1.
1900 in Norway
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Events in the year 1900 in Norway. Monarch, Oscar II Prime Minister, Johannes Steen 17 February - The Norwegian Ministry of Agriculture,3 December – Population Census, There were 2,239,881 inhabitants in Norway. The 1900 Parliamentary election takes place,5 January - Nina Eik-Nes, politician 31 January - Bertel Flaten, politician 14 February - Ola Johan Gjengedal, politician 4 March – Axel Coldevin, historian. 30 December – Lillemor von Hanno, actress and writer
2.
1899 in Norway
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Events in the year 1899 in Norway. Monarch – Oscar II Prime Minister – Johannes Steen 1 April – The Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions established,27 June – The paperclip is patented by Johan Vaaler, a Norwegian inventor. 10 August – Viking FK football club is founded, the sports club Kongsberg IF is founded. The gymnastics club Volda TI is founded,23 July - Johan Trandem, shot putter and discus thrower 25 July – Olav Svendsen, jurist. 6 August – Lillebil Ibsen, dancer and actress 6 August – Torstein Børte, politician 6 August – Finn Nagell, military officer, Milorg pioneer, economist and businessperson
3.
Norway
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The Antarctic Peter I Island and the sub-Antarctic Bouvet Island are dependent territories and thus not considered part of the Kingdom. Norway also lays claim to a section of Antarctica known as Queen Maud Land, until 1814, the kingdom included the Faroe Islands, Greenland, and Iceland. It also included Isle of Man until 1266, Shetland and Orkney until 1468, Norway has a total area of 385,252 square kilometres and a population of 5,258,317. The country shares a long border with Sweden. Norway is bordered by Finland and Russia to the north-east, Norway has an extensive coastline, facing the North Atlantic Ocean and the Barents Sea. King Harald V of the Dano-German House of Glücksburg is the current King of Norway, erna Solberg became Prime Minister in 2013, replacing Jens Stoltenberg. A constitutional monarchy, Norway divides state power between the Parliament, the Cabinet and the Supreme Court, as determined by the 1814 Constitution, the kingdom is established as a merger of several petty kingdoms. By the traditional count from the year 872, the kingdom has existed continuously for 1,144 years, Norway has both administrative and political subdivisions on two levels, counties and municipalities. The Sámi people have an amount of self-determination and influence over traditional territories through the Sámi Parliament. Norway maintains close ties with the European Union and the United States, the country maintains a combination of market economy and a Nordic welfare model with universal health care and a comprehensive social security system. Norway has extensive reserves of petroleum, natural gas, minerals, lumber, seafood, the petroleum industry accounts for around a quarter of the countrys gross domestic product. On a per-capita basis, Norway is the worlds largest producer of oil, the country has the fourth-highest per capita income in the world on the World Bank and IMF lists. On the CIAs GDP per capita list which includes territories and some regions, from 2001 to 2006, and then again from 2009 to 2017, Norway had the highest Human Development Index ranking in the world. It also has the highest inequality-adjusted ranking, Norway ranks first on the World Happiness Report, the OECD Better Life Index, the Index of Public Integrity and the Democracy Index. Norway has two names, Noreg in Nynorsk and Norge in Bokmål. The name Norway comes from the Old English word Norðrveg mentioned in 880, meaning way or way leading to the north. In contrasting with suðrvegar southern way for Germany, and austrvegr eastern way for the Baltic, the Anglo-Saxon of Britain also referred to the kingdom of Norway in 880 as Norðmanna land. This was the area of Harald Fairhair, the first king of Norway, and because of him
4.
1902 in Norway
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Events in the year 1902 in Norway. Monarch, Oscar II Prime Minister, Johannes Steen, then Otto Blehr 15 November – The Ofoten Line opened,23 November – The Valdres Line opened. Football Association of Norway is founded,15 January - Olaug Hay, politician 24 January - Sigurd Lund Hamran, politician 30 January - Magnus Jensen, historian and educator
5.
1901 in Sweden
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Events from the year 1901 in Sweden Monarch – Oscar II Prime Minister – Fredrik von Otter A military reform abolish the Allotment system with conscription. Women are given four weeks maternity leave, foundation of the Swedish Union of Journalists. A name ordinance is put in effect, regulating the uses of first names, surnames. A Dream Play by August Strindberg,28 March – Princess Märtha of Sweden 13 June – Tage Erlander, politician 18 August – Arne Borg, swimmer. 13 October – Irja Agnes Browallius, writer 11 April – Ivar Hallström, composer 24 April – Arvid Posse,12 August – Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld, baron, botanist, geologist, mineralogist and arctic explorer. 24 August – Gunnar Wennerberg, poet,10 September - Emanuella Carlbeck, social reformer
6.
