1.
1908
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As of the start of 1908, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. According to NASA reports,1908 was the coldest recorded year since 1880, january 1 – Nimrod Expedition, Ernest Shackleton sets sail from New Zealand on the Nimrod for Antarctica. January 12 – A long-distance radio message is sent from the Eiffel Tower for the first time, january 13 – A fire at the Rhoads Opera House in Boyertown, Pennsylvania, U. S. A. kills 170. January 24 – Start of publication of Robert Baden-Powells Scouting for Boys in London, the book will over time sell over 100 million copies and effectively begin the worldwide Boy Scout movement. February 1 – Lisbon Regicide, King Carlos I of Portugal, february 3 – Panathinaikos, as well known for professional multi-sports club of Greece, founded in Athens. February 12 – The first around-the-world car race, the 1908 New York to Paris Race, february 18 – Japanese emigration to the United States is forbidden under terms of the Gentlemens Agreement of 1907. March – The Childrens Encyclopædia begins publication in London, march 4 The Pretoria branch of the Transvaal University College, precursor to the University of Pretoria, is established. The Collinwood school fire, near Cleveland, Ohio, U. S. A. kills 174, march 9 – Inter Milan, a well-known football club in Italy, founded. March 21 – French aviator Léon Delagrange pilots the first passenger flight with Henri Farman on board, march 27 – The first Scout troop outside the U. K. is formed in Gibraltar. April 20 – Sunshine rail disaster, A rear-end collision of two trains in Melbourne, Australia, kills 44 people and injures more than 400, april 21 – Frederick Cook claims to have reached the North Pole on this date. May 26–October – Franco-British Exhibition held in London, may 26 – At Masjed Soleyman in southwest Persia, the first major commercial oil discovery in the Middle East is made. The rights to the resource are quickly acquired by the United Kingdom, july 6 – Robert Peary sets sail for the North Pole. July 11–12 – The steamship Amalthea, housing 80 British strikebreakers in Malmö harbour, july 13–25 –1908 Summer Olympics held in London. The Winter Olympics are held here on 19–31 October, july 23 – Young Turk Revolution, The Committee of Union and Progress issues a formal ultimatum to Sultan Abdul Hamid II to restore the constitution of 1876 within the Ottoman Empire. It is restored the following day, july 27-28 – The 1908 Hong Kong typhoon sinks the passenger steamer Ying King, losing 421 lives. August 8 – Wilbur Wright flies in France for the first time demonstrating true controlled powered flight in Europe, august 8 – The Hoover Company of Canton, Ohio, acquires manufacturing rights to the upright portable vacuum cleaner just invented by James M. Spangler. August 17 – Émile Cohl makes the first fully animated film, august 24 – After an intense power struggle, Sultan Abdelaziz of Morocco is deposed, and is succeeded by his brother Abd al-Hafid. September 17 – At Fort Myer, Virginia, U. S. A, thomas Selfridge becomes the first person to die in an airplane crash
2.
United States
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Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
3.
1906 in the United States
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Events from the year 1906 in the United States. February 26 – Upton Sinclair publishes The Jungle, a novel depicting the life of an immigrant family in Chicago during the early 1900s, march 17 – The Phi Kappa Tau Fraternity is founded at Miami University, Oxford, Ohio. April 5 – The Maryland General Assembly authorizes the election of the Union Soldiers and Sailors Monument in Baltimore, june 6 – Durham and Southern Railway operates its first revenue train, Bonsal to Durham, North Carolina. June 8 – Theodore Roosevelt signs the Antiquities Act into law, june 25 – Harry K. Thaw shoots architect Stanford White. June 29 – Mesa Verde is declared a National Park, june 30 – The United States Congress passes the Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act. July 11 – Murder of Grace Brown, august 23 – Unable to control a rebellion in the newly formed Cuban Republic, President Tomás Estrada Palma requests U. S. intervention. September 5 – Bradbury Robinson of St. Louis University throws the first legal pass in an American football game. September 22 – Atlanta race riot, Race riots in Atlanta, Georgia result in 27 people killed, september 24 – U. S. President Theodore Roosevelt proclaims Devils Tower, Wyoming as the nations first National Monument. September 26 – The first concert of the Telharmonium, the first music synthesizer, is presented at Telharmonic Hall, september 30 – The first Gordon Bennett Cup in ballooning is held, starting in Paris. The winning team, piloting the balloon United States, lands in Fylingdales, Yorkshire, England. October 1 – The Madeira School, a boarding school for girls, opens with 28 students attending classes in 2 buildings on 19th Street, just off Dupont Circle in downtown Washington. October 11 – The San Francisco public school board sparks a United States diplomatic crisis with Japan, November 9 – U. S. President Theodore Roosevelt leaves for a trip to Panama to inspect the construction progress of the Panama Canal. December 4 – Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity, the first inter-collegiate Greek-letter organization established for African Americans, is founded at Cornell University, december 8 – The Petrified Forest, Arizona is designated a National Monument. December 10 – U. S. President Theodore Roosevelt is awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his role in negotiating peace in the Russo-Japanese War, the muffuletta sandwich is invented in New Orleans, Louisiana. Progressive Era Lochner era Black Patch Tobacco Wars January 25 John S. Harris, November 4 – John H. Ketcham, politician November 23 – Willard Warner, United States Senator from Alabama from 1868 till 1871. December 12 – Arthur Brown, United States Senator from Utah from 1896 till 1897, december 30 – Thomas M. Bowen, United States Senator from Colorado from 1883 till 1889. December 31 – Donelson Caffery, United States Senator from Louisiana from 1892 till 1901, list of American films of 1906 Media related to 1906 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
4.
