1.
Pacific Coast Hockey Association
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The PCHA was considered to be a major league of ice hockey and was important in the development of the sport of professional ice hockey through its innovations. The league was started by the Patrick family, professional players from Montreal, building new arenas in Vancouver and Victoria. After a few years of play, the league was accepted by the Stanley Cup trustees as being of a high standard that teams from its league were accepted for Stanley Cup challenges. Starting in 1915, the league entered into an agreement where the Stanley Cup was to be contested between the National Hockey Association and the PCHA after the seasons were finished. The league struggled to make money, and various teams moved into different cities in an attempt to be successful financially, eventually, the league, to survive, merged with the WCHL in 1924. After playing for the Renfrew Millionaires in 1910, players Frank Patrick and Lester Patrick moved west to Nelson, after Joe decided to sell the business in January 1911, the Patricks decided then to form a new professional ice hockey league, risking the family fortune. The decision was made to put new rinks in Vancouver and Victoria, British Columbia, locations which necessitated the use of artificial ice, three teams, the New Westminster Royals, the Victoria Senators, and the Vancouver Millionaires would be formed. The Patricks moved quickly, buying property for the arenas in February, ground was broken for the arenas in April and the arenas were completed in December. Victorias arena seated 4,000, and cost $110,000, all players were paid by the league, unlike the NHA with its competing teams. The PCHA distributed players amongst the teams, Newsy Lalonde of the Canadiens would be the most notable player to move west, to play for Vancouver. The league was organized on December 7,1911 to be run by Frank and Lester. The Victoria arena would open to the public on Christmas Day 1911, the first league championship for the Patterson Cup trophy was won by the New Westminster Royals. The league did not challenge for the Stanley Cup the first year, despite the raiding of the NHA, a March 1912 west coast tour of the NHAs all-stars was arranged, billed as a sort of World Series of hockey. The NHA all-stars included Cyclone Taylor, a name in the East. After the PCHA all-stars won the first two games 10–4 and 5–1, leaving the outcome in no doubt, the NHA manager Art Ross decided to let Taylor play at the Patricks request. Taylor would put on a display of ice hockey prowess for the British Columbia fans. For the 1912–13 season the PCHA continued to raid the east for players, besides Taylor, Goldie Prodgers, Eddie Oatman, Jack McDonald and Ernie Johnson moved out west, although Newsy Lalonde returned to Montreal. The New Westminster rink, to be built by local interests, was not ready, Victoria would win the season and the club arranged for an exhibition series of the Stanley Cup champion Quebec Bulldogs
2.
Seattle Metropolitans
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The Seattle Metropolitans were a professional ice hockey team based in Seattle, Washington which played in the Pacific Coast Hockey Association from 1915 to 1924. They won the Stanley Cup in 1917, becoming the first United States team to do so, eleven years before the NHLs American franchise, the Metropolitans played their home games at the Seattle Ice Arena. The Metropolitans were formed in 1915 as an expansion team, to stock the team, the Toronto Blueshirts of the National Hockey Association was raided. The Blueshirts had won the Stanley Cup in 1914 and this provided Seattle with a competitive squad. The Blueshirts players who moved to Seattle were Eddie Carpenter, Frank Foyston, Hap Holmes, Jack Walker, Seattle won the 1917 championship by defeating the National Hockey Associations Montreal Canadiens three games to one by a combined score of 23 to 11. Fourteen of Seattles goals were scored by Bernie Morris, games one and three were played under PCHA rules, i. e. seven players per side, forward passing in the neutral zone, and no substitution for penalized players. Games two and four were played under NHA rules, i. e. six players per side, no forward passing, after winning the 1917 Stanley Cup the Metropolitans also played in the Stanley Cup finals in 1919 and 1920, when they lost to the Ottawa Senators. During the 1920 Stanley Cup finals, the Ottawa Senators would don solid white Jerseys to avoid confusion with Seattles barber pole style of green, red and white. The 1920 Series was subsequently relocated from Ottawa to Torontos mutual artificial ice surface at Torontos Mutual Street Arena due to ice conditions. The PCHA consisted of four teams for the 1915-16 and 1916-17 seasons, from 1922-23, games against the Western Canada Hockey League counted in the PCHA standings. This allowed Seattle to have a record yet still win the league regular season championship in 1924. In 1924, the Seattle team folded and the PCHA ceased to operate, in its final season, the team had an average of 1000 fans per game in attendance. Arena owners subsequently did not renew the teams lease, the remaining teams of Vancouver and Victoria joined the WCHL for the 1924-1925 season. On December 5,2015, the Seattle Thunderbirds held a special Seattle Metropolitans Night to celebrate 100 years of Seattle hockey, during the game, the team wore replicas of the original Metropolitans jersey and temporarily changed the team name to the Seattle Metropolitans. The final score was a 3-2 Metropolitans win over the Tri-City Americans
3.
Stanley Cup
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The Stanley Cup is the championship trophy awarded annually to the National Hockey League playoff winner. The first Cup was awarded in 1893 to Montreal HC, and subsequent winners from 1893 to 1914 were determined by challenge games, Professional teams first became eligible to challenge for the Stanley Cup in 1906. After a series of mergers and folds, it was established as the de facto championship trophy of the NHL in 1926. There are actually three Stanley Cups, the bowl of the Dominion Hockey Challenge Cup, the authenticated Presentation Cup. The NHL has maintained control over both the trophy itself and its associated trademarks. Nevertheless, the NHL does not actually own the trophy, the original bowl was made of silver and is 18.5 centimetres in height and 29 centimetres in diameter. The current Stanley Cup, topped with a copy of the bowl, is made of a silver and nickel alloy, it has a height of 89.54 centimetres. Unlike the trophies awarded by the major professional sports leagues of North America. Originally, the winners kept it until a new champion was crowned, currently, winning teams get the Stanley Cup during the summer and a limited number of days during the season. It is unusual among trophies to include winning members names, every year since 1924, a select portion of the winning players, coaches, management, and club staff names are engraved on its bands. However, there is not enough room to include all the players and non-players, initially a new band added each year, though this caused the trophy to grow in size, earning the nickname Stovepipe Cup. In 1958 the modern one-piece Cup was designed with a barrel which could contain 13 winning teams per band. To prevent the Stanley Cup from growing, when the band is full, the oldest band is removed and preserved in the Hockey Hall of Fame. It has been referred to as The Cup, Lord Stanleys Cup, The Holy Grail, the Stanley Cup is surrounded by numerous legends and traditions, the oldest of which is the celebratory drinking of champagne out of the cup by the winning team. Since the 1914–15 season, the Cup has been won a combined 100 times by 18 active NHL teams, prior to that, the challenge cup was held by nine different teams. The Montreal Canadiens have won the Cup a record 24 times and are the most recent Canadian-based team to win the cup, the Stanley Cup was not awarded in 1919 because of a Spanish flu epidemic, and in 2005, as a consequence of the 2004–05 NHL lockout. After the Lord Stanley of Preston was appointed by Queen Victoria as Governor General of Canada on June 11,1888, he, Stanley was first exposed to the game at Montreals 1889 Winter Carnival, where he saw the Montreal Victorias play the Montreal Hockey Club. The Montreal Gazette reported that he expressed his delight with the game of hockey
4.
