac Holzman and Paul Rickolt in Holzmans St. Johns College dorm room. The usual spelling of the Greek mythological Pleiad Electra was changed, Holzman famously explained, I gave her the ‘K’ that I lacked. He found the C in the name too soft but liked the solid bite of the letter K. The first Elektra LP, New Songs, was a collection of Lieder and similar art songs, Holzman also recorded Josh White, who was without a record deal as a result of McCarthyite blacklisting. In 1964, Elektra launched Nonesuch Records and this classical budget label was the best-selling budget classical label of the era. In 1965, Elektra began a joint venture with Survey Music called Bounty Records which was Elektras first foray into pop music. The most notable signing for Bounty was the Paul Butterfield Band who was moved over to Elektra when Bounty folded, the labels most important signings were the Chicago-based Paul Butterfield Blues Band, the Los Angeles bands Love and The Doors, and the Detroit bands The Stooges and MC5. Included in Elektras LA signings were Tim Buckley and Bread, in 1968, the label also signed pioneering rock guitar soloist Lonnie Mack to a three-album deal. Also in 1967, Elektra launched its influential Nonesuch Explorer Series, excerpts from several Nonesuch Explorer recordings were later included on the two Voyager Golden Discs which were sent into deep space in 1977 aboard the Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 space probes. Elektra, along with its Nonesuch Records subsidiary, was acquired by Kinney National Services in 1970, soon afterwards, Kinney consolidated their label holdings under the Warner-Elektra-Atlantic umbrella. Holzman remained in charge of Elektra until 1972, when it merged with Asylum Records to become Elektra/Asylum Records, Asylums founder, David Geffen, would head the newly combined label. Holzman, in the meantime, was appointed vice president and chief technologist for Warner — ushering the company into home video. Holzman also went on to acquire Discovery Records, in 1975, Geffen stepped down due to health problems. He would be replaced by Joe Smith, who went on to become CEO of Capitol Records. Although the company was listed as Elektra/Asylum Records on the label credits
7.
Record producer
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A record producer or music producer oversees and manages the sound recording and production of a band or performers music, which may range from recording one song to recording a lengthy concept album. A producer has many roles during the recording process, the roles of a producer vary. The producer may perform these roles himself, or help select the engineer, the producer may also pay session musicians and engineers and ensure that the entire project is completed within the record companies budget. A record producer or music producer has a broad role in overseeing and managing the recording. Producers also often take on an entrepreneurial role, with responsibility for the budget, schedules, contracts. In the 2010s, the industry has two kinds of producers with different roles, executive producer and music producer. Executive producers oversee project finances while music producers oversee the process of recording songs or albums. In most cases the producer is also a competent arranger, composer. The producer will also liaise with the engineer who concentrates on the technical aspects of recording. Noted producer Phil Ek described his role as the person who creatively guides or directs the process of making a record, indeed, in Bollywood music, the designation actually is music director. The music producers job is to create, shape, and mold a piece of music, at the beginning of record industry, producer role was technically limited to record, in one shot, artists performing live. The role of producers changed progressively over the 1950s and 1960s due to technological developments, the development of multitrack recording caused a major change in the recording process. Before multitracking, all the elements of a song had to be performed simultaneously, all of these singers and musicians had to be assembled in a large studio and the performance had to be recorded. As well, for a song that used 20 instruments, it was no longer necessary to get all the players in the studio at the same time. Examples include the rock sound effects of the 1960s, e. g. playing back the sound of recorded instruments backwards or clanging the tape to produce unique sound effects. These new instruments were electric or electronic, and thus they used instrument amplifiers, new technologies like multitracking changed the goal of recording, A producer could blend together multiple takes and edit together different sections to create the desired sound. For example, in jazz fusion Bandleader-composer Miles Davis album Bitches Brew, producers like Phil Spector and George Martin were soon creating recordings that were, in practical terms, almost impossible to realise in live performance. Producers became creative figures in the studio, other examples of such engineers includes Joe Meek, Teo Macero, Brian Wilson, and Biddu
8.
Chris Goss
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Christopher Ryan Goss is an American record producer and musician. Best known for producing records for Kyuss and Queens of the Stone Age, he is regarded as an important figure in the development of stoner rock, Goss is also the lead singer and guitarist of the hard rock band Masters of Reality. As well as being the member of influential desert rock outfit Masters of Reality, Goss is also well known for his production work on albums by Kyuss. Largely credited as the Godfather of desert rock, Goss has on several occasions played down the importance of his role in this musical movement. In 1999 he stated, “I cant make any claim at all to inventing desert rock, or stoner rock, or whatever you want to call it. I make rock n roll records, and hopefully try to make the listener feel like I did when I heard my favourite music. ”In 2004, Goss highlighted exactly what kind of music he created, “Theres a bunch of weirdos that I work with all the time, and we make what I call out of whack Rock records. When people want an out of whack weird Rock record, they call me, and I take an out of whack amount of money to do it, and Im glad to be there. After his recuperation, he joined Jeordie White and Zach Hill to release I Got a Brand New Egg Layin Machine, a mini LP released under the name Goon Moon. Continuing with Goon Moon, Goss, White and Hill released an album in May 2007 entitled Lickers Last Leg containing many guest artists synonymous with the desert rock scene. Goss also joined Queens of the Stone Age and Billy Gibbons to perform Burn the Witch on Late Night with Conan OBrien. It stars Michael Madsen, Shayla Beesley and Paz de la Huerta. The movie is inspired by the book Death in the Desert by Cathy Scott,2010 Extensive Audio Interview with Chris Goss on the Jekyll and Hyde Show, 106FM Jerusalem
9.
John Garcia (singer)
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John Garcia is a vocalist and songwriter. Garcia is best known as the vocalist and founding member of Kyuss, Slo Burn, Garcia recently performed in Vista Chino with former Kyuss drummer Brant Bjork although the band broke up in 2014 after a falling out which caused Garcia to leave the band. Garcia and Bjork have since decided to continue their solo projects. In 1989, while still in school, Garcia formed Kyuss with Brant Bjork. The band produced five albums in total, all of which featured Garcia on vocals, in October 1995, just three months after releasing the album. And the Circus Leaves Town, Kyuss disbanded. Their final official release was a 10 vinyl on the now defunct label Mans Ruin Records, Kyuss had been on an indefinite hiatus ever since. Bruno Fevery filled in for Homme, who did not want to participate, in November 2012, following a lawsuit filed by Homme and former Kyuss bassist Scott Reeder, Kyuss Lives. Changed their name to Vista Chino, in 1996, Garcia formed stoner rock band Slo Burn in Palm Desert, California. Releasing just one EP, Amusing the Amazing, the tenure was short-lived. A total of 9 songs were recorded, but the band did not have enough funds, bootleg copies of the album that have the remaining 5 tracks exist, unmixed, in varying quality. The band played at Ozzfest in 1997 before disbanding later that year, upon leaving Slo Burn, Garcia formed the band Unida, which at one point included former Kyuss bassist Scott Reeder. Unida released one album, Coping with the Urban Coyote and a split EP with the Swedish group Dozer, the band, however, distributed the album themselves, selling copies at their live shows while on tour. Unida is currently on indefinite hiatus, in early 2010, a European tour was announced, starting with a gig at Roadburn Festival in April. Billed as Garcia Plays Kyuss, the performances consisted entirely of originally recorded by Garcias former band. His backing-band is composed of Belgian and Dutch musicians from Agua de Annique, Kong, Celestial Season, during their performance at Hellfest on June 20, John Garcia was joined on stage by former Kyuss members Brant Bjork and Nick Oliveri while playing Gardenia and Green Machine. In November 2010, John Garcia formed Kyuss Lives. with Brant Bjork, Nick Oliveri, due to legal pressure on November 2012, Kyuss Lives. announced that they had changed their name to Vista Chino. Vista Chino released their debut album Peace on September 3,2013 through Napalm Records, in 1998, he joined Hermano, a side-project created by producer Dandy Brown. The band has released four albums since 2002, in 1999, Garcia collaborated with Swedish all-female stoner band Misdemeanor on Love Song, the fourth track of their EP, Five Wheel Drive
10.
