1.
1802
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As of the start of 1802, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. January 15 – Canonsburg Academy is chartered by the Pennsylvania General Assembly, january 29 – A French expeditionary force led by General Charles Leclerc lands in Saint-Domingue to restore colonial rule. Where Toussaint Louverture has himself proclaimed Governor-General for Life and established control over Hispaniola, march 16 – The United States Army Corps of Engineers is re-established and the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York established under its management, opening on July 4. March 25–27 – Napoleonic Wars, The Treaty of Amiens between France and the United Kingdom ends the War of the Second Coalition, march 28 – H. W. Olbers discovers the asteroid Pallas. April 10 – Great Trigonometrical Survey of India begins with the measurement of a baseline near Madras, may 19 – Napoleon Bonaparte establishes the French Légion dhonneur. May 20 – By the Law of 20 May 1802, Napoleon reinstates slavery in the French colonies, june 1 – United States Patent and Trademark Office established within the Department of State. June 2 – Indigenous Australian Pemulwuy, a leader of the resistance to European settlement of Australia, is dead by Henry Hacking. June 8 – Haitian revolutionary Toussaint Louverture is seized by French troops, june – Gia Long is crowned as first Emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty in Vietnam. July – Éleuthère Irénée du Pont founds E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, July 5–August 28 – A United Kingdom general election brings victory for the Tories, led by Henry Addington. July 22 – Gia Long captures Hanoi, completing his unification of Vietnam, august 2 – In a plebiscite, Napoleon Bonaparte is confirmed as the First Consul of France. September 3 – William Wordsworth composes the poem Westminster Bridge in London, september 11 – The Italian region of Piedmont becomes a part of the French First Republic. October 2 – War ends between Sweden and Tripoli, the United States also negotiates peace, but war continues over the size of compensation. October – The French army enters Switzerland, december 2 – The Health and Morals of Apprentices Act in the United Kingdom comes into effect, regulating conditions for child labour in factories. Although poorly enforced, it pioneers a series of Factory Acts, thomas Wedgwood publishes an account of his experiments in photography, along with Humphry Davy. Since they have no means of fixing the image, their photographs quickly fade, ludwig van Beethoven publishes his Piano Sonata No.14 in Vienna. Marie Tussaud first exhibits her wax sculptures in London, having been commissioned during the Reign of Terror in France to make masks of the victims
2.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
3.
1800 in the United States
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Events from the year 1800 in the United States. April – Voting begins in the United States presidential election,1800, the result is not announced until February 1801. May 7 – Indiana Territory is formed by an Act of Congress as the first new territory created from the lands of the Northwest Territory, may 21 – President John Adams issues general amnesty for the Pennsylvania Dutch farmers who participated in Friess Rebellion. July 4 – Indiana Territory is effective, July 10 – Connecticut cedes its Western Reserve to the federal government, which adds it to the Northwest Territory. August 4 – The 2nd United States Census is conducted and it finds 5,308,483 people living in the U. S. of which 893,602 are slaves. August 30 – Gabriel Prossers slave revolt in Richmond, Virginia is postponed due to weather, word of his plan reaches Virginias governor, James Monroe, who calls in the state militia. Gabriel is later captured and hanged on October 10 along with 23 other slaves, september 30 – The Convention of 1800, or Treaty of Mortefontaine, is signed between France and the United States of America, ending the Quasi-War. October 1 – In the Third Treaty of San Ildefonso, Spain returns Louisiana to France, november 1 U. S. President John Adams becomes the first President of the United States to live in the Executive Mansion. Middlebury College is granted its charter by the Vermont General Assembly, november 17 – The U. S. Congress holds its first Washington, D. C. session. Quasi-War Parson Weems A History of the Life and Death, Virtues, February 26 – Lucius Lyon, United States Senator from Michigan from 1843 till 1845. May 9 – John Brown, abolitionist July 15 – Sidney Breese, October 2 – Nat Turner, leader of slave rebellion October 3 – George Bancroft, historian October 30 – David Meriwether, United States Senator from Kentucky in 1852
4.
1801 in the United States
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February 27 – Washington, DC is placed under the jurisdiction of the U. S. Congress. March 4 – Thomas Jefferson succeeds John Adams as the President of the United States of America, may 10 – The First Barbary War begins as the pasha of Tripoli declares war on the United States by having the flagpole on the consulate chopped down. July – Eli Whitney demonstrates before Congress the advantages of the system of parts in the manufacture of firearms. August 1 – Action of 1 August 1801, United States Navy schooner USS Enterprise captures the 14-gun Tripolitan corsair polacca Tripoli off the north African coast in a single-ship action, november 16 – The first edition of New York Evening Post is printed. First Barbary War January 20 – Thomas Hickman Williams, United States Senator from Mississippi from 1838 till 1839, March 27 – Alexander Barrow, United States Senator from Louisiana from 1841 till 1846. May 16 – William H. August 31 – Pierre Soule, United States Senator from Louisiana in 1847, september 10 – Garrett Davis, United States Senator from Kentucky from 1861 till 1872. November 4 – Ambrose Hundley Sevier, United States Senator from Arkansas from 1836 till 1848, date Unknown – Solomon W. Downs, United States Senator from Louisiana from 1847 till 1853. Issues of the District of Columbia Press in 1800,1801,1802, records of the Columbia Historical Society, Washington, D. C. Vol.4, pp. 32–74 John Marshall on the Judiciary, the Republicans, the American Historical Review, Vol.53, No. 3, pp. 518–520 Dorothy MacKay Quynn, dangers of Subversion in an American Education, A French View,1801. The Catholic Historical Review, Vol.39, No, journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, Vol.14, No. Carroll W. Pursell, Jr. E. I. du Pont, Don Pedro,2, pp. 86–88 Donald R. Hickey. The United States Army versus Long Hair, The Trials of Colonel Thomas Butler, the Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, Vol.101, No. 4, pp. 462–474 Albert E. Van Dusen, New York City Concert Life, 1801-5. 2, pp. 53–69 Media related to 1801 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
5.