Montreal Canadiens
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The Montreal Canadiens are a professional ice hockey team based in Montreal, Quebec. They are members of the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference of the National Hockey League, the clubs official name is le Club de hockey Canadien. The team is referred to in English and French as the Habs. French nicknames for the team include Les Canadiens, Le Bleu-Blanc-Rouge, La Sainte-Flanelle, Le Tricolore, Les Glorieux, Les Habitants, Le CH and Le Grand Club. Founded in 1909, the Canadiens are the longest continuously operating professional ice hockey team worldwide, the franchise is one of the Original Six teams, a description used for the teams that made up the NHL from 1942 until the 1967 expansion. The teams championship season in 1992–93 was the last time a Canadian team won the Stanley Cup, the Canadiens have won the Stanley Cup more times than any other franchise. They have won 24 Stanley Cups,22 of them since 1927, on a percentage basis, as of 2014, the franchise has won 25. Since 1996, the Canadiens have played their games at Centre Bell. The team previously played at the Montreal Forum which housed the team for seven decades and all, the Canadiens were founded by J. Ambrose OBrien on December 4,1909, as a charter member of the National Hockey Association, the forerunner to the National Hockey League. It was to be the team of the community in Montreal, composed of francophone players. The teams first season was not a success, as they placed last, after the first year, ownership was transferred to George Kennedy of Montreal and the teams fortunes improved over the next seasons. The team won its first Stanley Cup championship in the 1915–16 season, in 1917, with four other NHA teams, the Canadiens formed the NHL, and they won their first NHL Stanley Cup during the 1923–24 season, led by Howie Morenz. The team moved from the Mount Royal Arena to the Montreal Forum for the 1926–27 season, the club began the 1930s decade successfully, with Stanley Cup wins in 1930 and 1931. The Canadiens and its rival, the Montreal Maroons, declined both on the ice and economically during the Great Depression. Losses grew to the point where the team owners considering selling the team to interests in Cleveland, Ohio, the Maroons still suspended operations, and several of their players moved to the Canadiens. Led by the Punch Line of Maurice Rocket Richard, Toe Blake and Elmer Lach in the 1940s, the Canadiens added ten more championships in 15 seasons from 1965 to 1979, with another dynastic run of four-straight Cups from 1976 to 1979. In the 1976–77 season, the Canadiens set two still-standing team records — for most points, with 132, and fewest losses, by losing eight games in an 80-game season. The next season, 1977–78, the team had a 28-game unbeaten streak, scotty Bowman, who would later set a record for most NHL victories by a coach, was the teams head coach for its last five Stanley Cup victories in the 1970s
5.
National Hockey Association
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The National Hockey Association, officially the National Hockey Association of Canada Limited, was a professional ice hockey organization with teams in Ontario and Quebec, Canada. It is the predecessor to todays National Hockey League. Founded in 1909 by Ambrose OBrien, the NHA introduced six-man hockey by removing the rover position in 1911, during its lifetime, the league coped with competition for players with the rival Pacific Coast Hockey Association, the enlistment of players for World War I and disagreements between owners. The disagreements between owners came to a head in 1917, when the NHA suspended operations in order to get rid of an unwanted owner. The remaining NHA team owners started the NHL in parallel as a measure, to continue play while negotiations went on with Livingstone. A year later, after no progress was reached with Livingstone, the NHAs rules, constitution and trophies were continued in the NHL. In November 1909, the Eastern Canada Hockey Association, holder of the Stanley Cup, the Montreal Wanderers team of the ECHA had been bought by P. J. Doran, owner of the Jubilee Rink in Montreal and he intended to move the teams games there. The Jubilee was smaller than the Wanderers current rink, the Montreal Arena which meant visiting teams would earn less on their trips to play the Wanderers. On November 25,1909, the teams in the league disbanded the ECHA and formed the new Canadian Hockey Association. The team had applied to the Stanley Cup trustees as champions of the Federal League, at the November 25 CHA founding meeting, held at the Windsor Hotel in Montreal, OBrien applied to join the CHA but the application was rejected. Sitting in the lobby of the hotel after the CHA meeting, OBrien met Jimmy Gardner of the Wanderers, together, they decided to form their own league, the National Hockey Association. At the same time, to build a rivalry and capture francophone interest in Montreal, OBrien and Gardner conceived of creating a team consisting of francophone players, to be managed by francophones. In all, OBrien and his father, Michael John OBrien, were financing four teams in the league, the Renfrew Creamery Kings, Cobalt, Haileybury, the Cobalt and Haileybury clubs were from the Timiskaming Professional Hockey League and Renfrew from the Federal Hockey League. Along with the Wanderers, the league had five teams, the OBriens were determined to win the Stanley Cup and a bidding war for players immediately started. Frank Patrick and Lester Patrick were each signed by the Renfrew Millionaires for $3,000 apiece, Renfrew also signed star player Cyclone Taylor of the champion Ottawa Senators team, reputedly at $5,000 per season. Attendance at the CHA games was poor and a meeting of the NHA was held on January 15,1910 to discuss a merger of the two leagues. Instead, the NHA admitted Ottawa and the Montreal Shamrocks to the NHA, the owners of the Montreal Le National were offered the ownership of the Canadiens but turned it down. The Quebec Bulldogs and the teams of the CHA were not even considered for membership
6.
