1.
Georgetown Hoyas men's basketball
–
Georgetowns first intercollegiate mens basketball team was formed in 1907. Patrick Ewing, who succeeded John Thompson III upon his firing, is the current head coach, the team won the National Championship in 1984 and has reached the NCAA Tournament Final Four on five occasions. Their most recent trip to the Final Four was in 2007 and they have won the Big East Mens Basketball Tournament seven times, and has also won or shared the Big East regular season title ten times. They have been appeared in the NCAA Tournament thirty times and in the National Invitation Tournament twelve times, the Hoyas under Thompson III were known for employing a variant of the Princeton offense, a style of play that emphasizes ball movement. Coach Thompson learned the style while serving under then-Coach Pete Carril of the Princeton University Tigers, using this system, Georgetown had been lauded for excelling by emphasizing offensive efficiency rather than speed of play. Founded in the fall of 1906, the Georgetown mens basketball played its first game on February 9,1907. In its first 60-some years, the program displayed only sporadic success, the downtown locations of these venues was also influenced by the number of Law School students who played on the team in this era. From 1918 through 1923, while on campus at Ryan Gymnasium, a large on-campus arena was proposed in 1927, but shelved during the Great Depression. The team recruited its first All-American, Ed Hargaden, in 1931, from 1932 until 1939, the Hoyas played in the Eastern Intercollegiate Conference, and were regular-season conference co-champions in 1939. In 1942, a Hoya went pro for the first time, the next year the team, led by future congressman Henry Hyde, reached new heights by going all the way to the 1943 NCAA championship game, where they lost to Wyoming. The Hoyas coach, Elmer Ripley, would be inducted into the hall of fame in 1973. The program was suspended from 1943 to 1945 because of World War II, however, in 1953, former Baltimore Bullets player Buddy Jeannette coached the team to its first National Invitation Tournament invitation, but it lost in the first round to Louisville. OKeefe would later return to coach the team from 1960 until 1966, when the school hired John Magee, Magee led the team to the 1970 NIT, just its third post-season appearance, but a dismal three-win season in 1971–72 led to his dismissal. John Thompson, Jr. played two seasons with the Boston Celtics before he achieved local notability coaching St. Anthonys High School in Washington, D. C. to several very successful seasons. Thompson was hired to coach Georgetown in 1972, and with several recruits from St. Anthonys like Merlin Wilson, derrick Jacksons buzzer beater won Georgetown its first tournament championship, and a bid to the 1975 NCAA Tournament. The Big East Conference provided Georgetown increased competition, and several of its longest rivalries and they faced Syracuse again three weeks later in the first Big East Tournament Finals, winning 87–81. In the 1980 NCAA Tournament, the team advanced to the Elite Eight, the team moved its home arena in the 1981-82 season to the Capital Centre in Landover, Maryland to accommodate its growing fan base. That season, sparked by star freshman Patrick Ewing, the Hoyas reached the 1982 national championship finals, in a highly regarded and closely fought contest the Hoyas Fred Brown threw an errant pass to Tar Heels forward James Worthy that sealed the title for UNC
2.
Georgetown University
–
Georgetown University is a private research university in the Georgetown neighborhood of Washington, D. C. the capital of the United States. Georgetowns main campus is located on a hill above the Potomac River, the campus is identifiable by its flagship Healy Hall, which is a National Historic Landmark. Georgetown offers degree programs in disciplines, enrolling an average of 7,500 undergraduate and 10,000 post-graduate students from more than 130 countries. The university is known for preparing leaders for careers in government. As of 2015, Georgetown produced more diplomats for the U. S, Foreign Service than any other school in the country, and has ranked second in the U. S. by the average number of graduates serving in the U. S. Congress. Georgetown is the oldest Catholic and Jesuit-affiliated institution of education in the United States. The Jesuits have participated in the academic life, both as scholars and as administrators, since 1805, however, the university has always been governed independently of the church. At present, the majority of Georgetown students are not Catholic, Georgetown is home to the countrys largest student-run business, as well as the largest student-run financial institution. Jesuit settlers from England founded the Province of Maryland in 1634, during most of the remainder of Marylands colonial period, Jesuits conducted Catholic schools clandestinely. It was not until after the end of the American Revolution that plans to establish a permanent Catholic institution for education in the United States were realized, Carroll began meetings of local clergy in 1783 near Annapolis, Maryland, where they orchestrated the development of a new university. On January 23,1789, Carroll finalized the purchase of the property in Georgetown on which Dahlgren Quadrangle was later built, future Congressman William Gaston was enrolled as the schools first student on November 22,1791, and instruction began on January 2,1792. During its early years, Georgetown College suffered from financial strain. The Maryland Society of Jesus began its restoration in 1805, and Jesuit affiliation, in the form of teachers and administrators, the school relied on private sources of funding and the limited profits from local lands which had been donated to the Jesuits. To raise money for Georgetown and other schools in 1838, Maryland Jesuits conducted a sale of some 272 slaves to two Deep South plantations from their six in Maryland, ending their slaveholding. In 1844, the received a corporate charter, under the name The President and Directors of Georgetown College. In response to the demand for an option for Roman Catholic students. The U. S. Civil War greatly affected Georgetown as 1,141 students and alumni enlisted in one army or the other, by the time of President Abraham Lincolns May 1861 visit to campus,1,400 troops were living in temporary quarters there. Due to the number of lives lost in the war, enrollment levels remained low until well after the war, only seven students graduated in 1869, down from over 300 in the previous decade
3.
