The 1876 Massachusetts gubernatorial election was held on November 7. Incumbent Republican Governor Alexander H. Rice was re-elected to a second term in office over former Minister to Great Britain Charles F. Adams.

Alexander Hamilton Rice was an American politician and businessman from Massachusetts. He served as Mayor of Boston from 1856 to 1857, a U.S. Congressman during the American Civil War, and as the 30th Governor of Massachusetts from 1876 to 1879. He was part owner and president of Rice-Kendall, one of the nation's largest paper products distributors.