Victoria Cougars
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The Victoria Cougars were a major league professional ice hockey team that played in the Pacific Coast Hockey Association from 1911 to 1924, and in the Western Hockey League from 1924 to 1926. The team was based in Victoria, British Columbia, the original Victoria franchise of the PCHA, the Senators, were formed in 1911, and became the Aristocrats in 1913. That incarnation is best known for defeating the Stanley Cup champion Quebec Bulldogs in a 1913 exhibition series, the Aristocrats officially challenged the Toronto Blueshirts for the Cup the following year, but lost. In 1916 the team was forced to move to Spokane, Washington, the club folded the following year as the Spokane Canaries. A new team was formed in 1918 and again were dubbed the Aristocrats, in 1922 they changed their name to the Victoria Cougars. Led by coach Lester Patrick, the Cougars would finally win a Stanley Cup in 1925 against the Montreal Canadiens of the National Hockey League. The Cougars were the last non-NHL team to hoist the Stanley Cup as well as the last west coast team to win the Cup until the Anaheim Ducks won the Cup in 2007. They would attempt to repeat as champions in 1926 but they were unsuccessful as they lost the series to the NHLs Montreal Maroons. The WHL dissolved the year and the rights to many players from the Stanley Cup finalist team were purchased and relocated to Detroit. The new NHL franchise would retain the nickname Cougars in tribute, the Detroit Cougars would later be renamed the Detroit Falcons, and would ultimately be renamed the Detroit Red Wings. Among the notable players who wore the uniform of the Cougars were Hall of Famers Hec Fowler, Frank Foyston, Frank Fredrickson, Hap Holmes, Clem Loughlin, Harry Meeking and Jack Walker. All players and the manager were included on the new ring, List of ice hockey teams in British Columbia List of Stanley Cup champions Victoria Aristocrats of the PCHA Victoria Cougars of the PCHA Victoria Cougars of the WCHL & WHL
7.
Spokane, Washington
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Spokane is a city in the state of Washington, in the northwestern United States. It is the seat of Spokane County, and the economic and cultural center of the Spokane Metropolitan Area, the Greater Spokane Area, the city, along with the whole Inland Northwest, is served by Spokane International Airport,5 miles west of downtown Spokane. According to the 2010 Census, Spokane had a population of 208,916, making it the second largest city in Washington and the 102nd largest city in the United States. The first humans to live in the area, the Spokane people, known as the birthplace of Fathers Day, Spokane is officially nicknamed the Lilac City. David Thompson explored the area with the expansion and establishment of the North West Companys Spokane House in 1810. This trading post was the first long-term European settlement in Washington, completion of the Northern Pacific Railway in 1881 brought settlers to the Spokane area, and that same year it was officially incorporated as a city with the name of Spokan Falls. In the late 19th century, gold and silver were discovered in the Inland Northwest, the local economy depended on mining, timber, and agriculture until the 1980s. Spokane hosted the first environmentally themed Worlds Fair at Expo 74, many of the older Romanesque Revival-style buildings in the downtown area were designed by architect Kirtland Kelsey Cutter after the Great Fire of 1889. The city also features Riverfront and Manito parks, the Smithsonian-affiliated Northwest Museum of Arts and Culture, the Davenport Hotel, and the Fox and Bing Crosby theaters. The Cathedral of Our Lady of Lourdes serves as the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Spokane, the Cathedral of St. John the Evangelist represents the Anglican community. Gonzaga University was established in 1887 by the Jesuits, and the private Presbyterian Whitworth University opened three years later in north Spokane, in sports, the Gonzaga Bulldogs collegiate basketball team competes at the Division I level. Professional and semi-professional sports teams include the Spokane Indians in Minor League Baseball, Spokane Empire in arena football, as of 2010, Spokanes only major daily newspaper, The Spokesman-Review, has a daily circulation of over 76,000. The first humans to live in the Spokane area arrived between 13,000 and 8,000 years ago and were hunter-gatherer societies that lived off plentiful game. The Spokane tribe, after which the city is named, are believed to be either their direct descendants, when asked by early white explorers, the Spokanes said their ancestors came from up North. Early in the 19th century, the Northwest Fur Company sent two white fur trappers west of the Rocky Mountains to search for fur. These were the first white men met by the Spokanes, who believed they were sacred, the explorer-geographer David Thompson, working as head of the North West Companys Columbia Department, became the first European to explore the Inland Empire. Crossing what is now the Canada–US border from British Columbia, Thompson wanted to expand the North West Company further south in search of furs, after establishing the Kullyspell House and Saleesh House trading posts in what are now Idaho and Montana, Thompson then attempted to expand further west. He sent out two trappers, Jacques Raphael Finlay and Finan McDonald, to construct a fur trading post on the Spokane River in Washington and trade with the local Indians
8.
Vancouver Millionaires
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The Vancouver Millionaires were a professional ice hockey team that competed in the Pacific Coast Hockey Association and the Western Canada Hockey League between 1911 and 1926. Based out of Vancouver, British Columbia, they played in Denman Arena, the first artificial ice surface in Canada, the Millionaires/Maroons succeeded as PCHA champions six times and won the Stanley Cup once, in 1915, against the Ottawa Senators of the NHA. Their jerseys were maroon, featuring a white V with Vancouver spelled down one side of the V, Hall of Famers Fred Cyclone Taylor, Mickey MacKay and Didier Pitre were among the most significant players to don the Millionaires/Maroons uniform in the teams history. Since that time, the Canucks have worn Millionaires throwback uniforms on a few occasions, frank aligned himself with Vancouver, playing for, coaching and managing the team. During his tenure in Vancouver, Taylor tallied 263 points in 131 games, in a best-of-five series played at Denman Arena, the Millionaires swept Ottawa by scores of 6–2, 8–3, and 12–3, Taylor led the team with 6 goals. At the time, it was the furthest west the Cup had been awarded and is Vancouvers only Stanley Cup champion, between 1918 and 1924, Vancouver would win the PCHA title in five of seven seasons. In 1921 and 1922, they were defeated by the Ottawa Senators and Toronto St. Pats in back-to-back Cup Finals, respectively. In 1922, the changed its name to the Vancouver Maroons and. Following the 1923–1924 season, the Maroons were absorbed by the WCHL upon the PCHAs demise, in 1926, the WCHL suffered the same fate of the PCHA, and after fifteen years, the team subsequently folded, as well. In 1999, local star and bodybuilder Jon Mikl Thor started VM Sports. Since there were no genuine Millionaires sweaters in existence since a fire destroyed Denman Arena in 1936, Thor trademarked the Vancouver Millionaires name and the Victory V logo. On May 1,2008, the BC Sports Hall Of Fame was donated one such Millionaires sweater from VM Sports, on October 1,2010 the Vancouver Canucks parent company, Canucks Sports & Entertainment, acquired the Vancouver Millionaires trademark from Thor. That same month, the Canucks unveiled their new third jerseys, in the shortened 2013 season the Vancouver Canucks wore the Millionaires V on their jersey, to honour those whose spirit laid the path they stand on today. On March 2,2014, the Vancouver Canucks wore the Millionaires jersey once more against the Ottawa Senators, who also wore their historic jersey during the 2014 Heritage Classic. In honour of the Millionaires Stanley Cup Victory 100 years prior, the Canucks wore their Maroon and White sweaters in a 4–1 loss at home against the Colorado Avalanche, on March 26,2015
9.