Monarchy of Norway
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The Norwegian monarch is the monarchical head of state of Norway, which is a constitutional and hereditary monarchy with a parliamentary system. The present monarch is King Harald V, who has reigned since 17 January 1991, succeeding his father, the heir apparent is his only son, Crown Prince Haakon. The crown prince undertakes various public functions, as does the kings wife. The crown prince also acts as regent in the kings absence, there are several other members of the Royal Family, including the kings daughter, grandchildren and siblings. Whilst the Constitution of Norway grants important executive powers to the King, formally the King appoints the government according to his own judgement, but parliamentary practice has been in place since 1884. Constitutional practice has replaced the meaning of the word King in most articles of the constitution from the king personally to the elected government. The powers vested in the monarch are significant, but are treated only as reserve powers, the King does not, by convention, have direct participation in government. He ratifies laws and royal resolutions, receives and sends envoys from and to foreign countries and he has a more tangible influence as the symbol of national unity. The annual New Years Eve speech is one occasion when the King traditionally raises negative issues, the King is also Supreme Commander of the Norwegian Armed Forces and Grand Master of the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav and of the Royal Norwegian Order of Merit. The King has no role in the Church of Norway. The position of King of Norway has been in existence since the unification of Norway in 872. In recent years members of the Socialist Left party have proposed the abolition of the monarchy during each new session of parliament and this gives the Norwegian monarchy the unique status of being a popularly elected royal family and receiving regular formal confirmations of support from the Storting. Prior to and in the phase of the Viking Age Norway was divided into several smaller kingdoms. Harald Fairhair was the first king of Norway, the boundaries of Fairhairs kingdom were not identical to those of present-day Norway, and upon his death the kingship was shared among his sons. Some historians emphasise the actual control over the country and assert that Olaf II, alias Saint Olaf. Olaf is generally held to have been the force behind Norways final conversion to Christianity. In the 12th and 13th centuries the Norwegian kingdom was at its geographical and cultural peak, the kingdom included Norway, Iceland, the Faroe Islands, Greenland, Shetland, Orkney and other smaller areas in the British Isles. The king had diplomatic relations with most of the European kingdoms and formed alliances with Scotland and Castile, large castles such as Haakons Hall and cathedrals, the foremost being Nidaros Cathedral, were built
7.
Oscar II of Sweden
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Oscar II was King of Sweden from 1872 until his death and King of Norway from 1872 until his dethronement in 1905. He was the third of four sons of King Oscar I, as his eldest brother Charles XV was without heirs and his brother Prince Gustaf died in 1852, it was he who succeeded his brother as king. Oscar II was king during a period when Sweden was undergoing a period of industrialization, the declining Union of Sweden and Norway was finally dissolved in 1905 and Oscar became the last Bernadotte king of Norway. He died in 1907 and was succeed as King of Sweden by his son, at his birth in Stockholm, Oscar Fredrik was created Duke of Östergötland. He entered the navy at the age of eleven, and was appointed lieutenant in July 1845. Later he studied at Uppsala University, where he distinguished himself in mathematics, on 13 December 1848, he was made an honorary member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. On 6 June 1857 he married in Wiesbaden-Biebrich, Germany, Princess Sophia Wilhelmina, from 1859, when his father died, he was first in line to the Swedish throne after his oldest brother King Charles, who then had no male heirs. His middle brother Gustaf had died in 1852 and he succeeded his brother Charles XV / IV on 18 September 1872. At the accession he adopted as his motto Brödrafolkens väl / Broderfolkenes Vel, the political events which led up to the peaceful dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden in 1905 could hardly have been attained but for the tact and patience of the king himself. He was dethroned on 7 June 1905 by the Norwegian Parliament and he declined, indeed, to permit any prince of his house to become king of Norway, but better relations between the two countries were restored before his death. He died in Stockholm on 8 December 1907 at 9,10 AM and his acute intelligence and his aloofness from the dynastic considerations affecting most European sovereigns gave the king considerable weight as an arbitrator in international questions. At the request of Great Britain, Germany and the United States in 1889 he appointed the justice of Samoa. He was the 1, 027th Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece in Spain, the office of prime minister was instituted in 1876. Louis De Geer became the first head of government in Sweden to use this title, the most known and powerful first minister of the Crown during the reign of Oscar was the conservative estate owner Erik Gustaf Boström. Boström served as Prime Minister in 1891-1900 and 1902-1905 and he was trusted and respected by the king, who had much difficulty approving someone else as prime minister. Over a period of time, the king gave Boström a free hand to select his own ministers without much royal involvement and it was an arrangement that furthered the road to parliamentarism. Himself a distinguished writer and musical amateur, King Oscar proved a friend of learning. In 1858 a collection of his lyrical and narrative poems, Memorials of the Swedish Fleet, published anonymously, obtained the second prize of the Swedish Academy
8.
