1.
College Football All-America Team
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The College Football All-America Team is an honor given annually to the best American college football players at their respective positions. Camp took over the responsibility for picking the All-America team and was recognized as the selector in the early years of the 20th century. com. As of 2009, the National Collegiate Athletic Association recognizes the All-America teams selected by the AP, AFCA, FWAA, Sporting News, if three of these organizations select a player to their first team, he automatically receives the consensus honor. If a player is named an All-American by all five organizations, depending upon the distribution of first team honors at any given position, it is possible to be consensus with fewer than three first-team selections. The University of Notre Dame has produced the most unanimous All Americans of any program, there have been 2,868 players from 156 colleges and universities since 1889 who were selected to at least one All-American first team. It has selected an All-America team since 1925, the American Football Coaches Association has selected an All-America team every year since 1945. It is often referred to as the Coaches All-America Team, the Coaches’ All-America Team has been sponsored by various entities throughout the years but it is now under its own banner, the AFCA. These are the sponsors/publishers of the team throughout the years and it is sometimes referred to as the Writers All-America Team. The FWAA has selected an All-America team with the help of its members, the All-America team is selected by a committee of writers representing all conferences and regions of the NCAA. The Writers Team has been highlighted in various media forums, from 1946-70, Look published the FWAA team and brought players and selected writers to New York City for a celebration. During that 25-year period, the FWAA team was introduced on television shows by Bob Hope, Steve Allen, Perry Como. After Look folded, the FWAA started an association with NCAA Films. The team was part of ABC Televisions 1981 College Football Series, from 1983-90, the team was either on ABC or ESPN, and since 1991 has returned to the national spotlight on ABC. The corporate sponsor for the Writers team is AT&T, after years of Cingular being the sponsor. Walter Camp, The Father of American Football, first selected an All-America team in 1889, the WCF claims an 80% participation rate in the voting for its All-America team. Sporting News, formerly known as The Sporting News and known colloquially as TSN, have teams college football editors and staff select teams, from that year through the 1962 season TSNs All-America team was picked by a poll of sportswriters. Beginning in 1964 the team was selected by professional scouts and observers, the Sporting News cited the advent of two-platoon football as the need to go to that system. United Press International is a organization that selected players in a national poll of sportswriters
2.
1912 college football season
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On September 26, Cornell defeated Washington & Jefferson 3-0. Princeton beat Stevens 65-0 and three days later, beat Rutgers 41-6, dartmouths won 26-0 over Bates College. After opening with a 33-0 Wednesday win over Albright, Lehigh beat Delaware 45-0, Swarthmore won at Johns Hopkins 40-6. Carlisle beat Dickinson 35-0, and followed on Wednesday with a 65-0 win over Villanova at Harrisburg, Vanderbilt opened with a 105-0 win over visiting Bethel College. October 5 Harvard beat Holy Cross 19-0, Yale beat Syracuse, 21-0, Princeton defeated Lehigh 35-0, Carlisle and Washington & Jefferson played a scoreless tie. Penn State beat Carnegie Tech 41-0, wisconsin opened with a 13-0 win over Lawrence College, Michigan beat Case 34-0, and Chicago beat Indiana 13-0. Vanderbilt scored in triple digits again, but was scored upon, Georgia beat Chattanooga 33-0 and Auburn beat Mercer 56-0 in a game at Columbus, Georgia. October 12 Harvard defeated Williams 26-3, Yale beat Lafayette 16-0, Princeton beat Virginia Tech 31-0, Penn State beat Washington & Jefferson 30-0, Carlisle won at Syracuse 33-0, Lehigh won at Navy, 14-0 and Swarthmore won at Penn 6-3. Georgetown beat Washington & Lee, 20-0 Vanderbilt beat visiting Rose-Hulman Institute 54-0, wisconsin beat Northwestern 56-0 and Michigan defeated Michigan State 55-7. October 19 Yale won at Army, 16-0, Dartmouth won at Williams 21-0, Harvard beat Amherst 46-0, Penn State won at Cornell 29-6, Carlisle won at Pittsburgh 45-8, and Swarthmore won at Annapolis, defeating Navy 21-6, to stay unbeaten. Georgetown won at North Carolina State, 48-0, Vanderbilt and Georgia met in Atlanta. Vandy handed the Bulldogs their only loss in a 46-0 drubbing, Sewanee beat Chattanooga 27-0, and Auburn defeated Clemson 27-6. After warmup wins over Daniel Baker College and Trinity College, Texas A&M beat Arkansas 27-0 in a game at Dallas, in another game at Dallas, Texas lost to Oklahoma, 21-6. Wisconsin beat Purdue 41-0, Michigan won at Ohio State 14-0, october 26 Princeton hosted Dartmouth and won 22-7. Harvard defeated Brown 30-10 and Yale beat Washington & Jefferson, 13-3, Penn State beat visiting Gettysburg College 25-0 and Swarthmore beat Villanova 27-0. In an intersectional game, Michigan lost at Syracuse 18-7, Vanderbilt beat Ole Miss 24-0 in Nashville, and Sewanee beat Tennessee 33-6 at Chattanooga. In Birmingham, Auburn defeated Mississippi State, 7-0, Carlisle won at Georgetown, 34-20, followed two days later by a game in Toronto in a 49-7 win against the Toronto All-Stars. At Philadelphia, Penn State beat Pennsylvania, 22-6, in Columbus, Georgia, Georgia beat Alabama 13-9
3.
1910 College Football All-America Team
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The 1910 College Football All-America team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans for the 1910 college football season. The only selector for the 1910 season who has recognized as official by the National Collegiate Athletic Association is Walter Camp. Many other sports writers, newspapers, coaches and others also selected All-America teams in 1910, the magazine Leslies Weekly attempted to develop a consensus All-American by polling 16 football experts and aggregating their votes. Others who selected All-Americans in 1911 include The New York Times, The New York Sun, the 1910 Harvard Crimson football team compiled a record of 9–0–1 and outscored opponents 161 to 5. Harvard allowed only one team to score a point and played Yale to a 0–0 tie, a total of eight Harvard players were named first-team All-Americans by at least one selector. They are Hamilton Corbett, Robert Fisher, Richard Plimpton Lewis, Robert Gordon McKay, Wayland Minot, Lawrence Dunlap Smith, Percy Wendell, only three players from schools outside of the Ivy League were selected as consensus first-team All-Americans. They are Albert Benbrook and Stanfield Wells from Michigan and James Walker of Minnesota, the only individual who has been recognized as an official selector by the National Collegiate Athletic Association for the 1910 season is Walter Camp. Accordingly, the NCAAs official listing of Consensus All-America Selections mirrors Camps first-team picks, eight of Camps first-team All-Americans in 1910 played on teams from the Ivy League. The only players recognized by Camp from outside the Ivy League were Albert Benbrook and Stanfield Wells from Michigan, Camps first-team selections for 1910 were, Albert Benbrook, guard from Michigan. Benbrook was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1971 and he weighed over 200 pounds, was considered huge for his time, and was known as a dominating force due to his exceptional quickness. Cozens was one of the first of the roving centers, in the 1910 game between Penn and the Haskell Indian School, Cozens intercepted a pass and returned it 80 yards for a touchdown. He was also the catcher for the Penn baseball team, after graduating from Penn, Cozens was a football coach at Carnegie Tech. Fisher later coached Harvard from 1919 to 1925 and was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1973, kilpatrick played at the end position for Yale. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1955 and he later ran Madison Square Garden for more than 25 years and oversaw the operations of the New York Rangers from 1934 to 1960. He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1960, McKay later served as the commander of the 305th Infantry Machine Gun Division, known as Death, during World War I. Leroy Mercer, fullback for Penn, inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1955, talbot was also a sprinter for Princetons track team. Sprackling was inducted into the College Football of Fame in 1964, Walker later became an orthopedic surgeon. Though known principally as an end, Wells was Michigans first forward passer of note and he threw two passes to help Michigan win the Western Conference championship against Minnesota in 1910
4.
1911 College Football All-America Team
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The 1911 College Football All-America team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans for the 1911 college football season. The only selector for the 1911 season who has recognized as official by the National Collegiate Athletic Association is Walter Camp. Many other sports writers, newspapers, coaches and others also selected All-America teams in 1911, the only individual who has been recognized as an official selector by the National Collegiate Athletic Association for the 1911 season is Walter Camp. Accordingly, the NCAAs official listing of Consensus All-America Selections mirrors Camps first-team picks, nine of Camps first-team All-Americans in 1911 played on teams from the Ivy League. The only players recognized by Camp from outside the Ivy League were Jim Thorpe from the Carlisle School, Leland Devore of Army, sanford White, Princeton Douglas Bomeisler, Yale Stanfield Wells, Michigan Lawrence Dunlap Bud Smith, Harvard Dexter Very, Penn. Sibert, Army P. V. H. Weems, Navy Willis Fat OBrien, Iowa James A. Camp, Jr. Yale Dave Morey, Dartmouth Talbot Pendleton, Princeton Robert Hogsett, Dartmouth James B
5.
1913 College Football All-America Team
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The 1913 College Football All-America team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans for the 1913 college football season. The only two selectors who have recognized as official selectors by the National Collegiate Athletic Association for the 1913 season are Walter Camp. Camps All-America Team was published in Colliers Weekly, the INS was founded in 1909 by William Randolph Hearst, and its sports editor Frank G. Menke selected the INS All-America team. Other sports writers, newspapers, coaches selecting All-America teams in 1913 included Harpers Weekly, Fielding H. Yost, in its official record book, the NCAA designates players who were selected by either Camp or INS as consensus All-Americans. Using this criteria, the NCAA recognizes 15 as consensus All-Americans for the 1913 season, the consensus players are identified in bold on the main list below. Camp and INS unanimously selected the seven players as All-Americans, Charles Brickley. Brickley later became a player and coach in the years of professional football. He was the coach of the New York Brickley Giants in the first year of play in the National Football League, in 1928, he was convicted on four counts of larceny and bucketing orders from customers of his stock brokerage firm. John Babe Brown, guard for Navy, Brown was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1951 as part of the first group of inductees. During World War II, Admiral John Brown oversaw submarine operations in the South Pacific and he later served as athletic director and Superintendent of the United States Naval Academy. Craig was also one of the best hurdlers in the country, breaking the world record in the high hurdles in 1911. His older brother, Ralph Craig, won medals in the 100. Paul Des Jardien, center for Chicago, at six feet, five inches in height, but weighing only 190 pounds, Des Jardien was nicknamed Shorty. He led the 1913 Chicago Maroons football team to an undefeated 7–0 record and was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1955, Des Jardien was a multi-sport star who also briefly played professional baseball as a pitcher for the Cleveland Indians in 1916. Hogsett was the captain of the 1913 Dartmouth Big Green football team compiled a 7–1–0 record and outscored opponents 218 to 79, including victories over Princeton. Mahan was selected as a first-team All-American three consecutive years from 1913 to 1915 and he was widely regarded as one of the greatest players in the first 50 years of the sport and was named by Jim Thorpe as the greatest football player of all time. In 1951, Mahan was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame as part of the first group of inductees, louis A. Merrilat, end for Army. Merrilat was a first-team All-American in both 1913 and 1914 and he was severely wounded by airplane machine gun fire during World War I, but went on to play in the NFL as a 33-year-old rookie in 1925
6.