1907 in the United States
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Events from the year 1907 in the United States. January 23 – Charles Curtis from Kansas becomes the first Native American U. S. Senator, february 12 – The steamship Larchmont collides with the Harry Hamilton in Long Island Sound,183 lives are lost. February 26 – President Theodore Roosevelt appoints Col. George Washington Goethals as chief engineer of the Panama Canal, march 9 – Reclamation Service within the Department of the Interior. April – The April 1907 issue of Good Housekeeping Magazine displays the cover price One Dollar a Year, April 7 – Hersheypark opens in Hershey, Pennsylvania. April 15 – Triangle, is founded at Pennsylvania State University, April 17 – April 17 goes down as the busiest day of immigration in the history Ellis Island. 1907 is the busiest year ever seen at Ellis Island, with 1.1 million immigrants arriving there, April 18 – The USS Kansas, a Connecticut-class battleship, is commissioned. July 21 – The SS Columbia sinks after colliding with the lumber schooner San Pedro off Shelter Cove, California, august 1 – Aeronautical Division established within the U. S. Army Signal Corps. August 15 – Ordination in Constantinople of Fr, raphael Morgan, first African-American Orthodox priest, Priest-Apostolic to America and the West Indies. August 17 – Pike Place Market in Seattle, Washington officially opens for business, august 28 – UPS is founded by James E. September 7 – The new passenger liner RMS Lusitania makes its maiden voyage from Liverpool, september 29 – A foundation stone is laid for the Washington National Cathedral, construction would not be fully completed until 1990. October 1 – Office of the Superintendent of Prisons and Prisoners established within Department of Justice, october 22 – Panic of 1907, A bank run forces New Yorks Knickerbocker Trust Company to suspend operations. October 24 – A major American financial crisis is averted when J. P. Morgan, E. H. November 3 – President Roosevelt approves the takeover of the Tennessee Coal, Iron, november 7 – Delta Sigma Pi is founded at the School of Commerce, Accounts and Finance of New York University in New York City. November 16 Indian Territory and Oklahoma Territory become Oklahoma, which is admitted as the 46th U. S. state, passenger liner RMS Mauretania, the worlds largest and fastest at this date, sets out on her maiden voyage from Liverpool to New York. November 28 – Johnny Hayes wins the inaugural Yonkers Marathon, December 6 – Monongah Mining Disaster, A coal mine explosion kills 362 workers in Monongah, West Virginia. December 16 – The Great White Fleet departs Hampton Roads, Virginia on a 14-month circumnavigation of the globe, December 19 – An explosion in a coal mine in Jacobs Creek, Pennsylvania kills 239. December 31 – The first electric ball drops in Times Square, the Lockport Powerhouse is built in Illinois. Progressive Era Lochner era Black Patch Tobacco Wars Great White Fleet voyage January 2 – Gordon L. Allott, January 19 – Paul Fannin, United States Senator from Arizona from 1959 till 1965
5.
