Pattern 1914 Enfield
The Rifle.303 Pattern 1914 was a British service rifle of the First World War period. A bolt action weapon with an integral 5-round magazine, it was principally contract manufactured by companies in the United States, it served as a sniper rifle and as second line and reserve issue until being declared obsolete in 1947. The Pattern 1914 Enfield was the successor to the Pattern 1913 Enfield experimental rifle and the predecessor of the U. S. Rifle M1917 Enfield. During the Boer War the British were faced with accurate long-range fire from Mauser rifles, model 1893 and 1895, in 7×57mm caliber; this smaller, high-velocity round prompted the War Department to develop their own "magnum" round, the.276 Enfield, in 1910. An advanced new rifle using a modified Mauser M98-pattern action was built to fire it, the Pattern 1913 Enfield; the primary contractor was unable to produce more than a handful of rifles, so the P14 became a de facto afterthought. The Short, Magazine Lee–Enfield therefore remained the standard British rifle during World War I and beyond.
The need for additional small arms combined with a shortage of spare industrial capacity led the British government to contract with United States commercial arms manufacturers, Winchester and Eddystone to produce the P14 for the British before the US entered the war in 1917. Problems were encountered with specifications and shortage of machine tools and skilled workers, with the result that the first rifles were not accepted by British inspectors until February 1916. Shortly afterwards a modification was made to enlarge the bolt lugs and the rifle became the Mark I*. However, each factory produced differing parts, leading to interchangeability issues. Therefore, the official designation of the rifle was dependent upon its manufacturer: e.g. the Pattern 1914 Mk I W and Pattern 1914 Mk I* W is a Mk I or Mk I* of Winchester manufacture, R would be Remington, or E for Eddystone. The P14's principal combat use during World War I was as a sniper rifle, since it was found to be more accurate than the Short, Magazine Lee–Enfield, either in standard issue form or with modified "fine-adjustment" aperture rearsights designated Pattern 1914 Mk I W and Pattern 1914 Mk I* W or, from April 1918, Aldis Pattern 1918 telescopic sights designated Pattern 1914 Mk I* W.
Winchester manufactured 235,293 rifles, Remington manufactured 400,000 and Eddystone manufactured 600,000, totaling 1,235,293 rifles. When the U. S. entered World War I, the P14 was modified and standardized by the U. S. Ordnance Department and went into production at the same factories as had produced the P14, production of that rifle having ceased, as the Model of 1917. Sometimes called the M1917 Enfield, it was chambered for the standard US.30-06 Springfield cartridge and enjoyed some success as a complement for the Springfield M1903 rifles which were America's official standard issue, soon far surpassing the Springfield in total production and breadth of issue. In 1926 the Pattern 1914 Enfield was re-designated by the British military as the No3Mk1. Prior to and during World War II, the Pattern 1914 Enfield was used, after undergoing modification in Britain as a rearguard rifle; the modification consisted of armourers at the Weedon Royal Ordnance Depot or various other commercial companies inspecting the rifles, removing the volley sights and performing any necessary repair prior to issue.
Post Dunkirk and with the great loss of arms that the British forces endured in 1940 the No3Mk1 stock became a valued resource. The rifle was used again as a sniper rifle, the configuration being different from the World War I incarnation. Additionally, the US sent some M1917 Enfield rifles to the UK under Lend-Lease, though the different.30-06 Springfield chambering limited use and necessitated marking the rifles with a 2 inch wide red band around the stock. The Australian Army used some quantities of the sniper variant of the P14 during World War II. Once sufficient numbers were built up of the Short Magazine Lee–Enfields and No4’s the No3Mk1 were either relegated to equip the World War II British Home Guard or used as sniper rifles; some sniper rifles were used during the Korean War. The P14/No3Mk1 was declared obsolete in British service in 1947. Surplus P14s were sold throughout the Commonwealth Canada, New Zealand and South Africa, where they proved popular for full-bore target shooting, being sporterised for game shooting.
