Elkus Manfredi Architects
Elkus / Manfredi Architects is an architectural firm based in Boston, Massachusetts that includes Howard F. Elkus and David Manfredi, both fellows of the American Institute of Architects, as a principal; the firm was established in 1988. The firm's international projects include the Galleria at Sowwah Square. Manfredi graduated with Bachelor degrees from the University of Notre Dame and received a Masters from the University of Chicago, he was vice president at The Architects Collaborative in Cambridge. The Village at USC Americana Emerson College's Paramount Center The Modern Assembly Square and AVA Somerville apartment buildings Paramount Theatre renovation A section of The Galleria, Al Maryah Island The House by Starck and Yoo, a high rise condominium building with interior design by Philippe Starck and Yoo in Victory Park, Dallas InterContinental Boston 33 Arch Street in Boston CityPlace Queens Campus extension Rutgers-New Brunswick 10 Hudson Yards Retail Space 200 Amsterdam New Brunswick Performing Arts Center List of tallest buildings in Boston
West Side Yard
The West Side Yard is a rail yard owned by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority on the west side of Manhattan in New York City. Used to store commuter rail trains operated by the Long Island Rail Road, the 26.17-acre yard sits between West 30th Street, West 33rd Street, 10th Avenue and 12th Avenue. The yard includes storage tracks, a six-track indoor shop for light maintenance, a 12-car long platform for car cleaning, lockers and a break room for employees; the yard sits at the north end of the High Line, a former elevated rail line used for freight service, converted into a park, south of the truck marshalling yard used by the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center, it sits above the 34th Street–Hudson Yards subway station, which opened in 2015. Before the yard opened in 1987, trains arriving at Penn Station during the morning rush hour had to deadhead back to Long Island for midday storage; the West Side Yard increased the LIRR's peak period capacity at Penn Station. The 26.17-acre site is bounded by between West 30th Street, West 33rd Street, 10th Avenue, 12th Avenue.
It was used as a depot for the Hudson River Railroad for a line running down Eleventh Avenue, as trains were not permitted to operate south of West 32nd Street. New York Central and Penn Central expanded the rail yards and used them as a freight terminal up until the 1970s when Penn Central declared bankruptcy and its Manhattan properties were put up for sale; the rail yard was acquired by the State of New York. The northern portion was used for construction of the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center and the southern portion became a train-storage yard used by the Long Island Rail Road; the yard was built because limited storage capacity at Penn Station forced LIRR trains to make non-passenger trips to storage yards on Long Island. The yard opened in 1987 increasing train capacity through Penn Station; the West Side Yard is named after John D. Caemmerer, a New York State Senator from East Williston who helped obtain $195.7 million for its construction. During construction, a tunnel was built under some of the east-west tracks that allows Amtrak trains from Penn Station to turn north and travel to Upstate New York via the West Side Line.
Amtrak trains began using this tunnel on April 7, 1991. There has been a long series of proposals to develop the rail yard air rights, including for a major expansion of Midtown Manhattan by William Zeckendorf in the 1950s and for a housing development considered by U. S. Steel in the 1960s; the West Side Yard was designed with space left between the tracks for columns to support development in air rights above the tracks. Madison Square Garden considered a possible move to the site in the mid-1980s. In the 1990s the air rights were considered as a possible location for a New York Yankees stadium; the rail yard air rights were proposed by the New York City bid for the 2012 Summer Olympics as the location for the media center, Olympic plaza, Olympic Stadium, to be occupied afterward by the New York Jets. The eastern portion of the West Side Yard was rezoned for residential and commercial use in January 2005 as part of the Hudson Yards Redevelopment Project. Following the defeat of the proposal to construct the West Side Stadium, the western portion of the rail yard was rezoned to accommodate residential and commercial development in December 2009.
Construction started in December 2012. As part of Hudson Yards' construction, a platform was built above the rail yard; the Gateway Project is a proposal to build a high-speed rail corridor to alleviate the bottleneck along the Northeast Corridor between Newark, New Jersey, New York City. To avoid a potential conflict between the Gateway Project and the Hudson Yards project, which broke ground in late 2012, Amtrak officials said in February 2013 that a right-of-way would be preserved through the Hudson Yards project by construction of a tunnel underneath, to be financed by $120 million to $150 million in federal funds. In June 2013 the US Department of Transportation announced that $183 million had been dedicated to the "tunnel box" as part of Hurricane Sandy recovery funding; the underground concrete casing is 800 ft long, 50 ft wide, 35 ft tall. Amtrak awarded Tutor Perini a $133 million contract to build a section of box tunnel. Construction started in December 2014 and was nearing completion as of July 2017, though funding disputes stalled the tunnel box's completion.
