1.
1903
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As of the start of 1903, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. January 1 – Edward VII is proclaimed Emperor of India, January 19 – The first west–east transatlantic radio broadcast is made from the United States to England. February 11 – The Oxnard strike of 1903 becomes the first time in U. S. history that a union is formed from members of different races. February 15 – Morris and Rose Michtom introduce the first teddy bear in the United States, february 17 – El Yunque National Forest in Puerto Rico becomes part of the United States National Forest System as the Luquillo Forest Reserve. February 23 – Cuba leases Guantánamo Bay to the United States in perpetuity, march 2 – In New York City, the Martha Washington Hotel, the first hotel exclusively for women, opens. March 3 – The British Admiralty announces plans to build a base at Rosyth. March 4 – Beşiktaş J. K. founded, march 5 – The Ottoman Empire and the German Empire sign an agreement to build the Constantinople–Baghdad Railway. March 12 – The University of Puerto Rico is founded, march 14 – The Hay–Herrán Treaty, granting the United States the right to build the Panama Canal, is ratified by the United States Senate. The Colombian Senate later rejects the treaty, april 26 – Atletico Madrid, as well known for professional football club in Spain, officially founded. April 29 – A 30-million-m3 landslide kills 70-90 in Frank, Alberta, april 29 – The 7.0 Ms Manzikert earthquake affects eastern Turkey, leaving 3,500 dead. May 4 – The leading Macedonian Bulgarian revolutionary Gotse Delchev is killed in a skirmish with the Turkish army, may 18 – The port of Burgas, Bulgaria opens. May 24 – The Paris–Madrid race for automobiles begins, during which at least eight people are killed, june 11 – Serbian King Alexander Obrenović and Queen Draga are assassinated in Belgrade by the Black Hand organization. June 14 – The town of Heppner, Oregon, is destroyed by a cloud burst that resulted in a flash flood that kills an estimated 238 people. July 1–July 19 – First Tour de France bicycle race, won by Maurice Garin, july 7 – The British take over the Fulani Empire. July 23 – Dr. Ernst Pfenning of Chicago becomes the first owner of a Ford Model A, july 29 – Explosion of a United States Cartridge Company magazine destroys 70 homes killing 22 residents of Tewksbury, Massachusetts. July 30–August 23 – Second Congress of the All-Russian Social Democratic Labour Party held in exile in Brussels, august 2 – The Ilinden–Preobrazhenie Uprising, organized by the Secret Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization, breaks out in the Ottoman provinces of Macedonia and Adrianople. August 4 – Pope Pius X succeeds Pope Leo XIII as the 257th pope, august 10 – Paris Métro train fire takes place. August 25 – The Judiciary Act is passed in the Australian parliament, september – Texas State University in San Marcos, TX opens its doors as Southwest Texas Normal School
2.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
3.
1901 in the United States
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Events from the year 1901 in the United States. January 10 – In the first great Texas gusher, oil is discovered at Spindletop in Beaumont, january 28 – Baseballs American League declares itself a Major League. February 20 – The Hawaii Territory Legislature convenes for the first time, february 25 – U. S. Steel, the first billion-dollar corporation and at some time the worlds largest producer of steel, is incorporated by industrialist J. P. Morgan. March 2 – The U. S. Congress passes the Platt Amendment, march 4 – United States President William McKinley begins his 2nd term. Theodore Roosevelt is sworn in as Vice President of the United States, april 25 – New York State becomes the first to require automobile license plates. May 3 – The Great Fire of 1901 begins in Jacksonville, may 17 – The U. S. stock market crashes for the first time. May 27 – In New Jersey, the Edison Storage Battery Company is founded, june 12 – Cuba becomes a U. S. protectorate. June 22 to July 31 – The worst heat wave in US history until the 1930s, July 24 – O. Henry is released from prison in Columbus, Ohio after serving 3 years for embezzlement from the First National Bank in Austin, Texas. Vice President Theodore Roosevelt utters the phrase, Speak softly. September 5 – The National Association of Professional Baseball Leagues is formed in Chicago, september 6 – American anarchist Leon Czolgosz shoots U. S. President William McKinley at the Pan-American Exposition in Buffalo, New York. September 14 – Theodore Roosevelt succeeds William McKinley as President of the United States, september 26 – The body of U. S. President Abraham Lincoln is exhumed and reinterred in concrete several feet thick. October 4 – The American yacht Columbia defeats the Irish Shamrock in the Americas Cup yachting race, october 16 – U. S. President Theodore Roosevelt invites African American leader Booker T. Washington to the White House. The American South reacts angrily to the visit, and racial violence increases in the region, october 23 – Yale University celebrates its bicentennial. October 24 – Michigan schoolteacher Annie Taylor goes down Niagara Falls in a barrel, october 29 – In Amherst, New Hampshire, nurse Jane Toppan is arrested for murdering the Davis family of Boston with an overdose of morphine. October 29 – Leon Czolgosz, the assassin of William McKinley, is executed by electrocution, november 1 – Sigma Phi Epsilon is founded in Richmond, Virginia. November 15 – The Alpha Sigma Alpha Fraternity is founded at Longwood University, november 28 – The new state constitution of Alabama requires voters to have passed literacy tests. December 3 – U. S. President Theodore Roosevelt delivers a 20, the Intercollegiate Prohibition Association is established in Chicago. Senator from Colorado from 1957 to 1963 August 3 – John C, bradbury, United States Senator from Maine from 1847 till 1853
4.
