1.
1886
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As of the start of 1886, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. January 1 – Upper Burma is formally annexed to British Burma, january 5 – Publication of Robert Louis Stevensons novella Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde. January 18 – Modern field hockey is born with the formation of The Hockey Association in England, january 29 – Karl Benz patents the first successful gasoline-driven automobile, the Benz Patent-Motorwagen. February 14 – The first train load of oranges leaves Los Angeles via the transcontinental railroad, march 3 – The Treaty of Bucharest ends the Serbo-Bulgarian War in the Balkans. March 8 – Anti-Chinese sentiments result in riots in Seattle, USA, march 16 – A law establishing the Kiel Canal is adopted. March 17 – Carrollton Massacre,20 African Americans are killed in Mississippi, march 29 – Wilhelm Steinitz becomes first recognized World Chess Champion. April 4 – William Ewart Gladstone introduces the First Irish Home Rule Bill in the Parliament of the United Kingdom, april 6 – Vancouver in British Columbia is incorporated. April 25 – Easter occurs on the latest possible date, may 4 A general strike begins in the United States, which escalates into the Haymarket Riot and eventually wins the eight-hour day for workers. Emile Berliner starts work that leads to the invention of the gramophone, may 8 – American pharmacist Dr. John Pemberton invents a carbonated beverage that will be named Coca-Cola. May 15 – Portugal and France agree to regulate the borders of their colonies in Guinea, may 17 Motherwell Football Club is founded in Scotland. Santa Clara County v. Southern Pacific Railroad, The U. S. Supreme Court rules that corporations have the rights as living persons. May 29 – John Pemberton begins to advertise Coca-Cola, June 2 – U. S. President Grover Cleveland marries Frances Folsom in the White House, becoming the only President of the United States to wed in the executive mansion. She is 27 years his junior, June 3 – Uganda Martyrs, Charles Lwanga, twelve other Catholic boys and men and nine Anglicans are burned to death at the orders of Kabaka Mwanga II of Buganda in Namugongo. June 10 – The Mount Tarawera volcano erupts in New Zealand, resulting in the deaths of over 150 people, June 12 – King Ludwig II of Bavaria is detained as part of a deposition, drowning the following day under mysterious circumstances. Six weeks later his unfinished Neuschwanstein Castle is opened to the public, June 13 – The Great Vancouver Fire devastates much of Vancouver, British Columbia. June 30 – The Royal Holloway College for women is opened by Queen Victoria near London in England, july 3 – Karl Benz officially unveils the Benz Patent Motorwagen. July 9 – Charles Hall files a patent for his process of turning aluminium oxide into molten aluminium, july 23 – Steve Brodie fakes a jump from the Brooklyn Bridge. July 25 – Robert Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury becomes Great Britains 30th Prime Minister, july 31 – Death of Hungarian composer Franz Liszt
2.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
3.
1884 in the United States
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Events from the year 1884 in the United States. President, Chester A. Arthur Vice President, vacant Chief Justice, Morrison Waite Speaker of the House of Representatives, John G. Carlisle Congress, may 1 – The eight-hour workday is first proclaimed by the Federation of Organized Trades and Labor Unions in the United States. May 1, called May Day or Labour Day, is now a holiday recognized in almost every industrialized country, june 13 – LaMarcus Adna Thompson opens the Gravity Pleasure Switchback Railway at Coney Island, New York City. August 5 – The cornerstone for the Statue of Liberty is laid on Bedloes Island in New York Harbor, August 10 – An earthquake measuring 5.5 Mfa affected a very large portion of the eastern United States. The shock had a maximum Mercalli intensity of VII, chimneys were toppled in New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, and Pennsylvania. Property damage was severe in Jamaica and Amityville in New York, September 5 – Staten Island Academy is founded. October – International Meridian Conference in Washington, D. C. fixes the Greenwich meridian as the prime meridian. October 6 – The United States Naval War College is established in Newport, december 1 – American Old West, Near Frisco, New Mexico, deputy sheriff Elfego Baca holds off a gang of 80 Texan cowboys who want to kill him for arresting cowboy Charles McCarthy. December 6 – The Washington Monument is completed, december 16 – The World Cotton Centennial Worlds Fair opens in New Orleans, Louisiana. Mark Twain writes The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, helen Hunt Jackson completes and publishes Ramona. The water hyacinth is introduced in the U. S. gilded Age Depression of 1882–85 January 1 – Edwin C. Johnson, United States Senator from Colorado from 1955 till 1957, March 11 – Sheridan Downey, United States Senator from California from 1939 till 1950. March 22 – Arthur H. Vandenberg, United States Senator from Michigan from 1928 till 1951, March 31 – James P. Pope, United States Senator from Idaho from 1933 till 1939. April 1 – George A. Wilson, United States Senator from Iowa from 1943 till 1949, may 8 – Harry S. Truman, 33rd President of the United States from 1945 till 1953, 34th Vice President of the United States from January till April 1945. June 21 – Garrett L. Withers, United States Senator from Kentucky from 1949 till 1950,6 May — Judah P.23 August — LeRoy Pope Walker, 1st Confederate States Secretary of War 2 September — Henry B. Anthony, United States Senator from Rhode Island from 1859 till 1884, media related to 1884 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
4.