1803 in the United States
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Events from the year 1803 in the United States. February 24 – Marbury v. Madison, The Supreme Court of the United States establishes the principle of judicial review, march 1 – Ohio is admitted as the 17th U. S. state, retroactive from August 7,1953. April 30 – Louisiana Purchase is made by the United States from France, july 4 – The Louisiana Purchase is announced to the American people. October 20 – The Senate ratifies the Louisiana Purchase Treaty, doubling the size of the United States, barely three weeks later, on December 20, France transfers the same land to the United States as the Louisiana Purchase. S. September 27 – Samuel Francis Du Pont, rear admiral September 29 – Mercator Cooper, sea captain October 24 – Albert Smith White, U. S. Senator from Indiana from 1839 to 1845 November 14 – Jacob Abbott, childrens writer December 18 or 27 – William Allen, U. S. S. December 30 – Francis Lewis, signatory of the Declaration of Independence Jacques-Donatien Le Ray de Chaumont, Father of the American Revolution William Verstille, the Commercial Privileges of the Treaty of 1803. The American Historical Review, Vol.7, No, an American Literary Incident of 1803. The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, Vol.70,3, pp. 270–280 Robert Mills, Hennig Cohen. An Unpublished Diary by Robert Mills,1803, the South Carolina Historical and Genealogical Magazine, Vol.51, No. Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, Vol.14,1, pp. 26–28 Jerry W. Knudson. The Jeffersonian Assault on the Federalist Judiciary, 1802–1805, Political Forces, the American Journal of Legal History, Vol.14, No. 1, pp. 55–75 John F. Hoadley, the Emergence of Political Parties in Congress, 1789-1803. The American Political Science Review, Vol.74, No,3, pp. 757–779 John W. Wagner. New York City Concert Life, 1801-5,2, pp. 53–69 Kevin M. Gannon. Escaping Mr. Jeffersons Plan of Destruction, New England Federalists, Journal of the Early Republic, Vol.21, No. 3, pp. 413–443 Peter S. Onuf, the Wilson Quarterly, Vol.27, No. Media related to 1803 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
6.
1804 in the United States
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Events from the year 1804 in the United States. February 16 – First Barbary War, Stephen Decatur leads a raid to burn the pirate-held frigate Philadelphia, february 18 – Ohio University is chartered by the Ohio General Assembly. March 10 – Last formalities of the Louisiana Purchase, in St. Louis, march 26 – Orleans Territory is created. May 14 – The Lewis and Clark Expedition departs from Camp Dubois, June 15 – The Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified by New Hampshire, and arguably becomes effective. July 11 – Burr-Hamilton duel, Alexander Hamilton is shot during a duel with Aaron Burr, July 27 – The Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified by Tennessee, removing doubt surrounding adoption. August 26 – Lewis and Clark Expedition, The first election west of the Mississippi River is held, patrick Gass is elected Sergeant replacing Charles Floyd. October 1 – Orleans Territory is effective, october 24 – Lewis and Clark Expedition, The Expedition encounter the Mandan and Hidatsa tribes, for the first time, near present-day Washburn, North Dakota. They decide to build Fort Mandan their winter quarters near the main village, December 3 – Thomas Jefferson defeats Charles C. Pinckney in the U. S. presidential election, First Barbary War Lewis and Clark Expedition January 21 – Eliza R. Jones, U. S. Senator from Iowa from 1848 to 1859 April 26 – Charles Goodyear, politician May 16 – Elizabeth Peabody, Transcendental activist and educator May 28 – William Alfred Buckingham, U. S. Senator from Connecticut from 1869 to 1875 June 24 – Willard Richards, religious leader July 4 Charles G. Atherton, senator from New Hampshire from 1855 to 1857 November 19 – Alexandre Mouton, U. S. S. The Senate Debate on the Breckinridge Bill for the Government of Louisiana,1804, the American Historical Review, Vol.22, No. To the West on Business in 1804, the Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, Vol.64, No. 1, pp. 1–21 José de Onís, valentin de Forondas Memoir on the United States of North America,1804. 3, pp. 351–362 W. H. G. Armytage, a Sheffield Quaker in Philadelphia 1804-1806. 3, pp. 192–205 Helmut de Terra, motives and Consequences of Alexander von Humboldts Visit to the United States. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, Vol.104, No,3, pp. 314–316 Herman R. Friis. Baron Alexander von Humboldts Visit to Washington, D. C, June 1 through June 13,1804
7.