The tunnel box was complete by November 2017. The following phase would extend the casing between 11th and 12th Avenue as the development of Hudson Yards continues westward. Amtrak, NJ Transit, the MTA have applied to the Federal Transit Administration for a $65 million matching grant for another 105 ft long structure to preserve the right-of-way at 11th Avenue in Manhattan under a viaduct, rehabilitated in 2009–2011. List of rail yards List of railroad yards in New York City Manhattan West Riverside South, a real estate development on the site of a former Manhattan rail yard, called the "West Side Yard" Media related to West Side Yard at Wikimedia Commons
The Wall Street Journal
The Wall Street Journal is a U. S. business-focused, English-language international daily newspaper based in New York City. The Journal, along with its Asian and European editions, is published six days a week by Dow Jones & Company, a division of News Corp; the newspaper is published in online. The Journal has been printed continuously since its inception on July 8, 1889, by Charles Dow, Edward Jones, Charles Bergstresser; the Wall Street Journal is one of the largest newspapers in the United States by circulation, with a circulation of about 2.475 million copies as of June 2018, compared with USA Today's 1.7 million. The Journal publishes the luxury news and lifestyle magazine WSJ, launched as a quarterly but expanded to 12 issues as of 2014. An online version was launched in 1996, accessible only to subscribers since it began; the newspaper is notable for its award-winning news coverage, has won 37 Pulitzer Prizes. The editorial pages of the Journal are conservative in their position. The"Journal" editorial board has promoted fringe views on the science of climate change, acid rain, ozone depletion, as well as on the health harms of second-hand smoke and asbestos.
The first products of Dow Jones & Company, the publisher of the Journal, were brief news bulletins, nicknamed "flimsies", hand-delivered throughout the day to traders at the stock exchange in the early 1880s. They were aggregated in a printed daily summary called the Customers' Afternoon Letter. Reporters Charles Dow, Edward Jones, Charles Bergstresser converted this into The Wall Street Journal, published for the first time on July 8, 1889, began delivery of the Dow Jones News Service via telegraph. In 1896, The "Dow Jones Industrial Average" was launched, it was the first of several indices of bond prices on the New York Stock Exchange. In 1899, the Journal's Review & Outlook column, which still runs today, appeared for the first time written by Charles Dow. Journalist Clarence Barron purchased control of the company for US$130,000 in 1902. Barron and his predecessors were credited with creating an atmosphere of fearless, independent financial reporting—a novelty in the early days of business journalism.
In 1921, Barron's, the United States's premier financial weekly, was founded. Barron died in 1928, a year before Black Tuesday, the stock market crash that affected the Great Depression in the United States. Barron's descendants, the Bancroft family, would continue to control the company until 2007; the Journal took its modern shape and prominence in the 1940s, a time of industrial expansion for the United States and its financial institutions in New York. Bernard Kilgore was named managing editor of the paper in 1941, company CEO in 1945 compiling a 25-year career as the head of the Journal. Kilgore was the architect of the paper's iconic front-page design, with its "What's News" digest, its national distribution strategy, which brought the paper's circulation from 33,000 in 1941 to 1.1 million at the time of Kilgore's death in 1967. Under Kilgore, in 1947, the paper won its first Pulitzer Prize for William Henry Grimes's editorials. In 1967, Dow Jones Newswires began a major expansion outside of the United States that put journalists in every major financial center in Europe, Latin America and Africa.
In 1970, Dow Jones bought the Ottaway newspaper chain, which at the time comprised nine dailies and three Sunday newspapers. The name was changed to "Dow Jones Local Media Group".1971 to 1997 brought about a series of launches and joint ventures, including "Factiva", The Wall Street Journal Asia, The Wall Street Journal Europe, the WSJ.com website, Dow Jones Indexes, MarketWatch, "WSJ Weekend Edition". In 2007, News Corp. acquired Dow Jones. WSJ. A luxury lifestyle magazine, was launched in 2008. A complement to the print newspaper, The Wall Street Journal Online, was launched in 1996 and has allowed access only by subscription from the beginning. In 2003, Dow Jones began to integrate reporting of the Journal's print and online subscribers together in Audit Bureau of Circulations statements. In 2007, it was believed to be the largest paid-subscription news site on the Web, with 980,000 paid subscribers. Since online subscribership has fallen, due in part to rising subscription costs, was reported at 400,000 in March 2010.