Adapting the design to fire the standard.303 British round led to the Rifle.303 Pattern 1914, a design fed from a five-round internal box magazine. With its prominent sight protection ears on the receiver, "dog-leg" bolt handle and "pot-belly" magazine, it was distinctive in appearance; the action was a Mauser design with some Lee–Enfield features and optimised for rapid fire, with the action cocking on closing, a feature valued by the British Army with its emphasis on riflemen trained for rapid fire, but less valued in other armies, such as the US or Germany, where cock-on-opening designs such as the M1903 Springfield and Gewehr 98 were preferred. Cock-on-opening actions became more difficult to operate when heated by
Remington Model 511 Scoremaster
The Remington Model 511 Scoremaster is a bolt-action rifle manufactured by Remington Arms from 1939 until 1963. The Model 511 has a 25-inch barrel, a one-piece hardwood stock, a blued metal finish. Model 511P The Model 511P had the same specs as the standard model but with a patridge-type blade front sight and a "point-crometer" peep rear sight. Model 511SB The Model 511SB was the SmoothBore model with open sights. Model 511X The Model 511X featured improved sights and was produced from 1965 until 1966
M1917 Enfield
The M1917 Enfield, the "American Enfield", formally named "United States Rifle, cal.30, Model of 1917" is an American modification and production of the.303-inch Pattern 1914 Enfield rifle developed and manufactured during the period 1917–1918. Numerically, it was the main rifle used by the American Expeditionary Forces in Europe during World War I; the Danish Slædepatruljen Sirius still use the M1917, which performs reliably in Arctic conditions, as their service weapon. Before World War I, the British had the Short Magazine Lee–Enfield as their main rifle. Compared to the German Mausers or U. S. 1903 Springfield, the SMLE's.303 rimmed cartridge a black powder cartridge, was ill-suited for feeding in magazine or belt-fed weapons and the SMLE was thought to be less accurate than its competition at longer ranges. The long-range accuracy of German 7×57mm Model 1893 and 1895 Mausers in the hands of Boer marksmen during the Boer War made a big impression on the British Army, a more powerful, modern rifle was desired.
Thus though improved Lee–Enfield variants and.303 British Mark VII ammunition with pointed projectiles entered service after the Boer War in 1910, a committee was formed to develop an new design of rifle and cartridge. The starting point was to copy many of the features of the Mauser system; the rifle was developed at the Royal Small Arms Factory at Enfield in the United Kingdom. This development named the Pattern 1913 Enfield or P13, included a front locking, dual lug bolt action with Mauser type claw extractor as well as a new, powerful rimless.276 Enfield cartridge. The design carried over a Lee–Enfield type safety at the rear of the action and a bolt that cocked on closing to ease unlocking of the bolt during rapid fire. An advanced design, for the era, of aperture rearsight and a long sight radius were incorporated to maximize accuracy potential. Ease of manufacture was an important criterion. However, the onset of World War I came too for the UK to put it into production before the new cartridge could be perfected, as it suffered from overheating in rapid fire and bore fouling.
As it entered World War I, the UK had an urgent need for rifles, contracts for the new rifle were placed with arms companies in the United States. They decided to ask these companies to produce the new rifle design in the old.303 British chambering for convenience of ammunition logistics. The new rifle was termed the "Pattern 14". In the case of the P14 rifle and Remington were selected. A third manufacturer, Eddystone Arsenal – a subsidiary of Remington – was tooled up at the Baldwin Locomotive Works in Eddystone, Pennsylvania. Thus, three variations of the P14 and M1917 exist, labeled "Winchester," "Remington" or "Eddystone"; when the U. S. entered the war, it had a similar need for rifles. The Springfield Armory had delivered 843,000 M1903 Springfield rifles, but due to the difficulties in production, rather than re-tool the Pattern 14 factories to produce the standard U. S. rifle, the M1903 Springfield, it was realized that it would be much quicker to adapt the British design. Although it might have been faster to retain chambering for the.303 British military cartridge, the design was modified for the U.
