1.
Virginia Tech Hokies football
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The Virginia Tech Hokies football team, represents Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in the sport of American football. The Hokies compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision of the National Collegiate Athletic Association and they previously competed in the Big East. Their home games are played at Lane Stadium, located in Blacksburg, Lane Stadium is considered to be one of the loudest stadiums in the country, being voted number one in ESPNs Top 20 Scariest Places to Play. Also, it was recognized in 2005 by Rivals. com as having the best home-field advantage in the country and it is currently the 31st largest stadium in college football. In 124 seasons, the Hokies have won over 700 games and appeared in 30 bowl games, with 24 consecutive bowl appearances, beginning in 1993, the Hokies currently have the longest bowl game streak in the country recognized by the NCAA. The program has claimed ten conference titles and produced eight All-Americans. Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College first played football on October 21,1892 against St. Albans Lutheran Boys School, the game took place on a plowed off wheat field that was about as level as a side of Brush Mountain. The Hokies won their first game 14–10, but were defeated 10–0 eight days later on a trip to Radford. The 1899,1901, and 1903 teams lost only to rival Virginia, star player Hunter Carpenter returned to Virginia Tech in 1905, after a year at the University of North Carolina, for a last shot at beating Virginia. Carpenter helped lead VPI to a 9–1 record, the best in history up to that time. He was never named to the All-America team only because Walter Camp, the 1909 team claim a southern championship. This is the first season the team was referred to in print as the Gobblers, at the end of the 1911 season, VPI joined the South Atlantic Intercollegiate Athletic Association. They won the conference in 1916 and 1918, after 1921, the SAIAA was dissolved and six of its schools became founding members of the Southern Conference. From 1925 to 1928, Tech was led by Frank Peake and he was joined by Scotty MacArthur, Herbert Mac McEver and Tommy Tomko. In 1927, during a 6 to 0 upset of the Colgate Red Raiders in New York, Peake ran for nearly 200 yards, during one three-game stretch, he accumulated rushing and return yardage of 306,314 and 353 yards. He was credited with gaining 1,761 yards in eight games,930 were from scrimmage, and 831 on punts and kickoffs. In 1928 the game against Virginia he came off the sideline with a hip to return a punt for a touchdown. In 1932, Tech upset Georgia 7–6, Bill Grinus blocked the tying extra point
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Virginia Tech
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Through its Corps of Cadets ROTC program, Virginia Tech is also designated as one of six senior military colleges in the country. Under the 1891–1907 presidency of John M. McBryde, the school organized its academic programs into a traditional four-year college, the evolution of the schools programs led to a name change in 1896 to Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute. The Agricultural and Mechanical College portion of the name was popularly omitted almost immediately, in 1944, in 1923, VPI changed a policy of compulsory participation in the Corps of Cadets from four years to two years. In 1931, VPI began teaching classes at the Norfolk Division of the College of William and this program eventually developed into a two-year engineering program that allowed students to transfer to VPI for their final two years of degree work. In 1943, VPI merged with nearby Radford State Teachers College, which became VPIs womens division, today, Radford University enrolls more than 9,900 students and offers more than 150 undergraduate and graduate programs. During Hahns tenure, not only did the university graduate its first Rhodes Scholar, lewis, Class of 1963, the requirement for male students to participate in the Corps of Cadets for two years was dropped. Beginning in the fall 1973, women could participate in the corps, in 1970, the state legislature allowed VPI university status and gave it the present legal name, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. However, diplomas and transcripts still spell out the formal name, similarly, the abbreviation VT is far more common today than either VPI or VPI&SU. The early decades of this century have seen expansion across the universitys institutions in both physical and population sizes, former President Charles Steger brought Virginia Tech an allopathic medical school in 2007. The Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine and Research Institute was created with a partnership with the Carilion Clinic. These years also brought about the development of the universitys professional schools of graduate education. Virginia Tech brought in over a half-billion in research expenditures in 2014, on April 16,2007, Virginia Tech student Seung-Hui Cho fatally shot 32 faculty members and students, wounding 17 others before killing himself on campus. The massacre is the deadliest mass shooting on a college campus, although it was at the time the deadliest mass shooting committed by a lone gunman in U. S. history, it has since been surpassed by the 2016 Orlando nightclub shooting. These colleges/schools include, Virginia Tech received a number of nearly 22,500 applications for the fall 2015 freshman class. The typical student offered admission had a grade point average of 4.00. The average cumulative SAT score was 1250, with a middle range ranging from 1160 to 1340, of the 5,518 students who accepted the offers of admission,18 percent accepted under the Early Decision Plan. The Office of Undergraduate Admissions is located within the Visitor and Undergraduate Admissions Center, once admitted, Honors students are required to maintain a 3.5 GPA in order to remain in the program. For the 2013–14 academic year, the Graduate School at Virginia Tech enrolled 6,723 graduate students in its masters, the Pamplin College of Business, received 381 applications for its incoming Evening MBA program, and offered admission to 142
3.
