1.
1844
–
As of the start of 1844, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. January 15 – The University of Notre Dame, based in the city of the same name, february 27 – The Dominican Republic gains independence from Haiti. February 28 – A gun on the USS Princeton explodes while the boat is on a Potomac River cruise, killing 2 United States Cabinet members, march 8 – King Oscar I ascends to the throne of Sweden–Norway upon the death of his father Charles XVI/III John. March 12 – The Columbus and Xenia Railroad, the first railroad planned to be built in Ohio, is chartered, march 21 – The Baháí calendar begins. March 23 – The Edict of Toleration is passed, allowing Jews to settle in the Holy Land, April – The Fleet Prison for debtors in London is closed, marking a significant milestone in the countrys human rights record. May 1 – Hong Kong Police Force, the worlds second, may 23 – Persian Prophet The Báb privately announces his revelation to Mullá Husayn, just after sunset, founding the Bábí faith in Shiraz, Persia. Abdul-Bahá Himself was later proclaimed by Baháulláh to be His own successor, thus being the third central figure of the Baháí Faith. May 24 – The first electrical telegram is sent by Samuel Morse from the U. S. Capitol in Washington, D. C. to the B&O Railroad outer depot in Baltimore, june–July – The Great Flood of 1844 hits the Missouri River and Mississippi River. June 6 – George Williams founds the Young Mens Christian Association in London, june 15 – Charles Goodyear receives a patent for vulcanization, a process to strengthen rubber. June 22 Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity was founded, ΔΚΕ is home to many well known VIPs, such as U. S. Presidents George W. Bush, George H. W. Bush, Gerald Ford, and Theodore Roosevelt. June 27 – Joseph Smith, founder of the Latter Day Saint movement, John Taylor, future president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is severely injured but survives. July 3 The United States signs the Treaty of Wanghia with the Chinese Government, the last definitely recorded pair of great auks are killed on the Icelandic island of Eldey. August 8 – During a meeting held in Nauvoo, Illinois, august 14 – Abdelkader El Djezairi is defeated at Isly in Morocco, sultan Abd al-Rahman of Morocco soon repudiates his ally. August 16 – Narciso Claveria, the Governor-General of the Philippines made a decree announcing that Monday, December 30,1844 would be followed by Wednesday. Tuesday, December 31,1844 was removed from the Philippine calendar because from 1521 to 1844, august 28 – Friedrich Engels and Karl Marx meet in Paris, France. September 25–September 27 – The first ever cricket match is played in New York City. October 22 – This second date, predicted by the Millerites for the Second Coming of Jesus, october 23 – The Báb publicly proclaimed to be the promised one of Islam. He is also considered to be simultaneously the return of Elijah, John the Baptist, and he announces to the world the coming of He whom God shall make manifest
2.
United States
–
Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
3.
1842 in the United States
–
Events from the year 1842 in the United States. President, John Tyler Vice President, vacant Chief Justice, Roger B, taney Speaker of the House of Representatives, John White Congress, 27th February 1 – Willamette University is established in Salem, Oregon. March – Commonwealth v. Hunt, the Massachusetts Supreme Court makes strikes, march 5 – Mexican troops led by Rafael Vasquez invade Texas, briefly occupy San Antonio, and then head back to the Rio Grande. This is the first such invasion since the Texas Revolution, march 9 – First documented discovery of gold in California, by Francisco Lopez at Placerita Canyon in Rancho San Francisco, sparking a small-scale gold rush, mainly of Mexicans from Sonora. May 19 – Dorr Rebellion, Militiamen supporting Thomas Wilson Dorr attack the arsenal in Providence, august 4 – The Armed Occupation Act is signed, providing for the armed occupation and settlement of the unsettled part of the Peninsula of East Florida. August 9 – The Webster-Ashburton Treaty is signed, establishing the United States–Canada border east of the Rocky Mountains, september – The Wesleyan University is established in Ohio. November 26 – The University of Notre Dame in South Bend, december 20 – The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina is established. The Sons of Temperance is founded in New York City, second Seminole War January 11 – William James, psychologist and philosopher February 3 – Sidney Lanier, musician, poet and writer February 28 – Stephen Wallace Dorsey, U. S. Representative from New Jersey Media related to 1842 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
4.