Portland Rosebuds (ice hockey)
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Portland Rosebuds was the name of two professional mens ice hockey teams in Portland, Oregon. Both teams played their games at the Portland Ice Arena. The first Rosebuds are notable for being the first American based team to compete for the Stanley Cup, the second Rosebuds are notable in that their roster was used to build the NHL expansion Chicago Blackhawks. The first Portland Rosebuds played in the Pacific Coast Hockey Association from 1914 to 1918, the team was previously known as the New Westminster Royals, an inaugural member of the PCHA in 1911. The team moved to Portland due to attendance in New Westminster, British Columbia. In 1916 the Portland Rosebuds won the PCHA championship and briefly held the Stanley Cup and their win is memorialized on the Stanley Cup as Portland Ore. /PCHA Champions/1915–16 on the 1909 base ring, one of the permanent rings. Portland was the first United States-based team to participate in the Stanley Cup Finals. Note, GP = Games played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, GF = Goals for and this was the final season for the Western Hockey League. When the league folded, the Saskatoon players were sold to form the Montreal Maroons, frank Patrick then negotiated the sale of the rest of the WHL players to the National Hockey League. The players were to be sold as three teams, one from the Victoria Cougars, one from the Rosebuds, and a third from the best players from Calgary, Edmonton and Vancouver. A deal was reached where the players of the Rosebuds were sold for $100,000 to form the new Chicago Black Hawks expansion franchise, the Trail of the Stanley Cup, vol
10.
Hap Holmes
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Harry George Hap Holmes was a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender. As a professional, Holmes won the Stanley Cup four times and he tied the record of his 1914 Stanley Cup winning Toronto Blueshirts teammate Jack Marshall, who also won Cups with four different teams. No other player has duplicated this record, Holmes won the first of his four Stanley Cups in 1914. For the 1917–18 season, Holmes ended up playing for the Torontos of the National Hockey League through a series of loans by other teams, Holmes won his third Stanley Cup in his only full season with the Torontos. After playing two games in the 1918-19 season for the Toronto Arenas, Holmes would be recalled by the Metropolitans, Holmes played for the Metropolitans for the next six seasons, until the team folded. In the 1924–25 season, Holmes joined the Victoria Cougars of the West Coast Hockey League, Holmes played for the Cougars for two seasons, winning the Stanley Cup for his fourth and last time. After the WCHL/WHL league folded, Holmes joined the Detroit Cougars of the NHL, playing with the Cougars for two seasons before retiring. Holmes was a stand-up style goaltender, later on in his career, Holmes wore a cap when in goal to protect his head from objects thrown by spectators, as it presented a tempting target to them. Holmes coached minor-league teams after his retirement, notably the Toronto Millionaires of the Canadian Professional Hockey League, Holmes died on June 27,1941, near Fort Lauderdale, Florida and was inducted posthumously into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1972. Harry Hap Holmes, alternatively nicknamed Happy, started playing ice hockey as an amateur with the Parkdale Canoe Club in the Ontario Hockey Association in the 1908–09 season and he played with Parkdale for three seasons, for 11 regular season games and two playoff games. In his first season with the Parkdale Canoe Club, Holmes lost all three games in which he appeared, giving up 22 goals over that stretch, the following season, Holmes appeared in four games, winning and losing two games apiece. Over the 1909–10 season, Holmes gave up 26 goals, in 1910–11, his last season with the Parkdale Canoe Club, he appeared in four regular season games once more, winning three and losing one, while giving up only 12 goals over those games. In the playoffs, Holmes played two games, losing one and tying the other, surrendering nine goals, in the 1911–12 season, Holmes appeared in only one exhibition game, as the Toronto Blueshirts were unable to play due to the slow completion of their artificial ice. Holmes played a game for the Toronto Tecumsehs, conceding three goals in a victory, Holmes began his professional career playing for the Toronto Blueshirts of the National Hockey Association in 1912–13. Holmes played with the Blueshirts for three seasons, in his first season with the Blueshirts, Holmes had a 6–7 record over 15 games with a shutout, and a 4.47 goals-against average. The Blueshirts ended up missing the playoffs, in the 1913–14 season, Holmes second season with the Blueshirts, he won the Stanley Cup for the first time. It was the first time a Toronto-based team won the Stanley Cup, the next season, the Blueshirts missed the playoffs, as Holmes had only eight victories over 20 games, ending up with a 4.18 goals-against average. In the 1915–16 season, Holmes signed with the Seattle Metropolitans of the Pacific Coast Hockey Association, in his first season with the Metropolitans, Holmes played 18 games
11.
Hughie Lehman
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Frederick Hugh Old Eagle Eyes Lehman was a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender. He started his ice hockey playing for the Pembroke Lumber Kings. In 1911, Lehman joined the New Westminster Royals, playing for the Royals for three seasons, before joining the Vancouver Millionaires in 1914, Lehman played half of his 22-year professional career with Vancouver, winning his only Stanley Cup, he would be unsuccessful in seven other attempts. In 1926, he joined the Chicago Black Hawks of the National Hockey League, playing a season and splitting the second one as player. He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1958, Lehman began his playing career in 1903–04, playing for the Pembroke Lumber Kings of the Ottawa Valley Hockey League for the first three seasons of his career. In the 1906–07 season, Lehman was signed as free agent by the Canadian Soo of the International Professional Hockey League, Lehman returned to Pembroke for the 1907–08 season, appearing in four games. For the 1908–09 season, Lehman joined the Berlin Dutchmen of the Ontario Professional Hockey League, in the 1909–10 season, Lehman was in two different Stanley Cup playoff series, with two different teams, the Berlin Dutchmen and the Galt Professionals, but he lost both times. During those playoff series, he appeared in three games, giving up 22 goals, Lehman played with the Berlin Dutchmen until 1911. In 1911–12, Lehman played for the New Westminster Royals of the newly founded Pacific Coast Hockey Association and he played three seasons for New Westminster, winning the league championship in his first season. In 1914–15, Lehman joined the Vancouver Millionaires of the PCHA, in the Stanley Cup playoffs, Lehman helped the Millionaires become the first PCHA team to win the Stanley Cup, with a 3–0 record and 2.67 goals against average. This would be the only Stanley Cup victory of Lehmans career, Lehman played with the Millionaires until the 1925–26 season. During that time, Lehman and some of his teammates were involved in an incident when going back to Canada after an exhibition game against the Montreal Wanderers in New York City. In New York, Lehmans wife bought numerous womens designer outfits, in 1922–23, the Millionaires were renamed the Maroons, and joined the Western Canada Hockey League. The WCHL was renamed to the Western Hockey League in 1925–26, however, while playing for the Millionaires, Lehman appeared in six Stanley Cup finals, losing every time, except in his first season, in 1914–15. Following the collapse of the WHL, Lehman joined the Chicago Black Hawks for the 1926–27 season, while in Chicago, Lehman mentored future Chicago goaltender and captain Charlie Gardiner. Lehman played one season, and another four games the next one. During the 1926 season, Lehman became the oldest goaltender to win his first NHL game, expecting to be fired after that outburst, Lehman was later told to go to McLaughlins office. It was how Lehmans playing career ended, McLaughlin appointed Lehman to be Chicagos new head coach, Lehman coached Chicago for part of one season, finishing with a 3–17–1 record over 21 games
12.