Emory and Henry Wasps
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The Emory & Henry Wasps are the athletic teams that represent Emory and Henry College, located in Emory, Virginia, in NCAA Division III intercollegiate sports. The Wasps compete as members of the Old Dominion Athletic Conference, altogether, Emory & Henry sponsors 15 sports,7 for men and 8 for women. The Emory and Henry football team came under investigation for alleged violations of NCAA bylaws in 2014, the allegations came to public attention after the resignation of former coach Don Montgomery from the football program and departure of the Colleges president, Dr. Rosalind Reichard. The student newspaper reported that allegations were due to lack of control of the athletic department The official Emory and Henry mascot is the Wasps. Though Emory and Henry was beaten 27–0, legend has it that the paper declared that those Virginia boys stung like wasps. The Emory and Henry basketball teams unofficial mascot is a dog named Pete, Pete is a reference to the late Emory and Henry basketball coach Bob Johnsons Labrador retriever. Pete was often seen sitting beside Coach Johnson during games at the King Center, the E&H Wasps are credited with inventing an American football offensive formation, named in the colleges honor, that divides the offensive line and wide receivers into three groupings of three. The formation is featured on EA Sports NCAA Football 07 video game as well, E&H also boasted the nations longest home game winning streak in 1999 at 37 games. In 2004, Yall magazine listed Emory and Henry among the 40 colleges and universities in the South with the greatest football traditions, not to be overshadowed by neighboring Division I powerhouses. Winning seasons plus pride and pageantry equals one of the greatest Southern football traditions. The Wasps oldest current football rival is Hampden-Sydney College who first played the Wasps in 1922, Emory and Henry College has had three players drafted to the NFL over the years. The most notable being Sonny Wade who went on to several years in the CFL
4.
Emory, Virginia
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Emory is a census-designated place in Washington County, Virginia, United States. The population was 1,251 at the 2010 census, the Emory post office was established in 1847. The community is named for and is the location of Emory and Henry College
5.
Randolph-Macon Academy
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Randolph-Macon Academy is a coeducational college preparatory school for students in grades 6–12 and postgraduates in Front Royal, Virginia, US. The school was founded in 1892 and features both boarding and day programs, Randolph-Macon Academy is affiliated with the United Methodist Church. The 135-acre campus overlooks Front Royal, and is located 70 miles west of Washington and it is one of six private military schools in Virginia. Upper school students are required to participate in the Air Force JROTC program, the program focuses on teaching leadership skills, citizenship responsibilities, and the importance of community service. In 2012, R-MA became one of eight schools in the U. S. to be named a Falcon Foundation School, in addition, the school hosts the only private in-house aviation program in the nation. The Academy owns two Cessna 172s, and the instructors, Ryan Koch and Laura Abraham, are members of the Academy faculty. The middle school campus is less than a quarter-mile away from the school campus. This campus provides a separate dorm and classrooms for the younger students, advanced students may go to the upper school campus to take high school courses. Extracurricular opportunities at the school include the Speech and Debate team, twenty varsity sports, band, chorus, drama, color guard, the athletic teams are affiliated with the Delaney Athletic Conference, a collection of several independent schools in northern and central Virginia. The Middle School participates in the Valley Middle School Conference,1892, Randolph-Macon Academy was founded by Dr. William W. Smith as part of the Randolph-Macon College preparatory school program. The original 26-acre campus had one building which housed classrooms as well as dormitories. The original building that was built resembled a castle in its design,1918, Randolph-Macon Academy transformed into a military school. The program later undertook the title of the National Defense Cadet Corps,1922, Randolph-Macon Academy finished paying off all but one of its original debts. Later this year, the construction of Rives Hall began and this new building served as an auxiliary gymnasium. 1927, On January 10, the building built in 1892 burned down completely. The origin of the fire destroyed the building is unknown. As a new building was being constructed, the continued to operate. The cadets were housed by local residents and classes took place in buildings until a new building
6.
Bedford, Virginia
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Bedford is an incorporated town and former independent city located within Bedford County in the U. S. state of Virginia. It serves as the county seat of Bedford County, as of the 2010 census, the population was 6,622. It is part of the Lynchburg Metropolitan Statistical Area, known as the place that sells itself, Bedford boasts the Blue Ridge Mountains to the North, Smith Mountain Lake to the South, Lynchburg to the East, and I-81/Roanoke to the West. Bedford is home to the National D-Day Memorial, the United States Congress warranted that this memorial would be the nations D-Day Memorial and President Bill Clinton authorized this effort in September 1996. President George W. Bush dedicated this memorial as the nations D-Day memorial on June 6,2001, Bedford lost more residents per capita in the Normandy landings than any other American community. Nineteen soldiers from Bedford, whose 1944 population was about 3,200, were killed on D-Day, three other Bedford soldiers died later in the Normandy campaign. Proportionally this community suffered the nations severest D-Day losses, Bedford maintains relationships with 11 communities on the Normandy Coast of France. One sister city, Trévières, France, sent Bedford an exact replica of its own World War I memorial statue, the face of the statue was damaged in World War II by artillery fire from US forces retaking the town. The Bedford statue also bears these wounds and is erected on the grounds of the National D-Day Memorial, Bedford was originally known as Liberty, named after the Colonial victory over Cornwallis at Yorktown. Founded as a village in 1782, Liberty became Bedford Countys seat of government, Liberty became a town in 1839 and in 1890 changed its name to Bedford City. In 1912 Bedford reverted to town status, then in 1968, on September 14,2011, the Bedford City Council voted to transition into a town, ending its independent city status. The supervisors of Bedford County also voted to accept the town of Bedford as part of the county when it lost city status, the transition occurred on July 1,2013. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 6.9 square miles. Bedford sits at the feet of the Peaks of Otter, as of the census of 2000, there were 6,299 people,2,519 households, and 1,592 families residing in the city. The population density was 914.5 persons per square mile, there were 2,702 housing units at an average density of 392.3 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 75. 33% White,22. 38% Black or African American,0. 24% Native American,0. 57% Asian,0. 08% Pacific Islander,0. 24% from other races, and 1. 16% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0. 89% of the population,33. 0% of all households were made up of individuals and 15. 7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.26 and the family size was 2.87
7.
