The 1809 New Hampshire gubernatorial election took place on March 14, 1809. Incumbent Democratic-Republican Governor John Langdon was defeated for re-election by Federalist candidate, Chief Justice of the New Hampshire Superior Court of Judicature Jeremiah Smith.

John Langdon was an American politician and Founding Father from New Hampshire. He served as a delegate to the Constitutional Convention, signed the United States Constitution, and was one of the first two United States senators from New Hampshire.