Bernie Morris
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Bernard Patrick Morris was a Canadian professional ice hockey player. He played for the Seattle Metropolitans of the Pacific Coast Hockey Association, when the Metropolitans became the first U. S. -based team to win the Stanley Cup in 1917, Morris scored 14 of Seattles goals. Morris also played for the Calgary Tigers, the Boston Bruins, born in Brandon, Manitoba, Morris played for several senior teams in Manitoba and Saskatchewan before joining the Victoria Aristocrats of the Pacific Coast Hockey Association in 1914. He moved over to Seattle the following season, and played eight seasons for Seattle and he had an outstanding 1917 series, scoring 14 goals in four games. Morris was scheduled to play in the ill-fated 1919 series, but was arrested by the United States for alleged draft dodging and he received a sentence of two years, to be served at Alcatraz. He would not return to hockey until after the 1919–20 season, charges were dropped in March 1920 and he would play in the 1920 series for Seattle. In October 1923, Morris was traded by Seattle to the Calgary Tigers and he played for the Tigers in the 1924 series against Montreal. In all, Morris played a season and a half with Calgary before being traded again and he was traded to the Montreal Maroons and on to the Boston Bruins of the National Hockey League on January 3,1925. He was released by Boston in February 1925, and he returned out west to play with the Regina Capitals, from 1925 until 1930, Morris finished his career with various teams in the minor California Pro League, the Can-Pro and International League. PCHA First All-Star team,1916,1917,1918,1919,1922 PCHA Second All-Star team,1921,1923 Diamond, Dan, Duplacey, James, Hockey stories on and off the ice. Bernie Morris player profile at NHL. com Bernie Morriss career statistics at The Internet Hockey Database Bernie Morriss biography at Legends of Hockey
13.
Gordon Roberts (ice hockey)
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He was a member of the Ottawa team that defended the Stanley Cup in a 1910 challenge, Roberts scored seven goals in two games in his teams victory over the Edmonton Hockey Club. He moved to Montreal in 1910 where he was consistently among the NHAs leading scorers with the Wanderers while also studying medicine at McGill University, while in Montreal, Roberts attended McGill University where he studied to become a physician. Following his graduation, he settled in British Columbia to begin his medical career, continuing his hockey career, Roberts joined the Vancouver Millionaires where he was named a PCHA all-star at left wing and led the league in scoring with 43 goals in 1916–17. He retired from hockey in 1918 following a season in Seattle before Vancouver lured him back to the one year later. Roberts left the again in 1920 and his medical career ultimately took him to Oakland. He was posthumously inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1971, Roberts participated in several sports in his youth. In addition to hockey, he played lacrosse and football, Roberts focused on hockey, however, and played for several teams in his hometown of Ottawa. He was the scorer of the Ottawa City Hockey League in 1908–09 as a member of the Emmitts Hockey Club with 19 goals in six games. When he turned professional in 1909 by joining the Ottawa Hockey Club and he scored three goals with the team in a single game in the short-lived Canadian Hockey Association before Ottawa jumped to the National Hockey Association for the remainder of the season. In nine NHA games, Roberts recorded 13 goals, Ottawa was the defending Stanley Cup champions and, during the season, were challenged for the trophy by the Alberta champion Edmonton Hockey Club in January 1910. The Ottawa Citizen described Roberts as being the star of the first game, the paper praised his defensive checking in addition to his four goals scored in an 8–4 victory. He added three goals in the game as Ottawa retained control of the Stanley Cup by a 21–11 aggregate score. Having enrolled at McGill University to study medicine, Roberts moved to Montreal and he continued to play hockey and lacrosse but could not play football as McGill was unable to have him certified as an amateur. Also ineligible to play hockey, he joined the Montreal Wanderers for the 1910–11 NHA season. Roberts played only four NHA games that year, but thereafter was one of the leagues leading scorers. Following a pair of 16-goal seasons, Roberts finished second in scoring with 31 goals in 1913–14. He was also named a league all-star in 1914, Roberts found it difficult to both study and play hockey, but praised the support of his classmates and the faculty in helping him earn his degree. He had to complete a year of schooling after failing his second year
14.
Frank Foyston
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Frank Corbett The Flash Foyston was a Canadian professional ice hockey player and coach. Foyston was a member of Stanley Cup championship teams with the Toronto Blueshirts in 1914, the Seattle Metropolitans in 1917, while with the Metropolitans, he twice led the Pacific Coast Hockey Association in goals. After his retirement from playing, Foyston became a minor league head coach and he was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1958. Foyston was born in Minesing, Ontario, in 1891, from 1908 to 1910, he played for the Barrie Athletic Club in the OHA Jr. league. In 1908–09, he scored 17 goals in 6 games, in 1910–11, Foyston played for the Barrie Athletic Club in the OHA Sr. league and scored 14 goals in 6 games. The following season, he played for the Toronto Eatons, scoring 15 goals in 6 games in the season and 5 goals in 4 games in the playoffs. Foyston began his hockey career with the National Hockey Associations Toronto Blueshirts in 1912–13. In his first season with Toronto, he scored 8 goals in 16 games, the following year, he scored 16 goals in 19 regular season games and 1 goal in 2 playoff games to help the Blueshirts win the NHA championship. In the 1914 Stanley Cup Finals against the PCHAs Victoria Cougars, the following season, he had 13 goals and 9 assists in 20 games. At the beginning of the 1915–16 season, Foyston signed with the PCHAs Seattle Metropolitans, in his first season with Seattle, he had 13 points in 18 games. The following season, he had 36 goals and 12 assists in 24 games, Seattle played in the 1917 Stanley Cup Finals against the Montreal Canadiens, and Foyston had 7 goals and 3 assists to help the Metropolitans win the Stanley Cup in four games. It was the first time an American team had won the Cup, at the end of the season, Foyston was voted the Champion All-Around Hockey Player in the PCHA. In 1918–19, Foyston scored 15 goals in 18 regular season games and 3 goals in 2 playoff games, Foyston scored 9 goals in 5 games before the series was abandoned due to the influenza epidemic. The Stanley Cup was not awarded that year, the following season, in 1919–20, Foyston scored 26 goals in 22 regular season games and 3 goals in 2 playoff games, as Seattle advanced to the 1920 Stanley Cup Finals. In the Finals, he had 6 goals in 5 games, Foyston played with Seattle until 1924. After the franchise folded, he signed with Victoria Cougars of the Western Canada Hockey League, in 1924–25, he had 11 points in 27 regular season games and 2 points in 4 playoff games. In the 1925 Stanley Cup Finals against the Canadiens, he scored 1 goal in 4 games to help the Cougars become the last non-NHL team to win the Cup and he played in the 1926 Stanley Cup Finals the following year but had no points. The Victoria franchise was purchased by the National Hockey Leagues Detroit Cougars, in 1928–29, Foyston was a player-coach for the Detroit Olympics of the Canadian Professional Hockey League
15.