1885 in the United States
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Events from the year 1885 in the United States. President, Chester A. Arthur, Grover Cleveland Vice President, until March 4, vacant March 4–November 25, Thomas A. Hendricks starting November 25, vacant Chief Justice, Morrison Waite Speaker of the House of Representatives, John G. Carlisle Congress, February 16 – Charles Dow publishes the first edition of the Dow Jones Industrial Average. The index stood at a level of 62.76, and represented the average of 14 stocks,12 railroads. February 21 – United States President Chester A. Arthur dedicates the Washington Monument, March 3 – A subsidiary of the American Bell Telephone Company, American Telephone and Telegraph, is incorporated in New York. March 4 – Grover Cleveland is inaugurated as President of the United States, april 30 – A bill is signed in the New York State legislature forming the Niagara Falls State Park. May – The Depression of 1882–85 ends, june 17 – The Statue of Liberty arrives in New York Harbor. July 14 – Sarah E. Goode is the first female African-American to apply for and receive a patent, august 25 – Laura Ingalls Wilder married Almanzo Wilder. September 2 – The Rock Springs massacre occurs in Rock Springs, Wyoming,150 white miners attack their Chinese coworkers, killing 28, wounding 15, september 8 – Saint Thomas Academy is founded in Minnesota. October 13 – The Georgia Institute of Technology is established in Atlanta, November 25 – Vice President Thomas A. Patent Office acknowledges this date as the day Dr Pepper is served for the very first time, the first skyscraper is built in Chicago, Illinois, USA. Michigan Technological University opens its doors for the first time in what is now the Houghton County Fire Hall, camp Dudley, the oldest continually running boys camp in America, is founded. January 24 – Martin Delany, African-American abolitionist, journalist, and physician February 12 – Alexandre Mouton, United States Senator from Louisiana from 1843 till 1846. May 4 – Irvin McDowell, Union Army officer known for their defeat in the First Battle of Bull Run July 23 – Ulysses S. Grant, september 3 – William M. Gwin, United States Senator from California from 1850 till 1855 and from 1857 till 1861. McClellan, soldier, civil engineer, railroad executive, and politician November 25 – Thomas A. Hendricks, december 15 – Robert Toombs, United States Senator from Georgia from 1853 till 1861. December 29 – James E. Bailey, United States Senator from Tennessee from 1877 till 1881, media related to 1885 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
5.
1887 in the United States
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Events from the year 1887 in the United States. January 28 – In a snowstorm at Fort Keogh, Montana and they are 15 inches wide and 8 inches thick. February 2 – In Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania, the first Groundhog Day is observed, February 4 – The Interstate Commerce Act, passed by Congress, is signed into law, with the intention of regulating the railroad industry. February – The Atlanta Cyclorama is first displayed in Detroit as Logans Great Battle, March 3 – Anne Sullivan begins teaching Helen Keller. March 7 – North Carolina State University is established as North Carolina College of Agriculture, March 19 – Cogswell College is established as a high school by Dr. Henry D. Cogswell in San Francisco, the first technical training institution in the West. April 4 – Argonia, Kansas elects Susanna M. Salter as the first female mayor in the U. S, may 14 – The cornerstone of the new Stanford University, in northern California, is laid. June 28 – Minot, North Dakota is incorporated as a city, august – The U. S. National Institutes of Health is founded at the Marine Hospital, Staten Island, New York, as the Laboratory of Hygiene. Teachers College, later part of Columbia University, is founded by Grace Hoadley Dodge as the New York School for the Training of Teachers, gilded Age January 22 – David W. Stewart, U. S. Senator from Iowa from 1926 to 1927 February 6 – Ernest Gruening, senator from Alabama in 1946 March 8 – Henry Ward Beecher, clergyman and reformer March 26 – Walt Whitman, poet, essayist and journalist May 19 – Charles E. Stuart, U. S. Senator from California from 1873 to 1879 November 8 – Doc Holliday, gunfighter and gambler Media related to 1887 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
6.