S..30-06 Springfield cartridge to simplify ammunition logistics. The Enfield design was well-suited to the.30-06 Springfield. Accordingly, Remington Arms Co. altered the design for caliber.30-06 Springfield, under the close supervision of the U. S. Army Ordnance Department, formally adopted as the U. S. Rifle, Caliber.30, Model of 1917. In addition to Remington's production at Ilion, New York and Eddystone, Winchester produced the rifle at their New Haven, Connecticut plant, a combined total more than twice the 1903's production, was the unofficial service rifle. Eddystone made 1,181,908 rifles -- more than the production of Winchester combined. Although standardization with interchangeable parts was intended, early Winchester rifles used differing parts, causing interchangeability issues with the rifles produced by Remington and Eddystone until Winchester corrected the problem in production. Design changes were few; the markings were changed to reflect the caliber change. A 16.5-inch blade bayonet, the M1917 bayonet was produced for use on the rifle.
The new rifle was used alongside the M1903 Springfield, surpassed the Springfield design in numbers produced and units issued. By November 11, 1918 about 75% of the AEF in France were armed with M1917s. An M1917 Enfield rifle was used by Sergeant Alvin C. York on October 8, 1918, during the event for which he was awarded the Medal of Honor, as the U. S. 82nd Division's official history states the division had been issued the M1917 replaced them with the No 1 Mk III Lee-Enfield whilst training with the British in the north of France were reissued M1917 rifles. According to his diary, Sergeant York used a Colt M1911 semi-automatic pistol on that day. (The film Sergeant
Marlin Model 336
The Marlin Model 336 is a lever-action rifle and carbine made by Marlin Firearms. Since its introduction in 1948, it has been offered in a number of different calibers and barrel lengths, but is chambered in.30-30 Winchester or.35 Remington, using a 20- or 24-inch barrel. The model with a 24-inch barrel is only available in.30-30 Winchester. The Model 336 is produced by Remington Arms; the Model 336 is a direct development of the Marlin Model 1893 rifle, produced from 1893 to 1936. Based on the patents of L. L. Hepburn, the Model 1893 incorporated a new locking bolt system and a two-piece firing pin. In 1936, with only minor changes to the stock and sights, the Model 1893 was redesignated the Model 1936. All of these firearms featured a solid-top receiver made of forged steel and incorporated side ejection of fired cartridges. Compared to the Winchester 94 the predominant lever-action hunting rifle, the Model 36 was somewhat heavier with a simpler internal mechanism and a full pistol grip-type buttstock in contrast to the Winchester 94's straight grip stock.
In 1948, the Model 36 was replaced by the Model 336, which incorporated the patents of Thomas R. Robinson, Jr. a Marlin employee. Sold under both the Marlin and Glenfield brands, the Model 336 has been in continuous production from 1948 to the present day, is produced by Remington Firearms under the Marlin brand. While most current variants of the Model 336 feature a full pistol-grip walnut stock, 20 inch barrel and full length tube magazine, other versions of the 336 have been offered by Marlin over the years, including barrel lengths of 16.25-inch, 18-inch, 22-inch and 24-inch barrels, half-length magazines, models with straight grips and/or hardwood stocks. An evolution of the Model 36 rifle, the Model 336 is distinguished from its predecessors by its open ejection port machined into the side of the receiver. Design improvements include a stronger and simpler round-profile chrome-plated breech bolt, a redesigned cartridge carrier, an improved extractor, coil-type main and trigger springs in place of the flat springs used in earlier Marlin rifles.
Like its predecessors, the receiver and all major working parts of the Model 336 are constructed of steel forgings. With its solid, flat top receiver and side ejection of fired cartridges, the Marlin 336 is prime candidate for use with a rifle scope. In 1956, Marlin incorporated its proprietary Micro-Groove rifling system into the Model 336 and other centerfire Marlin rifles; this rifling system, which used an increased number of shallow rifling grooves, cut down production time and extended the service life of machine tooling. According to Marlin, the Micro-Groove system provides uniform bore dimensions and a smooth bore finish designed to improve accuracy, prevent gas leakage, reduce bore fouling; the Model 336 is designed to be disassembled for cleaning. Removal of the lever pivot screw with a flathead screwdriver, allows field stripping of the lever arm and ejector for maintenance. Unlike many lever action designs, the Model 336 can be cleaned from the breech, much like a bolt-action rifle.