NCAA Division I
–
Division I is the highest level of intercollegiate athletics sanctioned by the National Collegiate Athletic Association in the United States. This level was called the University Division of the NCAA, in contrast to the lower level College Division. For football only, Division I was further subdivided in 1978 into Division I-A, Division I-AA, in 2006, Division I-A and I-AA were renamed Football Bowl Subdivision and Football Championship Subdivision, respectively. FCS teams are allowed to award scholarships, a practice technically allowed. FBS teams also have to meet attendance requirements, while FCS teams do not need to meet minimum attendance requirements. Another difference is post season play, starting with the 2014 postseason, a four-team playoff called the College Football Playoff, replaced the previous one game championship format. Even so, Division I FBS football is still the only NCAA sport in which a champion is not determined by an NCAA-sanctioned championship event. All D-I schools must field teams in at least seven sports for men and seven for women or six for men and eight for women, with at least two team sports for each gender. Division I schools must meet minimum financial aid awards for their athletics program, Several other NCAA sanctioned minimums and differences that distinguish Division I from Divisions II and III. Each playing season has to be represented by each gender as well, there are contest and participant minimums for each sport, as well as scheduling criteria. Mens and womens teams have to play all but two games against Division I teams, for men, they must play one-third of all their contests in the home arena. The NCAA has limits on the financial aid each Division I member may award in each sport that the school sponsors. Equivalency sports, in which the NCAA limits the total financial aid that a school can offer in a sport to the equivalent of a set number of full scholarships. Roster limitations may or may not apply, depending on the sport, the term counter is also key to this concept. The NCAA defines a counter as an individual who is receiving financial aid that is countable against the aid limitations in a sport. The number of scholarships that Division I members may award in sport is listed below. In this table, scholarship numbers for head-count sports are indicated without a point, for equivalency sports, they are listed with a decimal point. An exception exists for players at non-scholarship FCS programs who receive aid in another sport, participants in basketball are counted in that sport, unless they also play football
4.
College basketball
–
The history of basketball is traced back to a YMCA International Training School, known today as Springfield College, located in Springfield, Massachusetts. The date of the first formal basketball game played at the Springfield YMCA Training School under Naismiths rules is generally given as December 21,1891, Basketball began to spread to college campuses by 1893. Governing bodies in Canada include U Sports and the Canadian Collegiate Athletic Association, each of these various organizations are subdivided into from one to three divisions based on the number and level of scholarships that may be provided to the athletes. The first basketball games in the United States were played at YMCAs in 1891 and 1892, by 1893, the game was being played on college campuses. The original rules for basketball were very different from todays modern rules of the sport, in the beginning James Naismith established 13 original rules, The ball may be thrown in any direction with one or both hands. The ball may be batted in any direction with one or both hands, but never with the fist, a player cannot run with the ball. The player must throw it from the spot on which he catches it, the ball must be held by the hands. The arms or body must not be used for holding it, no shouldering, holding, pushing, striking, or tripping in any way of an opponent is allowed. A foul will be called when a player is seen striking at the ball with the fist, or when violations of rules 3 and 4, if either side makes three consecutive fouls it shall count as a goal for the opponents. A goal shall be made when the ball is thrown or batted from the grounds into the basket and stays there, if the ball rests on the edges, and the opponent moves the basket, it shall count as a goal. When the ball out of bounds, it shall be thrown into the field. In case of dispute the umpire shall throw it straight into the field, the thrower-in is allowed five seconds. If he holds it longer, it shall go to the opponent, if any side persists in delaying the game, the umpire shall call a foul on them. The umpire shall be the judge of the men and shall note the fouls and he shall have power to disqualify men according to rule 5. The referee shall be judge of the ball and shall decide when the ball is in play, in bounds, to side it belongs. He shall decide when a goal has been made and keep account of the goals, the time shall be two fifteen-minute halves, with five minutes rest between. The side making the most goals in that time shall be declared the winner, the following is a list of some of the major NCAA Basketball rule changes with the year they went into effect. The first known college to field a team against an outside opponent was Vanderbilt University
5.
Washington, D.C.
–
Washington, D. C. formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington, the District, or simply D. C. is the capital of the United States. The signing of the Residence Act on July 16,1790, Constitution provided for a federal district under the exclusive jurisdiction of the Congress and the District is therefore not a part of any state. The states of Maryland and Virginia each donated land to form the federal district, named in honor of President George Washington, the City of Washington was founded in 1791 to serve as the new national capital. In 1846, Congress returned the land ceded by Virginia, in 1871. Washington had an population of 681,170 as of July 2016. Commuters from the surrounding Maryland and Virginia suburbs raise the population to more than one million during the workweek. The Washington metropolitan area, of which the District is a part, has a population of over 6 million, the centers of all three branches of the federal government of the United States are in the District, including the Congress, President, and Supreme Court. Washington is home to national monuments and museums, which are primarily situated on or around the National Mall. The city hosts 176 foreign embassies as well as the headquarters of international organizations, trade unions, non-profit organizations, lobbying groups. A locally elected mayor and a 13‑member council have governed the District since 1973, However, the Congress maintains supreme authority over the city and may overturn local laws. D. C. residents elect a non-voting, at-large congressional delegate to the House of Representatives, the District receives three electoral votes in presidential elections as permitted by the Twenty-third Amendment to the United States Constitution, ratified in 1961. Various tribes of the Algonquian-speaking Piscataway people inhabited the lands around the Potomac River when Europeans first visited the area in the early 17th century, One group known as the Nacotchtank maintained settlements around the Anacostia River within the present-day District of Columbia. Conflicts with European colonists and neighboring tribes forced the relocation of the Piscataway people, some of whom established a new settlement in 1699 near Point of Rocks, Maryland. 43, published January 23,1788, James Madison argued that the new government would need authority over a national capital to provide for its own maintenance. Five years earlier, a band of unpaid soldiers besieged Congress while its members were meeting in Philadelphia, known as the Pennsylvania Mutiny of 1783, the event emphasized the need for the national government not to rely on any state for its own security. However, the Constitution does not specify a location for the capital, on July 9,1790, Congress passed the Residence Act, which approved the creation of a national capital on the Potomac River. The exact location was to be selected by President George Washington, formed from land donated by the states of Maryland and Virginia, the initial shape of the federal district was a square measuring 10 miles on each side, totaling 100 square miles. Two pre-existing settlements were included in the territory, the port of Georgetown, Maryland, founded in 1751, many of the stones are still standing
6.
