1.
1889
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As of the start of 1889, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. January 1 A total eclipse of the Sun is seen over parts of California, wovoka experiences a vision leading to the start of the Ghost Dance movement in the Dakotas. January 4 – An Act to Regulate Appointments in the Marine Hospital Service of the United States is signed by President Grover Cleveland and it establishes a Commissioned Corps of officers as a predecessor to the modern-day U. S. January 5 – Preston North End F. C. is declared the winner of the inaugural Football League in England, january 8 – Herman Hollerith receives a patent for his electric tabulating machine in the United States. January 15 – The Coca-Cola Company is originally incorporated as the Pemberton Medicine Company in Atlanta, january 22 – Columbia Phonograph is formed in Washington, D. C. January 30 – Rudolf, Crown Prince of Austria, and his mistress Baroness Mary Vetsera commit a suicide in the Mayerling hunting lodge. February 5 – The first issue of Glasgow University Magazine is published, February 15 – The first issue of La Solidaridad is published. February 11 – The Meiji Constitution of Japan is adopted, the 1st Diet of Japan convenes in 1890, February 22 – President Grover Cleveland signs a bill admitting North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana and Washington as U. S. states. March 4 – Benjamin Harrison is sworn in as President of the United States, March 9 – Yohannes IV, Emperor of Ethiopia, is killed in the Battle of Metemma, Sudanese forces, who had been almost defeated, rally and destroy the Ethiopian army. Yohannes is probably the worlds last ruler ever to die in battle, Menelik II proclaims himself as the successor on March 25. March 11 – The North Carolina Legislature issues a charter for the creation of Elon College, March 15 – Samoan crisis, German and American warships keep each other at bay in a standoff in Apia harbor, ending when a cyclone blows in and sinks them all. March 22 – English Association football team Sheffield United F. C. formed at the Adelphi Hotel, March 23 – Claiming to be the Promised Messiah and Mahdi, Mirza Ghulam Ahmad founds the Ahmadiyya Muslim community in Punjab Province. March 31 – The Eiffel Tower is inaugurated, at 300 m, its height exceeds the previous tallest structure in the world by 130 m. Contemporary critics regard it as aesthetically displeasing, april 1 – Following a failed attempt at a coup, French defense minister Georges Boulanger is forced to flee the country. April 10 – The Hammarby Roddförening is founded in Sweden, april 16 – Charlie Chaplin is born in London, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. April 20 – Adolf Hitler is born at Braunau am Inn in Austria-Hungary on the border with Bavaria, april 22 – At high noon in Oklahoma Territory, thousands rush to claim land in the Land Rush of 1889. Within hours the cities of Oklahoma City and Guthrie are formed, may 2 – Menelik II, Emperor of Ethiopia, signs a treaty of amity with Italy, giving Italy control over what will become Eritrea. May 6 – The Exposition Universelle opens in Paris with the Eiffel Tower as its entrance arch, the Galerie des machines, at 111 m, spans the longest interior space in the world at this time
2.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
3.
1887 in the United States
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Events from the year 1887 in the United States. January 28 – In a snowstorm at Fort Keogh, Montana and they are 15 inches wide and 8 inches thick. February 2 – In Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania, the first Groundhog Day is observed, February 4 – The Interstate Commerce Act, passed by Congress, is signed into law, with the intention of regulating the railroad industry. February – The Atlanta Cyclorama is first displayed in Detroit as Logans Great Battle, March 3 – Anne Sullivan begins teaching Helen Keller. March 7 – North Carolina State University is established as North Carolina College of Agriculture, March 19 – Cogswell College is established as a high school by Dr. Henry D. Cogswell in San Francisco, the first technical training institution in the West. April 4 – Argonia, Kansas elects Susanna M. Salter as the first female mayor in the U. S, may 14 – The cornerstone of the new Stanford University, in northern California, is laid. June 28 – Minot, North Dakota is incorporated as a city, august – The U. S. National Institutes of Health is founded at the Marine Hospital, Staten Island, New York, as the Laboratory of Hygiene. Teachers College, later part of Columbia University, is founded by Grace Hoadley Dodge as the New York School for the Training of Teachers, gilded Age January 22 – David W. Stewart, U. S. Senator from Iowa from 1926 to 1927 February 6 – Ernest Gruening, senator from Alabama in 1946 March 8 – Henry Ward Beecher, clergyman and reformer March 26 – Walt Whitman, poet, essayist and journalist May 19 – Charles E. Stuart, U. S. Senator from California from 1873 to 1879 November 8 – Doc Holliday, gunfighter and gambler Media related to 1887 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
4.