Quarterback
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A quarterback is a position in American and Canadian football. Quarterbacks are members of the team and line up directly behind the offensive line. In modern American football, the quarterback is considered the leader of the offensive team. In modern American football, the quarterback is usually the leader of the offense, the quarterback touches the ball on almost every offensive play, and his successes and failures can have a significant impact on the fortunes of his team. Accordingly, the quarterback is among the most glorified and scrutinized positions in team sports, prior to each play, the quarterback will usually tell the rest of his team which play the team will run. After the team is lined up, the center will pass the ball back to the quarterback, usually on a running play, the quarterback will then hand or pitch the ball backwards to a half back or full back. On a passing play, the quarterback is almost always the responsible for trying to throw the ball downfield to an eligible receiver downfield. Depending on the scheme by his team, the quarterbacks role can vary. While quarterbacks in Canadian football need to be able to throw the ball often, in the NFL, quarterbacks are required to wear a uniform number between 1 and 19. In the CFL, the quarterback can wear any number from 0 to 49 and 70 to 99. Because of their numbering, quarterbacks are eligible receivers in the NCAA, NFHS, after a Super Bowl victory, the starting quarterback is the first player to be presented with the Vince Lombardi Trophy. The starting quarterback of the victorious Super Bowl team is chosen for the Im going to Disney World. Campaign, whether they are the Super Bowl MVP or not, examples include Joe Montana, Trent Dilfer, Dilfer was chosen even though teammate Ray Lewis was the MVP of Super Bowl XXXV, due to the bad publicity from Lewis murder trial the prior year. In addition to their role, quarterbacks are occasionally used in other roles. Most teams utilize a backup quarterback as their holder on placekicks, in the Wildcat, a formation where a halfback lines up behind the center and the quarterback lines up out wide, the quarterback can be used as a receiving target or a blocker. A more rare use for a quarterback is to punt the ball himself, Denver Broncos quarterback John Elway was known to perform quick kicks occasionally, typically when the Broncos were facing a third-and-long situation. As Roger Staubachs back-up, Dallas Cowboys quarterback Danny White was also the teams punter, ascending the starting role upon Staubachs retirement, White held his position as the teams punter for several seasons—a double duty he performed to All-American standard at Arizona State University. White also had two touchdown receptions as a Dallas Cowboy, both from the halfback option, if quarterbacks are uncomfortable with the formation the defense is using, they may call an audible change to their play
8.
Guard (American and Canadian football)
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In American and Canadian football, a guard is a player who lines up between the center and the tackles on the offensive line of a football team on the line of scrimmage used primarily for blocking. Right guards is the term for the guards on the right of the offensive line, Guards are to the right or left of the center. The guards job is to protect the quarterback from the incoming linemen during pass plays, Guards are automatically considered ineligible receivers, so they cannot intentionally touch a forward pass, unless it is to recover a fumble or is first touched by a defender or eligible receiver. This technique is used in most playbooks for outside runs and on counter plays, vanderbilts Dan McGugin is credited with first pulling guards. Since the Guard is free of responsibility for play-side outside runs and far-side counter plays, pulling is generally a unique responsibility for Guards
9.
Tackle (gridiron football position)
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Tackle is a playing position in American and Canadian football. Historically, in the one-platoon system prevalent in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. In the modern system of specialized units, offensive tackle and defensive tackle are separate positions, the offensive tackle is a position on the offensive line, left and right. The term tackle is a vestige of an era of football in which the same players played both offense and defense. A tackle is the position on the offensive line. They power their blocks with quick steps and maneuverability, the tackles are mostly in charge of the outside protection. If the tight end goes out for a pass, the tackle must cover everyone that his guard does not, usually they defend against defensive ends. In the NFL, offensive tackles often measure over 6 ft 4 in and 300 lb, the Wonderlic is taken before the draft to assess each players aptitude for learning and problem solving, a score of 26 is estimated to correspond with an IQ of 112. The right tackle is usually the teams best run blocker, most running plays are towards the strong side of the offensive line. Consequently, the tackle will face the defending teams best run stoppers. He must be able to gain traction in his blocks so that the back can find a hole to run through. The left tackle is usually the teams best pass blocker, of the two tackles, the left tackles will often have better footwork and agility than the right tackle in order to counteract the pass rush of defensive ends. When a quarterback throws a pass, the quarterbacks shoulders are aligned roughly perpendicular to the line of scrimmage. Right-handed quarterbacks, the majority of players in the position, thus turn their backs to defenders coming from the left side, creating a vulnerable blind side that the left tackle must protect. A2006 book by Michael Lewis, The Blind Side, Evolution of a Game, made into a 2009 motion picture, the book and the films introduction discuss how the annual salary of left tackles in the NFL skyrocketed in the mid-90s. Recent examples include Eric Fisher, Luke Joeckel, Lane Johnson, Matt Kalil, Trent Williams, Jake Long, and Joe Thomas
10.