In May 2008, an annual subscription to the online edition of The Wall Street Journal cost $119 for those who do not have subscriptions to the print edition. By June 2013, the monthly cost for a subscription to the online edition was $22.99, or $275.88 annually, excluding introductory offers. On November 30, 2004, Oasys Mobile and The Wall Street Journal released an app that would allow users to access content from the Wall Street Journal Online via their mobile phones. Many of The Wall Street Journal news stories are available through free online newspapers that subscribe to the Dow Jones syndicate. Pulitzer Prize–winning stories from 1995 are available free on the Pulitzer web site. In September 2005, the Journal launched a weekend edition, delivered to all subscribers, which marked a return to Saturday publication after a lapse of some 50 years; the move was designed in part to attract more consumer advertising. In 2005, the Journal reported a readership profile of about 60 percent top management, an average income of $191,000, an average household net worth of $2.1 million, an average age of 55.
In 2007, the Journal launched a worldwide expansion of its website to include major foreign-language editions. The p
Hudson Yards (development)
Hudson Yards is a real estate development in the Chelsea and Hudson Yards neighborhoods of Manhattan, New York City. It is the largest private real estate development in the United States by area. Upon completion, 13 of the 16 planned structures on the West Side of Midtown South would sit on a platform built over the West Side Yard, a storage yard for Long Island Rail Road trains; the first of its two phases, opened in 2019, comprises a public green space and eight structures that contain residences, a hotel, office buildings, a mall, a cultural facility. The second phase, on which construction has not started yet, will include residential space, an office building, a school. Related Companies is the primary developer, Oxford Properties is a major equity partner. Related and Oxford, along with several large investors, have funded Hudson Yards' construction from a number of capital sources, including from foreign investors through the EB-5 investment program. Mitsui Fudosan owns a 92.09 percent stake in 55 Hudson Yards, a 90 percent stake in 50 Hudson Yards.
The architectural firm Kohn Pedersen Fox designed the master plan for the site, architects including Skidmore and Merrill, Thomas Heatherwick, Roche-Dinkeloo, Diller Scofidio + Renfro contributed designs for individual structures. Major office tenants include or will include fashion company Tapestry, consulting firm BCG, Alphabet subsidiary Sidewalk Labs; the site of Hudson Yards was intended for other developments, most notably in the early 2000s as the site of the West Side Stadium, during the New York City bid for the 2012 Summer Olympics. The plans for Hudson Yards were developed after the failure of the West Side Stadium. Construction began in 2012 with the groundbreaking for 10 Hudson Yards, the first phase opened on March 15, 2019. Both phases are projected to be complete by 2024. Agreements between various entities including the local government, the Metropolitan Transportation Authority, the state of New York made the development possible; the special zoning for Hudson Yards further incentivized the building of other large-scale projects.
Hudson Yards is adjacent but unrelated to Manhattan West, 3 Hudson Boulevard, The Spiral. Several developers and other entities proposed uses for the rail yard during the 20th century. William Zeckendorf suggested the construction of the "Freedom Tower", which would have risen 1,750 feet, making it the tallest building in the world at the time. Transportation to the new complex would have been via a "passenger conveyor belt" from further east in Midtown. Zeckendorf never purchased the rights, as he was unable to secure financing for the deal, given that large-scale speculative real estate projects were not an asset class that institutional investors and lenders took interest in at the time; the administration of mayor Robert F. Wagner Jr. released a $670 million development plan in 1963, never realized. In the 1980s, both the Jets and the Yankees proposed new stadiums above the rails, though none of these projects succeeded. Another unsuccessful plan for a new stadium for the Yankees was proposed above the West Side Yard in 1993.