Prime Minister of Norway
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For a list, see List of heads of government of Norway. The Prime Minister of Norway is the leader of Norway. The Prime Minister and Cabinet are collectively accountable for their policies and actions to the Monarch, to the Storting, to their political party, and ultimately the electorate. In practice, since it is impossible for a government to stay in office against the will of the Storting. Norway has a Constitution, which was adopted on 17 May 1814, the position of Prime Minister is the result of legislation. As of 2017, the Prime Minister of Norway is Erna Solberg, unlike their counterparts in the rest of Europe, Norwegian Prime Ministers do not have the option of advising the King to dissolve the Storting and call a snap election. The Constitution requires that the Storting serve out its full four-year term, if the Prime Minister loses the confidence of the Storting, he or she must resign. As of 2015 six former Prime Ministers are alive, Odvar Nordli born 3 November 1927, kåre Willoch born 3 October 1928, served 1981–1986. Gro Harlem Brundtland born 20 April 1939, served 1981, 1986–1989, kjell Magne Bondevik born 3 September 1947, served 1997–2000 and 2001–2005. Thorbjørn Jagland born 5 November 1950, served 1996–1997, jens Stoltenberg born 16 March 1959, served 2000–2001 and 2005–2013. List of Prime Ministers of Norway Regjeringskvartalet Government Official Homepage
9.
Johannes Steen
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Johannes Wilhelm Christian Steen was a Norwegian politician and educator who served as Prime Minister of Norway from 1891 to 1893 and from 1898 to 1902. He grew up in Vesteraalen as the son of Judge and Member of Parliament John Svaboe Steen and his brother Frederik Steen was also a member of Parliament. At the University of Christiania in 1848, over the next 42 years, Steen combined his profession as teacher and educationist with a political career. He served as a teacher in Bergen and Tromsø and he was mayor of Tromsø and. From 1866 he was rector of Stavanger Latin School and he was mayor of Stavanger and In 1859 he was first elected member of the Storting for Tromsø. In 1868, Steen was elected to the Storting for Stavanger, from 1871, the Storting became increasingly marked by political struggle. Steen first became Prime Minister in 1891, in 1894, Steen was re-elected to the Storting from Trondheim. He subsequently held the position of Prime Minister from 1898–1902 and he was married in 1849 to Elise Henriette Stoltenberg. He died in 1906 at Voss in Hordaland, Norway
10.
Eivind Groven
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Eivind Groven was a Norwegian microtonal composer and music-theorist. He was from Telemark and had his background in the music of the area. Groven was born in Lårdal and came from a family of talented musicians and artists and his father, Olav Aasmundsson Gøytil, was the youngest of eight siblings, and two of his fathers brothers played the hardanger fiddle. Two of Grovens maternal uncles also played the fiddle, and his mothers sisters. Thus, Grovens rural background was filled with traditional music, Groven was the youngest of five brothers. Two of his brothers began to play the fiddle, and soon Eivind joined them and his father Olav was also an apt player, and in their childhood, the brothers learned notes, and sometimes played together, when they got their hands on classical sheet music. As Eivind grew up, he understood the value of writing down the tunes he heard from other fiddlers and he was also a skilled mathematician, and early on surpassed his older brothers. At the age of 16, Groven was infected with a case of wet gangrene in the lungs. During his reconvalescent period, he studied music and played the fiddle and he later recalled, I was free to do whatever I wished in that time. Eivind Groven studied at Notodden to become a teacher, as his father had been and he studied musical theory and composition for a year, mostly Berlioz and Beethoven. He held Beethoven in highest esteem for the rest of his life, in 1925, Groven married Ragna Hagen, the younger sister of the author Ingeborg Refling Hagen. This resulted in an artistic relationship, and Groven created great music based on the texts written by his sister-in-law. He and Ragna had four children, Aslaug, Tone, Dagne and his older brother Olav Groven, an equally talented folk musician, died from pneumonia in 1928, and Eivind reckoned this a heavy blow. Meanwhile, in 1931, Groven was appointed by the Norwegian Broadcasting Company, NRK and this allowed him to broadcast many rural musicians to the radio, helping to preserve the folk music for posterity. Reactions from the public were harsh and unfriendly. Debates intensified, and people living in Oslo mostly expressed their disgust for this barbaric music, Groven worked on, said little, as was his way, but it is known that he silently burnt all the hate-mail. He received great and valuable support from his rural community. Groven resigned his post in NRK during the war, after a brief and unwelcome encounter with Joseph Goebbels, from 1938 and into the war, Groven started his work on just intonation, which resulted in his special organ, completed in 1952
11.