End (gridiron football)
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An end in American and Canadian football is a player who lines up at either end of the line of scrimmage, usually beside the tackles. Rules state that an offensive formation must always consist of seven players on the line of scrimmage. The position was used in this sense until roughly the 1960s, on offense, an end who lines up close to the other linemen is known as a tight end and is the only lineman who aside from blocking can run or catch passes. One who lines up some distance from the line is known as a split end. In recent years and the proliferation of the pass, the generic term wide receiver has come to define both split ends and flankers. The terms “split end” and “flanker” are often ditched today for terms like X and Z receivers, bill Carpenter was the first Lonesome end. On defense, there is a commonly used position called the defensive end and its primary role is to rush the passer, as well as to stop offensive runs to the outer edges of the line of scrimmage. However, as there are no rules regulating the formation of the defense, players at this position commonly take on, don Hutson of the Alabama Crimson Tide and the Green Bay Packers was one of the sports greatest. The self described other end opposite Hutson in college at Alabama was legendary coach Bear Bryant, gaynell Tinsley was another prominent of Hutsons time. Amos Alonzo Stagg of Yale and Arthur Cumnock of Harvard were ends on the first All-America team, Stagg went on to a hall of fame coaching career, some called Cumnock the greatest Harvard player of all time. Mike Ditka and Ron Sellers were some of the last to play the position in college, glossary of American football History of American football positions Tight end Defensive end Wide receiver
11.
Halfback (American football)
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A halfback is an offensive position in American football, whose duties involve lining up in the backfield and carrying the ball on most rushing plays, i. e. a running back. The halfback position is one of the more glamorous positions on the field, sometimes the halfback can catch the ball from the backfield on short passing plays as he is an eligible receiver. Occasionally, they line up as wide receivers. When not running or catching the ball, the responsibility of a halfback is to aid the offensive linemen in blocking. Before the emergence of the T-formation in the 1940s, all members of the backfield were legitimate threats to run or pass the ball. Most teams used four offensive backs on every play, a quarterback, the quarterback began each play a quarter of the way back, the halfbacks began each play side by side and halfway back, and the fullback began each play the farthest back. Historically, from the 1870s through the 1950s, the position was both an offensive and defensive position. There has also been a shift in most offense’s dependence on halfbacks, however, the average output of the halfback has not changed. Older systems require the halfback be proficient at throwing the ball downfield as well, many of the “scat backs” in the modern era produce more total yards and touchdowns than their ancestor “power backs” by breaking off big plays on outside runs and receptions. The spread offense and the hurry-up offense change the halfback’s role, the spread, the hurry-up, and the pro-style offenses dominate American football but the “smash-mouth” style of play is far from extinct. A power-running scheme is often utilized to counter an effective Spread attack, as it allows a team to control the clock and this strategy is utilized in NFL, college, and all other forms of American football. The need for “power backs is very prevalent, alongside the need for “scat backs”, in the past few decades the role of the halfback has gone through a great shift as most offensive game plans are now fueled by creativity and finesse instead of raw force. Stamina and durability is more important than ever in the hurry-up offense, on the other hand, speed is often valued over strength, and pass-catching ability is sometimes valued over blocking proficiency. Power was once the most desired trait in a halfback, but has been taken by the need for a diverse skill set. In the last few decades the running back’s individual share of output has declined as quarterbacks are generally treated as the cornerstone of the offense. The demands of an up-tempo offense also favor a multiple running back system, from the dawn of American football through the 1880s most offensive schemes focused on the running game. In a running based game plan the halfback was typically the cornerstone of the offense and this system focused on a physical run attack concentrated in the inside of the field, and therefore depended on a skilled “power back”. There were no forward passes, and pure speed took a backseat to tackle-breaking and bucking ability, there was a focus on physicality over finesse, as this type of playing style earned the moniker of “smash mouth” football
12.