1843 in the United States
–
Events from the year 1843 in the United States. President, John Tyler Vice President, vacant Chief Justice, Roger B, taney Speaker of the House of Representatives, John White, John Winston Jones Congress, 27th, 28th January – Edgar Allan Poes short story The Tell-Tale Heart is first published. February 6 – The Virginia Minstrels perform the first minstrel show, March 21 – The world does not end, contrary to the first prediction by American preacher William Miller. April 30–May 16 – Naval Battle of Campeche, Naval Battle between the Mexican Navy versus the Texas Navy and the Yucatán Navy, the battle features the most advanced warships of its day. May 22 – The first major wagon train sfor the American Northwest sets out one thousand pioneers from Elm Grove. July 1 – Ulysses S. Grant graduates from West Point 21st from a class of 39, July 12 – Origin of Latter Day Saint polygamy, Joseph Smith, founder of the Latter Day Saint movement, proclaims a revelation recommending polygamy. August 19 – Edgar Allan Poes short story The Black Cat is first published, august 23 – Mexican President Antonio López de Santa Anna announces that the annexation of Texas by the United States would be considered an act of war by Mexico. October 13 – In New York City, Henry Jones and 11 others found Bnai Brith, november 28 – Ka La Kuokoa, The Kingdom of Hawaii is officially recognized by the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and July Monarchy France as an independent nation. Saint Louis University School of Law becomes the first law school west of the Mississippi River Abbeville, Louisiana is founded by descendants of Acadians from Nova Scotia. Senator from Minnesota from 1895 to 1923 February 3 – William Cornelius Van Horne, North American railway magnate February 27 – Thomas Lowry, lawyer and businessman March 8 – Arthur Brown, U. S. Senator from Utah from 1896 to 1897 March 17 – Henry Ware Lawton, general March 23 – Joseph F. Johnston, senator from Minnesota from 1883 to 1889 July 15 – Alfred W. Benson, U. S. Senator from Kansas from 1906 to 1907 July 19 – Francis J. Higginson, senator from Illinois from 1841 to 1843 March 31 – George A. Waggaman, U. S. Senator from Louisiana from 1831 to 1835 April 17 – Samuel Morey, inventor April 25 – John McCracken Robinson, U. S
5.
1845 in the United States
–
Events from the year 1845 in the United States. President, John Tyler, James K. Polk Vice President, vacant, George M. Dallas Chief Justice, Roger B. Taney Speaker of the House of Representatives, John Winston Jones, John Wesley Davis Congress, January 29 – The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe is published for the first time. February 1 – Anson Jones, President of the Republic of Texas, Baylor is the oldest university in the State of Texas operating under its original name. February 28 – The United States Congress approves the annexation of Texas, march 1 – President John Tyler signs a bill authorizing the United States to annex the Republic of Texas. March 3 – Florida is admitted as the 27th U. S. state, march 4 The United States Congress passes legislation overriding a presidential veto for the first time. James K. Polk succeeds John Tyler as President of the United States, april 10 – The Great Fire of Pittsburgh destroys much of the city of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. May – Frederick Douglasss Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, july 4 – Near Concord, Massachusetts, Henry David Thoreau embarks on a 2-year experiment in simple living at Walden Pond. July–August – In the United States Magazine and Democratic Review editor John L and it is the first use of the phrase Manifest Destiny. August 28 – The journal Scientific American begins publication, october 10 – In Annapolis, Maryland, the Naval School opens with 50 midshipmen students and 7 professors. October 13 – A majority of voters in the Republic of Texas approve a proposed constitution, october 21 – The New York Herald becomes the first newspaper to mention the game of baseball. October 22 – The New York Morning News becomes the first newspaper to include a box-score of a baseball game, december 5 – The Templars of Honor and Temperance is founded in the United States. December 6 – Alpha Sigma Phi Fraternity is founded, december 27 Anesthesia is used for childbirth for the first time. American journalist John L. OSullivan claims in an article that the United States has a Manifest Destiny to expand its borders. Its the second time he uses the term and it will have an influence on the American imperialistic movement of the 19th century. December 29 – Texas is admitted as the 28th U. S. state, spaniards find Lost Dutchman Mine, Arizona. Train, admiral May 18 – John B, allen, U. S. Bayley, admiral September 17 – Calvin S. Brice, U. S
6.
1846 in the United States
–
Events from the year 1846 in the United States. In this year, the United States declares war on Mexico, President, James K. Polk Vice President, George M. Dallas Chief Justice, Roger B. January 31 – The City of Milwaukee is incorporated in Wisconsin, merging Juneautown, Kilbourntown, solomon Juneau is elected first mayor. February 10 – Many Mormons begin their migration west from Nauvoo, Illinois to the Great Salt Lake, february 19 – In Austin, Texas, the newly formed Texas state government is officially installed. February 26 – The Liberty Bell is cracked while being rung for George Washingtons birthday, april 25 – Mexican-American War, Open conflict begins over border disputes of Texas boundaries. May 8 – Mexican-American War – Battle of Palo Alto, Zachary Taylor defeats a Mexican force north of the Rio Grande at Palo Alto, may 13 – Mexican-American War, The United States declares war on Mexico. June 10 – Mexican-American War, The California Republic declares independence from Mexico, june 14 – Bear Flag Revolt, American settlers in Sonoma, California start a rebellion against Mexico and proclaim the California Republic. June 15 – The Oregon Treaty establishes the 49th parallel as the border between the United States and Canada, from the Rocky Mountains to the Strait of Juan de Fuca, july 7 – Battle of Monterey, Acting on instructions from Washington, D. C. Commodore John Drake Sloat orders his troops to occupy Monterey and Yerba Buena thus beginning the United States annexation of California, august 10 – Establishment of the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D. C. November – The Donner Party becomes snowbound, december 28 – Iowa is admitted as the 29th U. S. state. The portion of the District of Columbia that was ceded by Virginia in 1790 is re-ceded to Virginia, elias Howe patents the sewing machine. Mexican–American War March 25 – William Lee D. Ewing, United States Senator from Illinois in 1834, september 5 – James Alexander, Jr. United States Representative from Ohio from 1837 till 1839. September 15 – Samuel A. Foote, 28th Governor of Connecticut from 1834 till 1835, United States Senator from Connecticut from 1827 till 1833. December 29 – Alexander Barrow, United States Senator from Louisiana from 1841 till 1846, with an introductory essay by Catherine Drinker Bowen. Media related to 1846 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons Smithsonian exhibit
7.