1971 in Norway
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Events in the year 1971 in Norway. Monarch - Olav V Prime Minister - Per Borten until 17 October, Trygve Bratteli Municipal,17 March – Brattelis First Cabinet was appointed. 22 May - The crew quarters of the Norwegian passenger ship MS Meteor catches on fire outside Vancouver, British Columbia,32 people of the ships crew are killed in the event. 22 September - Princess Märtha Louise of Norway is born, per Arneberg, poet, prosaist and translator is awarded the Riksmål Society Literature Prize. Gunvor Hofmo, writer and poet, is awarded the Norwegian Critics Prize for Literature for Gjest på jorden, stein Mehren, poet, novelist, essayist and playwright, is awarded the Dobloug Prize literature award. Arild Nyquist, novelist, poet, childrens writer and musician, is awarded the Mads Wiel Nygaards Endowment literary prize,19 July - Hans Kristian Bromstad, politician 20 July - Olaf Ingebretsen, gymnast and Olympic bronze medallist 6 August - Finn Moe, politician. 19 August - Arthur Sundt, politician 4 September - Bjarne Lyngstad, politician and Minister 29 September – Johannes Lid, stang, art historian and writer Julius Sundsvik, novelist and newspaper editor
12.
1976 in Norway
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Events in the year 1976 in Norway. Monarch - Olav V Prime Minister - Trygve Bratteli until 15 January,18 January – A6. 2-magnitude earthquake occurs in Svalbard. 25 May - Conscription age in Norway is lowered from 20 to 19 years of age, karin Bang, poet and novelist, is awarded the Aschehoug Prize literature award. Finn Carling, novelist, playwright, poet and essayist, is awarded the Gyldendals Endowment literature prize, ekornes, businessperson Ludvig G. Sverdrup, civil engineer and military officer in America
13.
1984 in Norway
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Events in the year 1984 in Norway. Monarch – Olav V Prime Minister – Kåre Willoch 20 January – Arne Treholt was arrested on suspicion of spying for the Soviet Union,17 July – The first baby conceived in Norway by artificial insemination is born at the Regional Hospital of Trondheim. 1 September – NRK P2 begins its radio broadcasts from Trondheim, the 1984 Norwegian Football Cup was won by Fredrikstad after beating Viking 3-2 in the final. Live at Jazz Alive, live album by Thorgeir Stubø Simen Skjønsberg, journalist,14 April – Anders Haugen, ski jumper 22 April – Erling Nilsen, boxer and Olympic bronze medallist. 23 April – Ivar Johansen, bobsledder, henrik Edland, veterinarian Rolf Gammleng, violinist and organizational leader
14.
1978 in Norway
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Events in the year 1978 in Norway. All eighteen people on board are killed in the crash,28 August – At Hopen, Svalbard, a Soviet Tupolev Tu-16 aircraft accidentally crashes at the sides of Werenskioldfjellet. 7 September – Skateboarding is banned in Norway,22 October – Lillestrøm wins the 1978 Norwegian Football Cup final by beating Brann 2–1. Harald Sverdrup, poet and childrens writer, is awarded the Dobloug Prize literature award. B, sculptor Trond Frønes, musician Ray Kay, photographer 16 January – Otto Dahl, politician 16 January – Svein Helling, sport shooter 18 January – John Lyng, barrister and politician. 21 January – Olav Sundal, gymnast and Olympic silver medallist,21 February – Raoul Heide, fencer. 3 March – Georg Morgenstierne, linguist 13 March – Kaare Bache,1 April – Olaf Nygaard, cyclist 18 April – Alex Brinchmann, childrens physician and songwriter, novelist, playwright and crime writer. 25 April – Arne Rustadstuen, Nordic skier, Olympic bronze medallist and World Champion 4 May – Kolbjørn Fjeld, librarian,8 May – Klara Amalie Skoglund, politician 9 May – Halvor Bunkholt, politician 20 May – Bjarne Brustad, composer and violinist. 15 August – Viggo Brun, mathematician 15 August – Hartvig Kiran, poet,30 September – Eiliv Skard, classical philologist. 2 October – Sjur Johnsen, wrestler,15 October – Rolf Stenersen, track and field athlete, businessman, art collector, non-fiction writer, essayist, novelist, playwright and biographer. 17 October – Robert Giertsen, sailor 17 October – Sigurd Evensmo, author, poulsson, judge Lita Prahl, actress and costume designer Carl Søyland, newspaper editor
15.