1909 in the United States
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Events from the year 1909 in the United States. January 28 – United States troops leave Cuba after being there since the Spanish–American War, January 1 to 31 – Torrential rains in California see Helena Mine record 71.54 inches of precipitation for the month, the highest official monthly total in the contiguous US. February 12 – The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People is founded, february 22 – The Great White Fleet returns to Hampton Roads, Virginia having circumnavigated the globe. February 24 – The Hudson Motor Car Company is founded, march 4 – William Howard Taft succeeds Theodore Roosevelt as the 27th President of the United States. March 23 – Theodore Roosevelt leaves New York for the Smithsonian-Roosevelt African Expedition, the trip is sponsored by the Smithsonian Institution and National Geographic Society. June 1 – The Alaska-Yukon-Pacific Exposition opens in Seattle, june 9 – Alice Huyler Ramsey, a 22-year-old housewife and mother from Hackensack, New Jersey, becomes the first woman to drive across the United States. In 59 days, she drove a Maxwell automobile 3,800 miles from Manhattan, New York to San Francisco, june 22 – Construction begins on the Cape Cod Canal, which would separate Cape Cod from mainland Massachusetts. August 2 – The United States Army Signal Corp Division purchases the worlds first military airplane and they buy the Wright Military Flyer from the Wright Brothers. August 8 – The Rosicrucian Fellowship is launched at Seattle, Washington, august 12 – The first event is held at Indianapolis Motor Speedway. November 2 – The Lambda Chi Alpha Fraternity is founded at Boston University, november 6 – The Union Soldiers and Sailors Monument is dedicated in Baltimore. November 11 – The U. S. Navy founds a navy base in Pearl Harbor, november 13 – Ballinger–Pinchot scandal begins, Colliers Magazine accuses U. S. Secretary of the Interior Richard Ballinger of questionable dealings in Alaskan coal fields. November 18 – Two United States warships are sent to Nicaragua after 500 revolutionaries are executed by order of dictator José Santos Zelaya, December 31 – The Manhattan Bridge opens. The centennial anniversary of Miami University is celebrated, the American Issue Publishing House of the Anti-Saloon League is incorporated. Progressive Era Lochner era Great White Fleet voyage January 1 – Dana Andrews, film actor January 2 – Barry Goldwater, U. S. Senator from California from 1863 to 1869 Charles Vernon Culver, politician April 9 – Francis Marion Crawford, novelist April 21 – David Turpie, senator from Kentucky from 1893 to 1901 December 10 – Red Cloud, Oglala Lakota Chief December 20 – William Harris, U. S
6.
1910 in the United States
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Events from the year 1910 in the United States. President, William Howard Taft Vice President, James S. February 8 – The Boy Scouts of America youth organization is incorporated by William D. Boyce, February 16–18 – The state of Ohio is crippled by a snowstorm. March 14 – The Lakeview Gusher is vented into the atmosphere, march 19 – In the United States, Republicans reduce the powers of the Speaker of the House of Representatives to influence committee membership. March 30 – The Mississippi Legislature founds The University of Southern Mississippi, april 6 – Wildwood Crest, New Jersey is incorporated as a borough of Cape May County, New Jersey. May 11 – The U. S. Congress establishes Glacier National Park in Montana, may 16 – The U. S. Congress authorizes the creation of the United States Bureau of Mines. June 19 – The first unofficial Fathers Day is observed, july 4 – African-American boxer Jack Johnson defeats white boxer James J. Jeffries in a heavyweight boxing match, sparking race riots across the United States. July 22 – A wireless telegraph sent from the S. S. Montrose results in the identification and later arrest, july 24 – James MacGillivray publishes the first account of Paul Bunyan in the Detroit News. August 20 &21 – The Great Fire of 1910 wildfire burns about 3 million acres in northeast Washington, northern Idaho, october 11 – Theodore Roosevelt becomes the first former president to ride in an airplane. November – John Lomaxs pioneering collection Cowboy Songs and Other Frontier Ballads is published by Sturgis, november 4 – Antonio Rodríguez is burned at the stake near Rocksprings, Texas after being arrested two days earlier for the murder of Mrs. Lem Henderson at her ranch. His murder incites race riots in both Texas and Mexico, november 7 – The first air flight for the purpose of delivering commercial freight occurs between Dayton, Ohio and Columbus, Ohio by the Wright Brothers and department store owner Max Moorehouse. The trip is flown by Wright pilot Philip Parmalee, november 17 – Ralph Johnstone, a pilot for the Wright Exhibition Team, dies at Denver, Colorado after his machine breaks apart in mid air in full view of about 5,000 spectators. Johnstone becomes the first American pilot to die in the crash of an airplane in the United States and they later arrive at the Jekyll Island Club to discuss monetary policy and the banking system, an event which some say is the impetus for the creation of the Federal Reserve. December 12 – New York City socialite Dorothy Arnold disappears and her family does not notify the police until 6 weeks later, after their own investigations fail to produce any results. December 19 – Edward Douglass White is sworn in as the 9th Chief Justice of the United States, december 31 – Two of Americas premier pioneer aviators are killed on this day, John Moisant in New Orleans and Wright pilot Arch Hoxsey in Los Angeles. US census shows that 20. 9% of the population classed as Negro are of mixed race, progressive Era Lochner era List of American films of 1910 Media related to 1910 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
7.