Annapolis, Maryland
–
Annapolis is the capital of the U. S. state of Maryland, as well as the county seat of Anne Arundel County. Its population was measured at 38,394 by the 2010 census, the city served as the seat of the Continental Congress in 1783–84 and was the site of the 1786 Annapolis Convention and the Annapolis Peace Conference, held in 2007. Annapolis is the home of St. Johns College as well as the United States Naval Academy, a settlement in the Province of Maryland named Providence was founded on the north shore of the Severn River in 1649 by Puritan exiles from Virginia led by Governor William Stone. The settlers later moved to a harbor on the south shore. The settlement on the shore was initially named Town at Proctors, then Town at the Severn. In 1654, after the Third English Civil War, Parliamentary forces assumed control of Maryland, per orders from Charles Calvert, fifth Lord Baltimore, Stone returned the following spring at the head of a Cavalier force. On March 25,1655, in what is known as the Battle of the Severn, Stone was defeated, taken prisoner, Fendall governed Maryland during the latter half of the Commonwealth. In 1660, he was replaced by Phillip Calvert as fifth/sixth Governor of Maryland), Annapolis was incorporated as a city in 1708. Water trades such as oyster-packing, boatbuilding and sailmaking became the chief industries. Annapolis is home to a number of recreational boats that have largely replaced the seafood industry in the city. Dr. Alexander Hamilton was a Scottish-born doctor and writer who lived and worked in Annapolis, Annapolis became the temporary capital of the United States after the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1783. For the 1783 Congress, the Governor of Maryland commissioned John Shaw, the flag is slightly different from other designs of the time. The blue field extends over the height of the hoist. Shaw created two versions of the flag, one started with a red stripe and another that started with a white one. In 1786, delegates from all states of the Union were invited to meet in Annapolis to consider measures for the regulation of commerce. Delegates from only five states—New York, Pennsylvania, Virginia, New Jersey, the Philadelphia convention drafted and approved the Constitution of the United States, which is still in force. During this period, a prisoner of war camp, Camp Parole, was set up in Annapolis. As the war continued, the camp expanded to a location just west of the city
7.
Maryland
–
The states largest city is Baltimore, and its capital is Annapolis. Among its occasional nicknames are Old Line State, the Free State, the state is named after Henrietta Maria of France, the wife of Charles I of England. George Calvert was the first Lord of Baltimore and the first English proprietor of the colonial grant. Maryland was the state to ratify the United States Constitution. Maryland is one of the smallest U. S. states in terms of area, as well as one of the most densely populated, Maryland has an area of 12,406.68 square miles and is comparable in overall area with Belgium. It is the 42nd largest and 9th smallest state and is closest in size to the state of Hawaii, the next largest state, its neighbor West Virginia, is almost twice the size of Maryland. Maryland possesses a variety of topography within its borders, contributing to its nickname America in Miniature. The mid-portion of this border is interrupted by Washington, D. C. which sits on land that was part of Montgomery and Prince Georges counties and including the town of Georgetown. This land was ceded to the United States Federal Government in 1790 to form the District of Columbia, the Chesapeake Bay nearly bisects the state and the counties east of the bay are known collectively as the Eastern Shore. Close to the town of Hancock, in western Maryland, about two-thirds of the way across the state. This geographical curiosity makes Maryland the narrowest state, bordered by the Mason–Dixon line to the north, portions of Maryland are included in various official and unofficial geographic regions. Much of the Baltimore–Washington corridor lies just south of the Piedmont in the Coastal Plain, earthquakes in Maryland are infrequent and small due to the states distance from seismic/earthquake zones. The M5.8 Virginia earthquake in 2011 was felt moderately throughout Maryland, buildings in the state are not well-designed for earthquakes and can suffer damage easily. The lack of any glacial history accounts for the scarcity of Marylands natural lakes, laurel Oxbow Lake is an over one-hundred-year-old 55-acre natural lake two miles north of Maryland City and adjacent to Russett. Chews Lake is a natural lake two miles south-southeast of Upper Marlboro. There are numerous lakes, the largest of them being the Deep Creek Lake. Maryland has shale formations containing natural gas, where fracking is theoretically possible, as is typical of states on the East Coast, Marylands plant life is abundant and healthy. Middle Atlantic coastal forests, typical of the southeastern Atlantic coastal plain, grow around Chesapeake Bay, moving west, a mixture of Northeastern coastal forests and Southeastern mixed forests cover the central part of the state
8.
Navy Midshipmen men's basketball
–
The Navy Midshipmen mens basketball team represents the United States Naval Academy, in Annapolis, Maryland, in NCAA Division I college basketball. The team competes in the Patriot League and plays its games in Alumni Hall. The U. S. Naval Academy began varsity competition in mens basketball in the 1907–08 season. The Midshipmen have appeared in the NCAA Tournament 11 times and made regional finals in 1954 and 1986 and their overall tournament record is 8–11. The Midshipmen have appeared in one National Invitation Tournament, the Athletic Hall of Fame is housed in Lejeune Hall. Among the exhibits is the Eastman Award won by David Robinson in 1987, laurence Wild – Later head coach of the team, and the 30th Governor of American Samoa. Brian Gregory – head mens coach at Georgia Tech Cliff Rees – over 1,100 career points at the Naval Academy
9.
Bucknell Bison men's basketball
–
The Bucknell Bison mens basketball team represents Bucknell University in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania in NCAA Division I competition. The schools team competes in the Patriot League and plays games in Sojka Pavilion. Bucknell began varsity competition in mens basketball in 1896. The Bison were retroactively recognized as the pre-NCAA Tournament national champion for the 1900–01 season by the Premo-Porretta Power Poll, the Bison have appeared in seven NCAA Tournaments. From 2011–2015 the round of 64 was known as the Second Round In 2005, Bucknell defeated #3 seed Kansas in the first round as a #14 seed and they were defeated by Wisconsin the second round. They received the award for Best Upset at the 2005 ESPY Awards, the 2006 Bucknell Bison received a #9 seed and defeated the #8 seeded Arkansas Razorbacks in the first round. They were defeated by #1 seeded Memphis Tigers in the second round, the Bison have appeared in the National Invitation Tournament three times
10.
George Washington Colonials men's basketball
–
The George Washington Colonials mens basketball team represents George Washington University in the United States capital, Washington, D. C. It plays its games in the Charles E. Smith Center. The schools team competes in the Atlantic 10 Conference. The school fired head coach Mike Lonergan on September 16,2016 after an investigation found him guilty of verbally and emotionally abusing his players, the school named assistant coach Maurice Joseph interim coach for the 2016–17 season. On March 27,2016, the school removed the interim tag, Mike Jarvis was hired as head coach in 1990. Led by future NBA player Yinka Dare, the Colonials received a bid to the 1993 NCAA Tournament. GW advanced to the Sweet Sixteen before losing to the Fab Five Michigan team, the Colonials would also make NCAA Tournament appearances in 1994,1996, and 1998 under Jarvis. Jarvis would leave the school in 1998 to accept the coaching position at St. Johns. The school then hired recently fired Texas head coach, Thomas Penders, Penders would spend three years at GW, before resigning amidst accusations of NCAA rules violations. GW would then turn Karl Hobbs on May 2,2001 as head coach and that year, the mens basketball team went on to win the Atlantic 10 West title and the Atlantic 10 Tournament, earning an automatic bid to the 2005 NCAA Tournament. The team received a No.12 seed, losing to No.5 seed Georgia Tech in the First Round. The team began the 2005–06 season ranked 21st in the Associated Press poll, reaching as high as sixth in the polls, with a 26–2 going into the 2006 NCAA Tournament. They received a bid to the Tournament as a No.8 seed where they came back from an 18-point second-half deficit to defeat No.9 seed UNC-Wilmington. However, in the Second Round, they lost to Duke, J. R. Pinnock was drafted in the 2006 NBA Draft and two other Colonials from that team played in the NBA. Pops Mensah-Bonsu played for the Dallas Mavericks, Houston Rockets, San Antonio Spurs, the 2006–07 basketball season was considered by many to be a rebuilding year for the Colonials after graduating their entire starting front court and losing Pinnock to the NBA. Coach Karl Hobbs and Senior guard Carl Elliott led the team to a 23–8 record, winning the 2007 Atlantic 10 Tournament, the Colonials were received a No.11 seed and lost to No. On May 11,2011, Mike Lonergan, former coach of Vermont, was hired to replace Hobbs. The 2011–12 basketball season, Lonergans first with the Colonials, resulted in a 10–21 record, by the 2013–14 season, Lonergan had rebuilt the program and finished third in the Atlantic 10 with a 24–8 record
11.
Basketball positions
–
The five basketball positions normally employed by organized basketball teams are the point guard, the shooting guard, the small forward, the power forward, and the center. While these position names are used, most modern teams use a point guard. The rules of basketball do not mandate them, and they are not used. Typically, the point guard is the leader of the team when on the court and this position requires substantial ball handling skills and the ability to facilitate the team during a play. The shooting guard, as the name implies, is often the best shooter and they are probably capable of shooting accurately from longer distances. Generally, they also have good ball-handling skills, the small forward often has an aggressive approach to the basket when handling the ball. The center is typically the larger of the two, during the 1980s, as team strategy evolved, more specialized roles developed, resulting in the five position designations utilized today. Team strategy and available personnel, however, still dictates the positions used by a particular team, for example, the Dribble drive motion offense and the Princeton offense utilize four interchangeable guards and one center. The point guard, also known as the one, is typically the teams best ball handler and passer, therefore, they often lead their team in assists and steals. They are often quick and are able to hit shots either outside the three-point line or in the paint, point guards are looked upon as the floor general or the coach on the floor. They should study the game and game film to be able to recognize the weaknesses of the defense, good point guards increase team efficiency and generally have a high number of assists. They are often referred to as dribblers or play-makers, in the NBA, point guards are usually the shortest players on the team and are mostly 6 feet 5 inches or shorter. The shooting guard is known as the two or the off guard. Along with the forward, a shooting guard is often referred to as a wing because of its use in common positioning tactics. As the name suggests, most shooting guards are good shooters from three-point range, besides being able to shoot the ball, shooting guards tend to have good ball handling skills and the ability to drive the ball to the basket, often creating their own shots off the dribble. A versatile shooting guard will have good passing skills, allowing them to point guard responsibilities known as combo guards. In the NBA, shooting guards usually range from 6 feet 4 inches to 6 feet 7 inches, the small forward is considered to be perhaps the most versatile of the main five basketball positions. Versatility is key for small forwards because of the nature of their role and this is why the small forward and shooting guard positions are often interchangeable and referred to as wings
12.
