1.
1791
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As of the start of 1791, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. January 12 – Holy Roman troops reenter Liège, heralding the end of the Liège Revolution, january 25 – The British Parliament passes the Constitutional Act 1791, splitting the old province of Quebec into Upper and Lower Canada. February 21 – The United States opens diplomatic relations with Portugal, march 2 – In France, Abolition of guilds is enacted. A mechanical semaphore line for rapid long-distance communication is demonstrated by Claude Chappe in Paris, march 4 – Vermont is admitted as the 14th U. S. state. March 13 – Thomas Paines chief work Rights of Man is published in London, march – In France, the National Constituent Assembly accepts the recommendation of its Commission of Weights and Measures that the nation should adopt the metric system. April 21 – The first of forty boundary stones delineating the borders of the new District of Columbia in the United States is laid at Jones Point Light, in Alexandria, Virginia. May 3 – The Sejm of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth proclaims the Constitution of May 3,1791, june 20 – Flight to Varennes, The French Royal Family is captured when they try to flee in disguise. June 21 – Foundation date of the Ordnance Survey in Great Britain, july 8 – Composer Joseph Haydn is awarded an honorary doctorate of music at the University of Oxford. July 14 – The Priestley Riots against Dissenters break out in Birmingham, july 17 – The Champ de Mars Massacre occurs during the French Revolution. August 4 – The Treaty of Sistova is signed, ending the Ottoman–Habsburg wars, august 6 – The Brandenburg Gate in Berlin is finished. August 21 – Haitian Revolution, A slave rebellion breaks out in the French colony of Saint-Domingue, august 26 – John Fitch is granted a patent for the steamboat in the United States. August 27 – Battle of Tellicherry off the south-west coast of India, september 6 – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozarts opera seria La clemenza di Tito premières at the Estates Theatre in Prague to mark the coronation of Leopold II as King of Bohemia. September 13 – Louis XVI of France accepts the final version of the completed constitution, september 25 – Mission Santa Cruz is founded by Father Fermín Lasuén, becoming the 12th mission in the California mission chain. September 28 – Promulgation of the law on Jewish emancipation in France, september 30 – Wolfgang Amadeus Mozarts singspiel opera The Magic Flute premières at the Freihaus-Theater auf der Wieden in Vienna. October – The Legislative Assembly convenes, october 9 – Mission Nuestra Señora de la Soledad is founded by Father Fermín Lasuén, becoming the 13th mission in the California mission chain. October 28 – Publication of the Declaration of the Rights of Woman, december 4 – The first issue of The Observer, the worlds first Sunday newspaper, is published in London. December 5 – Austrian composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart dies aged 35 at his home in Vienna, perhaps of acute rheumatic fever, december 15 – Ratification by the states of the first ten amendments to the United States Constitution is completed, creating the United States Bill of Rights. Two additional amendments remain pending, and one of these is finally ratified in 1992, the first American ship reaches Japan
2.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
3.
1789 in the United States
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Events from the year 1789 in the United States. The Articles of Confederation, the agreement under which the government had been operating since 1781, was superseded by the Constitution in March of this year. January 21 – William Hill Browns anonymous sentimental epistolary novel The Power of Sympathy, or, The Triumph of Nature, January 23 – Georgetown University is founded in Washington, D. C. becoming the first Catholic college in the United States. February 4 – George Washington is unanimously elected the first President of the United States by the United States Electoral College, March 4 – At Federal Hall in New York City, the 1st United States Congress meets and declares the new United States Constitution to be in effect. March 29 – Thomas Collins, President of Delaware, dies in office, april 1 – At Federal Hall, the United States House of Representatives attains its first quorum and elects Frederick Muhlenberg of Pennsylvania as its first Speaker of the House. General George Washington is declared President-elect, and John Adams is declared Vice President-elect, april 21 – John Adams takes office as Vice-President of the United States and begins to preside the sessions of the United States Senate. April 30 – George Washington is inaugurated at Federal Hall in New York City, july 4 – Congress passes its first tax on 30 different items at 8. 