Flag of the United States
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The flag of the United States, often referred to as the American flag, is the national flag of the United States. S. Nicknames for the flag include The Stars and Stripes, Old Glory, the current design of the U. S. flag is its 27th, the design of the flag has been modified officially 26 times since 1777. The 48-star flag was in effect for 47 years until the 49-star version became official on July 4,1959, the 50-star flag was ordered by the then president Eisenhower on August 21,1959, and was adopted in July 1960. It is the version of the U. S. flag and has been in use for over 56 years. At the time of the Declaration of Independence in July 1776, the flag contemporaneously known as the Continental Colors has historically been referred to as the first national flag. The name Grand Union was first applied to the Continental Colors by George Preble in his 1872 history of the American flag, the flag closely resembles the British East India Company flag of the era, and Sir Charles Fawcett argued in 1937 that the company flag inspired the design. Both flags could have been constructed by adding white stripes to a British Red Ensign. However, an East India Company flag could have nine to 13 stripes. In any case, both the stripes and the stars have precedents in classical heraldry, Flag Day is now observed on June 14 of each year. While scholars still argue about this, tradition holds that the new flag was first hoisted in June 1777 by the Continental Army at the Middlebrook encampment. The first official U. S. flag flown during battle was on August 3,1777, Massachusetts reinforcements brought news of the adoption by Congress of the official flag to Fort Schuyler. A voucher is extant that Capt. Swartwout of Dutchess County was paid by Congress for his coat for the flag, the 1777 resolution was most probably meant to define a naval ensign. In the late 18th century, the notion of a flag did not yet exist. The flag resolution appears between other resolutions from the Marine Committee, on May 10,1779, Secretary of the Board of War Richard Peters expressed concern it is not yet settled what is the Standard of the United States. However, the term, Standard, referred to a standard for the Army of the United States. Each regiment was to carry the standard in addition to its regimental standard. The national standard was not a reference to the national or naval flag, the appearance was up to the maker of the flag. Some flag makers arranged the stars into one big star, in a circle or in rows, one arrangement features 13 five-pointed stars arranged in a circle, with the stars arranged pointing outwards from the circle, the so-called Betsy Ross flag
8.
Timeline of United States history
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This is a timeline of United States history, comprising important legal and territorial changes and political and economic events in the United States and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of the United States, some dates before September 14,1752, when the British government adopted the Gregorian calendar, may be given in the Old Style
9.
Federal government of the United States
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The Federal Government of the United States is the national government of the United States, a republic in North America, composed of 50 states, one district, Washington, D. C. and several territories. The federal government is composed of three branches, legislative, executive, and judicial, whose powers are vested by the U. S. Constitution in the Congress, the President, and the courts, including the Supreme Court. The powers and duties of these branches are defined by acts of Congress. The full name of the republic is United States of America, no other name appears in the Constitution, and this is the name that appears on money, in treaties, and in legal cases to which it is a party. The terms Government of the United States of America or United States Government are often used in documents to represent the federal government as distinct from the states collectively. In casual conversation or writing, the term Federal Government is often used, the terms Federal and National in government agency or program names generally indicate affiliation with the federal government. Because the seat of government is in Washington, D. C, Washington is commonly used as a metonym for the federal government. The outline of the government of the United States is laid out in the Constitution, the government was formed in 1789, making the United States one of the worlds first, if not the first, modern national constitutional republics. The United States government is based on the principles of federalism and republicanism, some make the case for expansive federal powers while others argue for a more limited role for the central government in relation to individuals, the states or other recognized entities. For example, while the legislative has the power to create law, the President nominates judges to the nations highest judiciary authority, but those nominees must be approved by Congress. The Supreme Court, in its turn, has the power to invalidate as unconstitutional any law passed by the Congress and these and other examples are examined in more detail in the text below. The United States Congress is the branch of the federal government. It is bicameral, comprising the House of Representatives and the Senate, the House currently consists of 435 voting members, each of whom represents a congressional district. The number of each state has in the House is based on each states population as determined in the most recent United States Census. All 435 representatives serve a two-year term, each state receives a minimum of one representative in the House. There is no limit on the number of terms a representative may serve, in addition to the 435 voting members, there are six non-voting members, consisting of five delegates and one resident commissioner. In contrast, the Senate is made up of two senators from each state, regardless of population, there are currently 100 senators, who each serve six-year terms
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Media related to 1908 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons
