The 1906 South Australian state election was held on 3 November 1906 to elect all 42 seats in the South Australian House of Assembly. The seat of Northern Territory went to an election on 10 November.

Thomas Price served as the South Australian United Labor Party's first Premier of South Australia. He formed a minority government at the 1905 election and was re-elected with increased representation at the 1906 election, serving in the premiership until his death in 1909. It was the world's first stable Labor government. Shortly afterwards, John Verran led Labor to form the state's first of many majority governments at the 1910 election.