1.
Pittsburgh Panthers football
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The Pittsburgh Panthers football is the intercollegiate football team of the University of Pittsburgh, often referred to as Pitt, located in Pittsburgh. As of the 2013 season, Pitt competes as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference, Pitt has claimed nine national championships and is among the top 20 college football programs in terms of all-time wins. The Panthers are currently coached by Pat Narduzzi, a 130-pound WUP student, Bert Smyers, along with senior student John Scott, assembled a football team that year composed of only three players who had previously witnessed the sport. The team played in one game, a loss against Shady Side Academy, in which Smyers made himself quarterback. In Smyers case, his uniform was pieced together by his mother and sister, the first official game for the university was played on October 11,1890, when the Allegheny Athletic Associations opponent, Shadyside Academy, failed to appear for its game at Exposition Park. Allegheny A. A. called Smyers who brought the WUP team as a replacement, in an inglorious start to Pitt football history, WUP was defeated 38–0. Smyers team next faced Washington and Jefferson College, losing 32–0, the following season saw the university collect more losses en route to a 2–5 record. Smyers suffered a nose in a 40–6 loss to Washington and Jefferson. Perhaps the most important development for the season of football was Smyers recruitment of Joseph Trees from Normal University of Pennsylvania. The 210 pound Trees became WUPs first subsidized athlete and, later in life, made millions in the oil industry and became an important benefactor for the university and athletic department. Today, Trees Hall, a facility on the University of Pittsburghs main campus in the Oakland section of Pittsburgh. The first winning record for the university came in the season of competition in 1892. The following season in 1893, the team had its first official coach, Anson F. Harrold, who led the team to an unremarkable 1–4 record. However, during that season the first contest was played in what would become a 96-game series versus Penn State, in 1895, the school suffered a 1–6 season under coach J. P. Linn. The 1895 season was notable for the first Backyard Brawl on October 26,1895, with WUP losing to West Virginia 8–0 in Wheeling, the university did not see another winning season until Fred Robinson led WUP to a 5–2–1 record in 1898. In 1899, Robinson continued his success with a 3–1–1 record and this was followed by two more consecutive winning seasons, including a record seven-win season in 1901 under coach Wilbur Hockensmith. That season, Hockensmith led the school to its first victory over West Virginia, in the early years of the 20th century, interest in college football grew both in Pittsburgh and throughout the nation. In 1903, Arthur St. Leger Texas Mosse was hired away from the University of Kansas, other players were recruited from surrounding Western Pennsylvania colleges, including star half back Joseph H. Thompson
2.
Parke H. Davis
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Parke Hill Davis was an American football player, coach, and historian who retroactively named national championship teams in American college football from the 1869 through the 1932 seasons. He also named co-national champions at the conclusion of the 1933 season, Davis selections are included in the NCAAs official football record books, as the only championship teams chosen on the basis of research. Davis was a lineman for Princeton and a member of the Tigers tug-of-war team in 1889 before going on to coach at Wisconsin, Amherst and Lafayette and he displayed an admirable range of talents. The biggest win of the 1896 season came in Philadelphia against Pennsylvania on October 24, a standout for Lafayette was a newcomer named Fielding Hurry Up Yost. Yost began playing football at West Virginia University in 1894 at the age of 23, a 6-foot, 200-pounder, Yost was a star tackle at WVU into the 1896 season. He transferred in mid-season to join what would be Coach Davis national championship team, true to his nickname, just a week after playing against Davis in West Virginia, Hurry Up was playing for Davis in Lafayettes historic 6–4 win over the Quakers. The fortuitous timing of Yosts appearance on the Lafayette roster did not go unnoticed by Penn officials and they called it the Yost affair. The Philadelphia Ledger quoted Yost as saying that he came to Lafayette only to play football, the fact that Yost appeared in a Lafayette uniform only once. In the Penn game… and that he returned to West Virginia within two weeks of the contest, Yost assured all concerned that he would return to Lafayette for at least three years of study. But 1897 found Hurry Up no longer a student or a player, in 1901, he was hired as head coach at the University of Michigan, beginning a storied 25-year, Hall of Fame career. After concluding his own career as a football coach, Davis became a prominent attorney in Easton, Pennsylvania. He lived there the rest of his life, in the October 1900 meeting of the Lafayette Democratic Club, Davis was the orator of the evening, after the group unanimously endorsed the national ticket of William Jennings Bryan. The ex-coach and loyal supporter of athletics of Lafayette served as an umpire in football games and as starter at the colleges track meets. Davis wrote an history of American football in 1911, tracing the sports origins to ancient times. abundant evidence may be marshalled to prove that this is the oldest outdoor game in existence. In the 22nd chapter of Isaiah is found the verse, He will turn and he helped select the 1913 College Football All-America Team while serving as Princetons representative on the American Intercollegiate Football Rules Committee. He served on the Rules Committee from 1909 to 1915, playing a key role in shaping the evolution of the game. Among the innovations with which he is credited are the division of the game into quarters, numbering of players, abolition of inter-locked interference, if the fumble is recovered behind an opponents goal line the ball shall be put in play at the point where it was fumbled. Davis was a friend and admirer of Walter Camp, Father of American Football, in a 1926 authorized biography of Camp, author Harford Powel, Jr
3.
Pop Warner
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Glenn Scobey Warner, most commonly known as Pop Warner, was an American football coach at various institutions who is responsible for several key aspects of the modern game. Included among his innovations are the single and double wing formations, fellow pioneer coach Amos Alonzo Stagg called Warner one of the excellent creators. He was inducted as a coach into the College Football Hall of Fame as part of its class in 1951. He also contributed to a football program which became known as Pop Warner Little Scholars. In the early 1900s, he created a football program at the Carlisle Indian Industrial School—a federally-funded. He also coached teams to four championships, Pittsburgh in 1915,1916. Predating Bear Bryant and Bobby Bowden, he once had the most wins of any coach in football history. Warner was born April 5,1871 on a farm in Springville and he was the son of William Warner, a cavalry officer in the American Civil War, and schoolteacher Adaline Scobey. In 1878 a railroad came to Springville, and four years later the moved to a house on East Main Street. Plump as a child, Warner was sometimes known as Butter and he began playing baseball at an early age, and was a skilled pitcher. Nobody in town owned a football, his exposure to the new sport at a young age was with an inflated cows bladder, and as few knew the rules. Warners East Main Street house attracted a number of friends, when a neighbor told his mother that the play would damage her lawn, she replied, Im raising boys. Aside from ranching, Warner got a job assisting a tinsmith and he was already interested in art as a kid — learning how to paint watercolor landscapes, and as a tinsmith he learned how to use tools to make cups, teapots, baking pans as well as lanterns. In 1892, Warner returned to Springville and began to use his experience to gamble on horse races. Although he had no interest in college, soon after coming back he was forced to attend Cornell Universitys law school. Later Warner wrote I dare not write to my father and tell him I was broke — he felt that the way to get funds was to inform his father that he decided to study law. His father, who had wanted him to be a lawyer. Eventually, Warner became known as Pop because he was one of the oldest students at Cornell, at the end of 1894, Warner left Cornell and began working as an attorney in Buffalo, New York
4.