Barney Stanley
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He was the second head coach of the Chicago Black Hawks of the National Hockey League, appearing as a player in one game for the team. He won the Stanley Cup with the Millionaires in 1915 and was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1963, Stanley was born in Paisley, Ontario, the son of a dairy farmer. He moved west to Medicine Hat, Alberta at 17 to play hockey before settling in Edmonton. He joined the Edmonton Maritimers in 1911–12, then spent the three seasons as both a player and coach for the Edmonton Dominions and Albertas, all of the Alberta Senior Hockey League. Stanley turned professional in 1915, joining the Vancouver Millionaires of the PCHA, Stanley scored seven goals in his first five regular season contests with Vancouver, of which his first professional goal, in his first game, was assisted by Cyclone Taylor. He won the Stanley Cup with the Millionaires in 1915 as they defeated the Ottawa Senators of the National Hockey League for the Canadian championship, Stanley scored four goals in the third and deciding game of the series. Stanley was a Second Team All-Star with the Millionaires in 1918 and he then fought to regain his amateur status so that he could take on the role of player-coach with the Edmonton Eskimos of Albertas Big-4 League. He left the Eskimos after one year to join the Calgary Tigers and he scored 26 goals in 24 games for the Tigers in 1921–22 and was named a league all-star on right wing. His rights were sold to the Regina Capitals following the season served as player-coach and was again named all-star right wing. After two seasons in Regina, he returned to the Eskimos for two more, as player-coach for the Eskimos, Stanley led the team to the top record in the league in 1925–26. Following the collapse of the WCHL in 1926, Stanley purchased the Eskimos, before the season began, however, he sold the team and joined the Winnipeg Maroons. He purchased a stake in the franchise, and signed on as a defenceman. He was hired by the Chicago Black Hawks to be their manager, Stanley managed the club for only 23 games as the team replaced him following a 4–17–2 start to the season, but not before appearing in one regular season contest as a player with the team. Stanley returned to the AHA, playing his final season of hockey with the Minneapolis Millers before retiring in 1929 and he was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1962. Stanley and his wife Muriel Frances had four children, son Don and daughters Isobel, Dorothy, following the death in 1951 of his first wife, Stanley married Margaret Muir. He had three brothers and a sister and his son was also a hockey player and was a member of Canadas 1950 world championship team while his nephew Allan Stanley is also a member of the Hockey Hall of Fame. Following his arrival in Edmonton, Stanley became involved in the Dairy industry and he first joined the Edmonton City Dairy in 1913, and remained with the firm for 11 years while he remained an active hockey player. He purchased a share in a farm in 1924
16.
Dick Irvin
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James Dickinson Dick Irvin, Jr. was a Canadian professional ice hockey player and coach. Irvin was one of the greatest players of his day, balancing a torrid slap shot, for his playing career, Irvin was named to the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1958. After playing, Irvin built a career as a coach in the NHL with the Chicago Black Hawks, Toronto Maple Leafs. He won one Stanley Cup as a coach with Toronto, three more with Montreal, finishing with over 600 wins as a coach and he also served in the Canadian Army during World War I. Irvin was born in Hamilton, Ontario, one of 10 children, six boys, two of the boys died in infancy, and the four girls all died of tuberculosis at an early age. His father James Dickinson Irvin Sr. was a butcher, the family moved to Winnipeg, Manitoba when Dick Jr. was eight. Dick played hockey from an age, following in the footsteps of his oldest brother Alex. Their father would drive his sons and other boys to games by horse and sleigh, the family flooded the driveway of their home to create an ice rink which the Irvin sons would play on. Irvin also set up an area in the attic of the home. Irvin played junior and senior hockey in Winnipeg, winning the Allan Cup in 1915 with the Winnipeg Monarchs. He first played hockey with the Winnipeg Strathconas at the early age of 12. Irvin was also considered a top player and he played on the Winnipeg Dominion Express team with his brothers Alex. Irvin was also a competitive curler, Irvin began his professional career in 1916 with the Portland Rosebuds of the Pacific Coast Hockey Association and was the fourth leading scoring rookie tallying 35 goals. Before the following season, the Canadian government instituted a draft in August 1917, Irvin was taken on by The Fort Garry Horse regiment in April 1918 and arrived in England in May 1918. He was transferred to France in August 1918 and in October was transferred to a unit as a motorcycle rider. The war ended in November 1918 and Irvin arrived back in Halifax in May 1919, Irvin was reinstated as an amateur and he played three seasons with the Regina Victorias senior club. He returned to hockey in 1921 with the Regina Capitals of the Western Canada Hockey League. In 1926, at age 34, he entered the National Hockey League, Irvin was made the teams first captain, and had an impressive campaign, finishing second in the league in scoring
17.
Mickey MacKay
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He moved to the National Hockey League after the collapse of professional hockey in the west, and finished his career playing with the Chicago Black Hawks, Pittsburgh Pirates and Boston Bruins. A gifted scorer, MacKay led the PCHA in goals three times, assists twice, and was the leagues leading scorer upon its demise. Lester Patrick called him the greatest centre to ever play in the coast league, he was named to the PCHA or WCHL first team all-star on seven occasions, and to the second team three times. MacKay won the Stanley Cup twice during his career, first with the Millionaires in 1915 and he is honoured by the British Columbia Hockey Hall of Fame, and in 1952, was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame. Duncan Mickey MacKay was born in Chesley, Ontario on May 24,1895 and he grew up on the family farm in Bruce County, near Chesley. He joined the Canadian Army at the age of 14 and briefly trained at the Valcartier training camp in Quebec until recruiting officers realized he was under age, MacKay learned to skate at the age of 15 and spent two seasons playing senior hockey in Chesley. He moved west in 1912 to join the Edmonton Dominions of the Alberta Senior Hockey League where he led the league with eight playoff goals. He left the Dominions following the season for a team in Grand Forks, British Columbia. Hoping to advance his career, MacKay wrote to Frank Patrick, operator of the Pacific Coast Hockey Association, Patrick initially replied by suggesting the young player try out for a team closer to his hometown in Ontario. However, making what he described as a sixth sense hunch, Patrick doubted MacKays ability the first time he saw him practice, but was convinced the second time around. He signed MacKay to a contract for the 1914–15 PCHA season on November 3,1914, MacKay made his professional debut on December 8, playing on a line with Frank Nighbor and Ken Mallen and scored a hat trick in his first game. He finished the season as the leader with 33 goals in just 17 games. Vancouver won the PCHA title, then defeated the Ottawa Senators to win the Stanley Cup, MacKay had four goals in the series in which Vancouver won all three games. MacKay was a consistent PCHA all-star in the seasons that followed, earning berths on the team in 1916,1918 and 1921. He posted a 22-goal season in 23 games in 1916–17, He played in his second Stanley Cup championship with the Millionaires in 1918, leading all skaters with five goals and five assists in five games. Though MacKay was held out as a star of the series, a late-season battle between the Millionaires and the Seattle Metropolitans in 1919 turned violent when Seattles Cully Wilson slashed MacKay across the mouth late in the game. MacKay suffered a jaw and lost five teeth as a result. MacKay left the PCHA following the season, moving to Alberta where he bought a farm near the village of Elnora, MacKay returned to Vancouver and the professional ranks in 1920 amidst charges by Millionaires owner Frank Patrick that the Big-4 was secretly paying players in violation of amateur standards
18.