Georgetown Law
–
Georgetown University Law Center is one of the professional graduate schools of Georgetown University, a private research university located in Washington, D. C. Established in 1870, it is the second largest law school in the United States, by average salary, Georgetown Law graduates have ranked 6th in the U. S. In the 2014 edition, Georgetown was ranked the #13 law school in the nation overall, the school also ranked #1 in clinical programs, #3 in international law, #2 in tax law, #4 in trial advocacy, #7 in healthcare law, and #8 in environmental law. The 2014 QS World University Rankings list Georgetown as the 17th-best law school in the world, in its latest ranking, December 2014, Business Insider ranks Georgetown as the 7th best law school in the US. In law professor Brian Leiters most recent law school ranking, Georgetown ranked within the top ten law schools in selectivity, student quality, and Supreme Court clerkship placements respectively. Georgetown Law was ranked 5th in the 2010 Super Lawyers ranking, Georgetown Law receives the most J. D. applications of any law school in the United States. Opened as Georgetown Law School in 1870, Georgetown Law was the first law school run by a Jesuit institution within the United States, Georgetown Law has been separate from the main Georgetown campus since 1890, when it moved near what is now Chinatown. The Law Center campus is located on New Jersey Avenue, several blocks north of the Capitol, the school added the Edward Bennett Williams Law Library in 1989 and the Gewirz Student Center in 1993, providing on-campus living for the first time. The Campus Completion Project finished in 2005 with the addition of the Hotung International Building, Georgetown Laws original wall is preserved on the quad of the present-day campus. In 2010, Georgetown Law was the tenth most selective law school in the United States, for the class entering in the fall of 2016,2,320 out of 9,862 J. D. applicants were offered admission, with 576 matriculating. The 25th and 75th LSAT percentiles for the 2016 entering class were 162 and 168, respectively, the 25th and 75th undergraduate GPA percentiles were 3.52 and 3.86, respectively, with a median of 3.77. In the 2016–17 academic year, Georgetown Law had 1,722 full-time J. D. students and 242 part-time J. D. students. Of the 645 graduates in the Georgetown Law class of 2013,467 held long-term,600 graduates overall were employed,6 graduates were pursuing a graduate degree, and 38 graduates were unemployed. 363 graduates were employed in the sector, with 245 at law firms with over 250 attorneys. 238 graduates entered the sector, with 89 employed by the government,81 employed in public interest positions,57 in federal or state clerkships. 83 graduates received funding from Georgetown Law for their positions, the median reported starting salary for a 2013 graduate in the private sector was $160,000. The median reported starting salary for a 2013 graduate in the sector was $57,408. 238 graduates in the class of 2013 were employed in Washington, DC,144 in New York,12 were employed outside the United States
13.
Free throw
–
In basketball, free throws or foul shots are unopposed attempts to score points from a restricted area on the court, and are generally awarded after a foul on the shooter by the opposing team. Each successful free throw is one point. Free throws can normally be shot at a percentage by good players. In the NBA, most players make 70–80% of their attempts, the leagues best shooters can make roughly 90% of their attempts over a season, while notoriously poor shooters may struggle to make 50% of them. During a foul shot, a players foot must be completely behind the foul line, if a player lines up with part of his or her foot on the line, a violation is called and the shot doesnt count. Foul shots are worth one point, Rick Barry and youngest Canyon Barry, both career 90% shooters who used an unusual underhand method, believes that 80% is the minimum for a player to be considered good at the free throw. Mark Price, who broke Barrys career record, states that 75% is the minimum, tall players often shoot free throws poorly, though theoretically taller players should be better at making them. One possible explanation for this is that the release point of their shots can cause them to stand overly erect. Hall of Famer Wilt Chamberlain made just 51, on the other hand, there have also been big men who have been prolific scorers from free throws, who not surprisingly also have good outside shooting range. Some examples include Dallas Mavericks forward Dirk Nowitzki who, at 7 ft 0 in, has an average of 88% and Yao Ming who. There are many situations when free throws can be awarded, The first and most common is when a player is fouled while in the act of shooting. If the player misses the shot during the foul, the player receives two or three free throws depending on whether the shot was taken in front of or behind the three-point line. If, despite the foul, the still makes the attempted shot, the number of free throws is reduced to one. This is known as a three-point or four-point play, depending on the value of the made basket, the second is when the fouling team is in the team bonus situation. This happens when, in a period, a team commits a set number of fouls whether or not in the act of shooting. In the WNBA, the player shoots two free throws starting with the opponents fifth foul, or second team foul in the final minute if that team has committed under 5 fouls in a period. In NCAA mens basketball, beginning with the foul of the half, one free throw is awarded, if the player makes the free throw. This is called shooting a one-and-one, starting with the tenth foul of the half, two free throws are awarded
14.
United States
–
Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
15.