Josh Homme
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Joshua Michael Josh Homme is an American singer, songwriter, musician, record producer, and actor. He is the founder and only member of the rock band Queens of the Stone Age, in which he sings and plays guitar, as well as occasionally playing piano, drums. He also serves as the primary songwriter. Homme was formerly a guitarist and founder of the rock band Kyuss. In 2009, he formed a new project called Them Crooked Vultures with Dave Grohl and John Paul Jones, in 2016, he released Post Pop Depression, an album with Iggy Pop. He has been involved numerous other projects, including Arctic Monkeys. Homme was born in Joshua Tree, California, and grew up in an affluent family in Palm Desert and his grandfather, Cap, moved to the desert from North Dakota when Hommes father was a child. His surname is of Norwegian origin, and is believed to come from the town of Valle, the Homme family have a local street named after them in a golfing community, and Cap has a park named after him in an exclusive enclave of the Coachella Valley. Homme appeared in a 2011 episode of Anthony Bourdains No Reservations on the area and he also stated that he did not start playing music to get girls or make money and that he assumed that he would grow up to be a good contractor like dad. When Homme was a child, he saw a trailer for the film The Exorcist on TV, I dont know if ever found it. He began playing guitar at the age of nine, after his parents denied his wishes for a drum kit, Homme joined his first band Autocracy in 1985, at the age of 12. In 1987, when he was 14 years old, Homme formed a punk rock-influenced heavy metal band with schoolmates John Garcia and Brant Bjork in Palm Desert called Katzenjammer, after changing their name a few times, first to Sons of Kyuss, they finally shortened it to Kyuss. The band garnered a following by the early 1990s, with the band often driving for hours out to isolated locations in the desert. These events, known as generator parties, became urban legend among rock subculture, the band became both famous for their heavy, down tuned, groove oriented music, and infamous for their backstage fights with local LA bands when they traveled into town to play gigs. This soon brought the attention of Chris Goss, who became the mentor, helping the band sign to a label. Due to Josh being younger than 18 at the time of the bands signing, Kyuss partially reformed in 2010, but Homme opted to not be part of the reunion. When Kyuss split up in 1995, Homme joined the Screaming Trees as a rhythm guitarist, touring and he and vocalist Mark Lanegan became close friends during this time. Disliking the bands continual disharmony, Homme left after just over one year with them and he founded Gamma Ray, a group more centered to his unique style and tastes, which later became Queens of the Stone Age in 1997
11.
Welcome to Sky Valley
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Welcome to Sky Valley is the third studio album by American rock band Kyuss, released in June 1994. Welcome to Sky Valley was recorded in early 1993 and scheduled for release in January 1994 and they sneak-previewed the completed album at Foundations Forum 93 and contributed the song Demon Cleaner to the sampler disc. Due to mild success from their previous album, Kyuss had been promoted from their record label Dali to the main label Chameleon. On November 11,1993 Chameleon Records abruptly shut down and their joint-venture partner Elektra quickly picked up the band and scheduled the album for release in March 1994. The album was delayed for another three months after that, eventually being released almost a year after being initially recorded. This is the first Kyuss album to feature bassist Scott Reeder, Welcome to Sky Valley was the last to feature founding member Brant Bjork. The song N. O. was originally recorded by Across The River, after Reeder left The Obsessed and joined Kyuss, Bjork suggested they record N. O. as a tribute to Across The River. On compact disc, Welcome to Sky Valley was originally released with its ten total songs contained in three tracks, with an additional, fourth hidden track and it was later re-released with all ten tracks separated individually. Guitarist Josh Homme claimed in an interview that the band just wanted it to be hell to play on a CD player. The albums liner notes instruct the listener to Listen without distraction, the band Tool live covered Demon Cleaner twice with bassist Scott Reeder joining them onstage during the performances, • 03/27/1998 - Los Angeles, CA, USA @ Hollywood Palladium. • 03/29/1998 - San Diego, CA, USA @ The Rimac Theatre, the song is also contained in the video game Guitar Hero, Metallica and The Crew. All tracks written by Josh Homme, except where noted, credits adapted from the albums liner notes
12.
Kyuss / Queens of the Stone Age
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Kyuss / Queens of the Stone Age is an EP by the American rock bands Kyuss and Queens of the Stone Age, released in December 1997 on Mans Ruin Records. It features some of the studio recordings by Kyuss while debuting guitarist Josh Hommes next project. The Queens of the Stone Age tracks If Only Everything and Born to Hula had been released by Mans Ruin in 1996 on the Gamma Ray EP, when Homme was calling his new project Gamma Ray. He received a cease and desist order because the name Gamma Ray was already in use by a German band, all tracks written by Josh Homme, except where noted. Credits adapted from the EPs liner notes
13.
AllMusic
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AllMusic is an online music guide service website. It was launched in 1991 by All Media Guide which later became All Media Network, AllMusic was launched in 1991 by Michael Erlewine of All Media Guide. The aim was to discographic information on every artist whos made a record since Enrico Caruso gave the industry its first big boost and its first reference book was published the following year. When first released onto the Internet, AMG predated the World Wide Web and was first available as a Gopher site, the AMG consumer web properties AllMusic. com, AllMovie. com and AllGame. com were sold by Rovi in July 2013 to All Media Network, LLC. All Media Network, LLC. was formed by the founders of SideReel. com. The following are contributors to AllMusic, as of this date, All Media Network also produced the AllMusic guide series that includes the AllMusic Guide to Rock, the All Music Guide to Jazz and the All Music Guide to the Blues. Vladimir Bogdanov is the president of the series, in August 2007, PC Magazine included AllMusic in its Top 100 Classic Websites list. All Media Network AllGame AllMovie SideReel All Music Guide to the Blues All Music Guide to Jazz Stephen Thomas Erlewine Official website
14.