Fullback (gridiron football)
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A fullback is a position in the offensive backfield in American and Canadian football, and is one of the two running back positions along with the halfback. Examples of players who have excelled at the hybrid running-blocking-pass catching role include Mike Alstott, in the days before two platoons, the fullback was usually the teams punter and drop kicker. In modern play, the fullback is a misnomer. Before the emergence of the T-formation in the 1940s, most teams used four offensive backs on every play, a quarterback, two halfbacks, and a fullback. The quarterback began each play a quarter of the way back, the halfbacks began each play side by side and halfway back, and the fullback began each play the farthest back. In the modern game, when the quarterback is under center, fullbacks are typically known less for speed and agility and more for muscularity and the ability to shed tackles. In the modern NFL, fullbacks, while deployed as ball carriers, are often primarily a lead blocker to allow running backs to get to the secondary of the opposing teams defense. In the early 2000s, many NFL teams used blocking fullbacks, such as Tony Richardson and Lorenzo Neal and these backs cleared the way for some of the decades great running backs. There are still fullbacks who remaining prominent in the NFL, among them Aaron Ripkowski, Jamize Olawale, James Develin, John Kuhn, Patrick DiMarco, Mike Tolbert, Kyle Juszczyk, and Marcel Reece. However, in spite of their usually infrequent carries in modern NFL offenses, notably LeRon McClain was the rushing leader for the Baltimore Ravens in 2008 and Tony Richardson led the Kansas City Chiefs in rushing in 2000. Giants running back Peyton Hillis started his NFL career as a fullback before being reverted into a halfback, although technically a running back, typically fullbacks are primarily valued for their blocking in most modern day offenses. The most common and simple runs, the Dive and the Blast, in the flexbone formation, however, the fullback can often be used as the primary rushing threat. In many other schemes, the fullback is used as a receiver. In selected plays, some teams will have a defensive lineman report as a receiver to line up as a fullback or tight end in a Miami package in goalline formation. Defensive Tackle William The Refrigerator Perry scored a touchdown in Super Bowl XX from the fullback position, most teams in the NFL do not have a substitute fullback, though there are exceptions. The role can be filled by backup or number three or four tight ends or bigger and less-frequently-used running backs. In modern offenses, fullbacks in an I-formation can be motioned into a 2-TE formation or H-back formation, the position is less frequently used in Canadian football, which focuses more on passing than running the ball
13.
Field goal
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A field goal is a means of scoring in American football and Canadian football. To score a goal the team in possession of the ball must place kick, or drop kick. The vast majority of goals, in both codes, are placed kicked. Drop kicked field goals were common in the days of Gridiron football but are almost never done in modern times. In most leagues, a field goal awards three points. A field goal may also be scored through a fair catch kick, since a field goal is worth only three points, as opposed to a touchdown, which is worth six points, it is usually only attempted in specific situations. The goal structure consists of a crossbar suspended 10 feet above the ground. In American football the goals are centered on each end line, in the first half, there is enough time remaining to execute only one more play. In the second half, there is time remaining to execute only one more play. The game is in overtime, and a FG is the quickest, easiest, even under ideal conditions, the best professional kickers historically had difficulty making kicks longer than 50 yards consistently. If a team not to attempt a field goal on their last down. A punt cannot score any points in American football unless the team touches the ball first and the kicking team recovers it. The longest field goal kick in NFL history is 64 yards, the previous record was 63, originally set by Tom Dempsey and then matched by Jason Elam, Sebastian Janikowski, and David Akers. High school, college and most professional football leagues offer only a three-point field goal, however, NFL Europe encouraged long field goals of 50 yards or more by making those worth four points instead of three, a rule since adopted by the Stars Football League. Similarly, the sport of football sought to repopularize the drop kick by making that worth four points, it failed. The overall field goal percentage during the 2010 NFL season was 82.3, in comparison, Jan Stenerud, one of only two pure kickers in the Pro Football Hall of Fame, had a career field goal percentage of 66.8 from 1967 to 1985. The holder is usually the teams punter or backup quarterback, instead of the regular center, a team may have a dedicated long snapper trained especially to snap the ball on placekick attempts and punts. The holder usually lines up seven to eight yards behind the line of scrimmage, upon receiving the snap, the holder holds the ball against the ground vertically, with the stitches away from the kicker
14.
Richmond Times-Dispatch
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The Richmond Times-Dispatch is the primary daily newspaper in Richmond, the capital of Virginia, United States. It is also the newspaper of record for the state of Virginia. The Times-Dispatch has the second-highest circulation of any Virginia newspaper, after Norfolks The Virginian-Pilot, in addition to the Richmond area, the Times-Dispatch has substantial readership in Charlottesville, Lynchburg, and Waynesboro. As the primary paper of the capital, the Times-Dispatch serves as a newspaper of record for rural regions of the state that lack large local papers. The RTD has existed in form for more than 150 years. In 1850, a called the Daily Dispatch was founded. In 1886, a competitor, the Richmond Daily Times was founded by Lewis Ginter, a year later, Joseph Bryan bought the Daily Times from Ginter, beginning the papers long association with the Bryan family. In 1890, the Daily Times changed its name to the Richmond Times, in 1896, Bryan acquired the eight-year-old Manchester Leader and launched the Evening Leader. In 1899, the evening Richmond News was founded, john L. Williams, owner of the Dispatch, bought the News in 1900. By 1903, it was obvious Richmond was not big enough to support four papers and that year, Williams and Bryan agreed to a merger of Richmonds main newspapers. The morning papers merged to become the Richmond Times-Dispatch under Bryans ownership, Bryan bought the News Leader in 1908. After he died later that year, the land for Richmonds Joseph Bryan Park was donated by his widow, Isobel Stewart Bryan, john Stewart Bryan became owner and publisher of the two papers after his fathers death. That conglomeration is now known as Media General, the Richmond Times-Dispatch drew national attention for its coverage of a December 21,2004, attack by a suicide bomber on an American military base in Mosul, Iraq. Stories and photographs about the attack by a Times-Dispatch reporter embedded with the 276th were read, heard and seen across the nation. In 1990, The RTD borrowed an idea from an entrepreneur, Barry Mad Dog Gottlieb, to encourage a Tacky Christmas Lights Tour. Every week, the RTD lists the addresses of houses where the most tacky Christmas lights can be found and this tradition has begun to spread to other cities, like Fairfax, Virginia as well as San Francisco and Los Angeles. Diane Cantor, the wife of former House Majority Leader Republican Eric Cantor and this drew some conflict-of-interest allegations because the RTD serves much of the congressmans 7th district, but no evidence surfaced that she was involved in the papers content. Her association with the paper was noted at the end of Times-Dispatch stories about Rep. Cantor, on May 17,2012, Media General announced the sale of its newspaper division to BH Media, a subsidiary of Warren Buffetts Berkshire Hathaway company
15.