New Britain, Connecticut
–
New Britain is a city in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States. It is located approximately 9 miles southwest of Hartford, according to 2010 Census, the population of the city is 73,206. The citys official nickname is the Hardware City because of its history as a manufacturing center, because of its large Polish population, the city is often playfully referred to as New Britski. New Britain was settled in 1687 and then was incorporated as a new parish under the name New Britain Society in 1754, chartered in 1850 as a township and in 1871 as a city, New Britain had separated from the nearby town of Farmington, Connecticut. A consolidation charter was adopted in 1905, during the early part of the 20th century, New Britain was known as the Hardware Capital of the World, as well as Hardware City. Major manufacturers, such as The Stanley Works, the P&F Corbin Company, in 1843 Frederick Trent Stanley established Stanleys Bolt Manufactory in New Britain to make door bolts and other wrought-iron hardware. In 1857 his cousin Henry Stanley founded The Stanley Rule and Level Company in the city, the two companies merged in 1920, and the Stanley Rule and Level Company became the Hand Tools Division of Stanley Works. The wire coat hanger was invented in 1869 by O. A, in 1895, the basketball technique of dribbling was developed at the New Britain YMCA. In 1938, New Britain High School competed in the school football national championship game in Baton Rouge. 1954 saw the development of racquetball, also at the YMCA, New Britains motto, Industria implet alveare et melle fruitur – translated from Latin – means Industry fills the hive and enjoys the honey. This phrase was coined by Elihu Burritt, a 19th-century New Britain resident, diplomat, philanthropist and social activist. In 2007 it was reported that the Latin word for honey in the motto had been a typo for decades, it should be melle, but it had long been misspelled as mele. Former mayor William McNamara, who tried to fix it during his term. As controversy arose from the matter, the word was superseded with the correct spelling, melle. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has an area of 13.4 square miles. New Britains terrain is made up of soft, rolling hills. The many parks are populated with trees, and in small, undeveloped areas, New Britains streets also have many trees lining the sides of the roads. Many front yards in the half of the city have at least one tree
16.
Carrolltown, Pennsylvania
–
Carrolltown is a borough in Cambria County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 853 at the 2010 census, down from 1,049 at the 2000 census and it is part of the Johnstown, Pennsylvania Metropolitan Statistical Area. Carrolltown is located in northern Cambria County at 40°36′N 78°43′W, about 20 miles west of Altoona, U. S. Route 219 passes through the borough, leading northwest 6 miles to Northern Cambria and south 8 miles to Ebensburg, the county seat. According to the United States Census Bureau, Carrolltown has an area of 0.69 square miles. As of the census of 2000, there were 1,049 people,407 households, the population density was 1,583.8 people per square mile. There were 440 housing units at a density of 664.3 per square mile. The racial makeup of the borough was 99. 62% White,0. 19% African American,25. 3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 17. 0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.56 and the family size was 3.06. In the borough the population was out, with 22. 2% under the age of 18,7. 2% from 18 to 24,27. 4% from 25 to 44,23. 7% from 45 to 64. The median age was 41 years, for every 100 females there were 102.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.1 males, the median income for a household in the borough was $32,833, and the median income for a family was $39,792. Males had an income of $33,056 versus $17,500 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $16,250, about 6. 2% of families and 8. 0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 4. 7% of those under age 18 and 9. 8% of those age 65 or over. Bishop John Carroll Peter Henry Lemke, Roman Catholic missionary Victoria Lipnic, Commissioner of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission Carrolltown official website
17.
Saint Francis University
–
Saint Francis University is a four-year, coeducational Catholic liberal arts university in Loretto, Pennsylvania. It was founded in 1847 and conducted under the tradition of the Franciscan Friars of the Third Order Regular, the university is situated on 600 acres in the forests and farmland of Loretto. Located in Loretto, Pennsylvania, Saint Francis University enrolls approximately 1,745 undergraduate students and 619 graduate students, the University offers 25 undergraduate majors and 7 graduate fields of study to its students. The University maintains an average rate of 70. 8%. Saint Francis University has 22 mens and womens teams and competes in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association. The current president of the University is Rev. Malachi Van Tassell, mount Assisi Friary, formerly the residence of industrialist Charles M. Schwab, is home to several of the friars who staff the university. Also on the campus is the building for the Southern Alleghenies Museum of Art which has a number of smaller facilities across the local region. Immergrün Golf Course is a semi-private, nine-hole, regulation-length 3, 234-yard, immergrün has not been altered since Donald Ross built it for the steel magnate Charles M. Schwab in 1917. The university was one of the first Catholic universities in the United States, although it originally only admitted males, it became one of the first Catholic Universities to become co-educational. Loretto is the site of the first English-language Roman Catholic settlement established west of the Allegheny Front, in what is now the United States, in 2001 Saint Francis College was accredited with university status by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and renamed to Saint Francis University. Saint Francis University is consistently ranked among the top universities within the state of Pennsylvania. U. S. News & World Report has ranked Saint Francis University the 51st Best University in the Mid-Atlantic states to gain a Masters Degree as well as The 46th Best University in the North. In addition to these rankings, Saint Francis University released statistics that show 98% of university graduates either begin a job or start graduate school within nine months of graduation, the average student attending Saint Francis University is ranked within the top 20% of his/her graduating class upon freshman orientation. Saint Francis University also runs a campus at Ambialet, France in the Midi-Pyrénées, some classes are held at the Jean-François Champollion University Center for Teaching and Research which is a French university in the Academy of Toulouse in the city of Albi. Athletically, Saint Francis competes in the NCAAs Northeast Conference and their nickname is the Red Flash. The University has a total of 22 varsity sports teams, with nine teams and 13 womens programs all competing in NCAA Division I. Saint Francis University will be adding Womens Water Polo in 2016-2017 school year as its 23 varsity sport at the Division 1 level, in addition to this, there are also two club sport teams, ice hockey and baseball. He crossed the English Channel in 24 hours, boyton opened the first permanent amusement park in Chicago in 1894, as well as Sea Lion Park on Coney Island, New York in 1895, and Chutes Park in San Francisco, California in 1895
18.