5% with discount to American ships over foreign ones. July 27 – The first U. S. federal government agency under the new Constitution, august 7 – The United States Department of War is established. September 2 – The United States Department of the Treasury is established, September 15 – The Department of Foreign Affairs is officially renamed the Department of State. September 24 – The Judiciary Act of 1789 establishes the federal judiciary, September 25 – The United States Congress proposes a set of 12 amendments for ratification by the states. Ratification for 10 of these proposals is completed on December 5,1791, September 29 – The U. S. Department of War establishes the nations first regular army, with a strength of several hundred men. November 6 – Pope Pius VI appoints John Carroll the first Roman Catholic bishop in the United States, november 20 – New Jersey ratifies the United States Bill of Rights, the first state to do so. November 21 – North Carolina ratifies the United States Constitution and becomes the 12th U. S. state, november 26 – A national Thanksgiving Day is observed in the United States as recommended by President George Washington and approved by Congress. December 11 – The University of North Carolina, the oldest public university in the United States, is founded, Thomas Jefferson returns from Europe, bringing the first macaroni machine to the United States. Influenced by Dr. Benjamin Rushs argument against the use of alcohol. Fort Washington is built in Cincinnati, to protect early U. S. settlements in the Northwest Territory, Northwest Indian War January 18 – Briscoe Baldwin, planter and Virginia politician February 4 – Thaddeus Betts, United States Senator from Connecticut from 1839 till 1840. February 18 – Solomon Metcalf Allen, professor March 5 Michael Woolston Ash, William S. Archer, United States Senator from Virginia from 1841 till 1847. July 18 – Thomas Carlin, 7th Governor of Illinois from 1838 till 1842, September 9 – William Cranch Bond, astronomer September 24 – James Bates, United States Representative from Maine from 1831 till 1833
4.
1790 in the United States
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Events from the year 1790 in the United States. February 1 – In New York City the Supreme Court of the United States convenes for the first time, february 11 – Two Quaker delegates petition the United States Congress for the abolition of slavery. March 1 – The first United States census is authorized, March 21 – Thomas Jefferson reports to President George Washington in New York City as the new United States Secretary of State. April 10 – The United States patent system is established, may 26 – Southwest Ordinance creates a Southwest Territory. May 29 – Rhode Island ratifies the United States Constitution and becomes the last of the 13 original states to do so, july 10 – The House of Representatives votes one where to locate the national capital. July 16 – The signing of the Residence Act establishes a site along the Potomac River as the District of Columbia, july 31 – Inventor Samuel Hopkins becomes the first to be issued a U. S. patent. August 2 – The first United States Census is taken, august 4 – A newly passed U. S. tariff act creates the United States Revenue Cutter Service, the forerunner of the Coast Guard. The first United States federal budget bill is introduced by Alexander Hamilton,5. 1% of Americans are living in centers of 2,500 or more people. Northwest Indian War January 6 – Arnold Naudain, United States Senator from Delaware from 1830 till 1836, January 17 – Powhatan Ellis, United States Senator from Mississippi from 1825 till 1826 and from 1827 till 1832. March 29 – John Tyler, tenth President of the United States from 1841 till 1845, june 1 – Chester Ashley, United States Senator from Arkansas from 1844 till 1848. October 1 – Henry H. Chambers, United States Senator from Alabama from 1825 till 1826, April 17 - Benjamin Franklin, Publisher, inventor, congressman, ambassador, abolitionist and American icon. Charles E. Little, America,1790, Cyclopedia of Classified Dates, New York, media related to 1790 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
5.