Albert Kerr
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Albert Daniel Dubbie Kerr was a Canadian professional ice hockey player. He was a member of the 1909 and 1911 Ottawa Senators Stanley Cup-winning teams, born in Brockville, Ontario, he started out as a professional with the Pittsburgh Lyceum and Pittsburgh Athletic Club in 1907 before returning to Canada with the Toronto Pros in 1908. He played with the Senators from 1909 until 1912, in 1913, he moved out west to play in the Pacific Coast Hockey Association until 1920 for the Victoria Aristocrats. Kerr started his career in his hometown of Brockville, Ontario, playing junior and he turned professional in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania in 1907-08. Kerr started 1908–09 with Pittsburgh, but left seven games to join the Toronto team of the Ontario Professional Hockey League. After three games in Toronto, Kerr jumped to the Ottawa Senators and became a star, Ottawa was rebuilding after the Silver Seven years and was seeking a player on left wing. Executive Weldy Bate had read that Kerr had scored five goals in a game for Toronto, Bate sent coach Pete Green who confirmed Kerrs ability and an offer was made to Kerr, who then moved to Ottawa. He played with future Hall of Famers Marty Walsh and Billy Gilmour and he also played alongside Bruce Ridpath and scored 20 goals in nine games as Ottawa won the Eastern Canada Hockey Association title and the Stanley Cup. In 1910, Kerr suffered a serious cut to his right eye, at first losing his sight, necessitating an eye operation. He would recover to play in the 1910–11 season, during the 1910–11 season, he along with Walsh and Ridpath, scored in twelve consecutive games, including five in one game and had 32 goals in 16 games to finish behind Walsh in NHA scoring. Kerr, Ridpath and Walsh had one, two and three respectively in a 7–4 Stanley Cup challenge win over Galt, Ontario. Kerr retired after the 1911–12 season but Lester Patrick lured him to Victoria and he played three seasons with Victoria Aristocrats and moved with the club to Spokane for the 1916–17 season when the Victoria arena was taken over for wartime activities. Kerr served during World War I from 1917–19, but returned to ice hockey to play season with Victoria. He was laid to rest in Toronto, Ontario, official Encyclopedia of the National Hockey League. Andrews McMeel, Toronto, Distributed in Canada by Canadian Manda Group, notes Albert Kerrs career statistics at The Internet Hockey Database
19.
Smokey Harris
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Thomas Wilfred Smokey, Fred Harris was a Canadian professional ice hockey player. Harris played in the Pacific Coast Hockey Association, the National Hockey League, Harris was born in Port Arthur, Ontario. His brother Henry was also an ice hockey player. Harris scored the first goal in Boston Bruins franchise history, Harris first played senior hockey with the Kenora Thistles in the 1909–10 season. In 1911, he joined the Vancouver Millionaires of the PCHA and he played four seasons for Portland. Portland won the PCHA championship in 1916, briefly taking over the Stanley Cup before losing it in the 1916 Stanley Cup Finals to the Montreal Canadiens, after Portland folded, Harris returned to the Millionaires, playing another five seasons. With Vancouver, Harris played in the 1921 and 1923 Stanley Cup series and he played six games for the Bruins before being traded again, to the Vancouver Maroons of the WCHL, the renamed Millionaires franchise. His final season was 1931–32 for the San Francisco Rangers and he was briefly playing coach for Richfield Oil in 1925–26, and coached a full season for the Hollywood Millionaires in 1929–30
20.
Cyclone Taylor
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Frederick Wellington Fred Cyclone Taylor, OBE, was a Canadian professional ice hockey player and civil servant. Taylor was one of the earliest professional players and he played professionally for the Portage Lakes Hockey Club, the Ottawa Hockey Club and the Vancouver Millionaires from 1905 to 1923. Acknowledged as one of the first stars of hockey, Taylor was one of the most prolific scorers of his era and he won several scoring championships, and won the Stanley Cup twice, once in 1909 with Ottawa and again in 1915 with Vancouver. He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1947, while in Ottawa in 1907, Taylor gained employment with the Canadian government. He maintained this employment after his career in hockey, later becoming Commissioner of Immigration for British Columbia, frederick Wellington was born in Tara, Ontario, the second son and fourth of five children to Archie and Mary Taylor. Archie, the son of Scottish immigrants, was a salesman who sold farm equipment. Mary, a devout Methodist, stayed at home and raised the children, at the age of six, Taylor moved with his family to Listowel, a town fifty miles south of Tara. In Listowel he played for the junior and intermediate teams in the Ontario Hockey Association, in the 1904–05 season, he joined a team in Thessalon, Ontario led by Grindy Forrester when a dispute broke out as to which team held his OHA rights. The OHA, led by secretary W. A. Hewitt, refused to grant Taylor a change of residence permit and he applied for reinstatement, but was denied, and remained in Thessalon through the winter. According to some sources, Hewitt wanted Taylor to play for the Toronto Marlboros, for the 1905–06 season, Taylor played a handful of games for Portage la Prairie in Manitoba. Several teams in the new International Professional Hockey League tried to get Taylor to join them, marie, Ontario and Calumet, Michigan, which even got Taylor to sign a contract. But in February 1906 he ended up reuniting with Forrester on the Portage Lake team, based in Houghton, the team won the league championship with Taylor playing point. He had started as a forward, but was too fast for his linemates to keep up with him, player salaries outpaced revenue in the league and the IPHL went out of business in 1907. Taylor then joined the Ottawa Hockey Club of the Eastern Canada Amateur Hockey Association, while playing for Ottawa in 1907, the Governor General gave him the nickname Cyclone, based on his skating ability. In December 1907, it was reported that Taylor had been offered $1,500 to leave Ottawa and play for the team in Renfrew, Taylor played lacrosse in 1908 for the Ottawa Capitals. On June 27,1908, he was arrested during a game for punching referee Tom Carlind in the face after receiving a penalty. The referee would not press charges, but the president was in attendance. The league governors only issued a censure, the team expected Taylor to join them the following season, but he chose to focus on his job and hockey
21.