Rolling Stone
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Rolling Stone is an American biweekly magazine that focuses on popular culture. It was founded in San Francisco in 1967 by Jann Wenner, who is still the publisher. It was first known for its coverage and for political reporting by Hunter S. Thompson. In the 1990s, the magazine shifted focus to a readership interested in youth-oriented television shows, film actors. In recent years, it has resumed its traditional mix of content, Rolling Stone magazine was founded in San Francisco in 1967 by Jann Wenner and Ralph Gleason. To get it off the ground, Wenner borrowed $7,500 from his own family and from the parents of his soon-to-be wife, Jane Schindelheim. The first issue carried a date of November 9,1967. Some authors have attributed the name solely to Dylans hit single, At Gleasons suggestion, Rolling Stone initially identified with and reported the hippie counterculture of the era. In the very first edition, Wenner wrote that Rolling Stone is not just about the music, in the 1970s, Rolling Stone began to make a mark with its political coverage, with the likes of gonzo journalist Hunter S. Thompson writing for the magazines political section. Thompson first published his most famous work Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas within the pages of Rolling Stone, where he remained a contributing editor until his death in 2005. In the 1970s, the magazine also helped launch the careers of prominent authors, including Cameron Crowe, Lester Bangs, Joe Klein, Joe Eszterhas, Patti Smith. It was at point that the magazine ran some of its most famous stories. One interviewer, speaking for a number of his peers, said that he bought his first copy of the magazine upon initial arrival on his college campus. In 1977, the magazine moved its headquarters from San Francisco to New York City, editor Jann Wenner said San Francisco had become a cultural backwater. During the 1980s, the magazine began to shift towards being an entertainment magazine. Music was still a dominant topic, but there was increasing coverage of celebrities in television, films, the magazine also initiated its annual Hot Issue during this time. Rolling Stone was initially known for its coverage and for Thompsons political reporting. In the 1990s, the changed its format to appeal to a younger readership interested in youth-oriented television shows, film actors
15.
Metal Hammer
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Metal Hammer is a monthly heavy metal music magazine published in the United Kingdom by Future Plc, and in several other countries by different publishers. Metal Hammer articles feature both bands and more unusual acts from the whole spectrum of heavy metal music. On 19 December 2016, TeamRock called in the administrators with the loss of 73 jobs, teamRocks stable of titles including Classic Rock, Metal Hammer, and Prog, suspended publication in December 2016. On 8 January 2017, Metal Hammer, along with sister magazines Classic Rock, London-based Wilfried F. Rimensberger instigated the concept of MetalHammer magazine in 1983. At the time, he suggested to the infant Kerrang, Magazine in London that they should publish a German version, but the editors of the time were not interested. Rimensberger took the idea to Jürgen Wigginghaus, publisher of German MusikSzene magazine where Rimensberger was chief editor and he also approached some of Europes largest publishers such as Springer, Ringier and Bauer, but none were interested. Eventually, Wigginghaus used the Dortmunder Rocknacht as a test ground for the publication in Germany, Metalhammer had local language editions in Israel, Japan, Serbia, Spain, The Netherlands, Italy, Poland, Hungary, France. Metalhammer was also the first Western youth publication in the Soviet Union and this organization made the publication into the leading genre platform of the 1980s – and the global leader in his segment of the publishing market. Rimensberger was the promoter of the first Metalhammer Lorelei Festival, with leading metal acts such as Metallica, Motörhead and it was he who recommended Metallica to Peter Mensch for management. Rimensberger also linked the name Metal Hammer with other brands such as the BBC, MTV Metal Show with Bailey Brothers. Harry Doherty, formerly of Melody Maker, became the editor of the English-language Metal Hammer. He left to found the video magazine HardnHeavy, before being asked back by Wigginghaus to take all the European issues of Metal Hammer and other associated magazines. In association with Picture Music International, the arm of EMI Records, Doherty also launched the Metal Hammer Video Magazine, in direct competition with his earlier creation. Doherty left after a management dispute with Wigginghaus, harry Dohertys original personal assistant Sue Powell went on to manage the London-based offices under Wilfried F. Rimensberger. Rimensberger joined the crew of MTV Europe as a consultant to the director of network development. He also became a co-producer of Tom Galleys Phenomena project, organising its worldwide record deal and linking it with some of the best rock musicians and singers. He co-produced with Galley Dream Runner, Phenomenas best-selling album which has somewhat of a rock classic. Rimensberger also represented Stiletto Entertainment Los Angeles in Europe, and produced Nina Corti at the Royal Albert Hall and various TV productions for Swiss, German and UK TV
16.
Brant Bjork
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Brant Bjork is an American musician, singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and producer from Palm Desert, California. He is perhaps best known as the drummer and founder of the influential Californian stoner rock band Kyuss, Bjork played in Vista Chino, along with former Kyuss vocalist John Garcia. Until October 2014 when Nick Oliveri announced that there was a falling out and he is one of the more notable figures in the stoner rock and Palm Desert scenes. While still in school, Bjork got together with friends Josh Homme. The band relocated to Los Angeles in 1990 and signed to Chameleon Records, releasing their debut album and they were then picked up by the major label Elektra Records, becoming the first desert rock band to achieve international success. Bjork was a creative force in Kyuss, contributing a substantial portion of the bands songwriting. In 1994, Bjork left the following the release of Welcome to Sky Valley. Josh and I were the force of Kyuss. We had a deep understanding of the need for each other in getting the band to exist musically. At the time of Sky Valley, I was young, probably about 19 or 20, I exercised that with Blues for the Red Sun, but when it came time for Sky Valley, there was a conflict in direction between Josh and I. That never really happened before, and I didnt know how to handle it, after leaving Kyuss, Bjork would go on to play with several different bands, as well as founding the independent label El Camino Records. Through his label, Bjork would release albums that he was involved in, such as hardcore punk band De-Cons 1995 album Balls for Days. Bjork would also release and produce stoner rock band Solarfeasts 1995 debut Gossamer, Bjork would later go on to join former Kyuss bandmate, Josh Homme, in his Palm Desert musical collective series, The Desert Sessions. Bjork briefly moved to Santa Cruz to play guitar for punk band LAB in 1997, playing on their 1997 release. He would also play guitar for Fatso Jetson during 1997–1998, including on their 1998 Jailbreak 7 split EP with stoner rock band Fu Manchu, Bjork was playing with another former member of Kyuss, Nick Oliveri, in Oliveris metal band Mondo Generator. Joining in 1997, Bjorks drumming would feature on the 2000 LP Cocaine Rodeo, and he would tour with the band until leaving in 2004. Having produced their debut album No One Rides for Free in 1994, Bjork would continue to play on every Fu Manchu recording until his departure following the release of 2001s California Crossing, including the LPs Eatin Dust and King of the Road. Bjork began recording his first solo album, 1999s Jalamanta, in February of that year, Bjork performed all instruments, including guitar and vocals
17.
Blues for the Red Sun
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Blues for the Red Sun is the second studio album by American rock band Kyuss, released in 1992. While the album received favorable reviews, it fared poorly commercially. It has since become an influential album within the stoner rock genre. It was the last Kyuss album to feature bassist Nick Oliveri, Reeder had previously played with The Obsessed. In support of the album, Kyuss went on tour with such established groups as Faith No More, White Zombie, in early 1993, the band was chosen by Metallica to be an opening act for nine shows in Australia. Aside from their first show with Metallica, the only used half the P. A. system for the other eight concerts. The music videos for the songs Green Machine and Thong Song received moderate rotation on MTVs Headbangers Ball, the album also received airplay on such album-oriented radio stations as KNAC, KISW, WYSP, and KIOZ. The album was released by the independent record label, Dali and it ended up selling only 39,000 copies. Blues for the Red Sun incorporates acid rock, grunge, psychedelic rock, space rock, and doom metal, and has compared to such acts as Black Sabbath, Hawkwind, Blue Cheer. The album is considered a pioneer to the metal genre. Daniel Bukszpan, the author of The Encyclopedia of Heavy Metal, has written that the album has influenced countless bands, many consider Blues for the Red Sun the template for 21st-century bands that have followed in the pioneering wake of Kyuss. Martin Popoff similarly credits the band with the creation of a core sample of stoner rock. Credited the album for opening the way for bands like Monster Magnet, other fans of the album include Dave Grohl and Metallica. Steve Taylor, the author of A to X of Alternative Music, wrote that, in comparison to the music, lyrics cant really compete, rolling Stone described the lyrics of Thong Song — a song about flip-flops — as deathless. Guitarist Josh Homme plugged down-tuned guitars into bass amplifiers for the featured on the album. Wah-wah pedals were used by Homme on Blues for the Red Sun. Wayne Robins of Newsday described Hommes riffs as post-Hendrix guitar flurries, several of the songs on Blues for the Red Sun have slow tempos and groove-laden rhythms. Green Machine features a guitar solo, and the album features several instrumental tracks
18.
Germany
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Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a federal parliamentary republic in central-western Europe. It includes 16 constituent states, covers an area of 357,021 square kilometres, with about 82 million inhabitants, Germany is the most populous member state of the European Union. After the United States, it is the second most popular destination in the world. Germanys capital and largest metropolis is Berlin, while its largest conurbation is the Ruhr, other major cities include Hamburg, Munich, Cologne, Frankfurt, Stuttgart, Düsseldorf and Leipzig. Various Germanic tribes have inhabited the northern parts of modern Germany since classical antiquity, a region named Germania was documented before 100 AD. During the Migration Period the Germanic tribes expanded southward, beginning in the 10th century, German territories formed a central part of the Holy Roman Empire. During the 16th century, northern German regions became the centre of the Protestant Reformation, in 1871, Germany became a nation state when most of the German states unified into the Prussian-dominated German Empire. After World War I and the German Revolution of 1918–1919, the Empire was replaced by the parliamentary Weimar Republic, the establishment of the national socialist dictatorship in 1933 led to World War II and the Holocaust. After a period of Allied occupation, two German states were founded, the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic, in 1990, the country was reunified. In the 21st century, Germany is a power and has the worlds fourth-largest economy by nominal GDP. As a global leader in industrial and technological sectors, it is both the worlds third-largest exporter and importer of goods. Germany is a country with a very high standard of living sustained by a skilled. It upholds a social security and universal health system, environmental protection. Germany was a member of the European Economic Community in 1957. It is part of the Schengen Area, and became a co-founder of the Eurozone in 1999, Germany is a member of the United Nations, NATO, the G8, the G20, and the OECD. The national military expenditure is the 9th highest in the world, the English word Germany derives from the Latin Germania, which came into use after Julius Caesar adopted it for the peoples east of the Rhine. This in turn descends from Proto-Germanic *þiudiskaz popular, derived from *þeudō, descended from Proto-Indo-European *tewtéh₂- people, the discovery of the Mauer 1 mandible shows that ancient humans were present in Germany at least 600,000 years ago. The oldest complete hunting weapons found anywhere in the world were discovered in a mine in Schöningen where three 380, 000-year-old wooden javelins were unearthed
19.
Nirvana (band)
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Nirvana was an American rock band formed by singer and guitarist Kurt Cobain and bassist Krist Novoselic in Aberdeen, Washington, in 1987. Nirvana went through a succession of drummers, the longest-lasting being Dave Grohl, despite releasing only three full-length studio albums in their seven-year career, Nirvana has come to be regarded as one of the most influential and important alternative bands in history. Though the band dissolved in 1994 after the suicide of Cobain, their music maintains a following and continues to influence modern rock. In the late 1980s, Nirvana established itself as part of the Seattle grunge scene, releasing its first album, Bleach and they developed a sound that relied on dynamic contrasts, often between quiet verses and loud, heavy choruses. After signing to major label DGC Records, Nirvana found unexpected success with Smells Like Teen Spirit, Nirvanas third studio album, In Utero, released to critical acclaim, featured an abrasive, less mainstream sound and challenged the groups audience. Nirvanas active career ended following the death of Cobain in 1994, but various posthumous releases have been issued since, overseen by Novoselic, Grohl, and Cobains widow Courtney Love. Since its debut, the band has sold over 25 million records in the United States alone, Nirvana was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2014, in its first year of eligibility. Cobain and Novoselic met while attending Aberdeen High, although they never connected, the pair eventually became friends while frequenting the practice space of the Melvins. Cobain wanted to form a band with Novoselic, but Novoselic did not respond for a period of time. In persuading Novoselic to form a band, Cobain gave him a tape of his project Fecal Matter. Three years after the two first met, Novoselic notified Cobain that he had listened to the Fecal Matter demo. The pair recruited Bob McFadden on drums, but after a month the project fell apart, in early 1987, Cobain and Novoselic recruited drummer Aaron Burckhard. The three practiced material from Cobains Fecal Matter tape but started writing new material soon after forming, during its initial months, the band went through a series of names, starting with Skid Row and including Pen Cap Chew, Bliss, and Ted Ed Fred. The group finally settled on Nirvana, which Cobain said was chosen because I wanted a name that was kind of beautiful or nice and pretty instead of a mean, raunchy punk name like the Angry Samoans. With Novoselic and Cobain having moved to Tacoma and Olympia, Washington, respectively, the pair instead practiced with Dale Crover of the Melvins, and Nirvana recorded its first demos in January 1988. In early 1988, Crover moved to San Francisco but recommended Dave Foster to the band as his replacement on drums, Cobain and Novoselic put an ad in Seattle music publication The Rocket seeking a replacement drummer, which only yielded unsatisfactory responses. Meanwhile, a friend introduced them to Chad Channing. Channing continued to jam with Cobain and Novoselic, although the drummer noted, They never actually said okay, youre in, Nirvana released its first single, a cover of Shocking Blues Love Buzz, in November 1988 on the Seattle independent record label Sub Pop
20.
Dave Grohl
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David Eric Dave Grohl is an American rock musician, multi-instrumentalist, singer, songwriter, director and producer. Grohl is the drummer and co-founder of the rock supergroup Them Crooked Vultures and he additionally wrote all the music and performed all the instruments for his short-lived side projects Late. and Probot. He has been involved with the rock band Queens of the Stone Age many times throughout the past decade, David Eric Grohl was born in Warren, Ohio, the son of Virginia Jean, a teacher, and James Harper Grohl, at the time a newswriter. He has Slovak, German, and Irish ancestry, when he was a child, Grohls family moved from Warren, to Springfield, Virginia. When Grohl was seven, his parents divorced, and he grew up with his mother. At the age of twelve, Grohl began learning to play guitar and he grew tired of lessons and instead taught himself, and he eventually began playing in bands with friends. A year later, Grohl and his sister spent the summer in Evanston, Illinois, tracy introduced them to punk rock by taking the pair to shows by a variety of punk bands. His first concert was Naked Raygun at The Cubby Bear in Chicago in 1982 when he was 13 years old, from then on we were totally punk, Grohl recalled. We went home and bought Maximumrocknroll and tried to figure it all out, in Virginia, Grohl attended Thomas Jefferson High School as a freshman. Grohls mother decided that he should transfer to Bishop Ireton High School in Alexandria because his cannabis use was affecting his grades and he stayed there two years, beginning with a repeat of first year. After his second year, he transferred yet again, to Annandale High School, while in high school, Grohl played in several local bands, including a stint as guitarist in a band called Freak Baby. It was during this period that Grohl taught himself to play drums, when Freak Baby kicked out its bass player, Grohl decided to switch to drums, and the reconstituted band renamed themselves Mission Impossible. During his developing years as a drummer, Grohl cited John Bonham as his greatest influence, Mission Impossible later rebranded themselves Fast before breaking up, after which Grohl joined the post-punk-influenced hardcore punk band Dain Bramage. Many of Grohls early influences were gained at the 9,30 club, I went to the 9,30 club hundreds of times. I was always so excited to get there, and I was always bummed when it closed, I spent my teenage years at the club and saw some shows that changed my life. Grohl said in an interview with The Guardian, They dont understand that when I was 15 and had Zen Arcade, for me to do anything else for the sole reason of doing something different would be so contrived. At the age of seventeen, Grohl auditioned with local DC favorites Scream to fill the left by the departure of drummer Kent Stax. In order to be considered for the position, Grohl lied about his age, to Grohls surprise, the band asked him to join
21.