1902 in the United States
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Events from the year 1902 in the United States. January 8 – A train collision in the New York Central Railroads Park Avenue Tunnel kills 17, injures 38, january 28 – The Carnegie Institution is founded in Washington, DC with a $10 million gift from Andrew Carnegie. February 18 – U. S. President Roosevelt prosecutes the Northern Securities Company for violation of the Sherman Act, February 22 – Senators Benjamin Tillman and John L. McLaurin, both of South Carolina, have a fist fight while Congress is in session. Both Tillman and McLaurin are censured by the Senate on February 28, February - The Yellow Fever Commission announces that the disease is carried out by mosquitoes March 10 – A Circuit Court prevents Thomas Edison from having a monopoly on motion picture technology. April 2 – Electric Theatre, the first movie theater in the United States, opens in Los Angeles, april 7 - The Texas Oil Company Texaco is founded. May 15 – It is claimed that in a field outside Grass Valley, California, there is no surviving evidence to verify this claim. May 20 – Cuba gains independence from the United States, june 2 – The Anthracite Coal Strike begins in the United States. June 15 – The New York Central railroad inaugurates the 20th Century Limited passenger train between Chicago and New York City, New York, june 17 – The Newlands Reclamation Act funds irrigation projects for the arid lands of 17 states in the American West. July 1 – The Philippine Organic Act becomes law and it provided that the lower house of the Philippine legislature would be elected after the insurrection ended. July 4 – The Philippine–American War ends, july 10 – The Rolling Mill Mine disaster in Johnstown, Pennsylvania kills 112 miners. August 22 – Theodore Roosevelt becomes the first American President to ride in an automobile when he rides in a Columbia Electric Victoria through Hartford, september 19 – Shiloh Baptist Church disaster,119 people are killed during a stampede at the church in Birmingham, Alabama. October 21 – In the United States, a strike by the United Mine Workers ends. October 24 – Delta Zeta Sorority is founded at Miami University in Oxford, November 30 – American Old West, The second-in-command of Butch Cassidys Wild Bunch gang, Kid Curry Logan, is sentenced to 20 years hard labor. December – The Venezuela Crisis of 1902–1903 occurs, in which Britain, Germany and this prompts the development of the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine. The Potawatomi Zoo opens in South Bend, progressive Era Lochner era Philippine–American War February 13 – Blair Moody, United States Senator from Michigan from 1951 till 1952. July 4 – George Murphy, United States Senator from California from 1965 till 1971, February 18 – Charles Lewis Tiffany, founder of Tiffany & Co. August 10 – James McMillan, Canadian-born U. S, Senator from Michigan from 1889 to 1902 October 26 – Elizabeth Cady Stanton, suffragist November 27 – George S. Sabin, U. S. Senator from Minnesota from 1883 to 1889 List of American films of 1902 American Annual Cyclopaedia
5.