1914 College Football All-America Team
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The 1914 College Football All-America team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans for the 1914 college football season. Although not recognized by the NCAA, many sports writers, newspapers. Harvard end Huntington Hardwick was the player who was unanimously selected as a first-team All-American by all 27 selectors identified below. The Los Angeles Times reported that Maulbetsch, Michigans hero, is about the one of 1914s stars who received an almost unanimous vote. The chart below reflects the number of polls in which the candidates were selected as a first-team All-Americans. Red OHare, Army Harold White, Syracuse Earl W. Mills, Navy Laurence B
7.
Walter Camp
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Walter Chauncey Camp was an American football player, coach, and sports writer known as the Father of American Football. Among a long list of inventions, he created the line of scrimmage. With John Heisman, Amos Alonzo Stagg, Pop Warner, Fielding H. Yost and he attended Yale College, where he played and coached college football. Camps Yale teams of 1888,1891, and 1892 have been recognized as national champions, Camp was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 1951. Camp wrote articles and books on the gridiron and sports in general, by the time of his death, he had written nearly 30 books and more than 250 magazine articles. Camp was born in the city of New Britain, Connecticut, Walter Camp was of English descent. He attended Hopkins Grammar School in New Haven, entered Yale College in 1875, at Yale he was a member of Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity, the Linonian Society, and Skull and Bones. He attended Yale Medical School from 1880 to 1883, where his studies were interrupted first by an outbreak of typhoid fever, in 1873, he attended a meeting where representatives from Columbia, Rutgers, Princeton, and Yale universities created the intercollegiate football association. They created the rule that each team is only allowed 15 plays per drive and he played as a halfback at Yale from 1876 to 1882. Harvard player Nathaniel Curtis took one look at Camp, then only 156 pounds and he worked for the New Haven Clock Company beginning in 1883, working his way up to chairman of the board of directors. On June 30,1888, Camp married Alice Graham Sumner, sister of sociologist William Graham Sumner and they had two children, Walter Camp, Jr. who attended Yale as well and was elected as a member of Scroll and Key in 1912, and Janet Camp Troxell. Camp served as the football coach at Yale from 1888 to 1892 before moving to Stanford University. On Christmas 1894, he and Amos Alonzo Staggs Chicago Maroons organized an early intersectional contest, Camp was on the various collegiate football rules committees that developed the American game from his time as a player at Yale until his death. English Rugby rules at the time required a player, when the ball was fairly held. College Football 1880 rules convention that the contested scrimmage be replaced with a line of scrimmage where the team with the ball started with uncontested possession and this change effectively created the evolution of the modern game of American football from its rugby football origins. This is significant as rugby union has no point value award for this action, the NCAA emerged from the national talks, but worked to Yales disadvantage relative to rival Harvard, according to Branch. By the time of his death, he had written nearly 30 books and his stories also appeared in major daily newspapers throughout the United States. He also selected an annual All-American team, by the age of 33, twelve years after graduating from Yale, Walter Camp had already become known as the Father of Football
8.
College football
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It was through college football play that American football rules first gained popularity in the United States. No minor league farm organizations exist in American football and it is in college football where a players performance directly impacts his chances of playing professional football. The best collegiate players will declare for the professional draft after 3 to 4 years of collegiate competition. Those not selected can still attempt to land an NFL roster spot as a free agent. Even after the emergence of the professional National Football League, college football remained extremely popular throughout the U. S, in many cases, college stadiums employ bench-style seating, as opposed to individual seats with backs and arm rests. This allows them to more fans in a given amount of space than the typical professional stadium. College athletes, unlike players in the NFL, are not permitted by the NCAA to be paid salaries, colleges are only allowed to provide non-monetary compensation such as athletic scholarships that provide for tuition, housing, and books. Modern North American football has its origins in various games, all known as football, by the 1840s, students at Rugby School were playing a game in which players were able to pick up the ball and run with it, a sport later known as Rugby football. The game was taken to Canada by British soldiers stationed there and was soon being played at Canadian colleges, the first documented gridiron football match was a game played at University College, a college of the University of Toronto, November 9,1861. One of the participants in the game involving University of Toronto students was William Mulock, a football club was formed at the university soon afterward, although its rules of play at this stage are unclear. In 1864, at Trinity College, also a college of the University of Toronto, F. Barlow Cumberland, modern Canadian football is widely regarded as having originated with a game played in Montreal, in 1865, when British Army officers played local civilians. The game gradually gained a following, and the Montreal Football Club was formed in 1868, early games appear to have had much in common with the traditional mob football played in England. The games remained largely unorganized until the 19th century, when games of football began to be played on college campuses. Each school played its own variety of football, Princeton University students played a game called ballown as early as 1820. A Harvard tradition known as Bloody Monday began in 1827, which consisted of a mass ballgame between the freshman and sophomore classes, in 1860, both the town police and the college authorities agreed the Bloody Monday had to go. The Harvard students responded by going into mourning for a figure called Football Fightum. The authorities held firm and it was a dozen years before football was again played at Harvard. Dartmouth played its own version called Old division football, the rules of which were first published in 1871, all of these games, and others, shared certain commonalities
9.
National Collegiate Athletic Association
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The National Collegiate Athletic Association is a non-profit association which regulates athletes of 1,281 institutions, conferences, organizations, and individuals. It also organizes the programs of many colleges and universities in the United States and Canada. The organization is headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana, in 2014, the NCAA generated almost a billion dollars in revenue. 80 to 90% of this revenue was due to the Division I Mens Basketball Tournament and this revenue is then distributed back into various organizations and institutions across the United States. In August 1973, the current three-division setup of Division I, Division II, under NCAA rules, Division I and Division II schools can offer scholarships to athletes for playing a sport. Division III schools may not offer any athletic scholarships, generally, larger schools compete in Division I and smaller schools in II and III. Division I football was divided into I-A and I-AA in 1978. Subsequently, the term Division I-AAA was briefly added to delineate Division I schools which do not field a football program at all, in 2006, Divisions I-A and I-AA were respectively renamed the Football Bowl Subdivision and Football Championship Subdivision. Inter-collegiate sports began in the US in 1852 when crews from Harvard University, as other sports emerged, notably football and basketball, many of these same concepts and standards were adopted. Football, in particular, began to emerge as a marquee sport, the IAAUS was officially established on March 31,1906, and took its present name, the NCAA, in 1910. For several years, the NCAA was a group and rules-making body, but in 1921, the first NCAA national championship was conducted. Gradually, more rules committees were formed and more championships were created, a series of crises brought the NCAA to a crossroads after World War II. The Sanity Code – adopted to establish guidelines for recruiting and financial aid – failed to curb abuses, postseason football games were multiplying with little control, and member schools were increasingly concerned about how the new medium of television would affect football attendance. The complexity of problems and the growth in membership and championships demonstrated the need for full-time professional leadership. Walter Byers, previously an executive assistant, was named executive director in 1951. Byers wasted no time placing his stamp on the Association, as college athletics grew, the scope of the nations athletics programs diverged, forcing the NCAA to create a structure that recognized varying levels of emphasis. In 1973, the Associations membership was divided into three legislative and competitive divisions – I, II, and III, five years later in 1978, Division I members voted to create subdivisions I-A and I-AA in football. Until the 1980s, the association did not offer womens athletics, instead, the Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women, with nearly 1000 member schools, governed womens collegiate sports in the United States
10.
Harvard Crimson football
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The Harvard Crimson football program represents Harvard University in college football at the NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision. Harvards football program is one of the oldest in the world, Harvard is the eighth winningest team in NCAA Division I football history. The Harvard Crimson was one of the dominant forces in the days of intercollegiate football. In both 1919 and 1920, headed by All-American brothers Arnold Horween and Ralph Horween, Harvard was undefeated, the team won the 1920 Rose Bowl against the University of Oregon, 7–6. It was the bowl appearance in Harvard history. In the forty-year period from 1889 to 1928, Harvard had more than 80 first-team All-American selections, under head coach Percy Haughton, Harvard had three consecutive undefeated seasons from 1912 to 1914, including two perfect seasons in 1912 and 1913. Harvard claims the national championships, The NCAA decided to split Division I into two subdivisions in 1978, then called I-A for larger schools, and I-AA for the smaller ones. In 1982, the NCAA created a rule that stated an average attendance must be at least 15,000 to qualify for I-A membership. This forced the hand, as only some of the member schools met the attendance qualification. The Crimson are behind Penn and Dartmouths 18 Ivy League Football Championships, Harvard and Yale have been competing against each other in football since 1875. The annual rivalry game between the two schools, known as The Game, is played in November at the end of the football season, as of 2015, Yale led the series 65-59-8. The Game is the second oldest continuing rivalry and also the third most-played rivalry game in football history, after the Lehigh–Lafayette Rivalry. Sports Illustrated On Campus rated the Harvard–Yale rivalry the sixth-best in college athletics in 2003, ted Kennedy played football for Harvard and caught a touchdown pass in the 1955 Harvard/Yale game. In 2006, Yale ended a losing streak against Harvard. That Harvard winning streak was third longest in the history of the series, after Yales 1902–1907 six-game winning streak, Harvard has since beaten Yale in 2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014 and 2015. The Game is significant for historical reasons as the rules of The Game soon were adopted by other schools. Footballs rules, conventions, and equipment, as well as elements of such as the mascot and fight song, include many elements pioneered or nurtured at Harvard. Harvard Stadium is a football stadium in the Allston neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts
11.
Charles Brickley
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Charles Edward Brickley was an American football player and coach. Brickley also coached the New York Brickley Giants of the American Professional Football Association—now the National Football League—in 1921, Brickley was born in Boston, Massachusetts and raised in Everett, Massachusetts. He stood 510 and weighed 181 pounds during his athletic career, Brickley attended Harvard College, where he played football from 1911 go 1914 for the Crimson as a fullback and placekicker under head coach Percy Haughton. He was named an All-American in 1913 and 1914, during the 1913 Harvard–Yale game, Brickley kicked all five of Harvards field goals in the Crimsons 15–5 win over Yale. He set college records for most field goals made by one player in a single season. Brickley also competed in the jump at 1912 Summer Olympics. At the same Olympics he competed in the event which was held as demonstration sport. In 1917, Brickley became a player-coach for the Massillon Tigers, brickleys first coaching job was during his senior year at Harvard, where he served as an assistant to the University of Virginia football team during the teams August practices. After graduating, Brickley was sought by many schools looking for head coaches, including New York University, after initially refusing to coach, Brickley eventually accepted the head coaching job at Johns Hopkins University. In 1916, he led Boston College to its first defeat over rival Holy Cross since 1889 and he left Boston College in 1918 to join the United States Navy Reserve. Brickley returned to coaching in 1921 as the coach of the Fordham Rams. Brickley coached the New York Brickley Giants of the National Football League in 1921, in 1922, Brickley was offered the position of head coach at Northwestern, but the two sides could not agree on terms and the school hired Glenn Thistlethwaite instead. Brickley did not coach football after the 1921 season and he worked as a stockbroker, shipbuilder, and advertising salesman until his death in 1949 in New York City. He settled in Bronxville, New York, where his two sons attended high school, in 1923, Brickley was indicted on charges of illegal stock negotiations. He was found not guilty of forgery and larceny by a jury on May 28,1925. On March 1,1928 Brickley was found guilty of four counts of larceny and bucketing orders from customers of Charles E. Brickley, Inc. stock brokerage firm and he was released on parole in December. In 1949, Brickley and his son, Charles, Jr. were arrested after starting a fight in a Manhattan restaurant, according to testimony, the fight began when Brickley overheard somebody say Is that old bald-headed so-and-so Charlie Brickley, the football player. Or You mean that old bald-headed man is the great Charlie Brickley, Brickley died the day the charges against him were to be dismissed
12.
Sam Felton
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Samuel M. Felton was an American football and baseball player. He was an All-American end for Harvard University in 1912, after graduating from Harvard, Felton declined a record offer to play Major League Baseball for Connie Macks Philadelphia Athletics. Felton attended Harvard University where he played American football at the end position in 1911 and 1912 and he also handled punting and kicking duties for Harvards football team. As a junior in 1911, Felton was one of the laaders of a team that opened the season 5–0 while outscoring opponents 72–6. However, Felton was seriously injured in the first period of the game of the season—a win over Brown University. Felton was kicked in the side, the New York Times reported that, because Felton was not wearing any protective pads over his hips, the kick broke several blood vessels and formed a clot. Following the injury to Felton, the previously-undefeated Harvard team went 1–2–1 in its four games. Felton returned to the Harvard football team as a senior and helped lead the 1912 team to a perfect 9–0 record, Felton was regarded as the best punter in the country during the 1912 season, with punts averaging from 60 to 70 yards. Four decades later, sports writer Grantland Rice included Felton on his list of the finest college kickers he had ever seen, Felton and Charley Brickley were credited with having won the intercollegiate championship for the Crimson in 1912. Felton was also a pitcher for the Harvard baseball team for three years from 1911–1913. In May 1913, Felton pitched a shutout against Amherst College. The New York Times reported on the game as follows, Harvard shut out Amherst,5 to 0, this afternoon because of the pitching of Sam Felton. Felton held the visitors to one single, this made in the first inning by Kimball. Kimballs hit was a scratch, being nearly smothered by Capt. Wingate, feltons pitching also helped lead Harvard to win the series against Yale in 1913, and the team presented Felton. Upon his graduation from Harvard in 1913, Connie Mack offered Felton a three-year contract to pitch for the Philadelphia Athletics for $15,000 per year, the offer was a record for a collegiate player and was turned down by Felton. Felton declined the offer to return to his home in Haverford, Pennsylvania and this much sought collegian, whom Mack thinks would have made one of the greatest pitchers In the history of the game, is Samuel Felton, football and baseball star at Harvard for three years. Felton, who lives at Haverford, Pa. comes of a wealthy family, in October 1914, the Harvard baseball team presented Felton with a silver loving cup for his contributions to Harvards success. On the day before his wedding in October 1913, The New York Times reported that Harvards undergraduates jammed the Union to give Felton a rousing send-off, in 1921, he was selected to serve on the Harvard baseball teams advisory staff
13.
Harvey Rexford Hitchcock Jr.
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Harvey Rexford Hitchcock, Jr. was on the 1913 College Football All-America Team. From an influential family in the Hawaiian Islands, he went insane during World War I. Hitchcock was born November 9,1891 on Molokaʻi island in the Kingdom of Hawaii and his father was Harvey Rexford Hitchcock, Sr. His paternal grandparents were Edward Griffin Hitchcock, son of Reverend Harvey Rexford Hitchcock and his mother was Hannah Julia Meyer who was daughter of Rudolph Wilhelm Meyer. His fathers first cousin was painter David Howard Hitchcock and he also had a great-uncle named Harvey Rexford Hitchcock, Jr. Hitchcock graduated from Punahou School in 1910 winning the Roll of Honor award. He then attended Harvard University, as did his father, while at Harvard he was the vice-president of the Student Union. He played as a tackle on the Harvard Crimson football team and was on the 1913 College Football All-America Team and he also played as pitcher on the baseball team. In September 1914, Hitchcock entered Harvard Law School and he volunteered to work for the Red Cross as an ambulance driver in World War I, but became ill waiting for a passport. He resigned from the law school and took a job with Firestone Tire and he served in the National Guard in Ohio and Texas. In 1917 he attended the final illness of his brother, by March 1917 he returned to Firestone, but resigned in April to apply for an officers commission, and was recalled into the National Guard. By August he became 2nd Lieutennant, and 1st Lieutennant October 23,1917, on January 16,1918 was sent to France for artillery school. He served as an instructor and in combat that summer, in September he was admitted to a field hospital, and sent back to Washington, DC. He was discharged in April 1919, and on January 1,1920 admitted to McLean Hospital for the insane, Hitchcock died January 22,1958. and was interred at Arlington National Cemetery Harvey Rexford Hitchcock, Jr. at Find a Grave
14.
Huntington Hardwick
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Huntington Reed Tack Hardwick was an American football player. He played at the halfback and end positions for Harvard University and was selected as a unanimous first-team All-American in 1914 and he was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame in 1954. A native of Quincy, Massachusetts, Hardwick was the son of Charles Theodore Hardwick and he enrolled at Harvard University in 1911 at age 18. While attending Harvard, Hardwick was a varsity athlete in three sports and he was captain of Harvards baseball team, a shot putter, and the strong man of Harvard for two consecutive years. He gained his greatest fame, however, playing for Percy Haughtons Harvard football teams from 1912 to 1914. During Hardwicks three years as a starter for Harvard, the team did not lose a single game compiling records of 9–0 in 1912, 9–0 in 1913. Hardwick was known as a fierce blocker, in naming Hardwick to Harvards all-time team, one reporter later wrote, Hardwick, known to his intimates as Tack, was perhaps the hardest blocker American football has ever known. A vicious, tireless interferer, Hardwick was never happy as long as a single enemy remained standing, as a junior in 1913, Hardwick was moved to the end position to allow Eddie Mahan to play at halfback. Despite having to learn a new position, Hardwick was selected by Walter Camp as a second-team All-American end in 1913, as a senior in 1914, Hardwick split his playing time between the end and halfback positions. Menke, the editor of the International News Service. During World War I, Hardwick served in the U. S. Army as a captain in the artillery, while stationed in France, he commanded a trench mortar unit. Hardwick went on to have a career in business in Boston. In 1926, Hardwick and a group of Boston investors was awarded a professional ice hockey franchise for Chicago from the National Hockey League, in 1929, he helped found the Boston Garden. The couple married in 1915, and their wedding, attended by 1,000 guests, was described as a brilliant social event, after a wedding breakfast, the couple left in an automobile for a honeymoon trip. The couple had one child, Margaret, born in 1917, in 1933, Hardwicks wife, Margaret Stone Hardwick, filed for divorce in Reno, Nevada, citing incompatibility as the ground for divorce. Hardwick told the press at the time that the breakup of the marriage was entirely his fault, in May 1947, his wife died and left an estate valued at $2.8 million to Hardwick and their daughter, Margaret Hardwick Simmons. In September 1948, Hardwick married Manuela De Zanone-Poma, formerly of Barcelona, Spain, in June 1949, Hardwick died of a heart attack while clamming at Churchs Beach on Cuttyhunk Island off the coast of Massachusetts. A friend reported that Hardwick suddenly toppled into the water as they walked along the shore, shortly after Hardwicks death, sports columnist Grantland Rice wrote a column about Hardwick in which he observed, Tack Hardwick has been a close friend of mine for 35 years
15.
Stan Pennock
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Stanley Bagg Bags Pennock was an American football player. He was selected as a first-team All-American at the position three consecutive years while leading Harvard University to three undefeated seasons from 1912 to 1914. He was killed in 1916 in an explosion at a plant in New Jersey. He was posthumously elected to the College Football Hall of Fame in 1954, a native of Syracuse, New York, Pennock was the son of John D. Pennock, the general manager of the Solvay Process Company. He attended the Hackley School at Tarrytown, New York, before enrolling at Harvard University, Pennock entered Harvard in 1911 and played on the schools freshman football and track teams. He gained fame as a member of Percy Haughtons undefeated football teams of 1912,1913, Pennock helped to provide Harvard with one of the most aggressive defenses in Eastern football. During Hardwicks three years as a starter for Harvard, Pennock developed a reputation as one of the best linemen that ever played under the old or the new rules. Harvards football team did not lose a game while Pennock played in its line, compiling records of 9–0 in 1912, 9–0 in 1913. Harvard was the football champion in each of Pennocks three seasons, out-scoring the competition, 588-61. In helping Harvard win three national championships, Pennock was also selected as a first-team All-American in all three years by Walter Camp. As a senior in 1914, Pennock was selected as a first-team All-American by 25 of 26 selectors, including Colliers Weekly, Vanity Fair, Walter Eckersall of the Chicago Tribune, and the New York Herald. While attending Harvard, Pennock was also a member of the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity, the Institute of 1779, after graduating from Harvard, Pennock became a chemist. In the fall of 1915, he attended courses at Harvards chemical laboratories. He entered into a partnership with two other Harvard graduates, James Bryant Conant and Chauncey Loomis, and formed the LPC Laboratories. The New York plant was destroyed by a fire, and the partners opened a new plant in an abandoned slaughterhouse in Newark. Two weeks after the Newark plant opened, Pennock was killed in an explosion wrecked the facility. Two other workers were killed in the explosion, which was believed to have been caused by gasoline stored at the plant, at his funeral, six of his Harvard teammates, including his former roommate Charles Brickley, carried his body to the grave at Oakwood Cemetery in Syracuse. His fellow lineman Walter Trumbull spoke at the funeral and reflected on Pennocks life and he lacked nothing in virtues and he was everything a man should be
16.
Robert Treat Paine Storer
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Robert Treat Paine Storer was an American football player for Harvard University. In 1912, he scored Harvards first touchdown against Yale since 1901 and was selected as a first-team All-American at the tackle position, in 1913, he was captain of Harvards last undefeated, untied football team until 2001. During World War I, Storer was cited for bravery for his actions in saving a French officer while on a reconnaissance mission, Storer was a native of Boston, Massachusetts, and the grandson of Dr. Horatio Robinson Storer, a Boston gynecologist. He was the son of John Humphreys Storer and Edith Paine, Storer attended preparatory school at Noble and Greenough School in Boston, where he played football at the center position. He was 5 feet,9 inches tall and weighed 180 pounds, Storer enrolled at Harvard University in 1910 and played at the center position on the freshman football team. As a sophomore in 1911, he played for Harvards varsity football team and he also played tackle for Harvards football team in 1912 and 1913. In 1912, Storer scored Harvards first touchdown in the Yale game and he was selected as a first-team All-American in 1912 by Robert Edgren, W. J. MacBeth, and Tommy Clark. In January 1913, his teammates selected him as the captain of the 1913 Harvard football team, the 1913 team was the last undefeated, untied Harvard team until the 2001 team matched the feat. Storer saved the perfect record in a game with Princeton in 1913. Playing on a field, Storer blocked a Princeton punt. Teammate Charley Brickley then drop-kicked the ball from the 19-yard line for the points scored in the game. During World War I, Storer served in the U. S. Army, attained the rank of major and he was cited for bravery for his actions on September 6,1918. Storer served as a member of the board of directors of the Boston Young Mens Christian Association starting in 1924 and was elected president of the organization in 1936 and he also served as chairman of the management committee of the Army and Navy Young Mens Christian Association. Storer was also the President of The Storer Associates, Inc. and had an association with Bostons Northeastern University. He was a member of Northeasterns board of trustees from 1936 until at least 1960, Storer was married to a cousin, Dorothy Storer. Their son Robert Treat Paine Storer, Jr. was a real estate developer
17.
Percy Langdon Wendell
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Percy Langdon Bullet Wendell was an American football player and coach of football and basketball in the United States. He was born on July 16,1889 in Roxbury, Massachusetts to Frank Thaxter Wendell and he attended the Roxbury Latin School and attended Harvard University from 1909 to 1913. He went on to two years of medical school. He was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame in 1972 and he was also the 16th head football coach for the Lehigh Mountain Hawks in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania and he held that position for three seasons, from 1925 until 1927. His overall coaching record at Lehigh was 5 wins,20 losses and this ranks him 17th at Lehigh in terms of total wins and 26th at Lehigh in terms of winning percentage. He died in 1932 at age 43, Percy Langdon Wendell at the College Football Hall of Fame Percy Langdon Wendell at the College Football Data Warehouse
18.
Ivy League
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The Ivy League is a collegiate athletic conference comprising sports teams from eight private institutions of higher education in the Northeastern United States. The conference name is commonly used to refer to those eight schools as a group beyond the sports context. The eight institutions are Brown University, Columbia University, Cornell University, Dartmouth College, Harvard University, the University of Pennsylvania, Princeton University, the term Ivy League has connotations of academic excellence, selectivity in admissions, and social elitism. While the term was in use as early as 1933, it became official after the formation of the NCAA Division I athletic conference in 1954. Seven of the eight schools were founded during the United States colonial period, Ivy League institutions account for seven of the nine Colonial Colleges chartered before the American Revolution, the other two are Rutgers University and College of William & Mary. Ivy League schools are generally viewed as some of the most prestigious, all eight universities place in the top fifteen of the U. S. News & World Report 2017 nation university rankings, including the top four schools and five of the top eight. Undergraduate enrollments range from about 4,000 to 14,000, making them larger than those of a private liberal arts college. Total enrollments, including students, range from approximately 6,400 at Dartmouth to over 20,000 at Columbia, Cornell, Harvard. Ivy League financial endowments range from Browns $3 billion to Harvards $36.4 billion, as of 2014, Harvard University has an endowment of $36.4 billion. Additionally, each university receives millions of dollars in grants and other subsidies from federal. Harvard University uses the date that the legislature of the Massachusetts Bay Colony formally allocated funds for the creation of a college, Harvard was chartered in 1650, although classes had been conducted for approximately a decade by then. The University of Pennsylvania initially considered its founding date to be 1750, later in Penns early history, the university changed its officially recognized founding date to 1749, which was used for all of the nineteenth century, including a centennial celebration in 1849. In 1899, Penns board of trustees adopted a third founding date of 1740. Penn was chartered in 1755, the same year classes began. Religious affiliation refers to financial sponsorship, formal association with, and promotion by, all of the schools in the Ivy League are private and not currently associated with any religion. Students have long revered the ivied walls of older colleges, planting the ivy was a customary class day ceremony at many colleges in the 1800s. In 1893 an alumnus told The Harvard Crimson, In 1850, the custom of planting the ivy, while the ivy oration was delivered, arose about this time. At Penn, graduating seniors started the custom of planting ivy at a university building each spring in 1873, Ivy planting ceremonies are reported for Yale, Simmons, Bryn Mawr and many others
19.
Wisconsin Badgers football
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The Wisconsin Badgers football team is the intercollegiate football team of University of Wisconsin–Madison. The Badgers have competed in the Big Ten Conference since its formation in 1896 and they play their home games at Camp Randall Stadium, the fourth-oldest stadium in college football. Wisconsin has had two Heisman Trophy winners, Alan Ameche and Ron Dayne, and have had nine former players inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame, as of January 2,2017, the Badgers have an all-time record of 685–489–53. The teams nickname originates in the history of Wisconsin. In the 1820s and 1830s, prospectors came to the looking for minerals. Without shelter in the winter, the miners had to live like badgers in tunnels burrowed into hillsides, the first Badger football team took the field in 1889, losing the only two games it played that season. In 1890, Wisconsin earned its first victory with a 106–0 drubbing of Whitewater Normal School, however, the very next week the Badgers suffered what remains their most lopsided defeat, a humiliating 63–0 loss at the hands of the University of Minnesota. Since then, the Badgers and Gophers have met 122 times, upon the formation of the Big Ten conference in 1896, Wisconsin became the first-ever conference champion with a 7–1–1 record. Over the next ten years, the Badgers won or shared the title three more times, and recorded their first undefeated season, going 9–0–0. With the exception of their undefeated season in 1912, in which they won their fifth Big Ten title. The 1912 season would be their last conference title until 1952, the team posted mostly winning seasons over the next several seasons however. 1942 was an important year for Wisconsin football, on October 24, the #6 ranked Badgers defeated the #1 ranked Ohio State Buckeyes at Camp Randall, catapulting Wisconsin to the #2 spot in the AP poll. Unfortunately for the Badgers, their championship hopes were dashed in a 6–0 defeat by the Iowa Hawkeyes the following week. Nevertheless, Wisconsin won the remainder of its games, finishing the season 8–1–1 and #3 in the AP, afterwards, the Badgers struggled to regain their momentum, with their efforts hampered by many of their star players leaving as a result of World War II. In the late 1940s, fans began insisting that head coach Harry Stuhldreher resign, many times chanting Goodbye Harry, especially during 1948, Stuhldreher stepped down as head coach, while keeping his duties as athletic director. Stuhldreher then named Ivy Williamson as head coach The Badgers experienced great success during the 1950s under Williamson, in one stretch, from 1950-1954, the Badgers went 26-8-3. In 1952, the received its first #1 ranking by the Associated Press. That season, the Badgers again claimed the Big Ten title, there they were defeated 7–0 by the Southern California, and would finish the season ranked #11 in the AP
20.
Jim Thorpe
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James Francis Thorpe was an American athlete and Olympic gold medalist. A member of the Sac and Fox Nation, Thorpe became the first Native American to win a medal for his home country. Considered one of the most versatile athletes of modern sports, he won Olympic gold medals in the 1912 pentathlon and decathlon, and played American football, professional baseball, in 1983,30 years after his death, the International Olympic Committee restored his Olympic medals. Thorpe grew up in the Sac and Fox Nation in Oklahoma, and attended Carlisle Indian Industrial School, after his Olympic success in 1912, which included a record score in the decathlon, he added a victory in the All-Around Championship of the Amateur Athletic Union. In 1913, Thorpe signed with the New York Giants, Thorpe joined the Canton Bulldogs American football team in 1915, helping them win three professional championships, he later played for six teams in the National Football League. He played as part of several all-American Indian teams throughout his career, from 1920 to 1921, Thorpe was nominally the first president of the American Professional Football Association, which became the NFL in 1922. He played professional sports until age 41, the end of his sports career coinciding with the start of the Great Depression and he struggled to earn a living after that, working several odd jobs. He suffered from alcoholism, and lived his last years in failing health and he was married three times and had eight children, before suffering from heart failure and dying in 1953. Thorpe has received accolades for his athletic accomplishments. The Associated Press named him the greatest athlete from the first 50 years of the 20th century, a Pennsylvania town was named in his honor and a monument site there is the site of his remains, which were the subject of legal action. Thorpe was portrayed in the 1951 film Jim Thorpe – All-American, information about Thorpes birth, name and ethnic background varies widely. He was baptized Jacobus Franciscus Thorpe in the Catholic Church, Thorpe was born in Indian Territory, but no birth certificate has been found. He was generally considered to have born on May 22,1887, near the town of Prague. Hope this will clear up the inquiries as to my birthplace, however, most biographers believe that he was born on May 22,1887, as that is what is listed on his baptismal certificate. Bellemont was a community, now disappeared, on the line between Pottawatomie and Lincoln Counties. While the town of Prague, Lincoln County, now claims to be the birthplace of Thorpe, All his personal references were either Shawnee or Pott County. The Sac and Fox agency is in Stroud, Lincoln County, Thorpes parents were both of mixed-race ancestry. His father, Hiram Thorpe, had an Irish father and a Sac and his mother, Charlotte Vieux, had a French father and a Potawatomi mother, a descendant of Chief Louis Vieux
21.
Carlisle Indians football
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The Carlisle Indians football team represented the Carlisle Indian Industrial School in intercollegiate football competition. The program was active from 1893 until 1917, when it was discontinued, during the programs 25 years, the Indians compiled a 167–88–13 record and 0.647 winning percentage, which makes it the most successful defunct major college football program. During the early 20th century, Carlisle was a football powerhouse. Several notable players and coaches were associated with the team, including Pop Warner, the Carlisle Indian Industrial School was founded in 1879 by an American cavalry officer, Richard Henry Pratt, in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Its purpose was to facilitate the assimilation of the Native American population into mainstream American society, in 1893, the Indians played their first season recognized by the NCAA. The Indians were consistently outsized by the teams they scheduled, and they in turn relied on speed, carlisles playbook gave rise to many trick plays and other innovations that are now commonplace in American football. The overhand spiral throw and hand-off fake are both credited to Carlisle, other strategems caused the National Collegiate Athletic Association to institute rules specifically prohibiting them. In 1903, an Indian team coached by Pop Warner first employed its infamous hidden-ball play against heavily favored Harvard, Warner, as coach at Cornell, had already used it against Penn State in 1897, but it had not achieved much notice. Carlisle led Harvard at halftime, and hoping to keep the games momentum, Harvard executed the kick, and the Indians formed a circle around the returner. With the aid of a specially altered jersey, the ball was placed up the back of the returner, the Indians broke the huddle and spread out in different directions. Each player feigned carrying the ball, except Dillon, the man with the ball up the back of his jersey, the ruse confused the Crimson players, and they scrambled to find the ball carrier. Dillon, with both his hands free, was ignored by the searching Harvard players, and he ran unmolested into the end zone, with the score, Carlisle extended its lead to 11–0, but Harvard came back and eventually won 12–11. Nevertheless, the match, and trick play, resulted in national attention. Warner had learned the trick from John Heisman while facing Auburn in 1895 during his tenure as coach of the Georgia Bulldogs, in 1907, Jim Thorpe, undersized even for the Indians, persuaded Warner to allow him to try out for the team. Thorpe immediately impressed his coach and secured a position on the team. On October 26,1907, Jim Thorpe and Carlisle trounced a powerful University of Pennsylvania team, 26–6, after graduating from Carlisle, he went on to stardom in numerous athletic endeavors, including as an Olympic athlete and professional player in football, baseball, and basketball. In 1911, the Indians posted an 11–1 record, which included one of the greatest upsets in football history. Against Harvard, Thorpe scored all of the Indians points in an upset over the period powerhouse
22.
Douglas Bomeisler
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Douglass M. Bo Bomeisler was an American college football player. He played for the Yale Bulldogs football team of Yale University from 1910 to 1912 and he was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame in 1972. Bomeisler was born in Brooklyn, New York and he graduated from what is now called Poly Prep Country Day School where he played football. He enrolled at Yale University where he played for the varsity football team in 1910,1911 and 1912. Playing at the end position, Bomeisler developed a reputation as a fast and powerful player, a hard and deadly tackler, and the strongest man on the Yale team. In his first year of eligibility to play for Yales varsity football team, Bomeisler was injured in the game of the 1910 football season. Early in the 1911 season, Bomeisler injured his shoulder in the Harvard game and he injured his knee in Yales 1911 game against Princeton. To allow him to continue to play, Bomeisler fabricated a knee brace from leather, after playing through multiple injuries, Bomeisler was selected as a first-team All-American by Walter Camp and Charles Chadwick. He was also named to the Football Honor List for 1911, in selecting Bomeisler as an All-American, Camp wrote that Bomeisler was powerful, thickset, fast, a terror to his opponents. In May 1912, Bomeisler was overlooked by Yales three senior secret societies -- Skull and Bones, Scroll and Key and Wolfs Head, in September 1912, Bomeisler returned to the Yale football team despite his injuries. A profile of the Yale team published early in the 1912 season noted that the Yale coaches were not working him very hard in the part of the season to avoid aggravating his shoulder injury. Because of his injuries, he became known as the King of the Hard Luck Players. A syndicated newspaper report published in November 1912 noted, The crown of hard luck king certainly belongs to Douglass Bomeisler, the star Yale end. Injuries kept him out of the majority of games last season and this season he was still more unfortunate, being laid out in the Holy Cross game and not getting into shape until the Princeton game. In November 1912, newspapers reported, All Yale men were enthusiastic over the indicators that the 188 pound whirlwind Bomeisler would be at end, though Yale lost to Harvard in 1912 by a score of 20-0, Bomeisler was a standout in the game. The entire Yale defense seemed to rest on two players and when Bomeisler was taken out in the second period the crimson offense again became very aggressive. He was out of the fray most of the year with an injured shoulder. Besides these things, both Bomeisler and Felton are stars at taking forward passes, despite the injuries, Bomeisler was selected as a first-team All-American for a second time after the 1912 season
23.
College Football Hall of Fame
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The College Football Hall of Fame is a hall of fame and museum devoted to college football. The National Football Foundation launched the Hall in 1951 to immortalize the players, from 1995 to 2012, the Hall was located in South Bend, Indiana. It was connected to a center and situated in the citys renovated downtown district,2 miles south of the University of Notre Dame campus. In August 2014, the College Football Hall of Fame and Chick-fil-A Fan Experience opened in downtown Atlanta, rutgers donated land near its football stadium, office space, and administrative support. In response, the Foundation moved its operations to New York City, when the New York Attorney Generals office began its own investigation, the foundation moved to Kings Mills, Ohio, where a building finally was constructed adjacent to Kings Island in 1978. The Hall opened with good attendance figures early on, but visitation dwindled dramatically as time went on, nearby Galbreath Field remained open as the home of Moeller High School football until 2003. A new building was opened in South Bend, Indiana on August 25,1995. Despite estimates that the South Bend location would more than 150,000 visitors a year, the Hall of Fame drew about 115,000 people the first year. In 2009, the National Football Foundation decided to move the College Football Hall of Fame to Atlanta, the possibility of moving the museum has been brought up in other cities, including Dallas, which had the financial backing of billionaire T. Boone Pickens. However, the National Football Foundation ultimately decided on Atlanta for the next site, the new $68.5 million museum opened on August 23,2014. It is located next to Centennial Olympic Park, which is near other attractions such as the Georgia Aquarium, the World of Coca-Cola, CNN Center, and the National Center for Civil and Human Rights. The Hall of Fame is located near the Georgia Institute of Technology of the ACC, the new building broke ground on January 28,2013. Sections of the architecture are reminiscent of a football in shape, the facility is 94,256 square feet and contains approximately 50,000 square feet of exhibit and event space, interactive displays and a 45-yard indoor football field. Atlanta Hall Management operates the College Football Hall of Fame, as of 2017, there are 987 players and 214 coaches enshrined in the College Football Hall of Fame, representing 306 schools. The National Football Foundation outlines specific criteria that may be used for evaluating a candidate for induction into the Hall of Fame. A player must have received major first team All-America recognition, a player becomes eligible for consideration 10 years after his last year of intercollegiate football played. Football achievements are considered first, but the record as a citizen is also weighed. Players must have played their last year of football within the last 50 years
24.
Wesley Englehorn
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Wesley Theodore Moose Englehorn was an American football player and coach. Born in Helena, Montana, Englehorn first gained fame as a player for Spokane High School. While he was a junior in high school, he was recruited by Princeton University to come east to play football for the school. A newspaper account in 1907 reported, It is expected that Wesley Englehorn, if this materializes the Spokane high school will be weakened next year by the loss of two of its greatest players. Englehorn is also a strong basket ball player and track athlete, Englehorn did not enroll at Princeton and instead played for two years on the All Star Pacific Northwest football and basketball teams. He began his career at Washington State College. After playing one year of football at Washington State, Englehorn enrolled at Dartmouth College and he was elected team captain for the 1913 season, but he was declared ineligible under the so-called three-year rule because of his year at Washington State. Though ineligible to play, Englehorn served as the assistant coach in 1913 and was elected class president. He was selected as a first-team All-American in 1912 and he graduated from Dartmouth in 1914 and worked as a football coach for several years thereafter. From 1914 to 1916, he was the coach at Case School of Applied Science in Cleveland. In 1917, he was hired as the coach and first assistant football coach at Colgate University. In 1920, he was an assistant coach under Frank Cavanaugh at Boston College, in 1921, he was hired as the head football coach at Amherst College. In January 1922, Englehorn announced his retirement from coaching, shortly before his death at age 103, Englehorn said, Its the football I remember best. Prior to his death in 1993, he was living at Stapeley Hall, a home for the elderly in the Germantown section of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, wesleys has been traced back to 1580. Wesley Englehorn at the College Football Data Warehouse
25.
Hank Ketcham (American football)
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Henry Holman Hank Ketcham was an American college football player who was a center and guard positions for the Yale Bulldogs football team of Yale University. Ketcham was recognized as a consensus first-team All-American in 1911 and 1912 and he was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1968. Ketcham was born in Englewood, New Jersey, after attending the Hotchkiss School, he enrolled at Yale University, where he was a member of Skull and Bones. He played every game for Yales varsity football team in 1911,1912 and he helped lead Yale to a 7–2–1 record in 1911 and a 7–1–1 record in 1912 and was a consensus All-American in both of those years. In 1913, Ketcham was selected as the captain of Yales football team, in a departure from past tradition at Yale, Ketcham appointed Howard Jones as the schools first salaried football coach. Ketcham later recalled, I played every varsity game for three years and was out only once for a slight injury … I am generally credited with having developed the term roving center. Except for todays platoon systems, football hasnt changed materially and we had the on-side kick, the ball was a bit larger in circumference and the drop kick was more popular than the place kick
26.
Leroy Mercer
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Eugene Leroy Mercer was a respected surgeon but was best known for his college football career, while attending the University of Pennsylvania. In 1910, he led Penn to the championship. During his time at Penn, Mercer helped the Quakers to a 23–10 football record, in 1908, Mercer cleared 12-foot in the pole vault, setting a record which he then broke in 1909. He is credited with becoming the only high school athlete to clear that height with a now-outdated spruce pole, Mercer was named to the United States Olympic team for the 1912 Olympic Games, and placed fifth in the long jump and sixth in the decathlon. He also competed in baseball, which was a sport at those Games. Mercer then captained Penns 1913 champion track team and received All-American honors for his long jump accomplishments and he received his Doctorate in Medicine in 1913 and launched a distinguished career as a physician and educator. He later worked at Swarthmore College as the athletic director. He also coached the lacrosse team in 1918 and 1919. Mercer returned to Penn in 1930 to serve as the Director, in 1955, he was elected to the College Football Hall of Fame. Leroy Mercer at the College Football Hall of Fame Leroy Mercer at the College Football Data Warehouse Media related to Leroy Mercer at Wikimedia Commons
27.
Pro Football Hall of Fame
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The Pro Football Hall of Fame is the hall of fame for professional American football. As of 2017, there are a total of 310 members of the Hall of Fame, groundbreaking for the building was held on August 11,1962. The original building contained just two rooms, and 19,000 square feet of interior space, in April 1970, ground was broken for the first of many expansions. This first expansion cost $620,000, and was completed in May 1971, the size was increased to 34,000 square feet by adding another room. The pro shop opened with this expansion and this was also an important milestone for the Pro Football Hall of Fame, as yearly attendance passed the 200,000 mark for the first time. In November 1977, work began on another project, costing US$1,200,000. It was completed in November 1978, enlarging the shop and research library. The total size of the hall was now 50,500 square feet, the building remained largely unchanged until July 1993. The Hall then announced yet another expansion, costing US$9,200,000 and this expansion was completed in October 1995. The buildings size was increased to 82,307 square feet, the most notable addition was the GameDay Stadium, which shows an NFL Films production on a 20-foot by 42-foot Cinemascope screen. Through 2017, all inductees except one, played part of their professional career in the NFL. For CFL stars, there is a parallel Canadian Football Hall of Fame, only one player, the Chicago Bears have the most Hall of Famers among the leagues franchises with 32 enshrinees. Enshrinees are selected by a 46-person committee, largely made up of media members, each city that has a current NFL team sends one representative from the local media to the committee. A city with more than one franchise sends a representative for each franchise, there are also 13 at-large delegates, and one representative from the Pro Football Writers Association. Except for the PFWA representative, who is appointed to a term, all other appointments are open-ended and terminated only by death, incapacitation, retirement. To be eligible for the process, a player or coach must have been retired for at least five years. Any other contributor such as an owner or executive can be voted in at any time. Fans may nominate any player, coach or contributor by simply writing to the Pro Football Hall of Fame via letter or email
28.
1912 Summer Olympics
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The 1912 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the V Olympiad, were an international multi-sport event held in Stockholm, Sweden, between 5 May and 22 July 1912. Twenty-eight nations and 2,408 competitors, including 48 women, with the exception of tennis and football and shooting, the games were held within a month with an official opening on 6 July. It was the last Olympics to issue solid gold medals and, with Japans debut, Stockholm was the only bid for the games, and was selected in 1909. The games were the first to have art competitions, womens diving, womens swimming, electric timing was introduced in athletics, while the host country disallowed boxing. Figure skating was rejected by the organizers because they wanted to promote the Nordic Games, United States won the most gold medals, while Sweden won the most medals overall. Following the 1908 Summer Olympics in London, the authorities in Sweden immediately sought to ensure that the games would be held there. There were two Swedish members of the International Olympic Committee at the time, Viktor Balck and Clarence von Rosen, the pair proposed to the Swedish governing bodies of athletics and gymnastics in order to ensure that they backed any potential bid. Support was given by the associations on 18 April 1909 for a bid to host the Olympics in Stockholm on the basis that suitable financial arrangements could be made. King Gustaf V was petitioned on 6 May 1909 following the publication of plans for the Stockholm bid that the expected cost of hosting the Games would be 415,000 kronor. The Government accepted the petition on behalf of the King and supported the bid, on 28 May, at the meeting of the IOC in Berlin, the Swedish representatives declared that they had full financial support for hosting the next Games in Stockholm. A deal was made with the German IOC representative on the basis that Berlin would host the 1916 Summer Olympics. Pierre de Coubertin spoke at the meeting about his concerns that Sweden should ensure that the Games take place, the Games were duly awarded to Sweden to host in Stockholm as the only nominated host city for the 1912 Summer Olympics. The news that Stockholm was to host the 1912 Olympics was received with enthusiasm by the Swedish public, the organizing committee took de Coubertins words to heart, and aimed to achieve an Olympic Games which removed those elements which detracted from earlier Games. The committee was elected in the autumn of 1909, with Balck voted as the President of the committee, the committees first meeting took place on 7 October, and on 11 October they delegated the arrangements for the individual branches of sports to the relevant governing bodies in Sweden. Altogether there were 187 members of these committees, the official invitation to compete in the Games was issued on 18 November 1910 to 27 countries, either directly or through their representative on the IOC. A further 15 countries were to have been invited, but as they had no IOC representatives, once the organizing committee for the Games received confirmation of the athletic associations in each of the 15 countries, they too were sent invitations. Some 61,800 entry forms were printed for the use of the various nations, free transport was arranged for the invited nations equipment, and a discount of 50 percent was arranged for competitors and delegates on the state run railway. A daily newspaper which covered the Olympics was arranged to be published during the Games
29.
Parke H. Davis
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Parke Hill Davis was an American football player, coach, and historian who retroactively named national championship teams in American college football from the 1869 through the 1932 seasons. He also named co-national champions at the conclusion of the 1933 season, Davis selections are included in the NCAAs official football record books, as the only championship teams chosen on the basis of research. Davis was a lineman for Princeton and a member of the Tigers tug-of-war team in 1889 before going on to coach at Wisconsin, Amherst and Lafayette and he displayed an admirable range of talents. The biggest win of the 1896 season came in Philadelphia against Pennsylvania on October 24, a standout for Lafayette was a newcomer named Fielding Hurry Up Yost. Yost began playing football at West Virginia University in 1894 at the age of 23, a 6-foot, 200-pounder, Yost was a star tackle at WVU into the 1896 season. He transferred in mid-season to join what would be Coach Davis national championship team, true to his nickname, just a week after playing against Davis in West Virginia, Hurry Up was playing for Davis in Lafayettes historic 6–4 win over the Quakers. The fortuitous timing of Yosts appearance on the Lafayette roster did not go unnoticed by Penn officials and they called it the Yost affair. The Philadelphia Ledger quoted Yost as saying that he came to Lafayette only to play football, the fact that Yost appeared in a Lafayette uniform only once. In the Penn game… and that he returned to West Virginia within two weeks of the contest, Yost assured all concerned that he would return to Lafayette for at least three years of study. But 1897 found Hurry Up no longer a student or a player, in 1901, he was hired as head coach at the University of Michigan, beginning a storied 25-year, Hall of Fame career. After concluding his own career as a football coach, Davis became a prominent attorney in Easton, Pennsylvania. He lived there the rest of his life, in the October 1900 meeting of the Lafayette Democratic Club, Davis was the orator of the evening, after the group unanimously endorsed the national ticket of William Jennings Bryan. The ex-coach and loyal supporter of athletics of Lafayette served as an umpire in football games and as starter at the colleges track meets. Davis wrote an history of American football in 1911, tracing the sports origins to ancient times. abundant evidence may be marshalled to prove that this is the oldest outdoor game in existence. In the 22nd chapter of Isaiah is found the verse, He will turn and he helped select the 1913 College Football All-America Team while serving as Princetons representative on the American Intercollegiate Football Rules Committee. He served on the Rules Committee from 1909 to 1915, playing a key role in shaping the evolution of the game. Among the innovations with which he is credited are the division of the game into quarters, numbering of players, abolition of inter-locked interference, if the fumble is recovered behind an opponents goal line the ball shall be put in play at the point where it was fumbled. Davis was a friend and admirer of Walter Camp, Father of American Football, in a 1926 authorized biography of Camp, author Harford Powel, Jr
30.
Frank Cavanaugh (American football)
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The Iron Major Cavanaugh was an American football player and coach. Cavanaugh was born in Worcester, Massachusetts and played football as an end at Dartmouth from 1896 to 1897 and he was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 1954. At the time of his death, Cavanaugh was broke and blind and he warned fellow coach and former player Joe McKenney Get out of coaching while you can. The end of every coaching career is disaster and he was played by Pat OBrien in the 1943 RKO film The Iron Major. Inside Football Frank Cavanaugh at the College Football Hall of Fame Frank Cavanaugh at the College Football Data Warehouse
31.
Hamilton Fish III
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Hamilton Fish III was a soldier and Republican politician from New York State. When Fish celebrated his 102nd birthday in 1990, he was the oldest living American who had served in Congress, Fish was born Hamilton Stuyvesant Fish in Garrison, Putnam County, New York to the former Republican U. S. Representative Hamilton Fish II and the former Emily Mann and his paternal grandfather, Hamilton Fish, was United States Secretary of State under the Republican President Ulysses S. Grant. The father of the first Hamilton Fish, Nicholas Fish, was an officer in the Continental Army and was appointed adjutant general of New York by Governor George Clinton. The wife of Nicholas Fish was Elizabeth Stuyvesant, a descendant of Peter Stuyvesant, through his mother, Emily Mann, Hamilton Fish III was also a descendant of Thomas Hooker, who settled Hartford, Connecticut in 1636. Fishs uncle Elias Mann was a judge and three-term mayor of Troy, john Kean and Susan Livingstons great-grandson, and thus a relative of Fish, was Thomas Kean, who was elected governor of New Jersey in 1982. A cousin of Hamilton Fish III was a sergeant in Company L of Theodore Roosevelts Rough Riders, at the age of ten, Hamilton Fish II had his sons name legally changed from Hamilton Stuyvesant Fish to just Hamilton Fish to honor his fallen cousin. Fish was married in 1921 to Grace Chapin Rogers, daughter of onetime Brooklyn Mayor Alfred C and their son, Hamilton Fish IV, was a thirteen-term U. S. Representative from New York, holding office from 1969 to 1995, the Fishes daughter Lillian Veronica Fish married David Whitmire Hearst, son of William Randolph Hearst. During his childhood, Fish attended Chateau de Lancy, a Swiss school near Geneva, which his father also attended in 1860, there and he spent summers with his family in Bavaria. He began his U. S. boarding school education at Fay School in Southborough, Massachusetts, marks School, a preparatory school also in Southborough. Fish later described himself as a B student but successful in different sports. Marks in 1906, Fish went on to attend Harvard University, there, he played on Harvards football team as a tackle and was a member of the Porcellian Club. Standing 6 feet 4 inches and weighing 200 pounds, Ham Fish was highly successful as a player, he was twice an All-America. He was the only Harvard man on Yale graduate Walter Camps All time All America team, after graduating from Harvard, Fish continued his involvement in football. He donated $5000 for several awards to Harvard football players, and organized the Harvard Law School football team, in 1909, aged twenty, Fish graduated early from Harvard with a cum laude degree in history and government. He declined an offer to teach history at Harvard and instead attended Harvard Law School and he left law school before graduating, and took a job in a New York City insurance office. Fish was a Progressive member of the New York State Assembly in 1914,1915 and 1916, prior to the United States entering the First World War, Fish was captain of Company K, 15th New York Infantry
32.
Tom Thorp
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Thomas J. Tom Thorp was an American football player and coach, sports writer, and football and horse racing official. He served as the football at Fordham University from 1912 to 1913 and at New York University from 1922 to 1924. Thorp was a native of New York City, born and raised in the known as the Roaring Forties. He enrolled at Columbia University where he played at the position for the schools football teams in 1903 and 1904. He was among the first non-Ivy League players to be named to Walter Camps All-America team, in October 1905, amid the movement to eradicate professionalism from college football, Columbias faculty dropped Thorp from the university. Upon being expelled from Columbia, Thorp sought admission to Cornell, Thorp next went to the University of Virginia, where he was enrolled and played football. In the late 1900s, Thorp was hired as a writer for the New York Journal. He also worked for a time for the New York American and he continued to work as a journalist until 1936, when he became employed as a full-time official at horse racing tracks. Following his death in 1942, he was remembered as a bona fide newspaperman and he was an able, news-chasing, news-writing reporter. Thorp was head coach at Fordham for the 1912 and 1913 seasons, where he compiled a record of 7 wins,7 losses, and 2 ties. Thorp was the 18th head coach for the New York University Violets located in New York, New York and his career coaching record at NYU was 14 wins,10 losses, and 2 ties. This ranks him fourth at NYU in total wins and third at NYU in winning percentage, when he was not coaching, Thorp also worked as an official for college football games. He officiated at many of the significant eastern games and was the first easterner to be invited to officiate at a Rose Bowl Game and he continued officiating at football games until 1940. In his later years, Thorp lived in Rockville Centre, New York, when pari-mutuel was permitted in New England in 1933, Thorp became employed in the horse racing business. He served as the steward at several race tracks, including Suffolk Downs, the Pagodas at Rockingham Park, Narragansett Park. He was also the manager at the Empire City track in Yonkers. When Seabiscuit was matched against War Admiral, Thorp was the steward at the race. When post time passed for the race, a crowd of reporters gathered, in late June 1942, after presiding over the races at Suffolk Downs, Thorp suffered a heart attack at a Boston hotel, he died a week later at Wyman House in Cambridge, Massachusetts
33.
Tiny Maxwell
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Robert W. Tiny Maxwell was a professional football player and referee. He was also an editor with the Philadelphia Public Ledger. Maxwell was born in Chicago, Illinois on September 7,1884 and he is known to have had a sister, named Katerine Doust at the time of his death. Maxwell began his career began at Englewood High School. There he excelled in football and track and field and he also played the mandolin and was a student actor in the schools Shakespearean plays. Before playing professional football, Maxwell played at the level while attending the University of Chicago. He played for the Maroons in 1902, under coach Amos Alonzo Stagg, Maxwell weighed 240 pounds, in an era when the average offensive lineman weighed under 200 pounds. Maxwells struggle with a speech impediment made his physical presence less intimidating and he played guard for the Maroons in 1902 and 1903. He also competed for the school as a boxer and in track and field, on July 4,1904, Maxwell set the schools shot put record, when he recorded a 429 throw. In the fall of 1904, Maxwell transferred to Swarthmore College and it was around this time that he was given the nickname Tiny. According to Amos Stagg, Maxwell was called Fatty while attending the University of Chicago, during his two years at Swarthmore, the schools football team went 6-3 in 1904 and 7-1 in 1905, losing only to the Penn. In 1905,18 players died playing college football and 159 were seriously injured, during an October 7,1905 game between Swarthmore College and Penn, played at Franklin Field, Maxwells nose was broken, his eyes were swollen nearly shut and his face dripped with blood. However Maxwell reportedly continue to play until near the end of the game, because of his size, Penn had three linemen block Maxwell. Swarthmore lost the game to Penn 11-4, according to legend, a newspaper photo was taken of his face. The photo then found its way to President Theodore Roosevelt, the photograph of Maxwells face shocked and enraged the President into threatening to abolish football, if the colleges themselves did not take steps to eliminate the brutality and reduce injuries. Several writers and scholars have made exhaustive searches for the photo of Maxwells battered face, the 1960s and 1970s update of the Encyclopedia also continued to run the Maxwell-Roosevelt story. The Maxwell Football Club, formed by sportswriters and athletic officials to honor Maxwell, picked up the story and made it more credible. As a result, it became the official account of 1905 and was enshrined in Jack Falla’s history of the National Collegiate Athletic Association and is mentioned at the College Football Hall of Fame
34.