Krist Novoselic
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Krist Anthony Novoselic is an American rock musician, and was the bass guitarist and member of the grunge band Nirvana. After Nirvana disbanded following the death of Kurt Cobain in 1994, Novoselic formed Sweet 75 and Eyes Adrift, releasing one album with each band. From 2006 to 2009 he played in the punk band Flipper, apart from his musical endeavors, Novoselic has been active politically, including the creation of the political action committee JAMPAC. From 2007 through 2010 he wrote a column on music. Since 2008 Novoselic has been chair of the electoral reform organization FairVote. Krist Anthony Novoselic was born to Croatian immigrant parents, Krsto and Maria, in Compton and he lived there for one year before his parents moved to the Croatian neighborhood of San Pedro, where he remained for most of his childhood. Novoselic has a younger brother Robert, born in 1968 and his sister Diana was born in 1973. His family moved to Aberdeen, Washington in 1979, because of rising property prices in California, in 1980, his parents sent him to live with relatives in Zadar, Croatia, then part of SFR Yugoslavia. Novoselic returned to Aberdeen in 1981, Novoselic was already interested in hard rock bands such as Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath, The Who, Van Halen, and Aerosmith. He also enjoyed listening to Yugoslavian bands such as Zabranjeno Pušenje, Prljavo kazalište, while in Yugoslavia, he picked up an interest in punk rock, and discovered bands such as the Sex Pistols and Ramones. He has cited Paul McCartney, Geezer Butler, John Entwistle, sometime later, Novoselics brother Robert introduced him to his friend Kurt Cobain, who had noticed loud music coming from upstairs. Robert told Cobain that it was his brother, who listened to punk rock. Cobain eventually befriended the older Novoselic, as the pair ended up sharing similar musical tastes, the two had several mutual friends and began hanging out shortly thereafter. At one point, Cobain gave Novoselic a demo tape of his former band Fecal Matter, after several months, Novoselic finally listened to the tape, liked it, and agreed to start a band with Cobain. Cobain and Novoselics first band lasted barely a few weeks before it disbanded, however, the duo eventually discovered that Melvins could pull $80 a night for one show. Inspired, Cobain and Novoselic started a Creedence Clearwater Revival cover band, in which Cobain played drums and Novoselic sang and that band was short-lived as well. Some months later, Cobain and Novoselic met drummer Aaron Burckhard, while the new band never used the name, it was the first incarnation of Nirvana. Burckhard lasted only a few months and Melvins drummer Dale Crover filled in until Novoselic, the trio recorded their debut album Bleach, released in 1989
22.
Kurt Cobain
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Kurt Donald Cobain was an American musician, artist, songwriter, guitarist and poet. Born in Aberdeen, Washington, Cobain formed the band Nirvana with Krist Novoselic in 1987 and established it as part of the Seattle music scene, Nirvanas debut album Bleach was released on the independent record label Sub Pop in 1989. After signing with major label DGC Records, the band found success with Smells Like Teen Spirit from their second album Nevermind. Following the success of Nevermind, Nirvana was labeled the band of Generation X. During the last years of his life, Cobain struggled with addiction, chronic health problems. He also had difficulty coping with his fame and public image, on April 8,1994, Cobain was found dead at his home in Seattle, the victim of what was officially ruled a suicide by a self-inflicted shotgun wound to the head. The circumstances of his death at age 27 have become a topic of public fascination, since their debut, Nirvana, with Cobain as a songwriter, has sold over 25 million albums in the U. S. and over 75 million worldwide. Cobain was posthumously inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2014, along with Nirvana bandmates Krist Novoselic and Dave Grohl, Cobain was born at Grays Harbor Hospital in Aberdeen, Washington, the son of waitress Wendy Elizabeth and automotive mechanic Donald Leland Cobain. His parents were married on July 31,1965 in Coeur dAlene and his ancestry included Dutch, English, French, German, Irish, and Scottish. His Irish ancestors migrated from Carrickmore, County Tyrone in 1875, researchers found that they were shoemakers, originally named Cobane, who came from Inishatieve, a townland within Carrickmore. As migrants, they first settled in Cornwall, Ontario, Canada, Cobain himself believed his family came from County Cork. His younger sister, Kimberly, was born on April 24,1970, Cobains family had a musical background. Kurt was described as being a happy and excitable child, who also exhibited sensitivity and care. His talent as an artist was evident from an age, as he would draw his favorite characters from films and cartoons, such as the Creature from the Black Lagoon and Donald Duck. This enthusiasm was encouraged by his grandmother, Iris Cobain, who was a professional artist, Cobain began developing an interest in music early in life. According to his aunt Mari, he began singing at the age of two, at age four, he started playing the piano and singing, writing a song about a trip to a local park. When Cobain was nine years old, his parents divorced and he later said that the divorce had a profound effect on his life, while his mother noted that his personality changed dramatically, Cobain became defiant and withdrawn. In a 1993 interview, he elaborated, Cobains parents both found new partners after the divorce, although his father had promised not to remarry, after meeting Jenny Westeby, he did, to Kurts dismay
23.
Need for Speed: Carbon
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Need for Speed, Carbon is a racing video game in the Need for Speed series, the sequel to Need for Speed, Most Wanted. In 2009, a version of Own the City was also released on the Zeebo as a pre-installed game, the gameplay is similar to Need for Speed, Most Wanted and Underground 2, but based upon rival street racing crews instead of individuals. Players run a crew and can hire specific street racers to be in their crew, each employable street racer has two skills, a racing skill and a non-race skill. Each skill has different properties from finding hidden alleys/back streets to reducing police attention, cars driven by the wingmen are also different, blockers drive muscles, drafters drive exotics and scouts drive tuners. Car classes are Tuners, Muscles, and Exotics, and are associated with their own borough, players must choose a class when starting Career Mode, which will be permanent throughout the career. Each choice starts in a different district, with corresponding initial car choices, players may ultimately choose from any class of car, and can also unlock cars that are reserved for Quick Races as they earn Reward Cards. In Career Mode, races cannot be redone for the purse, if won. It is necessary for players to plan carefully which cars they will buy and upgrade, There are phone calls, texts and emails to go along with the storyline. Winning races causes new races to show up on the map, All gameplay takes place at night. As in Most Wanted the player can use Nitrous and Speedbreaker, gameplay control methods vary from console to console. The PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 control steering through the pad, while acceleration, braking. The Driving Force GT and G27 racing wheels can be used, and this is the first Need For Speed title to implement force-feedback, on Windows, joysticks and wheel controllers are supported, as well as those that support force feedback. The Wii lacks online play, but fully supports the use of the Wii Remote, NFS Carbon was the first NFS game to feature online exclusive game modes. Players can upload in-game screenshots to the Need for Speed website, complete with stats, the Pursuit Knockout and Pursuit Tag game modes are modes that allow the player to play as either a racer or a cop. Pursuit Knockout is essentially a lap knockout with a twist, the racers that are knocked out of the race come back as cops and it’s their job to try to stop the other racers from finishing the race through any means necessary. The player that finishes the race wins, Pursuit Tag begins with one player as a racer and the rest of the players as cops. It is the job to arrest the racer. The cop that makes the arrest then turns into a racer and has to try to avoid the cops, the player who spends the most time as a racer wins
24.
