The 1906 Victorian Football Association season was the 30th season of the Australian rules football competition. The premiership was won by the West Melbourne Football Club, after defeating Footscray in the close final by eleven points. It was the first and only premiership won by West Melbourne during its nine-season stint in the VFA.

The West Melbourne Football Club was an Australian rules football club which played in the Victorian Football Association (VFA). Its senior side competed in the VFA from 1878 through 1908, its peak as a club coming after it won the 1906 premiership. After disbanding at the end of the 1908 season, its identity was essentially overtaken by the North Melbourne Football Club, whose uniform briefly reflected the acquisition in the years following.