1.
1908 in Australia
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See also,1907 in Australia, other events of 1908,1909 in Australia, Timeline of Australian history. 30 March – Commonwealth Quarantine service came into operation and took over quarantine stations in every state,20 April –44 are killed and 400 injured in the Sunshine train disaster. 7 May – The Coat of Arms of Australia are granted Royal Assent,8 October – The capital of Australia is chosen, settling a feud between rivals Melbourne and Sydney. 13 November – The Australian Labor Party withdraws its support for the minority government of Prime Minister Alfred Deakin,18 November – The Victorian government passes the Adult Suffrage Bill 1908, granting female suffrage for the first time. 15 December – The Invalid and Old Age Pensions Act is passed, the government of Sir Thomas Bent is returned to power. 1 January – The Commonwealth Bureau of Meteorology formally commences operation,3 February – first trans-Tasman radio transmission 16 May – The Commonwealth Literary Fund is established. The funeral was held at the Kew Cemetery in Melbourne,31 January – Victoria wins the 1907–08 Sheffield Shield. 11 February – Australia regains The Ashes with a 308 run victory over England,20 April – The first New South Wales Rugby League premiership begins in Sydney. At the 1908 Summer Olympics held in London, Australia forms a team with New Zealand, australias national rugby league team sets sail for England on the 1908–09 Kangaroo tour of Great Britain
2.
Australia
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Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands. It is the worlds sixth-largest country by total area, the neighbouring countries are Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and East Timor to the north, the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to the north-east, and New Zealand to the south-east. Australias capital is Canberra, and its largest urban area is Sydney, for about 50,000 years before the first British settlement in the late 18th century, Australia was inhabited by indigenous Australians, who spoke languages classifiable into roughly 250 groups. The population grew steadily in subsequent decades, and by the 1850s most of the continent had been explored, on 1 January 1901, the six colonies federated, forming the Commonwealth of Australia. Australia has since maintained a liberal democratic political system that functions as a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy comprising six states. The population of 24 million is highly urbanised and heavily concentrated on the eastern seaboard, Australia has the worlds 13th-largest economy and ninth-highest per capita income. With the second-highest human development index globally, the country highly in quality of life, health, education, economic freedom. The name Australia is derived from the Latin Terra Australis a name used for putative lands in the southern hemisphere since ancient times, the Dutch adjectival form Australische was used in a Dutch book in Batavia in 1638, to refer to the newly discovered lands to the south. On 12 December 1817, Macquarie recommended to the Colonial Office that it be formally adopted, in 1824, the Admiralty agreed that the continent should be known officially as Australia. The first official published use of the term Australia came with the 1830 publication of The Australia Directory and these first inhabitants may have been ancestors of modern Indigenous Australians. The Torres Strait Islanders, ethnically Melanesian, were originally horticulturists, the northern coasts and waters of Australia were visited sporadically by fishermen from Maritime Southeast Asia. The first recorded European sighting of the Australian mainland, and the first recorded European landfall on the Australian continent, are attributed to the Dutch. The first ship and crew to chart the Australian coast and meet with Aboriginal people was the Duyfken captained by Dutch navigator, Willem Janszoon. He sighted the coast of Cape York Peninsula in early 1606, the Dutch charted the whole of the western and northern coastlines and named the island continent New Holland during the 17th century, but made no attempt at settlement. William Dampier, an English explorer and privateer, landed on the north-west coast of New Holland in 1688, in 1770, James Cook sailed along and mapped the east coast, which he named New South Wales and claimed for Great Britain. The first settlement led to the foundation of Sydney, and the exploration, a British settlement was established in Van Diemens Land, now known as Tasmania, in 1803, and it became a separate colony in 1825. The United Kingdom formally claimed the part of Western Australia in 1828. Separate colonies were carved from parts of New South Wales, South Australia in 1836, Victoria in 1851, the Northern Territory was founded in 1911 when it was excised from South Australia
3.
1910
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As of the start of 1910, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923. January 10–January 20 – The first aviation meeting to be held in the United States, february 8 – William D. Boyce founds the Boy Scouts of America. February 10 – Old Trafford opens to the public, february 20 – Boutros Ghali, the first native-born prime minister of Egypt, is assassinated. March – An uprising against Ottoman rule breaks out in Albania, march 8 – In France Raymonde de Laroche is awarded pilots license #36 by the Federation Aeronautique Internationale, becoming the first woman authorized to fly an airplane. March 10 – Slavery in China, which has existed since the Shang dynasty, is now made illegal, march 18 – The first filmed version of Mary Shelleys Frankenstein comes out. Considered to be the first horror movie, it stars actor Charles Ogle as the monster, march 27 – A fire during a barn-dance in Ököritófülpös, Hungary kills 312. April 20 – Comet Halley is visible from Earth and its next visit was in 1986. May 6 – George V becomes King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland upon the death of his father, may 12 – Second NAACP meeting is held in New York, New York. May 18 – The Earth passes through the tail of Halleys Comet, may 31 – The Union of South Africa is created. June 6 – The Holland Dakota Landbouw Compagnie is established,6 June 1910, page 7, Middelburgsche Courant, Krantenbank, Zeeland June 15 – The British Ship Terra Nova leaves London on its way toward an Antarctic expedition. June 22 – The DELAG Zeppelin dirigible, Deutschland, makes the first commercial flight from Friedrichshafen to Düsseldorf in Germany. July 4 – African-American boxer Jack Johnson defeats white American boxer James J. Jeffries in a boxing match. July 22 – A wireless telegraph sent from the SS Montrose results in the identification, arrest, July 24 – Ottoman forces capture the city of Shkodër to put down the Albanian Revolt of 1910. August – Pan-American Union August 14 – A fire at the Brussels International 1910 destroys exhibitions of Britain, August 22 – The Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty is signed. It becomes null and void in 1965, August 28 – Montenegro is proclaimed an independent kingdom under Nicholas I. August 29 – Emperor Sunjong of Korea abdicates and the monarchy is abolished. September 1 – The Vatican introduces a compulsory oath against modernism, september 1 – In Brazil, Sport Club Corinthians Paulista, the first Fifa World Club Championship, is founded. October – First publication of infrared photographs, by Professor Robert Williams Wood in the Royal Photographic Societys journal, October 5 –5 October 1910 revolution in Portugal leading to the flight of King Manuel II of Portugal to England and proclamation of the First Portuguese Republic
4.
Australian federal election, 1910
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Federal elections were held in Australia on 13 April 1910. All 75 seats in the House of Representatives, and 18 of the 36 seats in the Senate were up for election, the incumbent Commonwealth Liberal Party led by Prime Minister of Australia Alfred Deakin was defeated by the opposition Australian Labour Party led by Andrew Fisher. It also remains the election in Australias federal history to have occurred following expiration of a full three-year parliamentary term by the effluxion of time. Two referenda to approve proposed amendments to the Constitution were held on the same day, the State Debts referendum was carried, but the Surplus Revenue referendum was not carried. The 113 acts passed in the second Fisher government exceeded even the output of the second Alfred Deakin government over a similar period, at the time, it represented the culmination of Labours involvement in politics. It was a period of reform unmatched in the Commonwealth until the 1940s under John Curtin, independents, William Lyne, George Wise Members in italics did not contest their seat at this election