This in turn avoids damage to the muzzle caused by cleaning tools. As of 1983, the Model 336 was ranked the #2 all-time leader in U. S. high-powered sporting rifle sales, with over 3.5 million sold. Marauder, Model 336Y Marlin has made short carbine versions of the Model 336 over the years, including the Model 336 Marauder and the Model 336Y. Featuring a short 16- or 18-inch barrel, these carbines are shorter and lighter than the standard 20" carbine; the Model 336Y featured a short buttstock to enable use by younger shooters. The Glenfield For many years, Marlin produced a less-expensive Glenfield line of Model 336 rifles for retail at mass merchandise and department stores including: J. C. Penney, Sears Roebuck & Company, Western Auto, K-Mart and Wal-Mart. Marlin sold these rifles as the Glenfield Models 30, 30A, 30AS or 30AW. Other Model 336 production rifles were stamped with names chosen by the retailer, such as the J. C. Higgins Model 45 and Model 50, the Montgomery Ward Western Field Model 740-A EMN, the J.
C. Penney Foremost Model 3040, the K-Mart Model 30TK and the Model 3000 for Big 5 Sporting Goods. Mechanically identical to the Model 336, these mass market rifles were fitted with lower-cost hardwood stocks and forearms, some metal finishing operations were eliminated in the interest of lowering unit cost. By marketing a less-expensive version of the same rifle under a different name to mass merchandising stores, Marlin protected its customer base of small specialty gun dealers. Store Brand Models: By 1983, most of Marlin's mass merchandise retailers were in a position to insist on name-brand firearms, the Glenfield line was dropped. However, Marlin continued to offer a less expensive version of the Model 336, variously called the Model 336W or Model 30AW sold only to the Wal-Mart chain. Fitted with a hardwood stock and lower-cost sights, these rifles were offered as part of a special package with an inexpensive rifle scope, sling, or other options; the Marlin Model 30AW package included a 3-9x32 factory-mounted scope and padded sling, but was otherwise identical to the Marlin Model 336W.
XLR Series: Marlin offers an XLR line of rifles in several calibers, all based on the Model 336 lever action design. The Model 336XLR features stainless construction, a 24-inch barrel, a grey/black wood laminate stock. Model 336SS The Model 336M, a Model 336 carbine made of stainless steel, was introduced in 2000. I
Thompson/Center Contender
The Thompson/Center Contender is a break-action single-shot pistol or rifle, introduced in 1967 by Thompson/Center Arms. It can be chambered in cartridges from.22 Long Rifle to.45-70 Government. Warren Center, working in his basement shop in the 1960s, developed a unique, break-action, single-shot pistol. In 1965, Center joined the K. W. Thompson Tool Company and they introduced this design as the Thompson-Center Contender in 1967. Although they cost more than some hunting revolvers, the flexibility of being able to shoot multiple calibers by changing the barrel and sights and its higher accuracy made it popular with handgun hunters; as K. W. Thompson Tool began marketing Center's Contender pistol, the company name was changed to Thompson/Center Arms Company; the chamberings were on the low end of the recoil spectrum such as.22 LR.22 WMR.22 Hornet.38 Special, and.22 Remington Jet, but as Magnum calibers took off in the 1970s, the Contender became popular with shooting enthusiasts. The most unusual feature of the Contender is.
By removing the fore-end, a large hinge pin is exposed. Since the sights and extractor remain attached to the barrel in the Contender design, the frame itself contains no cartridge-specific features. A barrel of another caliber or length can be installed and pinned in place, the fore-end replaced, the pistol is ready to shoot with a different barrel and pre-aligned sights; this allowed easy changes of calibers and barrel lengths, with only a flat screwdriver being required for this change. The Contender frame has two firing pins, a selector on the exposed hammer, to allow the shooter to choose between rimfire or centerfire firing pins, or to select a safety position from which neither firing pin can strike a primer; the initial baseline design of the Contender had no central safe position on the hammer, having only centerfire and rimfire firing pin positions, each being selectable through using a screwdriver. Three variants of the original Contender design were developed, distinguished by the hammer design.