Singing
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Singing is the act of producing musical sounds with the voice, and augments regular speech by the use of sustained tonality, rhythm, and a variety of vocal techniques. A person who sings is called a singer or vocalist, Singers perform music that can be sung with or without accompaniment by musical instruments. Singing is often done in an ensemble of musicians, such as a choir of singers or a band of instrumentalists, Singers may perform as soloists, or accompanied by anything from a single instrument up to a symphony orchestra or big band. Singing can be formal or informal, arranged or improvised and it may be done as a form of religious devotion, as a hobby, as a source of pleasure, comfort, or ritual, as part of music education, or as a profession. Excellence in singing requires time, dedication, instruction, and regular practice, if practice is done on a regular basis then the sounds can become more clear and strong. Professional singers usually build their careers around one specific genre, such as classical or rock. They typically take voice training provided by teachers or vocal coaches throughout their careers. Though these four mechanisms function independently, they are coordinated in the establishment of a vocal technique and are made to interact upon one another. During passive breathing, air is inhaled with the diaphragm while exhalation occurs without any effort, exhalation may be aided by the abdominal, internal intercostal and lower pelvis/pelvic muscles. Inhalation is aided by use of external intercostals, scalenes and sternocleidomastoid muscles, the pitch is altered with the vocal cords. With the lips closed, this is called humming, humans have vocal folds which can loosen, tighten, or change their thickness, and over which breath can be transferred at varying pressures. The shape of the chest and neck, the position of the tongue, any one of these actions results in a change in pitch, volume, timbre, or tone of the sound produced. Sound also resonates within different parts of the body and an individuals size, Singers can also learn to project sound in certain ways so that it resonates better within their vocal tract. This is known as vocal resonation, another major influence on vocal sound and production is the function of the larynx which people can manipulate in different ways to produce different sounds. These different kinds of function are described as different kinds of vocal registers. The primary method for singers to accomplish this is through the use of the Singers Formant and it has also been shown that a more powerful voice may be achieved with a fatter and fluid-like vocal fold mucosa. The more pliable the mucosa, the more efficient the transfer of energy from the airflow to the vocal folds, Vocal registration refers to the system of vocal registers within the voice. A register in the voice is a series of tones, produced in the same vibratory pattern of the vocal folds
25.
Guitar
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The guitar is a musical instrument classified as a fretted string instrument with anywhere from four to 18 strings, usually having six. The sound is projected either acoustically, using a wooden or plastic and wood box, or through electrical amplifier. It is typically played by strumming or plucking the strings with the fingers, the guitar is a type of chordophone, traditionally constructed from wood and strung with either gut, nylon or steel strings and distinguished from other chordophones by its construction and tuning. There are three types of modern acoustic guitar, the classical guitar, the steel-string acoustic guitar, and the archtop guitar. The tone of a guitar is produced by the strings vibration, amplified by the hollow body of the guitar. The term finger-picking can also refer to a tradition of folk, blues, bluegrass. The acoustic bass guitar is an instrument that is one octave below a regular guitar. Early amplified guitars employed a body, but a solid wood body was eventually found more suitable during the 1960s and 1970s. As with acoustic guitars, there are a number of types of guitars, including hollowbody guitars, archtop guitars and solid-body guitars. The electric guitar has had a influence on popular culture. The guitar is used in a variety of musical genres worldwide. It is recognized as an instrument in genres such as blues, bluegrass, country, flamenco, folk, jazz, jota, mariachi, metal, punk, reggae, rock, soul. The term is used to refer to a number of chordophones that were developed and used across Europe, beginning in the 12th century and, later, in the Americas. The modern word guitar, and its antecedents, has applied to a wide variety of chordophones since classical times. Many influences are cited as antecedents to the modern guitar, at least two instruments called guitars were in use in Spain by 1200, the guitarra latina and the so-called guitarra morisca. The guitarra morisca had a back, wide fingerboard. The guitarra Latina had a sound hole and a narrower neck. By the 14th century the qualifiers moresca or morisca and latina had been dropped, and it had six courses, lute-like tuning in fourths and a guitar-like body, although early representations reveal an instrument with a sharply cut waist
26.
Bass guitar
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The bass guitar is a stringed instrument played primarily with the fingers or thumb, by plucking, slapping, popping, strumming, tapping, thumping, or picking with a plectrum, often known as a pick. The bass guitar is similar in appearance and construction to a guitar, but with a longer neck and scale length. The four-string bass, by far the most common, is tuned the same as the double bass. The bass guitar is an instrument, as it is notated in bass clef an octave higher than it sounds to avoid excessive ledger lines. Like the electric guitar, the guitar has pickups and it is plugged into an amplifier and speaker on stage, or into a larger PA system using a DI unit. Since the 1960s, the guitar has largely replaced the double bass in popular music as the bass instrument in the rhythm section. While types of basslines vary widely from one style of music to another, many styles of music utilise the bass guitar, including rock, heavy metal, pop, punk rock, country, reggae, gospel, blues, symphonic rock, and jazz. It is often a solo instrument in jazz, jazz fusion, Latin, funk, progressive rock and other rock, the adoption of a guitar form made the instrument easier to hold and transport than any of the existing stringed bass instruments. The addition of frets enabled bassists to play in more easily than on acoustic or electric upright basses. Around 100 of these instruments were made during this period, around 1947, Tutmarcs son, Bud, began marketing a similar bass under the Serenader brand name, prominently advertised in the nationally distributed L. D. Heater Music Company wholesale jobber catalogue of 1948, however, the Tutmarc family inventions did not achieve market success. In the 1950s, Leo Fender, with the help of his employee George Fullerton and his Fender Precision Bass, which began production in October 1951, became a widely copied industry standard. This split pickup, introduced in 1957, appears to have been two mandolin pickups, the pole pieces and leads of the coils were reversed with respect to each other, producing a humbucking effect. Humbucking is a design that electrically cancels the effect of any AC hum, the Fender Bass was a revolutionary new instrument, which could be easily transported, and which was less prone to feedback when amplified than acoustic bass instruments. Monk Montgomery was the first bass player to tour with the Fender bass guitar, roy Johnson, and Shifty Henry with Louis Jordan & His Tympany Five, were other early Fender bass pioneers. Bill Black, playing with Elvis Presley, switched from bass to the Fender Precision Bass around 1957. The bass guitar was intended to appeal to guitarists as well as upright bass players, following Fenders lead, in 1953, Gibson released the first short scale violin-shaped electric bass with extendable end pin, allowing it to be played upright or horizontally. In 1959 these were followed by the more conventional-looking EB-0 Bass, the EB-0 was very similar to a Gibson SG in appearance
27.