1792 in the United States
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Events from the year 1792 in the United States. A few months later the capital was officially named Raleigh in honor of Sir Walter Raleigh, april 2 – The Coinage Act is passed establishing the United States Mint. April 5 – United States President George Washington vetoes a bill designed to apportion representatives among U. S. states and this is the first time the presidential veto is used in the United States. May 10 – Union Bank is founded in Boston, may 17 – The Buttonwood Agreement is signed, beginning the New York Stock Exchange. June 1 – Kentucky becomes the 15th state of The United States of America, october 12 – The first Columbus Day celebration in the United States is held in New York City,300 years after his arrival in the New World. October 13 – Foundation of Washington, D. C, the cornerstone of the United States Executive Mansion, known as the White House after 1818, is laid. October 29 – Mount Hood is named after British Admiral Lord Hood by Lt. William Broughton of the Vancouver Expedition, december 3 – George Washington is re-elected President of the United States. George Anschutz constructs the first blast furnace in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Shiloh Meeting House, predecessor of Shiloh United Methodist Church in Lynchburg, Virginia, is founded. Northwest Indian War February 15 – Floride Calhoun, wife of John C, Calhoun, Second Lady of the U. S. July 10 - George M. Dallas, 11th Vice President of the United States from 1845 till 1849, september 7 - David J. Baker, United States Senator from Illinois in 1830. November 15 - Isaac Toucey, United States Senator from Connecticut from 1851 till 1857, december 5 - James Guthrie, United States Senator from Kentucky from 1865 till 1868. Date Unknown - Robert H. Adams United States Senator from Mississippi in 1830, july 18 – John Paul Jones, British-born sailor and the United Statess first well-known naval fighter in the American Revolution. The United States through English Spectacles in 1792-1794, the Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, Vol.9, No. Narrative of John Heckewelders Journey to the Wabash in 1792, the Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, Vol.12, No. Lists of Foreigners Who Arrived at Philadelphia, 1791-1792, the Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, Vol.24, No. The American Historical Review, Vol.13, No, voyages of the Jenny to Oregon, 1792-94. Oregon Historical Quarterly, Vol.30, No, Oregon Historical Quarterly, Vol.32, No. The Significance of William Augustus Bowles Seizure of Pantons Apalachee Store in 1792, the Florida Historical Society Quarterly, Vol.9, No
6.
1793 in the United States
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Events from the year 1793 in the United States. February 12 – The Fugitive Slave Act is passed by Congress as the first of the fugitive slave laws under the U. S. Constitution. February 25 – George Washington holds the first Cabinet meeting as President of the United States, february 27 – The Giles resolutions are introduced to the United States House of Representatives, asking the House to condemn Alexander Hamiltons handling of loans. March 1 – John Langdon becomes President Pro Tempore of the United States Senate until March 3, March 4 – Second inauguration of George Washington, George Washington is sworn in as President of the United States in Philadelphia for his second term. April 22 – George Washington signs the Neutrality Proclamation, july 9 – The Constitution of Vermont is adopted. August 1–November 9 – The yellow fever epidemic of 1793 hits Philadelphia, Pennsylvania,5,000 die, september 18 – United States Capitol cornerstone laying, President George Washington lays the cornerstone for the United States Capitol in Washington, D. C. October 12 – The cornerstone of Old East, the oldest state university building in the United States, is laid in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, october 28 – Eli Whitney applies for patent for his cotton gin. December 9 – New York Citys first daily newspaper, the American Minerva, is established by Noah Webster, the first year of regular production begins for the United States Mint in Philadelphia and the half cent is minted for the first time. Northwest Indian War January 3 – Lucretia Mott, womens rights activist and abolitionist January 4 – Roger Sherman Baldwin, senator from Connecticut from 1847 to 1851 January 14 – John C. Clark, politician March 2 – Sam Houston, President of the Republic of Texas June 6 – Edward C, the United States through English Spectacles in 1792-1794. The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, Vol.9, a Model American Library of 1793. The Democratic Societies of 1793 and 1794 in Kentucky, Pennsylvania and Virginia, the William and Mary Quarterly, Second Series, Vol.2, No. Voyages of the Jenny to Oregon, 1792-94, Oregon Historical Quarterly, Vol.30, No. The Resolution on the Oregon Coast, 1793-94, Oregon Historical Quarterly, Vol.34, No. Phaeton in Philadelphia, Jean Pierre Blanchard and the First Balloon Ascension in America,1793, the Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, Vol.67, No. French Refugees of 1793 in Pennsylvania, proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, Vol.87, No. 5, Papers on Archaeology, Ecology, Ethnology, History, Paleontology, Physics, james Monroe as Agricola in the Genet Controversy,1793. The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, Vol.62, waynes Western Campaign, The Wayne-Knox Correspondence, 1793-1794
7.