1997 in Norway
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Events in the year 1997 in Norway. 4 June – Great Nordic Biker War, a car exploded outside a Bandidos motorcycle gang clubhouse in Drammen, killing Irene Astrid Bäkkenvold. 15 September – The 1997 Parliamentary election takes place, while Labour won a plurality of seats, they were unable to reach Jaglands 36, 9% threshold, gaining 35% of the vote. 17 October – Bondeviks First Cabinet was appointed,22 December - Værøy is struck by a 3.3 magnitude earthquake. 27 January – Berte Rognerud, politician 10 February – Harriet Andreassen, labour activist, politician and Minister 17 February – Lorentz Nitter,9 March – Ingvard Sverdrup, politician 15 March – Kåre Holt, author 17 March Harald Gustav Nilsen, illustrator. Vikan, politician 20 July – Alf Engen, skier and skiing school owner/teacher in America 2 August – Harald Kihle, painter,4 August – Randi Monsen, illustrator
16.
1983 in Norway
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Events in the year 1983 in Norway. Nesset was sentenced to 21 years in prison, the maximum punishment possible by Norwegian law,8 June – Willochs Second Cabinet was appointed. 18 August – Much of the Archbishops Palace in Trondheim burned down, municipal and county elections are held throughout the country. Odd Abrahamsen, poet, is awarded the Riksmål Society Literature Prize, karin Bang, poet and novelist, is awarded the Gyldendals Endowment literature prize. 1 July – Marit Larsen, singer and songwriter 3 January - Ludvig Ellefsrød, politician 16 January Gunnar S
17.
1985 in Norway
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Events in the year 1985 in Norway. Monarch - Olav V Prime Minister - Kåre Willoch 25 February – The trial of the accused spy Arne Treholt starts,20 June – Arne Treholt was sentenced to 20 years in prison for espionage. 9 September – The 1985 Parliamentary election takes place,3 December – The Rock carvings at Alta, Norways only prehistoric World Heritage Site, is designated by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. The volcano Beerenberg on the Norwegian volcanic island Jan Mayen erupts,4 May – With the song La det swinge, Norways Norwegian pop duo Bobbysocks. Fredrik Skagen, writer, is awarded the Norwegian Booksellers Prize, harald Sverdrup, poet and childrens writer, is awarded the Riksmål Society Literature Prize. 26 June – Torstein Kvamme, politician 9 July – Trygve Braarud, botanist 21 July – Arthur Klæbo, journalist
18.
Harry Lundeberg
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Harrald Olaf Lundeberg was a merchant seaman and an American labor leader. Lundeberg left his home in Oslo, Norway at age 14, joined the Seamens Union of Australia in 1917 and he sailed for 21 years on sailing ships and steamers of a variety of flags, eventually earning American citizenship. In 1934, Lundeberg was sailing as mate aboard the SS James W. Griffiths. In the course of the 1934 West Coast Longshore Strike, Lundeberg walked off his ship in Oakland in support of the strike, at its height, at least 8,000 west coast sailors joined the strike. On July 30,1934, as the strike came close to conclusion and this umbrella organization was called the Maritime Federation and Lundeberg was named its first president. Later that year, he was elected Secretary-Treasurer of SUP, a month later, William Green, president of the American Federation of Labor, took over the ISU with the goal of rebuilding it under the AFL. Lundeberg, who was now head of the Sailors Union of the Pacific. On October 15,1938 at an AFL convention in Houston, Texas, the new union numbered some 7,000 members on the east and gulf coasts. Lundeberg served as president of SIU from 1938 until his death from an attack in a San Francisco hospital on January 28,1957. There is a sculpture to Harry Lundeberg at 450 Harrison Street in San Francisco, California. The sculpture consists of a bust of Lundeberg, placed on a pedestal in front of the building. In 1967, Paul Hall established the Seafarers Harry Lundeberg School of Seamanship in Piney Point, since then, thousands of SIU members have advanced their skills, and thousands of young people from deprived backgrounds have found employment through the school. There is a memorial to Hary Lundeberg outside the Seamans Hotel at the Seafarers Harry Lundeburg School of Seamanship, norwegian Cruise Line provides in-house STCW training in this facility for for their new hires. Lundeberg was 6 feet 2½ inches tall and weighed 190 pounds Lundeberg was tattooed, Lundeberg had a longstanding feud with longshoremans president Harry Bridges. Lundeberg once got a smashed jaw from a C. I. O. which was no different from the Teamsters at its worst and they came on our ships with baseball bats and bicycle chains. Thats how they introduced their union to Canada, retrieved March 16,2008 Frank Drozak Andrew Furuseth Michael Sacco Paul Hall Archie Green, Harry Lundebergs Stetson & Other Nautical Treasures. ISBN 0-9744124-3-0 Bio blurb at West Coast Sailors West Coast Sailors 30 Mar 2001, Harry Lundeberg Centennial Tribute
19.