Drum kit
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A drum kit consists of a mix of drums and idiophones most significantly cymbals but also including the woodblock and cowbell. In the 2000s, some also include electronic instruments and both hybrid and entirely electronic kits are used. If some or all of them are replaced by electronic drums, the drum kit is usually played while seated on a drum stool or throne. The drum kit differs from instruments that can be used to produce pitched melodies or chords, even though drums are often placed musically alongside others that do, such as the piano or guitar. The drum kit is part of the rhythm section used in many types of popular and traditional music styles ranging from rock and pop to blues. Other standard instruments used in the section include the electric bass, electric guitar. Many drummers extend their kits from this pattern, adding more drums, more cymbals. Some performers, such as some rockabilly drummers, use small kits that omit elements from the basic setup, some drum kit players may have other roles in the band, such as providing backup vocals, or less commonly, lead vocals. Thus, in an early 1800s orchestra piece, if the called for bass drum, triangle and cymbals. In the 1840s, percussionists began to experiment with foot pedals as a way to them to play more than one instrument. In the 1860s, percussionists started combining multiple drums into a set, the bass drum, snare drum, cymbals, and other percussion instruments were all played using hand-held drum sticks. Double-drumming was developed to one person to play the bass and snare with sticks. With this approach, the drum was usually played on beats one. This resulted in a swing and dance feel. The drum set was referred to as a trap set. By the 1870s, drummers were using an overhang pedal, most drummers in the 1870s preferred to do double drumming without any pedal to play multiple drums, rather than use an overhang pedal. Companies patented their pedal systems such as Dee Dee Chandler of New Orleans 1904–05, liberating the hands for the first time, this evolution saw the bass drum played with the foot of a standing percussionist. The bass drum became the central piece around which every other percussion instrument would later revolve and it was the golden age of drum building for many famous drum companies, with Ludwig introducing
28.
Audio engineer
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An audio engineer works on the recording, manipulating the record using equalization and electronic effects, mixing, reproduction, and reinforcement of sound. Audio engineers work on the. technical aspect of recording—the placing of microphones, pre-amp knobs, the physical recording of any project is done by an engineer. Many audio engineers creatively use technologies to produce sound for film, radio, television, music, electronic products and computer games. Audio engineers also set up, sound check and do live sound mixing using an audio console, research and development audio engineers invent new technologies, equipment and techniques, to enhance the process and art of audio engineering. They might also be referred to as acoustic engineers, audio engineers in research and development usually possess a bachelors degree, masters degree or higher qualification in acoustics, physics, computer science or another engineering discipline. They might work in consultancy, specializing in architectural acoustics. Alternatively they might work in companies, or other industries that need audio expertise. Some positions, such as faculty require a Doctor of Philosophy, in Germany a Toningenieur is an audio engineer who designs, builds and repairs audio systems. The listed subdisciplines are based on PACS coding used by the Acoustical Society of America with some revision, audio engineers develop algorithms to allow the electronic manipulation of audio signals. These can be processed at the heart of audio production such as reverberation. Alternatively, the algorithms might carry out echo cancellation on Skype, or identify, architectural acoustics is the science and engineering of achieving a good sound within a room. For audio engineers, architectural acoustics can be about achieving good speech intelligibility in a stadium or enhancing the quality of music in a theatre, architectural Acoustic design is usually done by acoustic consultants. Electroacoustics is concerned with the design of headphones, microphones, loudspeakers, sound reproduction systems, examples of electroacoustic design include portable electronic devices, sound systems in architectural acoustics, surround sound in movie theater and vehicle audio. Musical acoustics is concerned with researching and describing the science of music, in audio engineering, this includes the design of electronic instruments such as synthesizers, the human voice, computer analysis of audio, music therapy, and the perception and cognition of music. Psychoacoustics is the study of how humans respond to what they hear. At the heart of audio engineering are listeners who are the final arbitrator as to whether a design is successful. The production, computer processing and perception of speech is an important part of audio engineering, ensuring speech is transmitted intelligibly, efficiently and with high quality, in rooms, through public address systems and through mobile telephone systems are important areas of study. Producer, engineer, and mixer Phil Ek has described audio engineering as the aspect of recording—the placing of microphones, the turning of pre-amp knobs
29.
Mixing engineer
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A mixing engineer is a person responsible for combining the different sonic elements of a piece of recorded music into a final version of a song. He or she mixes the elements of a piece together to achieve a good balance of volume, while at the same time deciding other properties such as pan positioning, effects. The best mixing professionals typically have many years of experience and training with audio equipment, a mixing engineer occupies a space between artist and scientist, using their skill at assessing the harmonic structure of sound to enable them to fashion highly appealing timbres. Their work is found in all music, but many artists now mix and produce their own music with a digital audio workstation. A more technical definition, an engineer in sound recording, audio editing and sound systems who balances the relative volume. Typically, these sources are the different musical instruments in a band or vocalists. Mixing Engineers are sometimes formally trained in a background. A degree in music can help and broaden the engineers credentials, the mixing ear comes from years of observing all kinds of sounds, frequencies, and variations of effects and filters, through the process of trial and error. They show up well after the artists or session musicians are done recording and their job consists of balancing the relative impact of each audio stream, by putting them through effects processors, and having the right amount of each. Removing conflicting frequencies from 250–800 Hz is crucial, where interference, cuts in this area can help with artificial sounding brightness. By boosting frequencies below this range, one can give more fullness. Above this, boost can gives voices presence, but only if they do not overlap with another voices more prominent higher harmonics, key in removing mud is making the proper boosts higher up, to replace brightness lost when cutting shared frequencies. A spectrum analyzer can help in viewing harmonic structure of voices, every mixer approaches the challenge of equalization differently, as everyone has a slightly different psychoacoustic perception of sound, and different levels of physical hearing loss. Dynamic range compression-Compression reduces the range between a signals lowest low and highest high, the threshold controls how much of the top is cut off. By adjusting attack and release settings, and having the right ratio, one can give a track more presence, by setting the trigger to another audio source, called side-chaining, higher levels of compression, and even hard clipping to a very small degree. This is often used in music, however the effect is very artificial, really only good for one kind of pumping. Panning- settings spread the field out, which can create space for voices otherwise lacking. Stereo playback will result in different frequency response then the signal
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Nick Oliveri