Flag of the United States
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The flag of the United States, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. S. Nicknames for the flag include The Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, the current design of the U. S. flag is its 27th, the design of the flag has been modified officially 26 times since 1777. The 48-star flag was in effect for 47 years until the 49-star version became official on July 4,1959, the 50-star flag was ordered by the then president Eisenhower on August 21,1959, and was adopted in July 1960. It is the version of the U. S. flag and has been in use for over 56 years. At the time of the Declaration of Independence in July 1776, the flag contemporaneously known as the Continental Colors has historically been referred to as the first national flag. The name Grand Union was first applied to the Continental Colors by George Preble in his 1872 history of the American flag, the flag closely resembles the British East India Company flag of the era, and Sir Charles Fawcett argued in 1937 that the company flag inspired the design. Both flags could have been constructed by adding white stripes to a British Red Ensign. However, an East India Company flag could have nine to 13 stripes. In any case, both the stripes and the stars have precedents in classical heraldry, Flag Day is now observed on June 14 of each year. While scholars still argue about this, tradition holds that the new flag was first hoisted in June 1777 by the Continental Army at the Middlebrook encampment. The first official U. S. flag flown during battle was on August 3,1777, Massachusetts reinforcements brought news of the adoption by Congress of the official flag to Fort Schuyler. A voucher is extant that Capt. Swartwout of Dutchess County was paid by Congress for his coat for the flag, the 1777 resolution was most probably meant to define a naval ensign. In the late 18th century, the notion of a flag did not yet exist. The flag resolution appears between other resolutions from the Marine Committee, on May 10,1779, Secretary of the Board of War Richard Peters expressed concern it is not yet settled what is the Standard of the United States. However, the term, Standard, referred to a standard for the Army of the United States. Each regiment was to carry the standard in addition to its regimental standard. The national standard was not a reference to the national or naval flag, the appearance was up to the maker of the flag. Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows, one arrangement features 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle, the so-called Betsy Ross flag
8.
Star-Spangled Banner (flag)
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The Star-Spangled Banner, or the Great Garrison Flag, was the garrison flag that flew over Fort McHenry in Baltimore Harbor during the naval portion of the Battle of Baltimore during the War of 1812. In Baltimores preparation for an attack on the city, Fort McHenry was made ready to defend the citys harbor. The larger of the two flags would be the Great Garrison Flag, the largest battle flag ever flown at the time, the smaller of the two flags would be the Storm Flag, to be more durable and less prone to fouling in inclement weather. Available documentation shows that this flag was sewn by local flagmaker Mary Young Pickersgill under a government commission in 1813 at a cost of $405.90. George Armistead, the commander of Fort McHenry, specified a flag so large that the British would have no difficulty seeing it from a distance. Mary Pickersgill stitched the flag from a combination of cotton and dyed English wool bunting, assisted by her daughter, the flag has fifteen horizontal red and white stripes, as well as fifteen white stars in the blue field. The two additional stars and stripes, approved by the United States Congresss Flag Act of 1794, represent Vermont, the stars are arranged in vertical rows, with five horizontal rows of stars, offset, each containing three stars. At the time, the practice of adding stripes with the induction of a new state had not yet been discontinued, the flag originally measured 30 by 42 feet. Each of the fifteen stripes is 2 feet wide, and each of the stars measures about 2 feet in diameter, the flag currently has only fourteen stars—the fifteenth star was similarly given as a gift, but its recipient and current whereabouts are unknown. The Flag was flown over the fort when 5,000 British soldiers, the bombardment turned to Fort McHenry on the evening of September 13, and continuous shelling occurred for 25 hours under heavy rain. This revelation was famously captured in poetry by Key, an American lawyer, being held by the British on a truce ship in the Patapsco River, Key observed the battle from afar. When he saw the Garrison Flag still flying at dawn of the morning of the 14th, the poem would be put to the music of a common tune, retitled The Star-Spangled Banner, and a portion of it would later be adopted as the United States National Anthem. Since its arrival at the Smithsonian, the flag has undergone multiple preservation efforts, the flag that flew during that episode in history became a significant artifact. It remained in the possession of Major Armistead, who was promoted to lieutenant colonel. Eben Appleton, Colonel Armisteads grandson, inherited the flag in 1878, in 1907, he lent it to the Smithsonian Institution, and in 1912 it was made a formal gift. Today it is housed in the National Museum of American History, one of the Smithsonian Institution museums on the National Mall in Washington. The flag was given to the museum in 1912, and has undergone multiple restoration efforts after being restored by Amelia Fowler in 1914. Due to environmental and light damage a four phase restoration project began in May 1999, in the first phase, the team removed the linen support backing that was attached to the flag during the 1914 restoration
9.
Timeline of United States history
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This is a timeline of United States history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political and economic events in the United States and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of the United States, some dates before September 14,1752, when the British government adopted the Gregorian calendar, may be given in the Old Style
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Media related to 1802 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