Tore Segelcke
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Tore Dyveke Segelcke was a Norwegian actress. She was the sister of Georg Løkkeberg, and married from 1927-42 to her colleague Lasse Segelcke and she made her debut in 1921 touring with Det Norske Teatret where she was based until 1924. From then on she worked with Det Frie Teater, and then joined the Den Nationale Scene, in 1928 she went to Nationaltheatret, where she stayed until 1972, apart from two years at Det Nye Teater. In her time, she was one of Nationaltheatrets leading actresses in both classical and modern dramatics and she took a total of 104 roles at Nationaltheateret. In the 1950s, Segelcke shaped her own Individual Theatre, in 1954, she went to many European cities with her One Woman Show, with extracts from Bjørnsons Bergliot, Medea by Jean Anouilh and Din stemme by Jean Cocteau. It was a success, and she toured the USA in 1956 and 1958. From 1959 onwards, she spent many summers in Folldal, from 1944-45 she was the theatre representative for the Home Front. «Hos Tore Segelcke på Uppigard Streitlien i Folldal» I, Årbok for Glåmdalen 1973 museumsnett. no About Folldal bygdetun, with full biography bjornsgard. no About Bjørnsgård
20.
1979 in Norway
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Events in the year 1979 in Norway. Monarch - Olav V Prime Minister - Odvar Nordli Municipal and county elections are held throughout the country, bryggen and the Urnes stave church are designated by UNESCO as World Heritage Sites. March - the planet Hoth scenes from the Hollywood film The Empire Strikes Back were filmed in the Hardangerjøkulen glacier, december 1 - During an episode of Jul i Skomakergata on NRK, Sandmännchen premieres on Norwegian television for the first time. Åge Rønning, writer and journalist, is awarded the Riksmål Society Literature Prize, nils Johan Rud, novelist, short story writer and magazine editor, is awarded the Dobloug Prize for Swedish and Norwegian fiction. Bjørg Vik, writer, playwright and journalist, is awarded the Norwegian Critics Prize for Literature for the short stories En håndfull lengsel. 24 April – Tor Henning Hamre, footballer 25 April – Nils-Torolv Simonsen, rower 25 April – Martin Sjølie, pianist, songwriter and record producer 1 May – Lars Berger,13 June – Nila Håkedal, beach volleyball player. 31 August – Camilla Huse, footballer 3 September – Stian Eckhoff, biathlete
21.
1953 in Norway
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Events in the year 1953 in Norway. Monarch - Haakon VII Prime Minister - Oscar Torp 1 June –The first Bergen International Festival opens,16 July – Parliament voted to move the main base for the Navy from Horten to Bergen. 11 September - The Norwegian Consumer Council established 12 October – The 1953 Parliamentary election takes place,15 November – Four men suspected of spying for the Soviet Union were arrested in Kirkenes. The Norwegian Academy for Language and Literature is founded
22.
1967 in Norway
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Events in the year 1967 in Norway. Monarch - Olav V Prime Minister - Per Borten 1 January - The Norwegian National Insurance Act was introduced,22 October – The opening of the Tjeldsund Bridge. 24 November – The voting age in Norway was set to 20 years of age, municipal and county elections are held throughout the country. The Government Pension Fund of Norway was established by the Norwegian National Insurance Act Per Hansson, journalist, hallvard Rieber-Mohn, writer and Dominican priest, is awarded the Riksmål Society Literature Prize. Astrid Tollefsen, poet, is awarded the Norwegian Critics Prize for Literature for the poetry collection Hendelser,21 February – Marianne Aasen, politician 7 March – Helje Solberg, journalist
23.