A similar plan for a Yankee stadium above the West Side Yard was proposed in 1996, was endorsed by mayor Rudy Giuliani, though the plan received opposition from many other public figures. This proposal failed to be built. By the early 2000s, plans for the rail yard long included a new Olympics stadium, to become the home of the Jets after the games ended. Proposers dubbed the structure the "New York Sports and Convention Center". In addition to the stadium, rezoning the adjacent area would have incentivized the construction of some 13,000 new residential units and 28 million square feet of office space; this effort, led by Daniel Doctoroff, was unpopular with politicians. In January 2005, the New York City Council approved the 60-block rezoning, including the eastern portion of the West Side Yard. Michael Bloomberg the city's mayor, subsequently separated the city's broader rezoning plans from the rail yard stadium. In conjunction with the city, the Metropolitan Transportation Authority issued a Request for Proposal for a 12,700,000-square-foot mixed-use development to be built on platforms over the rail yard, which would remain in use throughout.
The MTA received three bids to lease the rail yard. Cablevision, the New York Jets organization, TransGas Energy all submitted proposals; the Jets won the development rights, but several lawsuits filed after the bidding process alleged they won without paying a fair price. In June 2005, Sheldon Silver voted against the stadium, definitively eliminating the possibility of support at the state level and the possibility of the stadium's construction. Although Bloomberg and others expressed doubts about interest in the area from real estate companies after the stadium fell through, development continued; the former mayor expressed that the loss of the stadium may have been a "blessing" for New York. The MTA received proceeds from the development's 2006 bond offering to pay for an extension of the New York City Subway's 7 and <7> trains to 34th Street–Hudson Yards station. With funding assured, the MTA proceeded to construct the extension; the first construction contracts were awarded in October 2007, the subway extension opened on September 13, 2015.
In late 2006, the city and the MTA backed out of a plan for the city to purchase the development site, created a proposal to seek bids from private developers. This was followed by the a formal reques
New York City
The City of New York called either New York City or New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2017 population of 8,622,698 distributed over a land area of about 302.6 square miles, New York is the most densely populated major city in the United States. Located at the southern tip of the state of New York, the city is the center of the New York metropolitan area, the largest metropolitan area in the world by urban landmass and one of the world's most populous megacities, with an estimated 20,320,876 people in its 2017 Metropolitan Statistical Area and 23,876,155 residents in its Combined Statistical Area. A global power city, New York City has been described as the cultural and media capital of the world, exerts a significant impact upon commerce, research, education, tourism, art and sports; the city's fast pace has inspired the term New York minute. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy.
Situated on one of the world's largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, each of, a separate county of the State of New York. The five boroughs – Brooklyn, Manhattan, The Bronx, Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898; the city and its metropolitan area constitute the premier gateway for legal immigration to the United States. As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world. New York City is home to more than 3.2 million residents born outside the United States, the largest foreign-born population of any city in the world. In 2017, the New York metropolitan area produced a gross metropolitan product of US$1.73 trillion. If greater New York City were a sovereign state, it would have the 12th highest GDP in the world. New York is home to the highest number of billionaires of any city in the world. New York City traces its origins to a trading post founded by colonists from the Dutch Republic in 1624 on Lower Manhattan.
The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, the Duke of York. New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790, it has been the country's largest city since 1790. The Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the U. S. by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is an international symbol of the U. S. and its ideals of liberty and peace. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a global node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance, environmental sustainability, as a symbol of freedom and cultural diversity. Many districts and landmarks in New York City are well known, with the city having three of the world's ten most visited tourist attractions in 2013 and receiving a record 62.8 million tourists in 2017. Several sources have ranked New York the most photographed city in the world. Times Square, iconic as the world's "heart" and its "Crossroads", is the brightly illuminated hub of the Broadway Theater District, one of the world's busiest pedestrian intersections, a major center of the world's entertainment industry.
The names of many of the city's landmarks and parks are known around the world. Manhattan's real estate market is among the most expensive in the world. New York is home to the largest ethnic Chinese population outside of Asia, with multiple signature Chinatowns developing across the city. Providing continuous 24/7 service, the New York City Subway is the largest single-operator rapid transit system worldwide, with 472 rail stations. Over 120 colleges and universities are located in New York City, including Columbia University, New York University, Rockefeller University, which have been ranked among the top universities in the world. Anchored by Wall Street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, New York has been called both the most economically powerful city and the leading financial center of the world, the city is home to the world's two largest stock exchanges by total market capitalization, the New York Stock Exchange and NASDAQ. In 1664, the city was named in honor of the Duke of York.