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Nick Steven Oliveri is an American multi-instrumentalist, singer and songwriter from Palm Desert, California. He is best known as the bass guitarist of the hard rock band Queens of the Stone Age. Oliveri has also been a member of Kyuss, Dwarves and Vista Chino, Oliveri is currently the frontman of his project, Mondo Generator, a punk and metal hybrid that he formed in 1997. Nick Steven Oliveri was born in Los Angeles on October 21,1971 and his first instrument was a guitar but later moved to bass. His major influences were Kiss, Black Sabbath, Ramones, Rush and he began his career in 1987 with John Garcia, Brant Bjork, Josh Homme and Chris Cockrell under the band name Katzenjammer. In early 1989, after Oliveris departure to play in other bands and he later rejoined the band, playing on the albums Wretch and Blues for the Red Sun. Oliveri would leave Kyuss again in early 1992, shortly after his father died in a car accident, following his departure from Kyuss he joined The Dwarves as an on again off again bassist under the moniker Rex Everything. However he is perhaps best known as a member of Queens of the Stone Age from 1998 to 2004. T. C. in the past he has been involved with The Desert Sessions Vol.4 and Vol.6. Oliveri is known for playing bare chested and sometimes naked at gigs, most memorably, he was arrested in Brazil, after performing nude on stage at the Rock in Rio festival in Rio de Janeiro. He is also one half of the acoustic duo The Uncontrollable and he first appeared on the bands self titled debut album in the form of a voicemail confirming his commitment to the band on the albums final song, I Was a Teenage Hand Model. Since his firing from Queens of the Stone Age, Nick has both toured and appeared on-stage with Brant Bjork, Motörhead, Winnebago Deal, Masters of Reality, The Dwarves, Mark Lanegan and Turbonegro. He also recorded an acoustic LP entitled Demolition Day that was released as a second disk in a limited edition of Mondo Generators latest album, Dead Planet. Although now concentrating on the Mondo Generator project, in September 2006 Oliveri stated I feel that Queens is something I can contribute to and needs me to do it. As of April 2007, Mondo Generator was scheduled to appear on the 12th annual Ozzfest tour, Oliveri stated, We cant keep on touring for free. My bands not free, its costing me, in early 2008, Nick joined a West Coast offshoot of Moistboyz dubbed Dickie Moist OTC, on bass. In June 2008, Nick joined Los Angeles-based rock band, The Knives, the bands performance at the Øyafestivalen was a 10th Anniversary celebration of their critically hailed album, Apocalypse Dudes. Nick Oliveri appears on Slash, Slashs first solo album and he sings the song Chains and Shackles. In 2010, Oliveri announced that he is now in a new as yet unnamed band with Euroboy and Happy-Tom of Turbonegro, as well as Tommy Akerholdt from Serena-Maneesh
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Wretch (album)
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Wretch is the first full-length album by American rock band Kyuss, released in September 1991 on Dali Records. The Sons of Kyuss songs Love Has Passed Me By, Katzenjammer, and Isolation Desolation were re-recorded for Wretch, writing credits adapted from the albums liner notes. Credits adapted from the liner notes. B
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Sons of Kyuss (EP)
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Sons of Kyuss is the debut EP by American rock band Kyuss, released in 1990 under the groups original name, Sons of Kyuss. The band released it independently as a record, pressing only 500 copies. The EPs liner notes credit the writing of all songs to Sons of Kyuss, consisting of John Garcia, Josh Homme, Chris Cockrell, credits adapted from the EPs liner notes
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Vista Chino
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Vista Chino is an American rock band, formed in 2010 by vocalist John Garcia, drummer Brant Bjork and bassist Nick Oliveri, all previously members of Kyuss, along with guitarist Bruno Fevery. The band formed under the name Kyuss Lives. as a short-lived venture touring the music of the original Kyuss, in 2012, the band announced plans to continue touring indefinitely and begin work on a studio album using the Kyuss Lives. However, a lawsuit by fellow Kyuss members Josh Homme and Scott Reeder prohibited use of the Kyuss Lives, moniker for recordings, prompting the band to rename themselves Vista Chino. After a tour and one album, Peace, Vista Chino became inactive in 2014 when Garcia, in 2010, a European John Garcia plays Kyuss tour was announced, starting with a gig at Roadburn Festival. His backing-band was composed of Belgian and Dutch musicians from Agua de Annique, Kong, Celestial Season, the setlists were almost exclusively Kyuss songs. In November 2010, Garcia, Oliveri and Bjork announced a European tour under the moniker Kyuss Lives. with Bruno Fevery serving as the bands guitarist. In reference to the new name, Garcia stated that there is never going to be a Kyuss without Josh Homme. They toured Australia and New Zealand in May and they toured Europe in June 2011 and announced a North and South America tour for late Summer and Fall,2011, with Scott Reeder playing many dates outside of the US. The tour wrapped up on New Years Eve 2011 at Cherry Colas Rock n Rolla Cabaret and Lounge, Toronto, Ontario, Kyuss Lives. planned to record a new studio album for a summer 2012 release. Nick Oliveri left Kyuss later that month, stating managerial issues and was replaced by Billy Cordell and that is why the band was short-lived. Josh and I were the force within the band and after the completion of our second record, Blues for the Red Sun, we developed an opposing view on how the band should exist. In 1992 Josh discovered publishing, which is the revenue stream for songwriting. After that, he wanted to write all the songs, as a drummer I couldnt make him play my songs. I wasnt going to compromise my heart and soul and play drums for Josh to make money in a band I started, I was a confused, angry and sad 19-year-old idealist who sacrificed my love of my band for what I believed in. Two-and-a-half years later, Josh would break up the band after John confronted him about the same thing, moniker and encouraging them re-brand under a new name. However, the band scored a victory as the court ruling permitted the band to use the Kyuss Lives. Name and logo for performances and promotional materials, provided the words Kyuss, the band renamed themselves in response. In November 2012, Nick Oliveri announced that he would be rejoining Kyuss Lives, played their final performances under that name at the Soundwave Festivals in 2013
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Queens of the Stone Age
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Queens of the Stone Age is an American rock band from Palm Desert, California, United States, formed in 1996. The bands line-up includes founder Josh Homme, alongside longtime members Troy Van Leeuwen, Michael Shuman, Dean Fertita, formed after the dissolution of Hommes previous band, Kyuss, Queens of the Stone Age developed a style of riff-oriented, heavy rock music. Their sound has evolved to incorporate a variety of different styles and influences, including working with ZZ Top member Billy Gibbons. After the breakup of his previous band, Kyuss, in 1995, Josh Homme briefly joined Screaming Trees as a touring guitarist, before deciding to form a new band, in 1996 they released the eponymous Gamma Ray EP, featuring Born to Hula and If Only Everything. The EP featured Matt Cameron of Soundgarden and Pearl Jam, Van Conner from Screaming Trees, Gamma Ray changed their name in 1997 after the German power metal band Gamma Ray threatened to sue. The name Queens of the Stone Age came from a given to Kyuss by their producer Chris Goss. Homme said of the name, Kings would be too macho, the Kings of the Stone Age wear armor and have axes and wrestle. The Queens of the Stone Age hang out with the Kings of the Stone Ages girlfriends when they wrestle, Rock should be heavy enough for the boys and sweet enough for the girls. That way everyones happy and its more of a party, Kings of the Stone Age is too lopsided. The first release under the Queens of the Stone Age name was the song 18 A. D. released on the compilation album Burn One Up, music for Stoners which featured members of the Dutch stoner rock band Beaver. The bands first live appearance was on November 20,1997, at OK Hotel in Seattle, Washington, with Cameron on drums, Mike Johnson of Dinosaur Jr. on bass and John McBain of Monster Magnet on guitar. Queens of the Stone Age released their debut in 1998 on Stone Gossards and Regan Hagars label Loosegroove Records. Homme played guitar and bass on the album, Alfredo Hernández on the drums, Homme reportedly asked Screaming Trees vocalist Mark Lanegan to appear on the record, but he was unable due to other commitments. Soon after the sessions were finished for the album, former Kyuss bassist Nick Oliveri joined. Guitarist Dave Catching joined shortly after, from this point forward, the bands line-up would change frequently, by the time their second album was being recorded, Hernández was no longer in the band. The success of the record earned the band notable opening slots with The Smashing Pumpkins, Foo Fighters, Hole. It was during this time that Homme stated, Theres a robotic element to our albums and we also wanted to do a record that had a lot of dynamic range. We wanted to set it up in this band so we could play anything and we dont want to get roped in by our own music