Minister (Christianity)
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The term is taken from Latin minister, which itself was derived from minus. In Catholic churches, the concept of a priesthood is emphasised, many ministers are styled as The Reverend, however some use Pastor as a title, and others do not use any specific form of address. The Church of England defines the ministry of priests as follows, Priests are called to be servants, with their Bishop and fellow ministers, they are to proclaim the word of the Lord and to watch for the signs of Gods new creation. Formed by the word, they are to call their hearers to repentance and to declare in Christs name the absolution, with all Gods people, they are to tell the story of Gods love. They are to baptize new disciples in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit and they are to unfold the Scriptures, to preach the word in season and out of season, and to declare the mighty acts of God. They are to preside at the Lords table and lead his people in worship, offering them a spiritual sacrifice of praise. They are to bless the people in Gods name and they are to resist evil, support the weak, defend the poor, and intercede for all in need. They are to minister to the sick and prepare the dying for their death, guided by the Spirit, they are to discern and foster the gifts of all Gods people, that the whole Church may be built up in unity and faith. All denominations require that the minister has a sense of calling. One of the clearest references is found in 1 Timothy 3, 1-16, moreover he must have a good report of them which are without, lest he fall into reproach and the snare of the devil. Likewise must the deacons be grave, not doubletongued, not given to wine, not greedy of filthy lucre. And let these also first be proved, then let them use the office of a deacon, even so must their wives be grave, not slanderers, sober, faithful in all things. Let the deacons be the husbands of one wife, ruling their children, the churches have three orders of ordained clergy, Bishops are the primary clergy, administering all sacraments and governing the church. Priests administer the sacraments and lead local congregations, they cannot ordain other clergy, however, in some denominations, deacons play a non-sacramental and assisting role in the liturgy. Until the Reformation, the clergy were the first estate but were relegated to the estate in Protestant Northern Europe. After compulsory celibacy was abolished during the Reformation, the formation of an hereditary priestly class became possible, whereby wealth. Higher positioned clergy formed this clerical educated upper class, High Church Anglicanism and High Church Lutheranism tend to emphasise the role of the clergy in dispensing the Christian Sacrament. Bishops, priests and deacons have traditionally officiated over of acts worship, reverence, rituals, among these central traditions have been baptism, Confirmation, Penance, Anointing of the Sick, Holy Orders, marriage, the Mass or the Divine Service, and coronations
24.
Church of Norway
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The Church of Norway, from 2017 called the Peoples Church, is a Lutheran denomination of Protestant Christianity that serves as the peoples church and the largest church in Norway. The church was established after the Lutheran reformation in Denmark–Norway in 1536–1537 broke ties with the Holy See, the church professes the Lutheran Christian faith, with its foundation on the Bible, the Apostles, Nicene and Athanasian Creeds, Luthers Small Catechism and the Augsburg Confession. The church is a member of the Porvoo Communion with 12 other churches and it has also signed some other ecumenical texts, including the Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification with the Roman Catholic Church. Until 1969, the name for administrative purposes was simply the State Church or sometimes just the Church. While the church remains state-funded and integrated in the administration with a special constitutional role, it is largely self-governing in doctrinal matters. On 27 May,2016, Stortinget passed a new bill that establishes the Church of Norway as an independent legal entity rather than a branch of the civil service, the Church of Norway officially ceased to be the state church on January 1,2017. Until 1845 the Church of Norway was the only religious organization in Norway. Dissenterloven was a passed by the Storting on 16 July 1845 that allowed the establishment of alternative religious bodies. This bill was in 1969 replaced by Lov om trudomssamfunn og ymist anna, until 2012 the constitutional head of the church was the King of Norway, who is obliged to profess himself a Lutheran. After the constitutional amendment of May 21,2012, the church is self-governed with regard to doctrinal issues, bishops and priests are civil servants also after the 2012 constitutional reform. Each parish has an autonomous administration, the state itself does not administer church buildings, buildings and adjacent land instead belong to the parish as an independent public institution. The Minister of