New York Journal-American
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The New York Journal-American was a daily newspaper published in New York City from 1937 to 1966. Both were published by Hearst from 1895 to 1937, the American and Evening Journal merged in 1937. The Journal-American was a publication with several editions in the afternoon, Joseph Pulitzers younger brother Albert founded the New York Morning Journal in 1882. John R. McLean briefly acquired the paper in 1895, Hearst founded the Evening Journal about a year later. Hearst entered into a war with the New York World. In October 1896, Outcault defected to Hearsts New York Journal, many believed that as part of this, aside from any nationalistic sentiment, Hearst may have helped to initiate the Spanish–American War of 1898 to increase sales. A year later, on January 12,1913, McManus launched his Bringing Up Father comic strip, the comics expanded into two full pages daily and a 12-page Sunday color section with leading King Features Syndicate strips. Uncle Remus, Dinglehoofer and His Dog, Donald Duck, Tippie, Right Around Home, Barney Google and Snuffy Smith, tad Dorgan, known for his boxing and dog cartoons as well as the comic character Judge Rummy, joined the Journals staff in 1905. Rube Goldberg also became a cartoonist with the Journal-American, the Evening Journal was home to famed investigative reporter Nellie Bly, who began writing for the paper in 1914 as a war correspondent from the battlefields of World War I. Bly eventually returned to the United States and was given her own column that she wrote right up until her death in 1922, popular columnists included Westbrook Pegler, O. O. McIntyre, Benjamin De Casseres and Dorothy Kilgallen. Kilgallen also wrote articles that appeared on the days as her column on different pages, sometimes the front page. Regular Journal-American contributor Jimmy Cannon was one of the highest paid sports columnists in the United States, Society columnist Maury Henry Biddle Paul, who wrote under the pseudonym Cholly Knickerbocker, became famous and coined the term Café Society. John F. Kennedy contributed to the newspaper during a career he had as a journalist during the final months of World War II. Beginning in 1938, Max Kase was the editor until the newspaper expired in 1966. The fashion editor was Robin Chandler Duke, jack OBrian was television critic for the Journal-American and exposed the 1958 quiz-show scandal that involved cheating on the popular television program Twenty-One. Ford Frick was a sportswriter for the American before becoming president of baseballs National League, Frick was hired by Wilton S. Farnsworth, who was sports editor of the American from 1914–37 until becoming a boxing promoter. Bill Corum was a sportswriter for the Journal-American who also served nine years as president of the Churchill Downs race track, frank Graham covered sports there from 1945–65 and was inducted in the Baseball Hall of Fame, as were colleagues Charley Feeney and Sid Mercer. Before becoming a news columnist elsewhere, Jimmy Breslin was a Journal-American sportswriter in the early 1960s and he authored the book Cant Anybody Here Play This Game
35.
New York World
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The New York World was a newspaper published in New York City from 1860 until 1931. The paper played a role in the history of American newspapers. It was a national voice of the Democratic Party. From 1883 to 1911 under publisher Joseph Pulitzer, it became a pioneer in yellow journalism, capturing readers attention, the World was formed in 1860. From 1862 to 1876, it was edited by Manton Marble, in 1864, the World was shut down for three days after it published forged documents purportedly from Abraham Lincoln. But Scott was unable to meet the newspapers growing losses, Gould, like Scott, used the paper for his own purposes, employing it to help him take over Western Union. But Gould could not turn the state of the newspaper around. Joseph Pulitzer bought the World in 1883 and began an era of circulation building. Reporter Nellie Bly became one of Americas first investigative journalists, often working undercover, as a publicity stunt for the paper, inspired by the Jules Verne novel Around the World in Eighty Days, she traveled around the planet in 72 days in 1889-1890. In 1890, Pulitzer built the New York World Building, the tallest office building in the world at the time, in 1889, Julius Chambers was appointed by Pulitzer as managing editor of the New York World, he served until 1891. In 1896, the World began using a printing press, it was the first newspaper to launch a color supplement. It joined a battle with William Randolph Hearsts New York Journal American. The World was attacked for being sensational, and its battles with Hearsts Journal American gave rise to the term yellow journalism. The charges of sensationalism were most frequently leveled at the paper by more established publishers, and while the World presented its fair share of crime stories, it also published damning exposés of tenement abuses. After a heat wave in 1883 killed a number of poor children. Its coverage spurred action in the city for reform, hearst reproduced Pulitzers approach in the San Francisco Examiner and later in the Journal American. Frank Irving Cobb was employed on a basis as the editor of the World in 1904 by publisher Pulitzer. Cobb was a fiercely independent Kansan who resisted Pulitzers attempts to run the office from his home, the elder man was so invested in the paper that he continually meddled with Cobbs work
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The Evening World
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The Evening World was a newspaper that was published in New York City from 1887 to 1931. The first issue was on October 10,1887 and it was published daily, except for Sunday. The final publication was on February 26,1931 and it was merged with New York World and the New York Telegram and became the New York World-Telegram
37.
New-York Tribune
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The New-York Tribune was an American newspaper, first established by Horace Greeley in 1841. Between 1842 and 1866, the newspaper bore the name New-York Daily Tribune, from the 1840s through the 1860s it was the dominant Whig Party and then Republican newspaper in the U. S. The paper achieved a circulation of approximately 200,000 during the decade of the 1850s, making it the largest in New York City, the Tribunes editorials were widely read and helped shape national opinion. In 1924 it was merged with the New York Herald to form the New York Herald Tribune, Greeley had previously published a weekly newspaper, The New Yorker, in 1833, and was also publisher of the Whig Partys political organ, Log Cabin. In 1841, he merged operations of two publications into a new newspaper, the New-York Tribune. The Tribune did reflect some of Horace Greeleys idealist views, the journal retained Karl Marx as its London-based European correspondent in 1852. The arrangement provided Marx with much needed income during a period of his life in which his friend, the arrangement, whereby Engels also submitted articles under Marxs by-line, lasted ten years, with the final Marx column being published in February 1862. In 1854 the paper joined the newly formed Republican Party—Greeley chose the partys name—and emphasized opposition to slavery, during the American Civil War the Tribune usually spoke for the Radical Republican faction that was very hostile to the Confederacy and wanted slavery abolished immediately. The paper generated a large readership, with a circulation of approximately 200,000 during the decade of the 1850s. This made the paper the largest circulation daily in New York City and perhaps in the entire United States — gaining commensurate influence among voters and political decision-makers in the process. After the failure of the Peninsular Campaign in the spring of 1862, during the 1863 Draft Riots a mob tried to burn down the Tribune building which lacked the Gatling guns of the nearby New York Times. Following Greeleys defeat by Ulysses S. Grant for the presidency of the United States in 1872, Greeley checked into Dr. Choates Sanitarium where he died a few weeks later. In 1886, the Tribune became the first publication to be printed on a linotype machine, which allowed it to exceed the standard newspaper size of eight pages. Under Reids son, Ogden Mills Reid, the acquired the New York Herald in 1924 to form the New York Herald Tribune. Copies of the New-York Tribune are available on microfilm at large libraries. Also, indices from selected years in the nineteenth century are available on the Library of Congress website. The original paper articles from the newspapers morgue are kept at The Center for American History at the University of Texas at Austin, a new New York Tribune debuted in 1976 in New York City. The paper, which was originally named The News World and later changed to The New York City Tribune, was published by News World Communications, Inc. owned by the Unification Church
38.
The Sun (New York City)
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The Sun was a New York newspaper that was published from 1833 until 1950. It was considered a paper, like the citys two more successful broadsheets, The New York Times and the New York Herald Tribune. The Sun was the most politically conservative of the three, in New York, The Sun began publication September 3,1833, as a morning newspaper edited by Benjamin Day with the slogan It Shines for All. This was a penny press newspaper, the Sun was groundbreaking in its content, being the first newspaper to report crimes and personal events such as suicides, deaths, and divorces. Day printed the first newspaper account of a suicide and this story was significant because it was the first about an ordinary person. It changed journalism forever, making the newspaper an integral part of the community, prior to this, all stories in newspapers were about politics or reviews of books or the theater. Day was the first to hire reporters to go out and collect stories, prior to this, newspapers relied on readers sending in items, and on making unauthorized copies of stories from other newspapers. His focus on crime is the beginning of the craft of reporting and storytelling, in addition, The Sun was aimed not at the elite but at the common masses of working people. Day and The Sun recognized that the masses were fast becoming literate, prior to The Sun, printers produced the newspapers, often at a loss, making their living selling printing services. An evening edition was introduced in 1887, Frank Munsey bought both editions in 1916 and merged the Evening Sun with his New York Press. On April 13,1844, The Sun published as factual a story by Edgar Allan Poe now known as The Balloon-Hoax, the story told of an imagined Atlantic crossing by hot-air balloon. Today, the paper is best known for the 1897 editorial Is There a Santa Claus, but if a man bites a dog, that is news. In 1926, the Sun published a review by John Grierson of Robert Flahertys film Moana, the series served as the basis for the 1954 movie On the Waterfront. The Suns first female reporter was Emily Verdery Bettey, hired in 1868. The 1952 film Deadline – U. S. A. is a story about the death of a New York newspaper called The Day, loosely based upon the old New York Sun, which closed in 1950. The original Sun newspaper was edited by Benjamin Day, making the newspaper name a play on words. The masthead of the original Sun is visible in a montage of newspaper clippings in a scene of the 1972 film The Godfather and they were recognized as a New York City landmark in 1986. In 2002, a new broadsheet was launched, styled The New York Sun and it was intended as a conservative alternative and local-news focused alternative to the more liberal/progressive The New York Times and other New York newspapers
39.