The first variant has a push button selector on the hammer for choosing rimfire vs. centerfire, the second variant has a left-center-right toggle switch for selecting center fire-safe-rimfire firing pins, the third variant has a horizontal bolt selection for choosing center fire-safe-rimfire firing pin positions. All three of these Contender variants have a cougar etched on the sides of the receiver, thereby distinguishing them from the G2 Contender which has a smooth-sided receiver without an etched cougar; some of the earliest Contenders, those requiring a screwdriver to switch the firing pin between rimfire and centerfire, had smooth sides, without the cougar etched on the sides. The original Contender designs have an adjustable trigger, allowing the shooter to change both take-up and overtravel, permitting user selection of a range of trigger pulls ranging from a heavy trigger pull suitable for carrying the pistol while hunting to a "hair trigger" suitable for long range target shooting.
Unlike the G2 Contender, the original Contender may be safely dry-fired to allow a shooter to become familiar with the trigger pull. The break-action only has to be cycled, while leaving the hammer in the second notch position, to practice dry-firing. G2's with switchable firing pins can be safely dry-fired with the hammer only in the safety position. Barrels have been made in lengths of 6, 8 3/4, 10, 12, 14, 16, 21 inches. Heavier recoiling cartridge barrels have been made with integral muzzle brakes. Barrels for the original Contender may be used on the later-released G2 Contender and G2 barrels may be used on original Contender frames with a serial number greater than 195000; the earliest barrels, from early 1967 to late 1967, were all octagonal with a flat bottom lug, were available in only 10 and 8 3/4 inch lengths. The next group of barrels, from late 1967 to 1972, were available in 6, 8 3/4, 10 inch lengths. Round barrels were added in a wider variety of lengths, including 10", 12", 14".
Round barrels in heavier barrel configurations, known as Super 14 pistol and Super 16 pistol barrels were added. Carbine barrels in 16 and 21 inches were added for the Contenders. Sights on all the pistol barrels have varied, ranging from low sights, only, in the earlier years to a choice of either low or high sights, as well as no sights, for those pistol barrels intended for use with a scope. Various barrels have sometimes included ejectors as well as extractors, or extractors, only, as well as containing either a flat bottom lug, a stepped bottom lug, or split bottom lugs. Barrels have been made available in either blued or stainless configurations, to match the finish available on Contender receivers. Unlike most other firearm actions, the break-action design does not require the barrels to be specially fitted to an individual action. Any barrel, with the exception of a Herrett barrel, made for a Contender will fit onto any frame, allowing the shooter to purchase additional barrels in different calibers for a fraction of the cost of a complete firearm.
Since the sights are mounted on the barrel, they remain sighted-in and zeroed between barrel changes. Pistol grips, butt stocks and fore-ends have been made available in stained walnut, or in recoil reducing composite materials. Different pistol fore-ends are required for the octagonal versus the round versus the bull barrels; the fore-ends have had an assortment of either one or two screw attachment points, used for attaching the fore-ends to the barrel
Remington Model 521 TL Junior
The Remington Model 521 TL Junior is a member of the Remington 500 series rifles. It is a 27 in barrel, it has a Lyman aperture rear sight, adjustable for elevation and windage. The rifle takes a 6-round magazine that fits flush with the bottom of the rifle
Remington Arms
Remington Arms Company, LLC is an American manufacturer of firearms and ammunition. It was founded in 1816 by Eliphalet Remington in Ilion, New York, as E. Sons. Remington is America's oldest gun maker and is claimed to be America's oldest factory that still makes its original product. Remington is the largest U. S. producer of shotguns and rifles. The company has developed or adopted more cartridges than any other gun maker or ammunition manufacturer in the world; until 2015, Remington Arms was part of the Freedom Group, owned by Cerberus Capital Management. In 2014, a new plant was built in Huntsville, Alabama to produce AR-15 style semi-automatic rifles and Remington 1911 R1 pistols. In 2015, the Freedom Group was renamed as Remington Outdoor Company. Remington filed for chapter 11 bankruptcy protection, in March 2018, having accumulated over $950 million in debt. Remington exited bankruptcy in May 2018, less than two months after filing for protection under Ch. 11 laws. Remington's quick exit from bankruptcy was due to a pre-approved restructuring plan, supported by 97% of its creditors.