Flag of the United States
–
The flag of the United States, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. S. Nicknames for the flag include The Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, the current design of the U. S. flag is its 27th, the design of the flag has been modified officially 26 times since 1777. The 48-star flag was in effect for 47 years until the 49-star version became official on July 4,1959, the 50-star flag was ordered by the then president Eisenhower on August 21,1959, and was adopted in July 1960. It is the version of the U. S. flag and has been in use for over 56 years. At the time of the Declaration of Independence in July 1776, the flag contemporaneously known as the Continental Colors has historically been referred to as the first national flag. The name Grand Union was first applied to the Continental Colors by George Preble in his 1872 history of the American flag, the flag closely resembles the British East India Company flag of the era, and Sir Charles Fawcett argued in 1937 that the company flag inspired the design. Both flags could have been constructed by adding white stripes to a British Red Ensign. However, an East India Company flag could have nine to 13 stripes. In any case, both the stripes and the stars have precedents in classical heraldry, Flag Day is now observed on June 14 of each year. While scholars still argue about this, tradition holds that the new flag was first hoisted in June 1777 by the Continental Army at the Middlebrook encampment. The first official U. S. flag flown during battle was on August 3,1777, Massachusetts reinforcements brought news of the adoption by Congress of the official flag to Fort Schuyler. A voucher is extant that Capt. Swartwout of Dutchess County was paid by Congress for his coat for the flag, the 1777 resolution was most probably meant to define a naval ensign. In the late 18th century, the notion of a flag did not yet exist. The flag resolution appears between other resolutions from the Marine Committee, on May 10,1779, Secretary of the Board of War Richard Peters expressed concern it is not yet settled what is the Standard of the United States. However, the term, Standard, referred to a standard for the Army of the United States. Each regiment was to carry the standard in addition to its regimental standard. The national standard was not a reference to the national or naval flag, the appearance was up to the maker of the flag. Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows, one arrangement features 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle, the so-called Betsy Ross flag
8.
Timeline of United States history
–
This is a timeline of United States history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political and economic events in the United States and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of the United States, some dates before September 14,1752, when the British government adopted the Gregorian calendar, may be given in the Old Style
9.
Federal government of the United States
–
The Federal Government of the United States is the national government of the United States, a republic in North America, composed of 50 states, one district, Washington, D. C. and several territories. The federal government is composed of three branches, legislative, executive, and judicial, whose powers are vested by the U. S. Constitution in the Congress, the President, and the courts, including the Supreme Court. The powers and duties of these branches are defined by acts of Congress. The full name of the republic is United States of America, no other name appears in the Constitution, and this is the name that appears on money, in treaties, and in legal cases to which it is a party. The terms Government of the United States of America or United States Government are often used in documents to represent the federal government as distinct from the states collectively. In casual conversation or writing, the term Federal Government is often used, the terms Federal and National in government agency or program names generally indicate affiliation with the federal government. Because the seat of government is in Washington, D. C, Washington is commonly used as a metonym for the federal government. The outline of the government of the United States is laid out in the Constitution, the government was formed in 1789, making the United States one of the worlds first, if not the first, modern national constitutional republics. The United States government is based on the principles of federalism and republicanism, some make the case for expansive federal powers while others argue for a more limited role for the central government in relation to individuals, the states or other recognized entities. For example, while the legislative has the power to create law, the President nominates judges to the nations highest judiciary authority, but those nominees must be approved by Congress. The Supreme Court, in its turn, has the power to invalidate as unconstitutional any law passed by the Congress and these and other examples are examined in more detail in the text below. The United States Congress is the branch of the federal government. It is bicameral, comprising the House of Representatives and the Senate, the House currently consists of 435 voting members, each of whom represents a congressional district. The number of each state has in the House is based on each states population as determined in the most recent United States Census. All 435 representatives serve a two-year term, each state receives a minimum of one representative in the House. There is no limit on the number of terms a representative may serve, in addition to the 435 voting members, there are six non-voting members, consisting of five delegates and one resident commissioner. In contrast, the Senate is made up of two senators from each state, regardless of population, there are currently 100 senators, who each serve six-year terms
.svg)
Media related to 1844 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