1888 in the United States
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Events from the year 1888 in the United States. February 27 – In West Orange, New Jersey, Thomas Edison meets with Eadweard Muybridge, march 8 – The Agriculture College of Utah, is founded in Logan, Utah. March 11 – The Great Blizzard of 1888 begins along the East Coast of the United States, shutting down commerce, may 1 – The United States Congress establishes the Fort Belknap Indian Reservation. May 5 –The IAM was founded in Atlanta, Ga June 19 – In Chicago, benjamin Harrison and Levi Morton win the nominations for President and Vice President, respectively. This date can be called the birthday of the touch typing method that becomes widely used, october 9 – The Washington Monument officially opens to the general public in D. C. November 27 – The sorority Delta Delta Delta is founded at Boston University, November 29 – Celebration of Thanksgiving and the first day of Hanukkah coincide. Anthony organizes a Congress for Womens Rights in Washington, D. C, the Baldwin School is founded in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania. President of the United States Grover Cleveland declares the Chinese impossible of assimilation with our people and dangerous to our peace, katzs Delicatessen is founded in the Lower East Side of Manhattan. January 20 – Huddie William Ledbetter, folk and blues singer February 22 – Owen Brewster, U. S. Senator from Arkansas from 1937 to 1941 July 5 – Herbert Spencer Gasser, physiologist, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1944 July 10 – Hazel Abel, U. S. Senator from Nebraska in 1954 July 23 – Raymond Chandler, novelist July 31 – William Warren Barbour, senator from New Jersey from 1931 to 1937 August 19 – Sam G. Bratton, U. S. Senator from New Mexico from 1925 to 1933 September 2 – Charles C, senator from Georgia from 1833 to 1837 August 22 – Charles W. Cathcart, U. S. Senator from Indiana from 1845 to 1853 November 20 – Nathaniel Currier, illustrator Media related to 1888 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
5.
1890 in the United States
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Events from the year 1890 in the United States. President, Benjamin Harrison Vice President, Levi P, January 2 – Alice Sanger becomes the first female staffer in the White House. January 22 – The United Mine Workers is founded, January 25 – Nellie Bly completes her round-the-world journey in 72 days. February 24 – Chicago is selected to host the Columbian Exposition, March 2–7 – The Cherry Creek Campaign occurs in Arizona Territory. March 3 – The first American football game in Ohio State University history is played in Delaware, Ohio against Ohio Wesleyan University, March 8 – North Dakota State University is founded in Fargo, North Dakota. March 27 – A tornado strikes Louisville, Kentucky, killing 76 people, March 28 – Washington State University is founded in Pullman, Washington. May - National American Woman Suffrage Association established, may 2 – Oklahoma Territory is organized. May 31 – The 5-story skylight Arcade opens in Cleveland, Ohio, june 1 – The United States Census Bureau begins using Herman Holleriths tabulating machine to record census returns using punched card input, a landmark in the history of computing hardware. June 12 – In Michigan, the wooden steamer Ryan is lost near Thunder Bay Island, june 20 – The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde published by Philadelphia-based Lippincotts Monthly Magazine. July 2 – The Sherman Antitrust Act becomes United States law, july 3 – Idaho is admitted as the 43rd U. S. State. July 10 – Wyoming is admitted as the 44th U. S. State, july 13 – In Minnesota, storms result in the Sea Wing disaster on Lake Pepin killing 98. August 6 – At Auburn Prison in New York, William Kemmler becomes the first person to be executed in the electric chair, september 25 – Sequoia National Park created. October 1 – Yosemite National Park created, october 11 – In Washington, DC, the Daughters of the American Revolution is founded. October 13 The Delta Chi Fraternity is founded by 11 law students at Cornell University in Ithaca, warner is lost at Thunder Bay. November 29 – In West Point, New York, the United States Navy defeats the United States Army 24-0 in the first Army-Navy football game. December 24 – The Oklahoma territorial legislature establishes three institutions of higher learning University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma State University, and University of Central Oklahoma. December 29 – Wounded Knee Massacre, Near Wounded Knee Creek, South Dakota the U. S. 7th Cavalry Regiment tries to disarm a Native American camp,153 Lakota Sioux and 25 troops are killed, about 150 flee the scene. The United States city of Boise, Idaho drills the first geothermal well, the corrugated cardboard box is invented by Robert Gair, a Brooklyn printer who developed production of paper-board boxes in 1879
6.