Single-wing formation
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In American and Canadian football, a single-wing formation, created by Glenn Pop Warner, was a precursor to the modern spread or shotgun formation. The term usually connotes formations in which the snap is tossed rather than handed—formations with one wingback, the single wing was superior to the T formation in its ability to get an extra eligible receiver down field. Traditionally, the single-wing was a formation that featured a core of four backs including a tailback, a fullback, a quarterback. Linemen were set unbalanced, or simply put, there were two linemen on one side and four on the side of the center. This was done by moving the off-side guard or tackle to the strong side, the single-wing was one of the first formations attempting to trick the defense instead of over-powering it. Pop Warner referred to his new scheme as the Carlisle formation because he formulated most of the offense while coaching the Carlisle Indians. The term single-wing came into use after spectators noticed that the formation gave the appearance of a wing-shape. In 1907, Warner coached at Carlisle, a school for Native Americans, the first was the discovery of Jim Thorpes raw athletic ability. The second was the use of a passing game that relied on the spiraled ball. Finally, faking backs who started one way, but abruptly headed the opposite way, because Jim Thorpe had so much raw talent, Coach Warner more than likely designed much of his single-wing offense around this gifted athlete. Thorpe, the triple threat, was a good runner, passer. For much of the history of the formation, players were expected to play on both sides of the ball. Consequently, offensive players often turned around to play a corresponding location on defense, the offensive backs played defensive backs, just as the offensive linemen played defensive linemen. Unlike teams of today, single-wing teams had few specialists who only played on certain downs, college football playbooks prior to the 1950s were dominated with permutations of the traditional single-wing envisioned by Warner. Two-time All-American Jack Crains handwritten playbook clearly denotes how the University of Texas ran their version of the single-wing circa 1939-1940, University of Texas Coach Dana X. Bible ran a line, which means that there were the same numbers of linemen on each side of the center. Also, the ends were slightly split, slightly splitting offensive ends, called flexing, was in widespread use by Notre Dames Box variation of the single-wing. Knute Rocknes Notre Dame Box offense employed a balanced line, which had 3 linemen on each side of the center, another Rockne innovation was a shifting backfield that attempted to confuse the defense by moving backs to alternate positions right before the snap
5.
Forbes Field
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Forbes Field was a baseball park in the Oakland neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, from 1909 to June 28,1970. It was the home of the Pittsburgh Pirates Major League Baseball team, and the first home of the Pittsburgh Steelers. The stadium also served as the football field for the University of Pittsburgh Pitt Panthers from 1909 to 1924. The stadium was named after British general John Forbes, who fought in the French and Indian War, the US$1 million project was initiated by Pittsburgh Pirates owner Barney Dreyfuss, with the goal of replacing his franchises then-current home, Exposition Park. The stadium was made of concrete and steel in order to increase its lifespan, the Pirates opened Forbes Field on June 30,1909, against the Chicago Cubs, and would play the final game that was also against the Cubs on June 28,1970. The field itself featured a playing surface, with the batting cage placed in the deepest part of center field during games. Seating was altered multiple times throughout the life, at times fans were permitted to sit on the grass in the outfield during overflow crowds. The Pirates won three World Series while at Forbes Field and the original tenant, the Pittsburgh Panthers football team had five undefeated seasons before moving in 1924. Some remnants of the ballpark still stand, surrounded by the campus of the University of Pittsburgh, in 1903, Pittsburgh Pirates owner Barney Dreyfuss began to look for ground to build a larger capacity replacement for the teams then-current home, Exposition Park. Dreyfuss purchased seven acres of land near the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, adjacent to Schenley Park, with assistance from his friend, the low-priced land was selected so Dreyfuss could spend more on the stadium itself. Dreyfuss signed a contract that he would make the ballpark, of a design that would harmonize with the other structures in the Schenley Park district. The site was initially labeled Dreyfusss Folly due to its long distance—a 10-minute trolley ride—from downtown Pittsburgh, official Pirates records show that Forbes Field cost US$1 million for site acquisition and construction, however some estimates place the cost at twice that amount. Charles Wellford Leavitt, Jr. was contracted to design the stadiums grandstand, a civil engineer, Leavitt had founded an engineering and landscape architecture firm in 1897. He had gained experience in steel and concrete constructs while designing the Belmont, based on Dreyfuss architectural requirements, Leavitt presented a plan for Forbes Field—the only ballpark he would design. Initial work on the land began on January 1,1909, nicola Building Company built the stadium in 122 days and play began less than four months after ground was broken, on June 30. The facade of the stadium featured buff-colored terra cotta spelling out PAC for the Pittsburgh Athletic Company, the light green steelwork contrasted with the red slate of the roof. Some members of the press urged Dreyfuss to name the stadium after himself, however, the owner decided on Forbes Field, in honor of General John Forbes, who captured Fort Duquesne from the French in 1758 and rebuilt a new Fort Pitt at the site. In 1935, after Dreyfuss death, there was renewed media interest in renaming the stadium Dreyfuss Field, however, a monument to Dreyfuss was placed in center field just in front of the wall
6.
1916 Pittsburgh Panthers football team
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The 1916 Pittsburgh Panthers football team represented the University of Pittsburgh in the 1916 college football season. Led by coach Pop Warner, the Panthers were undefeated on the season with an 8–0 record and outscored their opponents by a combined total of 255 to 25. The 1916 team was led by center Robert Peck, Pitts first First Team All-American, also on that team were Jock Sutherland and H. C. Doc Carlson who would go on to become perhaps Pitts most legendary coaches in football and basketball and this Pitt Panthers football team was given the nickname The greatest eleven in the world. The 1916 team was selected or recognized as champions by multiple selectors which are recognized as major in the official NCAA football records book. The are the selectors that determined Pitt to be champions in 1916. * A major selector that was national scope according to the official NCAA football records book, James P. Herron, end Bob Peck, center Clifford Carlson, end Claude Tiny Thornhill, guard James DeHart, quarterback Andy Hastings, halfback Bold - Consensus All-American
7.
1915 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team
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The 1915 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football team represented the Georgia Tech Golden Tornado of the Georgia Institute of Technology during the 1915 college football season. The Tornado was coached by John Heisman in his 12th year as coach, compiling a record of 7–0–1. Georgia Tech played its games at Grant Field. The Tech team claims a Southern championship, and had what was then the greatest season in its history, Coach John Heismans backfield used the pre-snap movement of his jump shift offense. The teams captain was Froggie Morrison, Techs first great quarterback, fullback Tommy Spence was a future World War I casualty, and halfback Wooch Fielder was later a prominent figure in World War II. New halfback Everett Strupper was partially deaf, because of his deafness, he called the signals when he played, when Strupe tried out for the team, he noticed that the quarterback shouted the signals every time he was to carry the ball. Realizing that the signals would be a tip-off to the opposition, Strupper told Heisman, Coach. You see when sickness in my kid days brought on this deafness my folks gave me the best instructors obtainable to teach me lip-reading, Heisman recalled how Strupper overcame his deafness, He couldnt hear anything but a regular shout. But he could read your lips like a flash, no lad that ever stepped on a football field had keener eyes than Everett had. The enemy found this out the minute he began looking for openings through which to run the ball, Tech opened the season with a 52–0 defeat of the Mercer Baptists. The Tech backs plunged through the Baptists line almost at will, in the second week of play, Davidson had the upperhand for three quarters, but Tech managed to pull ahead in the third quarter, and won 21–7. In the first quarter, Davidson scored on a punt fumbled by Everett Strupper, Froggie Morrison hit Jim Senter with a 35-yard pass for a touchdown in the third quarter. Tech managed to again, and the third quarter ended with the Yellow Jackets at the 1-yard line. Tommy Spence carried over on the first play of the fourth quarter, the starting lineup for Tech against Davidson, Goree, Alexander, Reynolds, Phillips, Lang, Carpenter, Senter, Morrison, Johnston, Fielder, Spence. The Yellow Jackets romped over Transylvania 57–0, Tech made 333 yards on end runs to 7 for Transy, and 31 first downs to 5. Heisman used most of his subs, Everett Strupper was the star of the game, scoring four touchdowns. The starting lineup for Tech, Goree, Bell, Preas, Phillips, Lang, Carpenter, Senter, Morrison, Johnston, Fielder, the seasons lone road game was in New Orleans. Georgia Tech handily defeated the LSU Tigers 36–7 using conventional football, Tech repeatedly hammered LSUs left end
8.
University of Pittsburgh
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The University of Pittsburgh is a state-related research university located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. In 1787 after the American Revolutionary War, it was founded on the edge of the American frontier as the Pittsburgh Academy and it developed and was renamed as Western University of Pennsylvania by a change to its charter in 1819. For most of its history, Pitt was a private institution, the university also includes four undergraduate schools located at campuses within Western Pennsylvania, Bradford, Greensburg, Johnstown, and Titusville. The 132-acre Pittsburgh campus has multiple contributing historic buildings of the Schenley Farms Historic District, most notably its 42-story Gothic revival centerpiece, the university has an annual operating budget of approximately $2 billion, which includes nearly $900 million in research and development expenditures. It is the second-largest non-government employer in the Pittsburgh region behind UPMC, Pitt is ranked among the top public universities in the United States in both domestic and international rankings, and has been listed as a best value in higher education by several publications. Pitt students have access to arts programs throughout the campus and city. Pitts varsity athletic teams, collectively known as the Pittsburgh Panthers, compete in Division I of the NCAA, primarily as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference. Founded by Hugh Henry Brackenridge as Pittsburgh Academy in 1787, the University of Pittsburgh is one of the few universities and colleges established in the 18th century in the United States. It is the oldest continuously chartered institution of learning in the U. S. west of the Allegheny Mountains, the school began as a preparatory school, presumably in a log cabin, possibly as early as 1770 in Western Pennsylvania, then a frontier. A brick building was erected in 1790 on the side of Third Street. The small two-story brick building, with a gable facing the alley, within a short period, more advanced education in the area was needed, so in 1819 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania amended the schools 1787 charter to confer university status. The school took the name the Western University of Pennsylvania, or WUP, by the 1830s, the university faced severe financial pressure to abandon its traditional liberal education in favor of the state legislatures desire for it to provide more vocational training. The decision to remain committed to liberal education nearly killed the university and it was also during this era that the founder of Mellon Bank, Thomas Mellon, graduated and later taught at WUP. The universitys buildings, along with most of its records and files, were destroyed in the Great Fire of 1845 that wiped out 20 square blocks of Pittsburgh, classes were temporarily held in Trinity Church until a new building was constructed on Duquesne Way. Only four years later, in 1849, this also was destroyed by fire. Due to the nature of these fires, operations were suspended for a few years to allow the university time to regroup. By 1854, WUP had erected a new building on the corner of Ross and Diamond streets, langley was professor of astronomy and physics and remained at WUP until 1891, when he was succeeded by another prominent astronomer, James Keeler. Growing quickly during this period, WUP outgrew its downtown facilities, the university eventually found itself on a 10-acre site on the North Sides Observatory Hill at the location of its Allegheny Observatory
9.
Baseball park
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A baseball park, also known as a ballpark or diamond, is a venue where baseball is played. A baseball park consists of the field and the surrounding spectator seating. While the diamond and the areas denoted by white painted lines adhere to rules, guidelines for the rest of the field are flexible. The term ballpark sometimes refers either to the structure, or sometimes to just the playing field. A home run where the player makes it around the bases, sometimes a home run over the fence is called out of the ballpark, but that phrase more often means a home run that clears the stands and lands outside the building. The playing field is most often called the ballfield, though the term is used interchangeably with ballpark when referring to a small local or youth league facility. A baseball field can be referred to as a diamond, the infield is a rigidly structured diamond of dirt containing the three bases, home plate, and the pitchers mound. The space between the bases and home is normally a grass surface, save for the mound in the center. Some ballparks, like Torontos Rogers Centre, have grass or artificial turf between the bases, and dirt only around the bases and pitchers mound, others, such as Koshien Stadium in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan, have an entirely dirt infield. Two white lines run out from the plate area, aligned with first. These are the lines or base lines, usually differentiated by referring to them as the first base line. If a ball hit by the lands outside of the space between these two lines, or rolls out of this space before reaching first or third base, the ball is foul. If it lands between or on the lines, it is fair, at the end of the lines are two foul poles, which help the umpires judge whether a ball is fair or foul. These foul poles are actually in fair territory, so a ball hits them on the fly is a home run. On either side of plate are the two batters boxes This is where the batter stands when at bat. Behind home is the box, where the catcher and the home plate umpire stand. Next to first and third base are two boxes, where the first and third base coaches guide the baserunners, generally with gestures or shouts. As the baserunner faces away from the outfield when running from second base to third, they see where the ball is
10.
Major League Baseball
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Major League Baseball is a professional baseball organization, the oldest of the four major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada. A total of 30 teams now play in the National League and American League, the NL and AL operated as separate legal entities from 1876 and 1901 respectively. After cooperating but remaining legally separate entities since 1903, the merged into a single organization led by the Commissioner of Baseball in 2000. The organization also oversees Minor League Baseball, which comprises about 240 teams affiliated with the Major League clubs, with the World Baseball Softball Confederation, MLB manages the international World Baseball Classic tournament. Baseballs first professional team was founded in Cincinnati in 1869,30 years after Abner Doubleday supposedly invented the game of baseball, the first few decades of professional baseball were characterized by rivalries between leagues and by players who often jumped from one team or league to another. The period before 1920 in baseball was known as the dead-ball era, Baseball survived a conspiracy to fix the 1919 World Series, which came to be known as the Black Sox Scandal. The sport rose in popularity in the 1920s, and survived potential downturns during the Great Depression, shortly after the war, baseballs color barrier was broken by Jackie Robinson. The 1950s and 1960s were a time of expansion for the AL and NL, then new stadiums, Home runs dominated the game during the 1990s, and media reports began to discuss the use of anabolic steroids among Major League players in the mid-2000s. In 2006, an investigation produced the Mitchell Report, which implicated many players in the use of performance-enhancing substances, today, MLB is composed of thirty teams, twenty-nine in the United States and one in Canada. Baseball broadcasts are aired on television, radio, and the Internet throughout North America, MLB has the highest season attendance of any sports league in the world with more than 73 million spectators in 2015. MLB is governed by the Major League Baseball Constitution and this document has undergone several incarnations since 1875, with the most recent revisions being made in 2012. Under the direction of the Commissioner of Baseball, MLB hires and maintains the sports umpiring crews, and negotiates marketing, labor, MLB maintains a unique, controlling relationship over the sport, including most aspects of Minor League Baseball. This ruling has been weakened only slightly in subsequent years, the weakened ruling granted more stability to the owners of teams and has resulted in values increasing at double-digit rates. There were several challenges to MLBs primacy in the sport between the 1870s and the Federal League in 1916, the last attempt at a new league was the aborted Continental League in 1960. The chief executive of MLB is the commissioner, Rob Manfred, the chief operating officer is Tony Petitti. There are five other executives, president, chief officer, chief legal officer, chief financial officer. The multimedia branch of MLB, which is based in Manhattan, is MLB Advanced Media and this branch oversees MLB. com and each of the 30 teams websites. Its charter states that MLB Advanced Media holds editorial independence from the league, MLB Productions is a similarly structured wing of the league, focusing on video and traditional broadcast media
11.
Carlisle Indians football
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The Carlisle Indians football team represented the Carlisle Indian Industrial School in intercollegiate football competition. The program was active from 1893 until 1917, when it was discontinued, during the programs 25 years, the Indians compiled a 167–88–13 record and 0.647 winning percentage, which makes it the most successful defunct major college football program. During the early 20th century, Carlisle was a football powerhouse. Several notable players and coaches were associated with the team, including Pop Warner, the Carlisle Indian Industrial School was founded in 1879 by an American cavalry officer, Richard Henry Pratt, in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Its purpose was to facilitate the assimilation of the Native American population into mainstream American society, in 1893, the Indians played their first season recognized by the NCAA. The Indians were consistently outsized by the teams they scheduled, and they in turn relied on speed, carlisles playbook gave rise to many trick plays and other innovations that are now commonplace in American football. The overhand spiral throw and hand-off fake are both credited to Carlisle, other strategems caused the National Collegiate Athletic Association to institute rules specifically prohibiting them. In 1903, an Indian team coached by Pop Warner first employed its infamous hidden-ball play against heavily favored Harvard, Warner, as coach at Cornell, had already used it against Penn State in 1897, but it had not achieved much notice. Carlisle led Harvard at halftime, and hoping to keep the games momentum, Harvard executed the kick, and the Indians formed a circle around the returner. With the aid of a specially altered jersey, the ball was placed up the back of the returner, the Indians broke the huddle and spread out in different directions. Each player feigned carrying the ball, except Dillon, the man with the ball up the back of his jersey, the ruse confused the Crimson players, and they scrambled to find the ball carrier. Dillon, with both his hands free, was ignored by the searching Harvard players, and he ran unmolested into the end zone, with the score, Carlisle extended its lead to 11–0, but Harvard came back and eventually won 12–11. Nevertheless, the match, and trick play, resulted in national attention. Warner had learned the trick from John Heisman while facing Auburn in 1895 during his tenure as coach of the Georgia Bulldogs, in 1907, Jim Thorpe, undersized even for the Indians, persuaded Warner to allow him to try out for the team. Thorpe immediately impressed his coach and secured a position on the team. On October 26,1907, Jim Thorpe and Carlisle trounced a powerful University of Pennsylvania team, 26–6, after graduating from Carlisle, he went on to stardom in numerous athletic endeavors, including as an Olympic athlete and professional player in football, baseball, and basketball. In 1911, the Indians posted an 11–1 record, which included one of the greatest upsets in football history. Against Harvard, Thorpe scored all of the Indians points in an upset over the period powerhouse
12.
Cornell Big Red football
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It is one of the oldest and most storied football programs in the nation. The team has attained five national championships and has had seven players inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame, in 1869, the first intramural football on the Cornell campus took place, although it did not resemble the modern sport and there were 40 players per side. In 1874, the university president and founder, Andrew Dickson White, disallowed a team of Cornell students from traveling to Cleveland, White said, I refuse to let 40 of our boys travel 400 miles merely to agitate a bag of wind. On November 12,1887, Cornell played its first intercollegiate game against Union College, the following year, the Cornellians record their first win by beating Palmyra, 26–0, and went on to finish the season with a 4–2 record. In 1889, Cornell played the University of Michigan in Buffalo, NY, in 1892, Glenn Pop Warner first played the game and the Cornellians finished the season having posted a 10–1 mark under Father of Cornell football Carl Johanson. Two years later Warner rose to become the team captain, after college, Warner began his coaching career and returned to Cornell in 1897. That year, he led the team to a 5–3–1 record, the following season, Cornell compiled a 10–2 record. Warner then moved on to coach the Carlisle Indians football team, in 1901, under first-year coach Ray Starbuck, the Cornellians outscored their opponents 324–38 and won 11 games for the only time in school history. Pop Warner returned as coach from 1904 to 1906, during which time his teams posted a 21–8 record. Cornell began playing Ivy League rival Penn in 1893 and they have played 122 times since, in every year except 1918, making this game the 5th most played college football contest in the nation. In 1915, Cornell won all nine of its games and they handed Harvard their first loss in 50 consecutive games, 10–0. Gil Dobie took over as coach in 1920. In his first season, the Cornellians posted a 6–2 record, Cornell was awarded the national championship for each of those three seasons by at least one selector. In those seasons, Cornell outscored its opponents,1,051 points to 71, Cornell defeated Penn State, 21–6, in 1938 to begin a school record unbeaten streak of 16 games. The Big Red compiled an 8–0 record in 1939 for its national championship. The possibility of a Rose Bowl invitation that season was rebuffed by the university administration, the unbeaten streak came to an end in 1940 with the infamous Fifth Down Game. After the game, Cornell voluntarily forfeited to Dartmouth when review of film showed the Big Red had inadvertently used five downs, the ESPN College Football Encyclopedia named the game, and Cornells honorable concession, the second greatest moment in college football history. In 1951, Cornell beat defending Big Ten and Rose Bowl champion Michigan, between 1969 and 1971, running back Ed Marinaro broke numerous NCAA records with a career total of 1,881 yards and 24 touchdowns
13.
Georgia Bulldogs football
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The Georgia Bulldogs football program represents the University of Georgia in the sport of American football. The Bulldogs compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision of the National Collegiate Athletic Association and they play their home games at historic Sanford Stadium on the universitys Athens, Georgia, campus. Georgias inaugural season was in 1892, UGA claims two national championships, the AP and Coaches Polls have each voted the Bulldogs the national champion once. UGA declines to claim four national championships awarded by some selecting organizations and publications. The Bulldogs have won 14 conference championships, including 12 SEC Championships, and have appeared in 52 bowl games, the program has also produced two Heisman Trophy winners, four No.1 National Football League draft picks, and many winners of other national awards. The team is known for its history, unique traditions. Georgia was a member of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association. Georgia participated in the SIAA from its establishment in 1895 until 1921, during its tenure in the SIAA, Georgia was conference co-champion in two years,1896 and 1920. In 1921, the Bulldogs, along with 12 other teams, left the SIAA, during its time in the Southern Conference, the team never won a conference championship. In 1932, the Georgia Bulldogs left the Southern Conference to form and join the SEC, the first mention of Bulldogs in association with Georgia athletics occurred on November 28,1901, at the Georgia-Auburn football game played in Atlanta. Traditionally, the choice of a Bulldog as the UGA mascot was attributed to the alma mater of its founders and first president, Abraham Baldwin, prior to that time, Georgia teams were usually known as the Red and Black. After a 0-0 tie with Virginia in Charlottesville on Nov.6,1920, the name has been used ever since. Uga is the name of a lineage of white Bulldogs which have served as the mascot of the University of Georgia since 1956. The current mascot, Que, officially took the role of Uga X on October 23,2015, shortly before Uga IX, or Russ, deceased Ugas are interred in a mausoleum near the main entrance to Sanford Stadium. Georgia is the school to bury its past mascots inside the football stadium. Glory, Glory is the song for the Georgia Bulldogs and was sung at football games as early as the 1890s. The rally song was arranged in its current form by Georgia professor Hugh Hodgson in 1915, while Glory, Glory is the most commonly played Georgia song, the schools official fight song is Hail To Georgia which is played after field goals. Today, freshmen are no longer required to do the chore, with students, alumni, how bout them Dawgs is a slogan of recent vintage that first surfaced in the late 1970s and has become a battle cry of Bulldog fans
14.
Jim Thorpe
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James Francis Thorpe was an American athlete and Olympic gold medalist. A member of the Sac and Fox Nation, Thorpe became the first Native American to win a medal for his home country. Considered one of the most versatile athletes of modern sports, he won Olympic gold medals in the 1912 pentathlon and decathlon, and played American football, professional baseball, in 1983,30 years after his death, the International Olympic Committee restored his Olympic medals. Thorpe grew up in the Sac and Fox Nation in Oklahoma, and attended Carlisle Indian Industrial School, after his Olympic success in 1912, which included a record score in the decathlon, he added a victory in the All-Around Championship of the Amateur Athletic Union. In 1913, Thorpe signed with the New York Giants, Thorpe joined the Canton Bulldogs American football team in 1915, helping them win three professional championships, he later played for six teams in the National Football League. He played as part of several all-American Indian teams throughout his career, from 1920 to 1921, Thorpe was nominally the first president of the American Professional Football Association, which became the NFL in 1922. He played professional sports until age 41, the end of his sports career coinciding with the start of the Great Depression and he struggled to earn a living after that, working several odd jobs. He suffered from alcoholism, and lived his last years in failing health and he was married three times and had eight children, before suffering from heart failure and dying in 1953. Thorpe has received accolades for his athletic accomplishments. The Associated Press named him the greatest athlete from the first 50 years of the 20th century, a Pennsylvania town was named in his honor and a monument site there is the site of his remains, which were the subject of legal action. Thorpe was portrayed in the 1951 film Jim Thorpe – All-American, information about Thorpes birth, name and ethnic background varies widely. He was baptized Jacobus Franciscus Thorpe in the Catholic Church, Thorpe was born in Indian Territory, but no birth certificate has been found. He was generally considered to have born on May 22,1887, near the town of Prague. Hope this will clear up the inquiries as to my birthplace, however, most biographers believe that he was born on May 22,1887, as that is what is listed on his baptismal certificate. Bellemont was a community, now disappeared, on the line between Pottawatomie and Lincoln Counties. While the town of Prague, Lincoln County, now claims to be the birthplace of Thorpe, All his personal references were either Shawnee or Pott County. The Sac and Fox agency is in Stroud, Lincoln County, Thorpes parents were both of mixed-race ancestry. His father, Hiram Thorpe, had an Irish father and a Sac and his mother, Charlotte Vieux, had a French father and a Potawatomi mother, a descendant of Chief Louis Vieux
15.
Center (gridiron football)
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Center is a position in American football and Canadian football. The center is the innermost lineman of the line on a football teams offense. The center is also the player who passes the ball between his legs to the quarterback at the start of each play, in recent years, the importance of centers for a football team has increased, due to the re-emergence of 3-4 defenses. According to Baltimore Ravens general manager Ozzie Newsome, you need to have somebody who can neutralize that nose tackle, if you dont, everything can get screwed up. Your running game wont be effective and youll also have somebody in your quarterbacks face on every play, the centers first and primary role is to pass the football to the quarterback. This exchange is called a snap, most offensive schemes make adjustments based on how the defensive line and linebackers align themselves in relation to the offensive line, and what gaps they line up in. Because the center has a view of the defensive formation before the snap. This call is typically based on the position of the linemen or linebackers in his gaps. In some cases the center may call an adjustment for the offensive line. This was taken to an extreme by the Indianapolis Colts in the early 21st century, the center is therefore usually the most intelligent player on the offensive line, which is critical to a centers success. After the snap, the center performs blocking assignments, the blocking assignments vary by offense but typically consist of the following, Run blocking assignments will vary based on the current play and the defensive formation when the ball is snapped. Typically, these assignments consist of the following, Blocking middle or backside linebackers in certain formations, assisting guards in their blocking assignments. This may be a center/guard double-team where the center and guard are assigned to the target to get extra push or drive. Assistance may also be just a quick hit or chip to throw the player off balance and help the guard to execute his block. Backside blocking of defensive tackles for pulling guards, in some offensive schemes, certain plays will involve pulling an offensive lineman to block for the ball carrier. If a guard needs to pull for a block, the center will typically block the defensive tackle in order to fill the guards void, pass blocking for a center is similar to run blocking for a center. The center will initially help guards based on the position of the defensive linemen, in the case of a blitz, the center may need to pick up a rushing linebacker, safety or corner. A good center also needs to stay vigilant during pass blocking to protect against defensive stunts and twists, on most plays, the center will snap the ball directly into the quarterbacks hands
16.
Bob Peck (American football)
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Bob Peck was an American football player who most famously played center for the Pittsburgh Panthers, where he was a three-time All-American. Peck was a prominent center for Pop Warners Pitt Panthers and he was selected as a first-team All-American in each of 1914,1915, and 1916. Peck also won national championships in 1915 and 1916. In 1917 he played in the Ohio League, the predecessor to the modern National Football League for the Youngstown Patricians. That season he earned first team all-pro honors, in 1920, Peck played for the Fort Wayne Friars in the teams victory over the Columbus Panhandles. Following his time at Pitt, he served as the Athletic director at Culver Military Academy until his death attributed to heart disease in 1932. He was posthumously elected to the College Football Hall of Fame in 1954
17.
1915 College Football All-America Team
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The 1915 College Football All-America team is composed of college football players who were selected as All-Americans for the 1915 college football season. Although not recognized by the NCAA, many sports writers, newspapers. They include Parke H. Davis, Walter Eckersall, and Fielding H. Yost, at the end of the 1915 season, Runyon noted the difficulty in picking an All-America team when most of those doing so had only seen a fraction of the players. Accordingly, Runyon chose not to call his list and All-America team, ER = Eddie N. Robinson, head coach of the Brown Bears football team. JI = Jonas H. Ingram, head coach of the Navy football team
18.
End (gridiron football)
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An end in American and Canadian football is a player who lines up at either end of the line of scrimmage, usually beside the tackles. Rules state that an offensive formation must always consist of seven players on the line of scrimmage. The position was used in this sense until roughly the 1960s, on offense, an end who lines up close to the other linemen is known as a tight end and is the only lineman who aside from blocking can run or catch passes. One who lines up some distance from the line is known as a split end. In recent years and the proliferation of the pass, the generic term wide receiver has come to define both split ends and flankers. The terms “split end” and “flanker” are often ditched today for terms like X and Z receivers, bill Carpenter was the first Lonesome end. On defense, there is a commonly used position called the defensive end and its primary role is to rush the passer, as well as to stop offensive runs to the outer edges of the line of scrimmage. However, as there are no rules regulating the formation of the defense, players at this position commonly take on, don Hutson of the Alabama Crimson Tide and the Green Bay Packers was one of the sports greatest. The self described other end opposite Hutson in college at Alabama was legendary coach Bear Bryant, gaynell Tinsley was another prominent of Hutsons time. Amos Alonzo Stagg of Yale and Arthur Cumnock of Harvard were ends on the first All-America team, Stagg went on to a hall of fame coaching career, some called Cumnock the greatest Harvard player of all time. Mike Ditka and Ron Sellers were some of the last to play the position in college, glossary of American football History of American football positions Tight end Defensive end Wide receiver
19.
James P. Herron
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James Patrick Pat Herron was an American football player and coach. He played at end for the University of Pittsburghs football team from 1913 to 1916, a member of the Panthers undefeated national championship teams coached by Pop Warner in 1915 and 1916, Herron earned first team All-American honors in 1916. Following graduation, Herron served as first assistant coach to Warner before being leaving to become the coach at Indiana University Bloomington in 1922. He also served as the coach at Duke University in 1925 and at Washington. Herron, who earned a law degree, served in the aviation service during World War I and was credited for bringing down two German planes. Herron died at the age of 73 on December 20,1967 at Monongahela Memorial Hospital in Monongahela, james P. Herron at the College Football Data Warehouse
20.
Westminster College (Pennsylvania)
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Westminster College is a liberal arts college located in New Wilmington, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded in 1852, it is affiliated with the Presbyterian Church, the student population is approximately 1,307 undergraduate and graduate students. Westminster is located in New Wilmington, Pennsylvania, a town of 2,466 residents located 50 miles north of Pittsburgh and 80 miles south of Erie, Westminster formed as a result of a meeting on Jan. 21,1852, between the Ohio and Shenango Presbyteries, in 2009, The Washington Monthly ranked Westminster College third in social mobility among 253 liberal arts colleges. In 2010, Forbes ranked Westminster first in the nation as the Best College for Women in Science, Technology, Engineering and Math. In 2008 36% Westminsters graduating class received their degrees in the fields of science, technology, engineering and math --and unusually, the student population is 1,307 undergraduate and graduate students. The college offers 40 majors and nearly 100 organizations, the Westminster Titans compete in NCAA Division III athletics. Before moving to the NCAA, Westminster competed in the NAIA for many years, for a brief period, Westminster was a member of the NCAA Division II Great Lakes Intercollegiate Athletic Conference. The Titans currently are a member of the Presidents Athletic Conference, the first official football game by the Westminster Titans was in December 1891. The next year was the first official season, they played 4 games that year, over the next 100 plus years the Titans have had a record of 577–406–54. They are one of only 10 schools to record over 575 wins in school history and they have won the national championship 6 times with 11 undefeated seasons. Four former Titans football players have been enshrined in the College Football Hall of Fame, Harold Davis, Joe Fusco, Larry Pugh, Hall of Fame head coach Tuss McLaughry was not an alumnus but did coach the Titans for four years. The current head coach of the Titans is Scott Benzel. Westminster has two publications and three student publications. The student publications include The Holcad, a weekly newspaper, Argo, the student-run yearbook, and Scrawl. Westminsters radio station, Titan Radio serves Lawrence County, Pennsylvania, the station streams online on titanradio. net and features a hot adult contemporary format. The station is programmed and managed by students for the campus, Titan Radio broadcasts home football games for Wilmington Area High School during the regular season. The station also broadcasts regular season games for the Westminster Titans live on the air
21.
Pittsburgh
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Pittsburgh is a city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in the United States, and is the county seat of Allegheny County. The city proper has a population of 304,391. The metropolitan population of 2,353,045 is the largest in both the Ohio Valley and Appalachia, the second-largest in Pennsylvania, and the 26th-largest in the U. S. The city features 30 skyscrapers, two inclines, a fortification and the Point State Park at the confluence of the rivers. Aside from steel, Pittsburgh has led in manufacturing of aluminum, glass, shipbuilding, petroleum, foods, sports, transportation, computing, autos, and electronics. For part of the 20th century, Pittsburgh was behind only New York and Chicago in corporate headquarters employment, Americas 1980s deindustrialization laid off area blue-collar workers and thousands of downtown white-collar workers when the longtime Pittsburgh-based world headquarters moved out. The area has served also as the federal agency headquarters for cyber defense, software engineering, robotics, energy research. The area is home to 68 colleges and universities, including research and development leaders Carnegie Mellon University, the region is a hub for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design, sustainable energy, and energy extraction. Pittsburgh was named in 1758 by General John Forbes, in honor of British statesman William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham. The current pronunciation, which is unusual in English speaking countries, is almost certainly a result of a printing error in some copies of the City Charter of March 18,1816. The error was repeated commonly enough throughout the rest of the 19th century that the pronunciation was lost. After a public campaign the original spelling was restored by the United States Board on Geographic Names in 1911. The area of the Ohio headwaters was long inhabited by the Shawnee, the first known European to enter the region was the French explorer/trader Robert de La Salle from Quebec during his 1669 expedition down the Ohio River. European pioneers, primarily Dutch, followed in the early 18th century, Michael Bezallion was the first to describe the forks of the Ohio in a 1717 manuscript, and later that year European fur traders established area posts and settlements. In 1749, French soldiers from Quebec launched an expedition to the forks to unite Canada with French Louisiana via the rivers, during 1753–54, the British hastily built Fort Prince George before a larger French force drove them off. The French built Fort Duquesne based on LaSalles 1669 claims, the French and Indian War, the North American front of the Seven Years War, began with the future Pittsburgh as its center. British General Edward Braddock was dispatched with Major George Washington as his aide to take Fort Duquesne, the British and colonial force were defeated at Braddocks Field. General John Forbes finally took the forks in 1758, Forbes began construction on Fort Pitt, named after William Pitt the Elder while the settlement was named Pittsborough
22.
Worden Field
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Worden Field is a large grass field located on the campus of the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland. First mentioned in 1890, the served as the home stadium for the academys Midshipmen football team from that year through 1923. Since the early 1900s, the field has hosted all of the various yearly parades. It has progressively grown smaller, due to the addition of buildings, the field is bordered on all four sides by small academy roads. On two of its sides, it is surrounded by officers quarters and is bounded by a parking lot and it has rows of bleachers located along its south side and has long contained a small gazebo on its east side. A small historical marker is located on the southwest corner, it is used regularly for drills, the field is named for Admiral John Lorimer Worden, who joined the navy in 1834. He was captured by the South at the start of the Civil War and he became captain of the ironclad USS Monitor and received considerable fame after its battle with the CSS Virginia at the Battle of Hampton Roads. Worden suffered eye injuries in the battle and gave up his command and he was the superintendent of the academy for five years, and died in 1897, a few years after the field was named after him. The Navy football team played its first game against the Baltimore Athletic Club in 1879, from that year throughout the 1880s, Navy played all but one of their games at home. Writers Taylor Baldwin Kiland and Jamie Howren stated that all of the played at Annapolis were likely hosted on an unused parade or drill field. During that period, the team amassed a record of thirteen wins, twelve losses, sometime around 1890, Worden Field began operation as the football teams home field. In that year, Navy went 4–1–1 at home, ending its season with a victory of Army in the first annual Army-Navy Game. The following year, the team played its entire seven-game schedule at home, winning the first five games, in 1892, coach Ben Crosby led Navy to a 4–2 record in games played on the field. The following years team, coached by John A. Hartwell, hosted its season on the field. The final game of season, the fourth Army-Navy Game. During the game, numerous violent fistfights occurred in the fields stands and it was not reinstated until 1899, at the insisting of Theodore Roosevelt, the former Assistant Secretary of the Navy and new Governor of New York. The game did not return to Annapolis, except for special reasons in 1942 during World War II, Worden Field is located on the western side of the academy campus, very close to both the Severn River and College Creek. It is bordered on its west and south sides by the officers quarters
23.
Annapolis, Maryland
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Annapolis is the capital of the U. S. state of Maryland, as well as the county seat of Anne Arundel County. Its population was measured at 38,394 by the 2010 census, the city served as the seat of the Continental Congress in 1783–84 and was the site of the 1786 Annapolis Convention and the Annapolis Peace Conference, held in 2007. Annapolis is the home of St. Johns College as well as the United States Naval Academy, a settlement in the Province of Maryland named Providence was founded on the north shore of the Severn River in 1649 by Puritan exiles from Virginia led by Governor William Stone. The settlers later moved to a harbor on the south shore. The settlement on the shore was initially named Town at Proctors, then Town at the Severn. In 1654, after the Third English Civil War, Parliamentary forces assumed control of Maryland, per orders from Charles Calvert, fifth Lord Baltimore, Stone returned the following spring at the head of a Cavalier force. On March 25,1655, in what is known as the Battle of the Severn, Stone was defeated, taken prisoner, Fendall governed Maryland during the latter half of the Commonwealth. In 1660, he was replaced by Phillip Calvert as fifth/sixth Governor of Maryland), Annapolis was incorporated as a city in 1708. Water trades such as oyster-packing, boatbuilding and sailmaking became the chief industries. Annapolis is home to a number of recreational boats that have largely replaced the seafood industry in the city. Dr. Alexander Hamilton was a Scottish-born doctor and writer who lived and worked in Annapolis, Annapolis became the temporary capital of the United States after the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1783. For the 1783 Congress, the Governor of Maryland commissioned John Shaw, the flag is slightly different from other designs of the time. The blue field extends over the height of the hoist. Shaw created two versions of the flag, one started with a red stripe and another that started with a white one. In 1786, delegates from all states of the Union were invited to meet in Annapolis to consider measures for the regulation of commerce. Delegates from only five states—New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, New Jersey, the Philadelphia convention drafted and approved the Constitution of the United States, which is still in force. During this period, a prisoner of war camp, Camp Parole, was set up in Annapolis. As the war continued, the camp expanded to a location just west of the city
24.
Penn Quakers football
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The Penn Quakers football team is the college football team at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Penn has played in 1,364 football games, the most of any school in any division, Penn plays its home games at historic Franklin Field, the oldest stadium in football. All Penn games are broadcast on WNTP or WFIL radio, Penn bills itself as college footballs most historic program. The Quakers have had 63 First Team All-Americans, and the college is the alma mater of John Heisman, the team has won a share of 7 national championships and competed in the granddaddy of them all in 1917. Penns total of 837 wins puts them 11th all-time in college football,18 members of the College Football Hall of Fame played at Penn and 5 members of the College Football Hall of Fame coached at Penn. Penn has had 11 unbeaten seasons, Penn is one of the few college football teams to have had an exclusive contract with a network for broadcasting all their home games. For the 1950 season, ABC Sports broadcast all of Penns home games, the only other teams to have exclusive contracts are Miami and Notre Dame. The Quakers competed as an independent until 1956, when they accepted the invitation to join the Ivy League. See, NCAA #Football television controversy Penn joined the Ivy League in 1956 when it was formed, Penn won its 1st Ivy League Football Championship in 1959. It was not until 1982,23 years later, that Penn would win its 2nd Ivy League Football Championship, since that year Penn has become a dominant football power in the Ivy League. They are tied with Dartmouth in winning a record 18 Ivy League Football Championships, Penn, however, is first in outright Ivy League titles, and first in undefeated Ivy League titles. NCAA record for most college football games played -1,364, NCAA record for consecutive overtime losses -3 games Most outright Ivy League titles -13, Highest number of unbeaten Ivy League seasons -8, Longest Ivy League winning streak -20 straight games. Penn also holds the next two Longest Ivy League win streaks, record 18 Ivy League Football Championships. Penns home stadium Franklin Field is not only the oldest stadium in football, brooke - Twice All-America, College football Hall of Fame. Outland - namesake of the Outland Trophy, College Football Hall of Fame Penns total of three major award winners surpasses several BCS programs to this day. A total of 51 players from Penn have been drafted in the NFL, including NFL Hall of Famers Chuck Bednarik and Bert Bell and NFL first-round pick Skip Minisi. List of Penn Quakers in the NFL Draft Penns rivalry with Cornell is the 5th-most played college football rivalry of all time and their first game was in 1893 and have played every year since, except in 1918. Penn leads in the series, 72–46–5, since the official formation of the Ivy League in 1956 Penn has won 31 games and Cornell has won 29 games
25.