James's older brother, King Charles II, had appointed the Duke proprietor of the former territory of New Netherland, including the city of New Amsterdam, which England had seized from the Dutch. During the Wisconsinan glaciation, 75,000 to 11,000 years ago, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth; the erosive forward movement of the ice contributed to the separation of what is now Long Island and Staten Island. That action left bedrock at a shallow depth, providing a solid foundation for most of Manhattan's skyscrapers. In the precolonial era, the area of present-day New York City was inhabited by Algonquian Native Americans, including the Lenape, whose homeland, known as Lenapehoking, included Staten Island; the first documented visit into New York Harbor by a European was in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano, a Florentine explorer in the service of the French crown. He named it Nouvelle Angoulême. A Spanish expedition led by captain Estêvão Gomes, a Portuguese sailing for Emperor Charles V, arrived in New York Harbor in January 1525 and charted the mouth of the Hudson River, which he named Río de San Antonio.
The Padrón Rea
Sweetgreen
Sweetgreen is an American fast casual restaurant chain that serves salads. It was founded in August 2007 by Nicolas Jammet, Nathaniel Ru, Jonathan Neman, three months after they graduated from Georgetown University's undergraduate business school. Corporate headquarters moved to the Los Angeles area from Washington, D. C. in 2016. As of October 2017, it had 77 stores in operation across the United States, in California, Massachusetts, New York, Pennsylvania and the District of Columbia; the company has over 3,500 employees. In November 2018, it was announced; the seasonal menu is a rotation of three seasonal dishes in each market. Sweetgreen's executive chef, Michael Stebner, has been with the company since 2014. In the summer of 2015 Sweetgreen partnered with Chef Dan Barber to create Blue Hill's "wastED" salad which uses food "scraps that are thrown away; the purpose of the collaboration was to teach consumers about the country's food waste problem and encourage people to use plant parts that are "wasted."
Upon entering the Los Angeles market in 2015, Sweetgreen teamed up with the dynamic chef duo Jon and Vinny to create the "Za'atar Salad." A portion of the sales went directly to support the local partner for Sweetgreen in schools. In 2015, in the lead up to the Sweetlife music festival, Sweetgreen collaborated with musician Kendrick Lamar leading up to his second appearance at the sweetlife music festival; the salad, named "Beets Don't Kale My Vibe," was a pun playing off one of Lamar's most well known lyrics. The collaboration received an enormous amount of press and coverage with over 100 articles featuring the salad, 10% of proceeds from the salad went to FoodCorps to connect kids to real food. Sweetgreen collaborated with David Chang of Momofuku to create a new salad dressing, featured in the New York locations during the summer of 2014; the "Hozon Salad" used Momofuku's sunflower hosanna in the dressing on a bowl of kale, sunflower sprouts, roasted chicken, carrots, missed seeds and basil.
Cookbook author and New York Times columnist Mark Bittman worked with Sweetgreen in the Spring of 2014 to create the April VB6 Salad. Bittman created the VB6 diet where you eat only vegan before 6pm in order to lose weight and "restore health." Sweetgreen raised its initial $375,000 of startup funding from investors including the three founders' parents, Joe Bastianich, Seth Goldman, Washington's Latino Economic Development Center. In 2013, it accepted a $22 million investment from Revolution Growth, a venture capital fund founded by Steve Case. In 2014, it received $18.5 million in investment from Revolution Growth. In 2015, it raised an additional $35 million in investment under the lead of T. Rowe Price with contributions from existing investor Revolution Growth; the company has raised over $95 million to date. The startup raised a $200 million Series H round led by Fidelity that valued the company at more than $1 billion; this round brings Sweetgreen's total amount of funding to $365 million.
The Sweetlife Festival took place at the Merriweather Post Pavilion in Columbia, Maryland through 2016. It included performances from artists and chefs, including performances by The 1975, Flume, 1980s favorite Blondie; the festival featured a handful of local DC-area artists and chefs. 2016 was the seventh year sweetlife has been held at Merriweather Post Pavilion and produced in continued partnership with I. M. P. an independent concert promoter and event production company. 2016: The 1975, Flume 2015: Kendrick Lamar, Calvin Harris, The Weeknd 2014: Lana Del Rey, Foster the People 2013: Phoenix, Passion Pit, Kendrick Lamar, Yeah Yeah Yeahs 2012: Avicii, Kid Cudi, The Shins 2011: The Strokes, Girl Talk, Lupe Fiasco