The Remington company was founded in 1816. Eliphalet Remington II believed. Remington began building a flintlock rifle for himself. At age 23, he entered a shooting match. Before Remington left the field that day, he had received so many orders from other competitors that he had entered the gunsmithing business. By 1828, he moved his operation to nearby Ilion; this site is still used by the modern Remington firearms plant. On March 7, 1888, ownership of E. Remington & Sons was sold by the Remington family to new owners, Marcellus Hartley and Partners; this consisted of Hartley and Graham of New York, New York, a major sporting goods chain who owned the Union Metallic Cartridge Company in Bridgeport and the Winchester Repeating Arms Company of New Haven, both in Connecticut. At this time the name was formally changed to the Remington Arms Company; the Bridgeport site became the home of Remington's ammunition plant. In 1912, Remington and Union Metallic Cartridge Company were combined into a single entity, called Remington UMC.
In the early 21st century, Remington still produces U. M. C. Brand ammunition. In 1915, the plant at Ilion was expanded, with this expansion became the same plant as today. During the early years of World War I, Remington produced arms under contract for several Allied powers. Remington produced M1907-15 Berthier rifles for France, Pattern 1914 Enfield rifles for Britain, Model 1891 Mosin–Nagant rifles for Imperial Russia; as the war intensified, Remington production rose to meet demand. When the U. S. entered the war, Remington became involved in the war effort. Remington developed and produced the U. S. M1917 Enfield rifle, a simplified version of the British Pattern 1914, development of the Pedersen device. Late in the war, the collapse of the Imperial Russian government had a severe effect on Remington finances. Russia had ordered large quantities of arms and ammunition, but ran short of money to pay for the orders, they delayed payment. When the Bolsheviks took power in the Russian Revolution, they repudiated the contract entirely.
Remington was left with huge stocks of guns and ammunition, no prospects for payment. The U. S. government stepped up thereby preventing Remington from absolute loss. Remington made the conscious decision to emphasize their line of civilian products, they viewed hunting products as a more stable business which might help them to survive future ups and downs generated by war demands. During the Great Depression, Remington was purchased by the DuPont Corporation, which had made its fortune with improvements to gunpowder. A year Remington purchased the Peters Cartridge Company. In 1940, the U. S. Army became worried about its ammunition capacity and asked Remington to collaborate on a plan for national expansion. With the aid of DuPont, Remington built the Lake City Army Ammunition Plant and Denver Ordnance ammunition plants, three more plants on, including the Lowell Ordnance Plant. Though the plants belonged to the U. S. government, Remington was asked to oversee their operation. Among the weapons Remington manufactured for the government during World War II was the famous M1903A3 Springfield bolt-action rifle.
During the 1950s and 1960s, Remington branched out into other products besides guns, with the purchase of Mall Tool Company in 1956. One of the products was chain saws. In 1962 Remington introduced the Model 700 bolt-action rifle; the rifle became one of Remington's most successful firearms, lent itself to developments of many sub-variants, including the Remington 700 BDL, Remington 700PSS for police and law enforcement agencies and the military M24 SWS, the United States Army standard sniper rifle between 1988–2010. It is still used by other armed forces around the world, such as the IDF. Other firearms companies designed and manufactured sniper rifles based on the reliable and accurate Remington Model 700 action. In 1986, Remington closed its ammunition plant in Bridgeport, transferring operations to a new facility in Lonoke, Arkansas; this site was chosen as the geographic center of the sporting ammunition market. A year Remington built a new clay targets plant in Athens, Georgia. In 1993, Remington was sold by DuPont to the investment firm Clayton, Dubilier