Tommy Dunderdale
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Thomas Dunderdale was a professional ice hockey forward. Born in Australia, he moved to Canada at the age of 6 and he played in Winnipeg for three seasons, from 1906 to 1910. In 1910, he joined the Montreal Shamrocks of the National Hockey Association, in 1911–12, he joined the Victoria Aristocrats of the newly formed Pacific Coast Hockey Association, playing nine seasons in total in Victoria. He split his seasons in Victoria with a stint with the Portland Rosebuds between 1915 and 1918. After the PCHA folded in 1923, Dunderdale played one season in the West Coast Hockey League, in 1974, he became the only Australian-born player to be inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame. Dunderdale is credited with scoring the first penalty shot goal in ice hockey history, Dunderdale was born in Benalla, Victoria, Australia, on 6 May 1887. His parents were originally from England, but in 1904, the Dunderdales resettled to Ottawa, tommy first played organised ice hockey at the age of 17 with his Waller Street School team. In 1905 he moved to Winnipeg, Manitoba and played the 1905–06 season with the amateur Winnipeg Ramblers, Dunderdale turned professional in 1906–07 season with the Winnipeg Strathconas. In 1909–10, Dunderdale moved east, and played with the Montreal Shamrocks, first with the Canadian Hockey Association and that season, he appeared in 15 games overall, and scored 21 goals. Dunderdale went back west in the 1911–12 season, joining the Victoria Aristocrats of the newly formed Pacific Coast Hockey Association and he would spend the rest of his career playing in the west, having played only two seasons east of the Manitoba-Ontario border. Scoring 24 goals in 16 games, Dunderdale received his first out of six First All-Star team selections in the PCHA, as well as his first of four consecutive. In the next two seasons, Dunderdale recorded similar statistics to his first season in the PCHA, again scoring 24 goals in both seasons, and he was named to the First All-Star team in both seasons. The 1912–13 season saw the Victoria Aristocrats challenge the Quebec Bulldogs for the Stanley Cup, although the Aristocrats won the series, their challenge was not accepted by the Stanley Cup trustees. The 1914–15 season saw Dunderdale named to the First All-Star team for his fourth time, as he scored 17 goals and assisted on 10 others. In the 1915–16 season, Dunderdale joined the Portland Rosebuds, in his first season with the Rosebuds, he dropped below a point per game for the first time in his career. The Rosebuds became the first American team to challenge for the Stanley Cup that year, Dunderdale played in all five games of the series, scoring two points. The following season, he scored 22 goals in 24 games, however, he was more noted that season for his number of penalty minutes, setting a league record with 141 minutes. The 1917–18 season was his last in Portland, as he scored 14 goals in 18 games, Dunderdale left as their leading penalty minute getter, and as their second-most prolific goal scorer, with 50 goals
22.
1916 in sports
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1916 in sports describes the year’s events in world sport.13 d Carlton 8.8 at Melbourne Cricket Ground. Fitzroy wins the title despite having finished last in the regular season, South Australian Football League, not contested due to World War I West Australian Football League,9 September, South Fremantle 7.12 defeat East Fremantle 5.5 for their first WAFL premiership. Sweden Championship final – IFK Uppsala 3–2 Djurgårdens IF World Series 7–12 October — Boston Red Sox defeats the Brooklyn Robins by 4 games to 1 to win the 1916 World Series. Events The Philadelphia Athletics finish the season with a record of 36–117 or a.235 winning percentage, the series of fights between Ted Kid Lewis and Jack Britton continues with Britton taking the World Welterweight Championship into 1917. Indianapolis 50030 May — 6th running of the Indianapolis 500 at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway is won by Dario Resta in a Peugeot L45. Vanderbilt Cup 16 November — 11th and final running of the original Vanderbilt Cup at Santa Monica is won by Dario Resta driving a Peugeot EX3, the race is eventually revived in 1958 as the Formula One United States Grand Prix
23.
International Standard Book Number
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The International Standard Book Number is a unique numeric commercial book identifier. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an e-book, a paperback and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, the method of assigning an ISBN is nation-based and varies from country to country, often depending on how large the publishing industry is within a country. The initial ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 based upon the 9-digit Standard Book Numbering created in 1966, the 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108. Occasionally, a book may appear without a printed ISBN if it is printed privately or the author does not follow the usual ISBN procedure, however, this can be rectified later. Another identifier, the International Standard Serial Number, identifies periodical publications such as magazines, the ISBN configuration of recognition was generated in 1967 in the United Kingdom by David Whitaker and in 1968 in the US by Emery Koltay. The 10-digit ISBN format was developed by the International Organization for Standardization and was published in 1970 as international standard ISO2108, the United Kingdom continued to use the 9-digit SBN code until 1974. The ISO on-line facility only refers back to 1978, an SBN may be converted to an ISBN by prefixing the digit 0. For example, the edition of Mr. J. G. Reeder Returns, published by Hodder in 1965, has SBN340013818 -340 indicating the publisher,01381 their serial number. This can be converted to ISBN 0-340-01381-8, the check digit does not need to be re-calculated, since 1 January 2007, ISBNs have contained 13 digits, a format that is compatible with Bookland European Article Number EAN-13s. An ISBN is assigned to each edition and variation of a book, for example, an ebook, a paperback, and a hardcover edition of the same book would each have a different ISBN. The ISBN is 13 digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007, a 13-digit ISBN can be separated into its parts, and when this is done it is customary to separate the parts with hyphens or spaces. Separating the parts of a 10-digit ISBN is also done with either hyphens or spaces, figuring out how to correctly separate a given ISBN number is complicated, because most of the parts do not use a fixed number of digits. ISBN issuance is country-specific, in that ISBNs are issued by the ISBN registration agency that is responsible for country or territory regardless of the publication language. Some ISBN registration agencies are based in national libraries or within ministries of culture, in other cases, the ISBN registration service is provided by organisations such as bibliographic data providers that are not government funded. In Canada, ISBNs are issued at no cost with the purpose of encouraging Canadian culture. In the United Kingdom, United States, and some countries, where the service is provided by non-government-funded organisations. Australia, ISBNs are issued by the library services agency Thorpe-Bowker