The Roanoke Times
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The Roanoke Times is the primary newspaper in Southwestern Virginia and is based in Roanoke, Virginia, United States. It is published by Berkshire Hathaway, in addition to its headquarters in Roanoke, it maintains a bureau in Christiansburg, covering the eastern New River Valley and Virginia Tech. According to the 2011 Scarborough “Ranker Report, ” The Roanoke Times ranks fifth in the country in terms of percentage of reading a newspaper on weekdays in that newspapers coverage area. The Roanoke Daily Times began publication in 1886, the papers original owner, M. H. Claytor, eventually added a companion evening newspaper, The Roanoke Evening News. In 1909, he sold the paper to a group headed by banker J. B, the Fishburn group bought the Roanoke Evening World in 1913, merging it with the Evening News and changing its name to the Roanoke World-News. At the same time, Times-World Corporation was formed as the owner of both papers, by 1931, Times-World Corporation had expanded into broadcasting with the purchase of WDBJ, Roanokes first radio station. It eventually spawned an FM station and a television station, in 1969, Times-World merged with Landmark Communications, which sold off the broadcasting properties and kept the papers. In 1991, the became known as The Roanoke Times & World-News when the company stopped publication of the afternoon World-News. The paper dropped the part of its name in 1995. Landmark started shopping its newspaper properties in 2008 and sold the Times to Berkshire Hathaways BH Media Group in 2013. This made the Times a sister publication to the Richmond Times-Dispatch, as well as the News & Advance of Lynchburg, the other major paper serving the Roanoke/Lynchburg media market. As the major newspaper for Roanoke and much of Southwest Virginia. Some examples include, International Marketing & Engineering Inc, the Roanoke Times was awarded the Virginia Press Associations W. S. Copeland Award for Journalistic Integrity and Community Service, its highest, for the investigation. The November 4,1985, flood caused extensive damage around Roanoke. The September 22,2000, shooting at the Backstreet Cafe in downtown Roanoke motivated by the hatred of the establishments gay. The April 16,2007, shooting at Virginia Tech, which claimed 32 lives, the February,2008 resignation of Roanoke City councilman Alfred Dowe. Dowe resigned after The Roanoke Times obtained documents showing that he billed taxpayers twice for some of the nearly $15,000 he spent in 2007 on meals, bill Brill, writer and columnist 1956-1991, sports editor 1960-1991 Official website
16.
Lane Stadium
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Lane Stadium/Worsham Field is a stadium located in Blacksburg, in the U. S. state of Virginia. It is the field of the Virginia Tech Hokies. It was rated the number one home field advantage in all of football in 2005 by Rivals. com. It is also ranked #2 on ESPN. coms Top 10 Scariest Places To Play, from 1982 to 2014, Lane Stadium had the highest elevation of any Division I Football Bowl Subdivision school stadium in the eastern United States, at 2,057 feet above sea level. That distinction now belongs to Kidd Brewer Stadium, home to Appalachian State University, in 1963, school administrator Stuart K. Cassell, namesake of Cassell Coliseum, proposed building a larger stadium to replace the 17, 000-seat Miles Stadium. Construction of Lane Stadium began on April 1,1964 and it took a total of four years to complete construction. However, the first game in the new stadium was played in 1965, at the game, only the west stands and center section of the east bleachers were completed. It wasnt until the summer of 1968 that construction was completed on Lane Stadium and this brand new stadium seated 35,050 which featured a press box for guests, writers, stats crew-members, scouts, and coaches. The stadium is named after Edward Hudson Lane, a Virginia Polytechnic Institute graduate, in the 1960s, Lane headed an educational foundation project which raised over $3 million for the original construction, with his challenge gift of Lane Company stock comprising the lead gift. Like many stadiums built at the time, it consisted of two bowed sideline grandstands with free-standing bleachers behind the end zones, the stadiums original form was substantially similar to that of BB&T Field at Wake Forest and Memorial Stadium at Indiana University. Lane Stadium remained generally unchanged for 20 years, but in 1980 the east stands were expanded, increasing the stadium capacity to 52,500. Two years later, the Stadium installed a brand-new lighting system that would help the team get its first nationally broadcast game on WTBS, a 21–14 win over state rival University of Virginia. Prior to the 1989 season, the stadium added 16 flags and received a new paint job, including the maroon, the Worshams pledged $1 million to the universitys Second Century Campaign, which raised over $18.6 million, $1.7 million more than the original goal. In the spring of 1994, renovations were completed on seven lower sections of the east stands, renovations also included replacing concrete risers and the addition of wheelchair seating decreasing capacity to 50,000. Also, before the 1994 season, plaques bearing retired numbers of Tech heroes Bruce Smith, Carroll Dale, Jim Pyne, however, with the later addition of the north end zone seats, the four retired numbers now fly on flag poles above those stands. Before the start of the 1998 season, the oldest bleachers were replaced with new locust wood, on the east side, the roof on the old visitors locker room was replaced along with the bleachers above the dressing room. Before the 1999 season, the university started work on the end zone. The summer of 1999 saw the addition of roughly 2,100 seats to the end zone increasing capacity to 53,130