Portland, Maine
–
Portland is the largest city in the U. S. state of Maine, with a population of 66,881 as of 2015. The Greater Portland metropolitan area is home to half a million people. The Old Port district is frequented by tourists, while Portland Head Light is also a destination, the city seal depicts a phoenix rising from ashes, which is a reference to the recoveries from four devastating fires. Portland was named for the English Isle of Portland, and the city of Portland, Oregon was in turn named after Portland, Native Americans originally called the Portland peninsula Machigonne. Portland, Maine was named for the English Isle of Portland, the first European settler was Capt. Christopher Levett, an English naval captain granted 6,000 acres in 1623 to found a settlement in Casco Bay. The settlement failed, and the fate of Levetts colonists is unknown, the explorer sailed from England to the Massachusetts Bay Colony to meet John Winthrop in 1630, but never returned to Maine. Fort Levett in the harbor is named for him, the peninsula was first permanently settled in 1632 as a fishing and trading village named Casco. When the Massachusetts Bay Colony took over Casco Bay in 1658, in 1676, the village was destroyed by the Abenaki during King Philips War. During King Williams War, a party of French and Native allies attacked. On October 18,1775, Falmouth was burned in the Revolution by the Royal Navy under command of Captain Henry Mowat, following the war, a section of Falmouth called The Neck developed as a commercial port and began to grow rapidly as a shipping center. In 1786, the citizens of Falmouth formed a town in Falmouth Neck and named it Portland, after the isle off the coast of Dorset. Portlands economy was greatly stressed by the Embargo Act of 1807, which ended in 1809, and the War of 1812, in 1820, Maine became a state with Portland as its capital. In 1832, the capital was moved north to Augusta, in 1851, Maine led the nation by passing the first state law prohibiting the sale of alcohol except for medicinal, mechanical or manufacturing purposes. The law subsequently became known as the Maine law, as 18 states quickly followed, on June 2,1855, the Portland Rum Riot occurred. In 1853, upon completion of the Grand Trunk Railway to Montreal, the Portland Company manufactured more than 600 19th-century steam locomotives. Portland became a 20th-century rail hub as five rail lines merged into Portland Terminal Company in 1911. Following nationalization of the Grand Trunk system in 1923, Canadian export traffic was diverted from Portland to Halifax, Nova Scotia, in the 20th century, icebreakers later enabled ships to reach Montreal in winter, drastically reducing Portlands role as a winter port for Canada. On June 26,1863, a Confederate raiding party led by Captain Charles Read, entered the harbor at Portland, more than 10,000 people were left homeless
19.
Portland High School (Maine)
–
Portland High School is a public high school established in 1821 in Portland, Maine, which educates grades 9–12. The school is part of the Portland Public Schools district and it is located at 284 Cumberland Avenue in downtown Portland. S. Joseph Libbey was its first principal, a separate school for girls was added in 1850, and in 1863 the school moved to Cumberland Avenue, its present location. Much of the wall has been removed, but its remains can still be seen in the basement, the school was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 23,1984. In 1989 a new annex was opened containing more classrooms, a cafeteria, a theater/auditorium, as of 2011, the school principal is Deborah Migneault and her assistants are Kimberly Wike and Kathy Marquis-Girard. Approximately 1000 students are enrolled each year, in June 2010,174 students graduated from Portland High School. Portland High School uses the off-campus Fitzpatrick Stadium, Hadlock Field, Portland Expo, troubh for the schools sporting events. The Deering High School and Portland High School football teams have played each other each Thanksgiving since 1911, John Ford, film director John Lynch, U. S. Representative Admiral Robert E. Peary, explorer, first to claim to reach the North Pole Quinton Porter, professional football player Thomas B. org Portland High Lacrosse Portland High Football
20.