1904 in the United States
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Events from the year 1904 in the United States.37 mph. January 16 – The first large-scale bodybuilding competition in America takes place at Madison Square Garden in New York City, February 7 – The Great Baltimore Fire in Baltimore, Maryland destroys over 1,500 buildings in 30 hours. February 23 – For $10 million, the United States gains control of the Panama Canal Zone, April 8 – Longacre Square in Midtown Manhattan is renamed Times Square after The New York Times. April 30 – The Louisiana Purchase Exposition Worlds Fair opens in St. Louis, may 4 – U. S. Army engineers begin work on The Panama Canal. May 5 – Pitching against the Philadelphia Athletics, Cy Young of the Boston Americans throws the first perfect game in the era of baseball. May 30 – Alpha Gamma Delta womens fraternity is founded at Syracuse University in Syracuse, june 15 – A fire aboard the steamboat General Slocum in New York Citys East River kills 1,021. July 1 – The third Modern Olympic Games opens in St. Louis, Missouri, july 23 – In St. Louis, Missouri, the ice cream cone is invented during the Louisiana Purchase Exposition. October 1 – Phi Delta Epsilon, the medical fraternity, is founded by Aaron Brown. October 17 – Amadeo Giannini founds the Bank of Italy in San Francisco, october 19 – Polytechnic University of the Philippines is founded as Manila Business School through the superintendence of the American C. A. October 27 – The first underground line of the New York City Subway opens, november 8 – U. S. presidential election,1904, Republican incumbent Theodore Roosevelt defeats Democrat Alton B. December 10 – The Pi Kappa Phi Fraternity is founded at the College of Charleston in South Carolina, december 30 – The East Boston Tunnel opens. December 31 – In New York City, the first New Years Eve celebration is held in Times Square, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints President Joseph F. Smith issues a Second Manifesto against polygamy. Stuyvesant High School is founded in New York City, the Daytona Educational and Industrial Training School for Negro Girls, now Bethune-Cookman University, is founded. Senator from Idaho from 1945 to 1951 April 20 – Bob Bartlett, senator from Alaska from 1959 to 1968 May 17 – John J. Williams, U. S. Senator from Georgia from 1873 to 1880 and from 1891 to 1897 January 20 – Maria Louisa Bustill, schoolteacher, mother of Paul Robeson February 15 – Mark Hanna, U. S. Shoup, U. S. Senator from Idaho from 1890 to 1901 List of American films of 1904 Domestic Chronology, Statistician and Economist, San Francisco, Louis P. McCarty,1905, media related to 1904 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
6.
1905 in the United States
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Events from the year 1905 in the United States. President, Theodore Roosevelt Vice President, vacant, Charles W. March 10 – In Cleveland, Ohio, March 17 – Franklin D. Roosevelt marries his fifth cousin Eleanor Roosevelt, President Roosevelt, the brides uncle, gives her away. March 20 – Grover Shoe Factory disaster, A boiler explosion, building collapse and fire in Brockton, April 6 – Lochner v. New York, The Supreme Court of the United States invalidates New Yorks 8-hour-day law. April 6–July 19 – The 1905 Chicago Teamsters strike,21 people die and 416 are injured in the violence, merriam leads the Saurian Expedition, a paleontological research mission in northern Nevada. May 10 – The 1905 Snyder, Oklahoma tornado destroys much of Snyder, Oklahoma, may 15 – Las Vegas, Nevada is founded when 110 acres, in what later becomes downtown, are auctioned off. June 1–October 14 – The Lewis and Clark Centennial Exposition is held in Portland, Oregon, celebrating the 100th anniversary of the Lewis and Clark expedition. June 24 – The founding convention of the Industrial Workers of the World, A radical workers union, du Bois and William Monroe Trotter establish the Niagara Movement, a precursor to the National Association to the Advancement of Colored People. July 29 – U. S. Secretary of War William Howard Taft has talks with Prime Minister of Japan Katsura Taro, notes from these conversations are later found in 1924 and cause a controversy as it appears to contain U. S. recognition of Japans claims in Korea. September 5 – Russo-Japanese War – Treaty of Portsmouth, In New Hampshire, Russia cedes the island of Sakhalin and port and rail rights in Manchuria to Japan. September 11 –19 die and 48 are seriously injured when the Ninth Avenue Elevated train derails in Manhattan, october 5 – The Wright Brothers third aeroplane stays in the air for 39 minutes with Wilbur piloting. This is the first aeroplane flight lasting over half an hour, december 30 – A bomb kills Frank Steunenberg, ex-governor of Idaho, the case leads to a trial against leaders of the Western Federation of Miners. Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer are banned from the Brooklyn Public Library for setting a bad example, the Institute of Musical Art, now known as the Juilliard School, is founded in New York City. Progressive Era Lochner era Black Patch Tobacco Wars April 9 – J. William Fulbright, Senator from Minnesota from 1940 to 1942 and 1943 to 1949 January 19 – Benjamin F. Rice, United States Senator from Arkansas from 1868 till 1873. February 27 – George S. Boutwell, United States Senator from Massachusetts from 1851 till 1853, March 1 – Edward O. Wolcott, United States Senator from Colorado from 1889 till 1901. March 6 – John Henninger Reagan, United States Senator from Texas, Acting Confederate States Secretary of the Treasury, bate, 23rd Governor of Tennessee from 1883 till 1887 and United States Senator from Tennessee from 1887 till 1905. March 18 – Joseph Roswell Hawley, United States Senator from Connecticut from 1881 till 1905, April 21 – Orville H. Platt, United States Senator from Connecticut from 1879 till 1905. July 1 – John Hay, author, biographer, 37th United States Secretary of State List of American films of 1905 Media related to 1905 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
7.