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HokieBird
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The HokieBird is the official mascot of Virginia Tech. Fans of Virginia Tech athletics have referred to the teams by the nickname Fighting Gobblers since the early 20th century, another popular legend regarding the origin of the Gobblers moniker refers to when the university was a military college known as the Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College. As future military officers and gentlemen, cadets were not allowed to look at their plates as they ate, to do so was termed gobbling your food and was a cause for punishment. Athletes were given increased portions of food and in consideration of the limited time, were allowed to gobble their meals. Because of this, the teams for VAMC became known as The Gobblers. The 1909 football team was the first team to be referred to in print as the Gobblers, meade and other mascots to follow continued having a live turkey on the sidelines of games into the 1950s. This mascot debuted at the then-annual Thanksgiving Day football game between military school rivals VPI and VMI and this costume was modified in 1971 to include a long neck, making it more than seven feet tall, and the name was changed to the Fighting Gobbler. The turkey-like figure was referred to as the Hokie mascot, the Hokie, and the Hokie bird, the costume worn by todays HokieBird made its first appearance in 1987, when Frank Beamer returned as coach. Although he reinstated the Gobbler to the teams scoreboard, by then the Hokies nickname had already become the most prominent. The current HokieBird debuted at that seasons home opener against Clemson, HokieBird Curtis Dvorak won the National Cheerleading Association championship in 1996 and has appeared as Jaxson de Ville, mascot of the Jacksonville Jaguars since 1996. Todd Maroldo, Hokiebird in 1996-1997, won the National Cheerleading Association championship in 1997 and was hired as the Carolina Panthers mascot, HokieBird has been so popular that the mascot landed an appearance on Animal Planets Turkey Secrets, shown annually around Thanksgiving. Now, when referring to Virginia Tech, the term Hokie generally refers to a Virginia Tech Student, in 2012-2013, the HokieBird held an official banner signing for Newtown, Connecticut, where the Sandy Hook shooting happened. Constantly rollerblading through campus, the HokieBird has been known to respond to tweets and visit classes, dormitories, and dining halls. The official Twitter account of the HokieBird is @TheHokieBird or twitter. com/thehokiebird It is myth that there are 3-6 HokieBirds at one time, the HokieBird is an active supporter of all Virginia Tech athletic teams, particularly the Virginia Tech Football and Basketball Teams. Before football games, he leads the charge onto the field as students jump up, after scores in football, the VT cheerleaders carry out a bench and weights for the HokieBird to perform bench presses. He does one press for every point VT has scored, sometimes, in lieu of bench presses, the HokieBird has done situps or pushups. The HokieBird has also known to crowd surf from the bottom of the Corps of Cadets student section all the way to the top of the section. At the graduation ceremony, students who portrayed the HokieBird are allowed to wear the giant orange bird feet, in theory, no one is supposed to know who the HokieBirds are until graduation day
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Tech Triumph
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Tech Triumph is the fight song of Virginia Tech. It was composed in 1919 by Wilfred Pete Maddux and Mattie Eppes, Wilfred Preston Maddux, a trombone and baritone player in the Virginia Tech Regimental Band, jointly composed Tech Triumph in 1919 along with Mattie Walton Eppes. Mattie Eppes was a neighbor of Pete in his hometown of Blackstone, when he was home, Pete would often play violin with Mattie accompanying him on the piano. One evening in the summer of 1919, Pete asked her to help him compose a song for VPI. She played the tune and Pete wrote out the score and the words for two verses in a single evening, Pete Maddux is not listed in the yearbook with the band after 1919. Miss Eppes later married John C, boggs, Superintendent of Randolph-Macon Military Academy. The song was first performed on Saturday, November 1,1919, the issue of the university newspaper noted, On arriving at the grounds, the battalion was formed for the review on the football field. After passing in review before the grandstand, the four formed a hollow square with the band in the center. In a letter to The Virginia Tech published on Dec.10,1919 and it is more than gratifying to me to see the ardent spirit and loyalty which the Corps manifests when every man lends his lusty voice to swell the chorus of football singing. Thanking you again for your cooperation in making the publication of Tech Triumph a success, I am Yours very cordially, Maddux A strain of the Bliss Triumph potato developed for its disease resistance by Virginia Tech researchers in 1926 and was named Tech Triumph
19.