Church Affairs, Trond Giske, was responsible for proposing the 2012 amendments, the church itself explained that, In 2012 the Parliament changed the constitution such that Norway no longer has a public religion. The Church of Norway can accordingly no longer be labeled as state church, a bill passed in 2016 created the Church of Norway as an independent legal entity, effective from 1 January 2017. The church has a structure, with 1,284 parishes,106 deaneries,11 dioceses and since 2 October 2011. The dioceses are – according to the rank of the five historic sees and then according to age, Nidaros, seated in Trondheim, bishops, Presiding Bishop of Nidaros and Bishop of Nidaros Cathedral Deanery Helga Haugland Byfuglien, Bishop of Nidaros Tor Singsaas. Bjørgvin, seated in Bergen, covering the counties of Hordaland, Oslo, seated in Oslo, covering Oslo and parts of the county of Akershus. Stavanger, seated in Stavanger, covering the county of Rogaland, Hamar, seated in Hamar, covering the counties of Hedmark and Oppland. Nord-Hålogaland, seated in Tromsø, covering the counties of Troms and Finnmark, agder og Telemark, seated in Kristiansand, covering the counties of Vest-Agder, Aust-Agder and Telemark
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1975 in Norway
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Events in the year 1975 in Norway. Monarch - Olav V Prime Minister - Trygve Bratteli 1 January - Advertising of alcohol, NRK started television broadcasts in color. Municipal and county elections are held throughout the country, July 29 to August 7 - 14th World Scout Jamboree, Lillehammer Stein Mehren, poet, novelist, essayist and playwright, is awarded the Riksmål Society Literature Prize. 9 January – Rolf Bae, mountaineer 12 March – Cecilie Leganger,27 July - Kristian Welhaven, chief of the Oslo police force 1927-195410 August – Andreas Backer, journalist and organizational leader
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1940 in Norway
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Events in the year 1940 in Norway. 1940 is the year when Norway became drawn into World War II, on 9 April Nazi Germany invaded the country, which remained occupied until 8 May 1945. See the article Occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany for an exposition of World War II in Norway. 8 April - In Operation Wilfred the United Kingdom places fictitious, the aim was to provoke a German response. The German troop transport ship MS Rio de Janeiro sinks after being torpedoed by the Polish submarine ORP Orzeł off Lillesand,9 April - German invasion of Norway, Nazi Germany carries out Operation Weserübung, and invades Denmark and Norway. Norway is at war for the first time since 1814, German forces land in several Norwegian ports and take Oslo, The Norwegian Campaign lasts two months. German invasion of Norway, Egersund is captured by the Germans without resistance, German invasion of Norway, Arendal is captured by the Germans without resistance. German invasion of Norway, Stavanger Airport, Sola is attacked and captured by the Germans, German invasion of Norway, German heavy cruiser Blücher is sunk by gunfire and torpedoes from the Norwegian coastal fortress Oscarsborg in the Oslofjord. Of the 2,202 German crew and troops on board, Most either drowned or burnt to death in the flaming oil slick surrounding the wreck. German invasion of Norway, German air-landed soldiers land at and capture the airport at Fornebu near Oslo,10 April - German invasion of Norway, Germans set up a Norwegian government under Vidkun Quisling, former minister of defence. A second attack on 13 April will also be a British success,13 April - Norwegian Campaign, British and French troops begin landing at Namsos and Harstad in Norway. The landings are aimed at recapturing Trondheim and Narvik, respectively, 14–19 April - Norwegian Campaign, Battle of Dombås, Norwegian Army units defeat German Fallschirmjäger attack. 24 April - German occupation of Norway, Adolf Hitler names Josef Terboven as Reichskommissar of Norway with power to invoke,27 April - Norwegian Campaign, British troops begin pull-out from southern and central parts of Norway. 1 May - Norwegian Campaign, Allies begin evacuating south-western and central-Norwegian ports,5 May - Norwegian Campaign, Hegra Fortress capitulates after all other Norwegian forces in southern Norway have laid down their arms. 10 May - Norwegian Campaign, The Hurtigruten steamer Nordnorge is sunk at Hemnesberget while being used as a German troop ship,24 May - Norwegian Campaign, The British make a final decision to cease operations in Norway. 27 May - Norwegian Campaign, Most of Bodø was destroyed during a Luftwaffe attack,6,000 people were living in Bodø at that time, and 3,500 people lost their homes in the attack. 28 May - Norwegian Campaign, Norwegian, French, Polish and British forces recapture the Norwegian harbour-city Narvik which was of strategic importance to Germany. This is the first allied infantry victory of World War II,8 June - Norwegian Campaign, The last of the Allied troops leave Norway
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