Flag of the United States
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The flag of the United States, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. S. Nicknames for the flag include The Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, the current design of the U. S. flag is its 27th, the design of the flag has been modified officially 26 times since 1777. The 48-star flag was in effect for 47 years until the 49-star version became official on July 4,1959, the 50-star flag was ordered by the then president Eisenhower on August 21,1959, and was adopted in July 1960. It is the version of the U. S. flag and has been in use for over 56 years. At the time of the Declaration of Independence in July 1776, the flag contemporaneously known as the Continental Colors has historically been referred to as the first national flag. The name Grand Union was first applied to the Continental Colors by George Preble in his 1872 history of the American flag, the flag closely resembles the British East India Company flag of the era, and Sir Charles Fawcett argued in 1937 that the company flag inspired the design. Both flags could have been constructed by adding white stripes to a British Red Ensign. However, an East India Company flag could have nine to 13 stripes. In any case, both the stripes and the stars have precedents in classical heraldry, Flag Day is now observed on June 14 of each year. While scholars still argue about this, tradition holds that the new flag was first hoisted in June 1777 by the Continental Army at the Middlebrook encampment. The first official U. S. flag flown during battle was on August 3,1777, Massachusetts reinforcements brought news of the adoption by Congress of the official flag to Fort Schuyler. A voucher is extant that Capt. Swartwout of Dutchess County was paid by Congress for his coat for the flag, the 1777 resolution was most probably meant to define a naval ensign. In the late 18th century, the notion of a flag did not yet exist. The flag resolution appears between other resolutions from the Marine Committee, on May 10,1779, Secretary of the Board of War Richard Peters expressed concern it is not yet settled what is the Standard of the United States. However, the term, Standard, referred to a standard for the Army of the United States. Each regiment was to carry the standard in addition to its regimental standard. The national standard was not a reference to the national or naval flag, the appearance was up to the maker of the flag. Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows, one arrangement features 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle, the so-called Betsy Ross flag
8.
Betsy Ross flag
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The first documented usage of this flag was in 1792. The flag features 13 stars to represent the original 13 colonies with the stars arranged in a circle, the National Museum of American History notes that the story first entered into American consciousness about the time of the 1876 Centennial Exposition celebrations. Canby said he first obtained this information from his aunt Clarissa Sydney Wilson in 1857, Canby dates the historic episode based on Washingtons journey to Philadelphia, in late spring 1776, a year before Congress passed the Flag Act. Betsy Ross was promoted as a role model for young girls. Historian Laurel Thatcher Ulrich further explored this line of enquiry in a 2007 article, How Betsy Ross Became Famous, Oral Tradition, Nationalism, Betsy accepted the job to manufacture the flag, altering the committees design by replacing the six-pointed stars with five-pointed stars. Betsy Rosss story was published in 1870,34 years after her death, by her only surviving grandson, William J. Canby, the paper included stories he had heard from family members throughout the years. According to Canbys paper, Sitting sewing in her one day with her girls around her. She recognized one of these as the uncle of her husband, Col. GEORGE ROSS. The committee were shown into her back parlor, the back of the shop. It was defective to the eye of Mrs Ross and unsymmetrical, and she offered suggestions which Washington. One of the alterations had reference to the shape of the stars, in the drawing they were made with six points. Mrs Ross at once said that this was wrong, the stars should be five pointed, they were aware of that, colonel Washington was the active one in making the design, the others having little or nothing to do with it. When it was completed, it was given to William Barrett, painter, the gentleman drew out of a chest an old ships color, which he loaned her to show her how the sewing was done, and also the drawing painted by Barrett. Other designs had been prepared by the committee and one or two of them were placed in the hands of other seamstresses to be made. The flag was finished, and Betsy returned it, the first Star Spangled Banner that ever floated upon the breeze. The next day Col. Canbys account has been the source of some debate and it is generally regarded as being neither proven nor disproven, and any evidence that may have once existed has been lost. The main reason historians and flag experts do not believe that Betsy Ross designed or sewed the first American flag is a lack of historical evidence, no records show that the Continental Congress had a committee to design the national flag in the spring of 1776. However he did serve on a committee with John Ross uncle George Read in 1776, there is no evidence to show that Betsy Ross and George Washington knew each other, or that George Washington was ever in her shop
9.
Timeline of United States history
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This is a timeline of United States history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political and economic events in the United States and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of the United States, some dates before September 14,1752, when the British government adopted the Gregorian calendar, may be given in the Old Style
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Media related to 1791 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