The Marching Virginians
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The Marching Virginians are one of two collegiate marching bands at Virginia Tech. Because the Marching Virginians draw from the student body, they are considerably larger than the Highty Tighties and have about 330 members. Despite offering no scholarships to members, The Marching Virginians consist of students from every college and virtually every major within the university. Known as The Spirit of Tech and established in 1974, the band performs at Virginia Tech football games, fundraisers, and charity events. The Marching Virginians are the creators of Virginia Techs Stick It In cheer, though the MVs were recently banned from performing this cheer by the Virginia Tech Athletics Department. The Marching Virginians have performed at the Orange Bowl, Peach Bowl, Independence Bowl, Sugar Bowl, Gator Bowl, Diamond Walnut San Francisco Bowl, and the 2004 BCA Classic, among many other venues. They were also featured on the Blacksburg edition of Extreme Makeover, Home Edition. The Marching Virginians are currently under the leadership of director Dave McKee, a majority of the music is arranged by Dr. James Sochinski, and the halftime performances are narrated by Mike Sparrer, The Voice of the Marching Virginians. The Marching Virginians are assisted by the Eta Beta Chapter of Kappa Kappa Psi, prior to the 2009 season, a small pep-parade from the south-end of the Cassell Coliseum parking lot, down Spring Road, to the south-west tunnel into Lane Stadium at Worsham Field took place. Due to the construction on McComas Hall during 2009, the band marched straight from their space at Johnson Track. The band continued its parade tradition midway through the 2010 season after the renovations completed and these chants often begin with a section leader or rank captain calling a command, usually ending in something along the lines of TWEET-TWEET-HO to simulate a whistle command. The MVs were the creators of the Stick It In cheer. Entering Lane Stadium, each band member falls out of rank, touches his/her hand to the Hokie Stone at the entrance to the field, and falls back into their position in the parade block. Far less formal than the Highty-Tighties, the Marching Virginians are allowed to wear their Marching Virginians baseball cap given to them at the beginning of the season. Other forms of personal flair which do not interfere with or deface their uniforms, such as sunglasses, keychains, or temporary facial tattoos, are frequent among band members. In the stands, sections will often choreograph their own dances and horn movements to different songs and drum breaks, in every fieldshow, the MVs usually perform one to three songs followed by Tech Triumph as they march off the field. In between the 3rd and 4th quarters of home football game, the tuba section leads Lane Stadium in the MVs signature rendition of the Hokie Pokie. The MVs play the pieces in the stands on a regular basis
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Virginia Tech Hokies football statistical leaders
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Within those areas, the lists identify single-game, single-season, and career leaders. The Hokies represent Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in the NCAAs Atlantic Coast Conference and these lists are dominated by more recent players for several reasons, Since the 1950s, seasons have increased from 10 games to 11 and then 12 games in length. The NCAA didnt allow freshmen to play varsity football until 1972, bowl games only began counting toward single-season and career statistics in 2002. The Hokies have played in 14 bowl games since then, giving players since 2002 an extra game to accumulate statistics, similarly, the Hokies have played in the ACC Championship Game five times since it began. All ten of the Hokies 10 highest seasons in offensive output, both in yardage and scoring, have come during current head coach Frank Beamers tenure, and these lists are updated through the end of the 2015 season. The Virginia Tech football record book generally does not give a full top 10 in single-game statistics, total offense is the sum of passing and rushing statistics. It does not include receiving or returns, note, The Virginia Tech Record Book does not include a full top 10 in tackles stats, instead listing only a leader. Note, The Virginia Tech Record Book does not include a full top 10 in sacks stats, instead listing only a leader
21.
1905 VPI football team
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The 1905 VPI football team represented the Virginia Polytechnic Institute in the 1905 college football season. Led by first year head coach Sally Miles, the team went 9–1, the team had the most wins in a Virginia Tech season for many years to come, and defeated rival Virginia for the first time. Tech outscored its opponents 305 to 24, hunter Carpenter scored 82 of those points. The team reported for practice on September 1, never in the history of the school have prospects for a winning team been so bright. Source, HokieSports. com,1905 Virginia Tech football schedule The season opened with an 86–0 defeat of Roanoke College, in the second week of play, VPI beat Cumberland 12–0. The upset of the week was VPIs 16–6 win over Army, Carpenter was the star of the game, and made a kick from placement. VPIs starting lineup was, Webber, Willson, Diffendal, Stiles, Strickling, Hines, Lewis, Nutter, Treadwell, Carpenter, VPI had no trouble in beating Gallaudet 56–0. The starting lineup was Webber, Varner, Diffendal, Stiles, Stickling, Hynes, Lewis, Harris, Nutter, Carpenter, during the second half VPI scored almost at will. Hunter Carpenter had returned to VPI in 1905 for a last shot at beating Virginia in his year of college football. Going into the game, UVA was 8–0 against VPI by a score of 170–5. The Cavalier Daily ran a story outlining Carpenters motives and move from VPI to UNC, Virginia accused Carpenter of being a professional player, as he had played college football already for nearly a decade. Carpenter signed an affidavit that he had not received payment to play against UVA, Virginia fumbled at midfield, and as a result Carpenter eventually got away for a 30-yard gain around left end. Virginia held VPI on downs at the 3-yard line, Virginias punt had to go high and short to avoid hitting the goal post. Carpenter called a catch in order for a free kick, but was tackled anyway. On third down, Murray Harlan skirted end for a touchdown, the second half was even more hotly contested than the first. Carpenter finally got off a punt, down to Virginias 5-yard line. VPI blocked Virginias ensuing punt, and on third down Carpenter dashed through left tackle for the final score. Carpenter was later ejected for throwing the ball at the face of a Virginia defender, Carpenter left immediately after the game and moved to Middleton, New York, never to return to the Commonwealth