The Philadelphia Inquirer
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The Philadelphia Inquirer is a morning daily newspaper that serves the Philadelphia metropolitan area of the United States. The newspaper was founded by John R. Walker and John Norvell in June 1829 as The Pennsylvania Inquirer and is the third-oldest surviving daily newspaper in the United States. Owned by Philadelphia Media Network, The Inquirer has the eighteenth largest average weekday U. S. newspaper circulation and has won nineteen Pulitzer Prizes and it is the newspaper of record in the Delaware Valley. The paper has risen and fallen in prominence throughout its history, the Inquirer first became a major newspaper during the American Civil War when its war coverage was popular on both sides. The papers circulation dropped after the war, then rose by the end of the 19th century, by the end of the 1960s, The Inquirer trailed its chief competitor, the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, and lacked modern facilities and experienced staff. In the 1970s, new owners and editors turned the newspaper one of the countrys most prominent. Stan Wischnowski is Vice President of News Operations, the Philadelphia Inquirer was founded as The Pennsylvania Inquirer by printer John R. Walker and John Norvell, former editor of Philadelphias largest newspaper, the Aurora & Gazette. Founded on June 1,1829, The Philadelphia Inquirer is the third-oldest surviving daily newspaper in the United States, however, in 1962, an Inquirer-commissioned historian traced The Inquirer to John Dunlaps The Pennsylvania Packet, which was founded on October 28,1771. In 1850, The Packet was merged with another newspaper, The North American, after Harding acquired The Pennsylvania Inquirer, it was briefly published as an afternoon paper before returning to its original morning format in January 1830. Under Harding, in 1829, The Inquirer moved from its location between Front and Second Streets to between Second and Third Streets. When Harding bought and merged the Morning Journal in January 1830, Ten years later The Inquirer again was moved, this time to its own building at the corner of Third Street and Carters Alley. Harding expanded The Inquirers content and the paper grew into a major Philadelphian newspaper. The expanded content included the addition of fiction, and in 1840, at the time the common practice was to pay little or nothing for the rights of foreign authors works. Harding retired in 1859 and was succeeded by his son William White Harding, William Harding changed the name of the newspaper to its current name, The Philadelphia Inquirer. Harding, in an attempt to increase circulation, cut the price of the paper, in 1859, circulation had been around 7,000, by 1863 it had increased to 70,000. Part of the increase was due to the interest in news during the American Civil War, the Philadelphia Inquirer supported the Union, but Harding wanted their coverage to remain neutral. Confederate generals often sought copies of the paper, believing that the war coverage was accurate. Inquirer journalist Uriah Hunt Painter was at the First Battle of Bull Run in 1861, initial reports from the government claimed a Union victory, but The Inquirer went with Painters firsthand account
40.
Public Ledger (Philadelphia)
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The Public Ledger was a daily newspaper in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania published from March 25,1836 to January 1942. Its motto was Virtue Liberty and Independence, for a time, it was Philadelphias most popular newspaper, but circulation declined in the mid-1930s. Founded by William Moseley Swain, Arunah S. Abell, and Azariah H. Simmons, and edited by Swain, at that time most papers sold for five cents or more, a relatively high price which limited their appeal to only the reasonably well-off. Swain and Abell drew on the success of the New York Herald, one of the first penny papers and they mimicked the Heralds use of bold headlines to draw sales. The formula was a success and the Ledger posted a circulation of 15,000 in 1840, to put this into perspective, the entire circulation of all newspapers in Philadelphia was estimated at only 8,000 when the Ledger was founded. The Ledger was an innovator as well. It was the first daily to use of a pony express. From 1846, it was printed on the first rotary printing press, by the early 1860s, The Ledger was a money-losing operation, squeezed by rising paper and printing costs. It had lost circulation by supporting the Copperhead Policy of opposing the American Civil War, in the face of declining circulation, publishers were reluctant to increase the one-cent subscription cost, although it was needed to cover the costs of production. In December 1864, the paper was sold to George William Childs, upon buying the paper, Childs completely changed its policy and methods. He changed the policy to the Loyalist line, raised advertising rates. After an initial drop, circulation rebounded and the paper resumed profitability, Childs was closely involved in all operations of the paper, from the press room to the composing room. He intentionally upgraded the quality of advertisements appearing in the publication to suit a higher-end readership, childss efforts bore fruit and the Ledger became one of the most influential journals in the country. Circulation growth led the firm to outgrow its facilities, in 1866 Childs bought property at Sixth and Chestnut Streets in Philadelphia, where the Public Ledger Building was constructed. Designed by architect John McArthur, Jr. the building had at its corner a larger-than-life-sized statue of Benjamin Franklin by Joseph A. Bailly, the quality and profitability of the Ledger improved dramatically. By 1894, The New York Times described it as. the finest newspaper office in the country, toward the end of Childs leadership, the Ledger was estimated to generate profits of approximately $500,000 per year. In 1902, Adolph Ochs, owner of The New York Times and he merged it with the Philadelphia Times, and installed his brother George as editor. Oakes served as editor until 1914, two years after Curtis bought the publication, in 1913, Cyrus H. K. Curtis purchased the paper from Ochs for $2 million and hired his step son-in-law John Charles Martin as editor
41.
The Baltimore Sun
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The Baltimore Sun is the largest general-circulation daily newspaper based in the American state of Maryland and provides coverage of local and regional news, events, issues, people, and industries. Founded in 1837, it is owned by tronc, abell was born in Rhode Island, where he began journalism with the Providence Patriot. He later worked with newspapers in New York City and Boston, from 1947 to 1986, The Sun was the owner of Marylands first television station, WMAR-TV. In the postwar years, The Sun significantly expanded its overseas presence, the newspaper opened its first foreign bureau in London in 1924. Between 1955 and 1961, it added four new foreign offices, as Cold War tensions grew, it set up shop in Bonn, West Germany, in February 1955. Eleven months later, The Sun opened a Moscow bureau, becoming one of the first U. S. newspapers to do so, a Rome office followed in July 1957, and in 1961, The Sun expanded to New Dehli. At its height, The Sun ran eight foreign bureaus, giving rise to its boast in a 1983 ad that The Sun never sets on the world, the paper was sold in 1986 to the Times-Mirror Company of the Los Angeles Times. The same week, the rival News American, with publishing antecedents since 1773, the oldest paper in the city, it had been owned by the Hearst Corporation since the 1920s. In 1997, The Sun acquired the Patuxent Publishing Company, a suburban newspaper publisher that had a stable of weekly papers. In the 1990s and 2000s, The Sun began cutting back its foreign coverage, in 1995 and 1996, closed its Tokyo, Mexico City and Berlin bureaus. Two more — Beijing and London — fell victim to cost-cutting in 2005, the final three bureaus — Moscow, Jerusalem, and Johannesburg, South Africa — fell a couple years later. All were closed by 2008, as the Tribune Co. streamlined and downsized the newspaper chains foreign reporting, some material from The Suns foreign correspondents is archived at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County. In 2000, the Times-Mirror company was purchased by the Tribune Company of Chicago, I,2014 it transferred its newspapers, including The Sun, to Tribune Publishing. On September 19,2005, and again on August 24,2008 and its circulation as of 2010 was 195,561 for the daily edition and 343,552 on Sundays. On April 29,2009, the Tribune Company announced that it would lay off 61 of the 205 staff members in the Sun newsroom. On September 23,2011, it was reported that the Baltimore Sun would be moving its web edition behind a paywall starting October 10,2011, BSMG content reaches more than one million Baltimore-area readers each week and is the regions most widely read source of news. On February 20,2014, The Baltimore Sun Media Group announced they are going to buy the alternative weekly City Paper, in April, the Sun acquired the Maryland publications of Landmark Media Enterprises. The Evening Sun was first published in 1910 under the leadership of Charles H. Grasty, former owner of the Evening News, for most of its existence, The Evening Sun led its morning sibling in circulation
42.
Baltimore News-American
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The Baltimore News-American was a Baltimore broadsheet newspaper with a continuous lineage of more than 200 years of Baltimore newspapers. For much of the century, it had the largest circulation in the city. Its final edition was published on May 27,1986, the News American was formed by a final merger of two papers, the Baltimore News-Post and The Baltimore American, in 1964, after a long 191-year history and weaning process. Built opposite later in 1873, was The News office/printing establishment with its mansard roof, all this perished in smoke with the Great Baltimore Fire in February 1904, which burned out both buildings to a shell. Publication had to be shifted to other neighboring cities such as Washington. The South Street complex was torn down several years after the closing in 1986. Paul and East Fayette Streets consumed by the blaze although the new massive City Circuit Courthouse just to the east across the street, mencken described his early reporting years in the second volume of his autobiographical trilogy Newspaper Days published in 1941. The Baltimore American, claimed to be a descendent of the original Maryland Journal. Fulton during the middle 19th Century, after the American Civil War, Felix Agnus, returned from the war and settled in Baltimore and became manager of the American and eventually married the Fultons daughter. Within a decade, he became the editor and publisher following the death of Fulton and he was also very proud that his new skyscraper for the American was the first to be completed in early 1905 in the burnt district. He died in October 1925 at 86, several years after selling the paper to a very controversial, william Randolph Hearsts Hearst Company newspaper empire acquired the morning American from Agnus and the afternoon News from Grasty in 1923 from another newspaper mogul Frank A. Munsey. It became one of the city and states largest financial empires into the 1990s, now the newly revamped News American is published seven days a week with the usually thick special Sunday edition of many sections. Masthead is redesigned with new vignette with old Phoenix Shot Tower in center and city buildings behind. For the first time, paper is referred to without city name on masthead, entrances on Pratt and Lombard are closed. Paper uses postal new address on South Street, john L. Carey, was editor of the Baltimore American in 1845. He published a number of books and pamphlets on the question of prior to the American Civil War. Baltimore News American Photograph Collection, University of Maryland Libraries, College Park, Maryland
43.
Pittsburgh Dispatch
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The Pittsburgh Dispatch was a leading newspaper in Pittsburgh, operating from 1846 to 1923. After being enlarged by publisher Daniel ONeill it was one of the largest and most prosperous newspapers in the United States. The paper was independent and was particularly known for its in-depth court reporting. Established by Col. J. Heron Foster, the Dispatch made its first appearance on 9 February 1846 and it was the first penny paper published in western Pennsylvania, initially comprising only four pages. The paper was almost unique in the industry for being profitable almost from the beginning despite being started during an economic recession. Foster was an opponent to slavery in the United States and. He was also a supporter of woman suffrage. His daughter Rachel Foster Avery became a prominent worker in the National American Woman Suffrage Association and he hired a woman to work in the newsroom and invited the protesting men to leave if they did not wish to work alongside her. Initially Foster acted not only as manager and financier of the paper. In 1849 Foster brought in a partner, RC Fleeson and the firm changed names to Foster & Fleeson, at the outbreak of the American Civil War Foster joined the Army, but production of the paper continued. In 1857 the Dispatch was Pittsburghs leading newspaper with a daily and weekly circulation of 14,000. Fleeson remained with the paper until his death in 1863, following the war, in 1865 two employees of the paper, Daniel ONeill and Alexander W. Rook bought a half interest in the paper, eventually taking full control when Foster died in 1868. ONeill had been city editor for years and had his finger on the pulse of the city. Additionally, ONeill forged an independent path on state and national issues, the two partners ran the paper until ONeills death in 1877. Following ONeills death, Eugene M ONeill, Daniels brother, took a leading role in the paper along with Rook. E. M. ONeill continued his brothers independent approach to political, the same year as Daniels death,1877, the firm suffered the loss of the printing plant due to fire. ONeill replaced the rotary press with a state-of-the-art perfecting press which could print both sides of the paper at the same time and they simultaneously reduced the size of the printed sheet and doubled the number of pages. The smaller size and greater bulk made the Dispatch stand out from the competition most of whom were using the older blanket press in a broad sheet format, another advantage gained by introducing new technology came from the press ability to print and fold the paper
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