The 15 cm Nebelwerfer 41 was a German multiple rocket launcher used in the Second World War. It served with units of the Nebeltruppen, German Chemical Corps units that had the responsibility for poison gas and smoke weapons that were also used to deliver high-explosives during the war. The name Nebelwerfer is best translated as "smoke thrower".
A 15 cm Nebelwerfer 41 launcher while reloading
Nebelwerfer 41 rocket launcher on display at the Rock Island Arsenal museum, viewed from the front
Nebelwerfer 41 rocket launcher, breech view
Wgr. 41 projectile for the 15 cm Nbw 41 on display at the Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center
A multiple rocket launcher (MRL) or multiple launch rocket system (MLRS) is a type of rocket artillery system that contains multiple launchers which are fixed to a single platform, and shoots its rocket ordnance in a fashion similar to a volley gun. Rockets are self-propelled in flight and have different capabilities than conventional artillery shells, such as longer effective range, lower recoil, typically considerably higher payload than a similarly sized gun artillery platform, or even carrying multiple warheads.
M142 HIMARS launching a GMLRS rocket at the White Sands Missile Range in 2005
An illustration of a handheld multiple rocket launcher constructed of basketry, as depicted in the 11th century book Wujing Zongyao of the Song dynasty
Korean Joseon hwacha multiple rocket launcher (designed in 1409) in a museum
A painting showing the British forces confronted with Mysorean rockets