1888 in the United States
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Events from the year 1888 in the United States. February 27 – In West Orange, New Jersey, Thomas Edison meets with Eadweard Muybridge, march 8 – The Agriculture College of Utah, is founded in Logan, Utah. March 11 – The Great Blizzard of 1888 begins along the East Coast of the United States, shutting down commerce, may 1 – The United States Congress establishes the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation. May 5 –The IAM was founded in Atlanta, Ga June 19 – In Chicago, benjamin Harrison and Levi Morton win the nominations for President and Vice President, respectively. This date can be called the birthday of the touch typing method that becomes widely used, october 9 – The Washington Monument officially opens to the general public in D. C. November 27 – The sorority Delta Delta Delta is founded at Boston University, November 29 – Celebration of Thanksgiving and the first day of Hanukkah coincide. Anthony organizes a Congress for Womens Rights in Washington, D. C, the Baldwin School is founded in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania. President of the United States Grover Cleveland declares the Chinese impossible of assimilation with our people and dangerous to our peace, katzs Delicatessen is founded in the Lower East Side of Manhattan. January 20 – Huddie William Ledbetter, folk and blues singer February 22 – Owen Brewster, U. S. Senator from Arkansas from 1937 to 1941 July 5 – Herbert Spencer Gasser, physiologist, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1944 July 10 – Hazel Abel, U. S. Senator from Nebraska in 1954 July 23 – Raymond Chandler, novelist July 31 – William Warren Barbour, senator from New Jersey from 1931 to 1937 August 19 – Sam G. Bratton, U. S. Senator from New Mexico from 1925 to 1933 September 2 – Charles C, senator from Georgia from 1833 to 1837 August 22 – Charles W. Cathcart, U. S. Senator from Indiana from 1845 to 1853 November 20 – Nathaniel Currier, illustrator Media related to 1888 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
7.
Flag of the United States
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The flag of the United States, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. S. Nicknames for the flag include The Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, the current design of the U. S. flag is its 27th, the design of the flag has been modified officially 26 times since 1777. The 48-star flag was in effect for 47 years until the 49-star version became official on July 4,1959, the 50-star flag was ordered by the then president Eisenhower on August 21,1959, and was adopted in July 1960. It is the version of the U. S. flag and has been in use for over 56 years. At the time of the Declaration of Independence in July 1776, the flag contemporaneously known as the Continental Colors has historically been referred to as the first national flag. The name Grand Union was first applied to the Continental Colors by George Preble in his 1872 history of the American flag, the flag closely resembles the British East India Company flag of the era, and Sir Charles Fawcett argued in 1937 that the company flag inspired the design. Both flags could have been constructed by adding white stripes to a British Red Ensign. However, an East India Company flag could have nine to 13 stripes. In any case, both the stripes and the stars have precedents in classical heraldry, Flag Day is now observed on June 14 of each year. While scholars still argue about this, tradition holds that the new flag was first hoisted in June 1777 by the Continental Army at the Middlebrook encampment. The first official U. S. flag flown during battle was on August 3,1777, Massachusetts reinforcements brought news of the adoption by Congress of the official flag to Fort Schuyler. A voucher is extant that Capt. Swartwout of Dutchess County was paid by Congress for his coat for the flag, the 1777 resolution was most probably meant to define a naval ensign. In the late 18th century, the notion of a flag did not yet exist. The flag resolution appears between other resolutions from the Marine Committee, on May 10,1779, Secretary of the Board of War Richard Peters expressed concern it is not yet settled what is the Standard of the United States. However, the term, Standard, referred to a standard for the Army of the United States. Each regiment was to carry the standard in addition to its regimental standard. The national standard was not a reference to the national or naval flag, the appearance was up to the maker of the flag. Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows, one arrangement features 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle, the so-called Betsy Ross flag
8.
Timeline of United States history
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This is a timeline of United States history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political and economic events in the United States and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of the United States, some dates before September 14,1752, when the British government adopted the Gregorian calendar, may be given in the Old Style
9.
Federal government of the United States
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The Federal Government of the United States is the national government of the United States, a republic in North America, composed of 50 states, one district, Washington, D. C. and several territories. The federal government is composed of three branches, legislative, executive, and judicial, whose powers are vested by the U. S. Constitution in the Congress, the President, and the courts, including the Supreme Court. The powers and duties of these branches are defined by acts of Congress. The full name of the republic is United States of America, no other name appears in the Constitution, and this is the name that appears on money, in treaties, and in legal cases to which it is a party. The terms Government of the United States of America or United States Government are often used in documents to represent the federal government as distinct from the states collectively. In casual conversation or writing, the term Federal Government is often used, the terms Federal and National in government agency or program names generally indicate affiliation with the federal government. Because the seat of government is in Washington, D. C, Washington is commonly used as a metonym for the federal government. The outline of the government of the United States is laid out in the Constitution, the government was formed in 1789, making the United States one of the worlds first, if not the first, modern national constitutional republics. The United States government is based on the principles of federalism and republicanism, some make the case for expansive federal powers while others argue for a more limited role for the central government in relation to individuals, the states or other recognized entities. For example, while the legislative has the power to create law, the President nominates judges to the nations highest judiciary authority, but those nominees must be approved by Congress. The Supreme Court, in its turn, has the power to invalidate as unconstitutional any law passed by the Congress and these and other examples are examined in more detail in the text below. The United States Congress is the branch of the federal government. It is bicameral, comprising the House of Representatives and the Senate, the House currently consists of 435 voting members, each of whom represents a congressional district. The number of each state has in the House is based on each states population as determined in the most recent United States Census. All 435 representatives serve a two-year term, each state receives a minimum of one representative in the House. There is no limit on the number of terms a representative may serve, in addition to the 435 voting members, there are six non-voting members, consisting of five delegates and one resident commissioner. In contrast, the Senate is made up of two senators from each state, regardless of population, there are currently 100 senators, who each serve six-year terms
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Media related to 1886 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