Flag of the United States
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The flag of the United States, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. S. Nicknames for the flag include The Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, the current design of the U. S. flag is its 27th, the design of the flag has been modified officially 26 times since 1777. The 48-star flag was in effect for 47 years until the 49-star version became official on July 4,1959, the 50-star flag was ordered by the then president Eisenhower on August 21,1959, and was adopted in July 1960. It is the version of the U. S. flag and has been in use for over 56 years. At the time of the Declaration of Independence in July 1776, the flag contemporaneously known as the Continental Colors has historically been referred to as the first national flag. The name Grand Union was first applied to the Continental Colors by George Preble in his 1872 history of the American flag, the flag closely resembles the British East India Company flag of the era, and Sir Charles Fawcett argued in 1937 that the company flag inspired the design. Both flags could have been constructed by adding white stripes to a British Red Ensign. However, an East India Company flag could have nine to 13 stripes. In any case, both the stripes and the stars have precedents in classical heraldry, Flag Day is now observed on June 14 of each year. While scholars still argue about this, tradition holds that the new flag was first hoisted in June 1777 by the Continental Army at the Middlebrook encampment. The first official U. S. flag flown during battle was on August 3,1777, Massachusetts reinforcements brought news of the adoption by Congress of the official flag to Fort Schuyler. A voucher is extant that Capt. Swartwout of Dutchess County was paid by Congress for his coat for the flag, the 1777 resolution was most probably meant to define a naval ensign. In the late 18th century, the notion of a flag did not yet exist. The flag resolution appears between other resolutions from the Marine Committee, on May 10,1779, Secretary of the Board of War Richard Peters expressed concern it is not yet settled what is the Standard of the United States. However, the term, Standard, referred to a standard for the Army of the United States. Each regiment was to carry the standard in addition to its regimental standard. The national standard was not a reference to the national or naval flag, the appearance was up to the maker of the flag. Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows, one arrangement features 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle, the so-called Betsy Ross flag
8.
Timeline of United States history
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This is a timeline of United States history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political and economic events in the United States and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of the United States, some dates before September 14,1752, when the British government adopted the Gregorian calendar, may be given in the Old Style
9.
Federal government of the United States
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The Federal Government of the United States is the national government of the United States, a republic in North America, composed of 50 states, one district, Washington, D. C. and several territories. The federal government is composed of three branches, legislative, executive, and judicial, whose powers are vested by the U. S. Constitution in the Congress, the President, and the courts, including the Supreme Court. The powers and duties of these branches are defined by acts of Congress. The full name of the republic is United States of America, no other name appears in the Constitution, and this is the name that appears on money, in treaties, and in legal cases to which it is a party. The terms Government of the United States of America or United States Government are often used in documents to represent the federal government as distinct from the states collectively. In casual conversation or writing, the term Federal Government is often used, the terms Federal and National in government agency or program names generally indicate affiliation with the federal government. Because the seat of government is in Washington, D. C, Washington is commonly used as a metonym for the federal government. The outline of the government of the United States is laid out in the Constitution, the government was formed in 1789, making the United States one of the worlds first, if not the first, modern national constitutional republics. The United States government is based on the principles of federalism and republicanism, some make the case for expansive federal powers while others argue for a more limited role for the central government in relation to individuals, the states or other recognized entities. For example, while the legislative has the power to create law, the President nominates judges to the nations highest judiciary authority, but those nominees must be approved by Congress. The Supreme Court, in its turn, has the power to invalidate as unconstitutional any law passed by the Congress and these and other examples are examined in more detail in the text below. The United States Congress is the branch of the federal government. It is bicameral, comprising the House of Representatives and the Senate, the House currently consists of 435 voting members, each of whom represents a congressional district. The number of each state has in the House is based on each states population as determined in the most recent United States Census. All 435 representatives serve a two-year term, each state receives a minimum of one representative in the House. There is no limit on the number of terms a representative may serve, in addition to the 435 voting members, there are six non-voting members, consisting of five delegates and one resident commissioner. In contrast, the Senate is made up of two senators from each state, regardless of population, there are currently 100 senators, who each serve six-year terms
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Media related to 1903 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