1891 in the United States
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Events from the year 1891 in the United States. President, Benjamin Harrison Vice President, Levi P, January 29 – Liliuokalani is proclaimed Queen of Hawaii. March 3 – The International Copyright Act of 1891 is passed by the Fifty-first United States Congress, march 14 – In New Orleans, a lynch mob storms the Old Parish Prison and lynches 11 Italians who had been found not guilty of the murder of Police Chief David Hennessy. March 15 – Jesse W. Reno patents the first escalator at Coney Beach, april 1 – The Wrigley Company is founded in Chicago. May 5 – The Music Hall in New York has its opening and first public performance. May 20 – Thomas Edisons prototype kinetoscope is first displayed at Edisons Laboratory, june 1 – The Johnstown Inclined Plane opens in Johnstown, Pennsylvania. June 21 – First long-distance transmission of alternating current by the Ames power plant near Telluride, Colorado by Lucien, october 1 – Stanford University in California opens its doors. November 28 – The International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers is organized in St. Louis, december 17 – Drexel University is inaugurated as the Drexel Institute of Art, Science and Industry in Philadelphia. Seattle University is established as the Immaculate Conception school, gilded Age Gay Nineties Progressive Era Garza Revolution in Texas and Mexico January 1 – Charles Bickford, actor January 2 – Charles P. S. March 6 George M. Chilcott, United States Senator from Colorado from 1882 till 1883, joshua Hill, United States Senator from Georgia from 1871 till 1873. June 21 – Joseph E. McDonald, United States Senator from Indiana from 1875 to 1881, july 4 – Hannibal Hamlin, 15th Vice President of the United States from 1861 to 1865. Pomeroy, United States Senator from Kansas from 1861 till 1873, plumb, United States Senator from Kansas from 1877 till 1891. List of American films of the 1890s Media related to 1891 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
7.
Flag of the United States
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The flag of the United States, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. S. Nicknames for the flag include The Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, the current design of the U. S. flag is its 27th, the design of the flag has been modified officially 26 times since 1777. The 48-star flag was in effect for 47 years until the 49-star version became official on July 4,1959, the 50-star flag was ordered by the then president Eisenhower on August 21,1959, and was adopted in July 1960. It is the version of the U. S. flag and has been in use for over 56 years. At the time of the Declaration of Independence in July 1776, the flag contemporaneously known as the Continental Colors has historically been referred to as the first national flag. The name Grand Union was first applied to the Continental Colors by George Preble in his 1872 history of the American flag, the flag closely resembles the British East India Company flag of the era, and Sir Charles Fawcett argued in 1937 that the company flag inspired the design. Both flags could have been constructed by adding white stripes to a British Red Ensign. However, an East India Company flag could have nine to 13 stripes. In any case, both the stripes and the stars have precedents in classical heraldry, Flag Day is now observed on June 14 of each year. While scholars still argue about this, tradition holds that the new flag was first hoisted in June 1777 by the Continental Army at the Middlebrook encampment. The first official U. S. flag flown during battle was on August 3,1777, Massachusetts reinforcements brought news of the adoption by Congress of the official flag to Fort Schuyler. A voucher is extant that Capt. Swartwout of Dutchess County was paid by Congress for his coat for the flag, the 1777 resolution was most probably meant to define a naval ensign. In the late 18th century, the notion of a flag did not yet exist. The flag resolution appears between other resolutions from the Marine Committee, on May 10,1779, Secretary of the Board of War Richard Peters expressed concern it is not yet settled what is the Standard of the United States. However, the term, Standard, referred to a standard for the Army of the United States. Each regiment was to carry the standard in addition to its regimental standard. The national standard was not a reference to the national or naval flag, the appearance was up to the maker of the flag. Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows, one arrangement features 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle, the so-called Betsy Ross flag
8.
Timeline of United States history
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This is a timeline of United States history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political and economic events in the United States and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of the United States, some dates before September 14,1752, when the British government adopted the Gregorian calendar, may be given in the Old Style
9.
U.S. state
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A U. S. state is a constituent political entity of the United States of America. There are 50 states, which are together in a union with each other. Each state holds administrative jurisdiction over a geographic territory. Due to the shared sovereignty between each state and the government, Americans are citizens of both the federal republic and of the state in which they reside. State citizenship and residency are flexible, and no government approval is required to move between states, except for persons covered by certain types of court orders. States range in population from just under 600,000 to over 39 million, four states use the term commonwealth rather than state in their full official names. States are divided into counties or county-equivalents, which may be assigned some local authority but are not sovereign. County or county-equivalent structure varies widely by state, State governments are allocated power by the people through their individual constitutions. All are grounded in principles, and each provides for a government. States possess a number of powers and rights under the United States Constitution, Constitution has been amended, and the interpretation and application of its provisions have changed. The general tendency has been toward centralization and incorporation, with the government playing a much larger role than it once did. There is a debate over states rights, which concerns the extent and nature of the states powers and sovereignty in relation to the federal government. States and their residents are represented in the federal Congress, a legislature consisting of the Senate. Each state is represented in the Senate by two senators, and is guaranteed at least one Representative in the House, members of the House are elected from single-member districts. Representatives are distributed among the states in proportion to the most recent constitutionally mandated decennial census, the Constitution grants to Congress the authority to admit new states into the Union. Since the establishment of the United States in 1776, the number of states has expanded from the original 13 to 50, alaska and Hawaii are the most recent states admitted, both in 1959. The Constitution is silent on the question of states have the power to secede from the Union. Shortly after the Civil War, the U. S. Supreme Court, in Texas v. White, as a result, while the governments of the various states share many similar features, they often vary greatly with regard to form and substance
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