Franklin Field
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Franklin Field is the home of the Penn Relays, and is the University of Pennsylvanias stadium for football, lacrosse and formerly for soccer, field hockey and baseball. It is also used by Penn students for recreation, and for intramural and club sports, including football and cricket. It is located in Philadelphia, at the edge of Penns campus. It was formerly the field of the Philadelphia Eagles of the National Football League. Franklin Field was built for $100,000 and dedicated on April 20,1895, deemed by the NCAA as the oldest stadium still operating for football, it was the site of the nations first scoreboard in 1895. Its location was given as 37th and Spruce. Permanent Franklin Field construction did not begin until after the turn of the century, weightman Hall gymnasium, the stadium, and permanent grandstands were designed by architect Frank Miles Day & Brother and were erected from 1903 to 1905 at a cost of $500,000. The field was 714 feet long and 443 feet wide, the site featured a ¼-mile track, a football field, and a baseball diamond. Beneath the stands were indoor tracks and indoor training facilities, plans called for a new train station called Union Station which would feature a Pennsylvania Railroad stop and a stop on a proposed elevated subway line connected to the Market–Frankford Line. Architecture firm Koronski & Cameron created a rendering but plans quickly collapsed, five years later, it was decided instead to expand Franklin Field. The current stadium structure was built in the 1920s, designed by Day & Klauder, after the wooden bleachers were torn down. The lower tier was erected in 1922, the old wood stands were razed immediately following the Penn Relays and the new concrete lower tier and seating for 50,000 were built. The second tier was added in 1925, again designed by Day & Klauder, the first football radio broadcast originated from Franklin Field in 1922. It was carried by Philadelphia station WIP and this claim is pre-empted by an earlier live radio broadcast emanating from Forbes Field in Pittsburgh, on October 8,1921, a full year before Franklin Fields claim to fame. Harold W. Arlin announced the live broadcast of the Pitt-West Virginia football game on October 8,1921, the first commercial football television broadcast in 1939 also came from Franklin Field. In the universitys football heyday — when Penn led the nation in attendance — the 65, today, Franklin Field, named after Penns founder, Benjamin Franklin, seats 52,958. Franklin Field switched from grass to AstroTurf in 1969 and it was the first National Football League stadium to use artificial turf. The stadiums fifth AstroTurf surface was installed in 1993, the current Sprinturf field replaced the AstroTurf in 2004
26.
Philadelphia
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In 1682, William Penn, an English Quaker, founded the city to serve as capital of the Pennsylvania Colony. Philadelphia was one of the capitals in the Revolutionary War. In the 19th century, Philadelphia became an industrial center. It became a destination for African-Americans in the Great Migration. The areas many universities and colleges make Philadelphia a top international study destination, as the city has evolved into an educational, with a gross domestic product of $388 billion, Philadelphia ranks ninth among world cities and fourth in the nation. Philadelphia is the center of activity in Pennsylvania and is home to seven Fortune 1000 companies. The Philadelphia skyline is growing, with a market of almost 81,900 commercial properties in 2016 including several prominent skyscrapers. The city is known for its arts, culture, and rich history, Philadelphia has more outdoor sculptures and murals than any other American city. Fairmount Park, when combined with the adjacent Wissahickon Valley Park in the watershed, is one of the largest contiguous urban park areas in the United States. The 67 National Historic Landmarks in the city helped account for the $10 billion generated by tourism, Philadelphia is the only World Heritage City in the United States. Before Europeans arrived, the Philadelphia area was home to the Lenape Indians in the village of Shackamaxon, the Lenape are a Native American tribe and First Nations band government. They are also called Delaware Indians and their territory was along the Delaware River watershed, western Long Island. Most Lenape were pushed out of their Delaware homeland during the 18th century by expanding European colonies, Lenape communities were weakened by newly introduced diseases, mainly smallpox, and violent conflict with Europeans. Iroquois people occasionally fought the Lenape, surviving Lenape moved west into the upper Ohio River basin. The American Revolutionary War and United States independence pushed them further west, in the 1860s, the United States government sent most Lenape remaining in the eastern United States to the Indian Territory under the Indian removal policy. In the 21st century, most Lenape now reside in the US state of Oklahoma, with communities living also in Wisconsin, Ontario. The Dutch considered the entire Delaware River valley to be part of their New Netherland colony, in 1638, Swedish settlers led by renegade Dutch established the colony of New Sweden at Fort Christina and quickly spread out in the valley. In 1644, New Sweden supported the Susquehannocks in their defeat of the English colony of Maryland
27.
Allegheny College
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Allegheny College is a private, coeducational liberal arts college in northwestern Pennsylvania in the town of Meadville, approximately 35 miles south of Erie. Founded in 1815, Allegheny is the oldest college in existence under the same name west of the Allegheny Mountains. Allegheny is a member of the Great Lakes Colleges Association and the North Coast Athletic Conference, Allegheny was founded in April 1815 by the Reverend Timothy Alden, a graduate of Harvards School of Divinity. The college was affiliated with the United Methodist Church after 1833. The first class, consisting of four students, began their studies on July 4,1816. Within six years, Alden accumulated sufficient funds to building a campus. The first building erected, the library, was designed by Alden himself, Bentley Hall is named in honor of Dr. William Bentley, who donated his private library to the College, a collection of considerable value and significance. In 1824, Thomas Jefferson wrote to Alden, expressing the hope that his University of Virginia could someday possess the richness of Alleghenys library, Alden served as president of the college until 1831, when financial and enrollment difficulties forced his resignation. Ruter Hall was built in 1853, Allegheny began admitting women in 1870, early for a US college, a woman was valedictorian of the Allegheny class of 1875. One source suggests that Ida Tarbell, the pioneering journalist who exposed the practices of Rockefellers Standard Oil Company, was the first woman to attend Allegheny. In 1905, Allegheny built Alden Hall as a new and improved preparatory school, over the decades, the college has grown in size and significance while still maintaining ties to the community. In 1971 the film Been Down So Long It Looks Like Up to Me based on the Richard Farina novel was filmed on college grounds. While the word Allegheny is a brand for the college, it is also the name of a county, a river, and a range. For example, Allegheny objected in 2006 when Penn State tried to rename one of its campuses Allegheny, Allegheny president Richard Cook said Allegheny was our brand. It sued the Philadelphias Allegheny Health and Research Foundation in 1997 to change its name, under president Richard J. Cook, Allegheny was reported to have had a stronger endowment, optimal enrollment, record retention rates, innovative new programs and many physical campus improvements. These years were marked by growth in the endowment, marked by a $115-million fund-raising drive. In February 2008, James H. Mullen Jr. was named the 21st president of Allegheny and he took office Aug.1,2008. The college and the town cooperate in many ways, one study suggested the Allegheny College generates approximately $93 million annually into Meadville and the local economy
28.
Carnegie Mellon Tartans football
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The Carnegie Mellon Tartans football team represents Carnegie Mellon University in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division III competition. On November 28,1926, the 6–2 Carnegie Tech football team shut out Knute Rocknes undefeated Notre Dame Fighting Irish 19–0 at Forbes Field and it would be the only loss for the Irish all season and only the second time they allowed a touchdown that season. The game was ranked the fourth-greatest upset in college football history by ESPN, in the 1930s Carnegie Tech was among the top football programs in the country. In 1938 and 1939 the team achieved rankings in the AP Poll. Carnegie Tech earned a January 1 bowl game following their 1938 campaign in the Sugar Bowl losing 15–7 to TCU. In the last game of the 1948 season, the team beat Grove City, 7–0, the team improved over the next six years, culminating in the first undefeated season in school history in 1954. That team was led by quarterback Guy Carricato, halfback Eddy Miller and end Chuck Luchok, in addition to winning a playoff game, several team members were elected to the All American and All Region Squads. The 2006 team won games in a single season than any other team in school history. The current coach is Rich Lackner, who is also a graduate of Carnegie Mellon and who has been the head coach since 1986