Center (basketball)
–
The center, also known as the five or the big man, is one of the five positions in a regular basketball game. The center is normally the tallest player on the team, and often has a deal of strength. The tallest player to ever be drafted in the NBA was the 78 Yasutaka Okayama from Japan, the tallest players to ever play in the NBA, at 77, are centers Gheorghe Mureșan and Manute Bol. Standing at 72, Margo Dydek is the tallest player to have played in the WNBA. The center is considered a component for a successful team. But recently, the NBA has turned into a point guard league, great centers have been the foundation for most of the dynasties in both the NBA and NCAA. In the 1960s, Bill Russell and Wilt Chamberlain further transformed basketball by combining height with a level of athleticism than previous centers. Following the retirement of George Mikan, the rivalry of the two big men came to dominate the NBA, many of the records set by these two players have endured today. Most notably, Chamberlain and Russell hold the top eighteen season averages for rebounds, Bill Russell led the University of San Francisco to two consecutive NCAA Championships. He joined the Boston Celtics and helped make them one of the greatest dynasties in NBA history, Russell revolutionized defensive strategy with his shot-blocking, rebounding and physical man-to-man defense. His principal rival, Wilt Chamberlain, listed at 71,275 pounds, Chamberlain played college ball for the Kansas Jayhawks, leading them to the 1957 title game against the North Carolina Tar Heels. Although the Jayhawks lost by one point in overtime, Chamberlain was named the tournaments Most Outstanding Player. He also won seven scoring titles, eleven rebounding titles, and four regular season Most Valuable Player awards, including the distinction, in 1960, stronger than any player of his era, he was usually capable of scoring and rebounding at will. Most notably, Chamberlain is the player in NBA history to average more than 50 points in a season. He also holds the NBAs all-time records for rebounding average, rebounds in a single game, in contrast to the Celtics dynasty of the 1960s, the 1970s were a decade of parity in the NBA, with eight different champions and no back-to-back winners. At the college level, the UCLA Bruins, under Coach John Wooden, built the greatest dynasty in NCAA basketball history, UCLA had already won two consecutive titles in 1964 and 1965 with teams that pressed and emphasized guard play. After not winning in 1966, Woodens teams changed their style when Lew Alcindor became eligible and he led UCLA to three championships-in 1967,68 and 69-while winning the first Naismith College Player of the Year Award. During his college career, the NCAA enacted a ban on dunking primarily because of Alcindors dominant use of the shot
21.
Baltimore
–
Baltimore is the largest city in the U. S. state of Maryland, and the 29th-most populous city in the country. It was established by the Constitution of Maryland and is not part of any county, thus, it is the largest independent city in the United States, with a population of 621,849 as of 2015. As of 2010, the population of the Baltimore Metropolitan Area was 2.7 million, founded in 1729, Baltimore is the second largest seaport in the Mid-Atlantic. Baltimores Inner Harbor was once the leading port of entry for immigrants to the United States. With hundreds of identified districts, Baltimore has been dubbed a city of neighborhoods, in the War of 1812, Francis Scott Key wrote The Star-Spangled Banner, later the American national anthem, in Baltimore. More than 65,000 properties, or roughly one in three buildings in the city, are listed on the National Register, more than any city in the nation. The city has 289 properties listed on the National Register of Historic Places, the historical records of the government of Baltimore are located at the Baltimore City Archives. The city is named after Cecil Calvert, second Lord Baltimore, of the Irish House of Lords, Baltimore Manor was the name of the estate in County Longford on which the Calvert family lived in Ireland. Baltimore is an anglicization of the Irish name Baile an Tí Mhóir, in 1608, Captain John Smith traveled 210 miles from Jamestown to the uppermost Chesapeake Bay, leading the first European expedition to the Patapsco River. The name Patapsco is derived from pota-psk-ut, which translates to backwater or tide covered with froth in Algonquian dialect, a quarter century after John Smiths voyage, English colonists began to settle in Maryland. The area constituting the modern City of Baltimore and its area was first settled by David Jones in 1661. He claimed the area today as Harbor East on the east bank of the Jones Falls stream. In the early 1600s, the immediate Baltimore vicinity was populated, if at all. The Baltimore area had been inhabited by Native Americans since at least the 10th millennium BC, one Paleo-Indian site and several Archaic period and Woodland period archaeological sites have been identified in Baltimore, including four from the Late Woodland period. During the Late Woodland period, the culture that is called the Potomac Creek complex resided in the area from Baltimore to the Rappahannock River in Virginia. It was located on the Bush River on land that in 1773 became part of Harford County, in 1674, the General Assembly passed An Act for erecting a Court-house and Prison in each County within this Province. The site of the house and jail for Baltimore County was evidently Old Baltimore near the Bush River. In 1683, the General Assembly passed An Act for Advancement of Trade to establish towns, ports, one of the towns established by the act in Baltimore County was on Bush River, on Town Land, near the Court-House
22.
Mount Saint Joseph High School
–
The school colors are purple and cream. The mascot of the Mount is the Gael, the most success has come from the wrestling program, whose varsity team has over 20 conference championships and 9 national championships. The basketball team won the Baltimore Catholic League in 2012/13, there is also a chapter of the National Honor Society, as well as an ACE Mentoring program for aspiring engineers. The Drama Club partners up with the local Catholic all-girls school, james McFee Dorsey 1889 - Writer, Poet, Direct Descendant of Col. The two schools share their long history with each other
23.
United States Army
–
The United States Armed Forces are the federal armed forces of the United States. They consist of the Army, Marine Corps, Navy, Air Force, from the time of its inception, the military played a decisive role in the history of the United States. A sense of unity and identity was forged as a result of victory in the First Barbary War. Even so, the Founders were suspicious of a permanent military force and it played an important role in the American Civil War, where leading generals on both sides were picked from members of the United States military. Not until the outbreak of World War II did a standing army become officially established. The National Security Act of 1947, adopted following World War II and during the Cold Wars onset, the U. S. military is one of the largest militaries in terms of number of personnel. It draws its personnel from a pool of paid volunteers. As of 2016, the United States spends about $580.3 billion annually to fund its military forces, put together, the United States constitutes roughly 40 percent of the worlds military expenditures. For the period 2010–14, the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute found that the United States was the worlds largest exporter of major arms, the United States was also the worlds eighth largest importer of major weapons for the same period. The history of the U. S. military dates to 1775 and these forces demobilized in 1784 after the Treaty of Paris ended the War for Independence. All three services trace their origins to the founding of the Continental Army, the Continental Navy, the United States President is the U. S. militarys commander-in-chief. Rising tensions at various times with Britain and France and the ensuing Quasi-War and War of 1812 quickened the development of the U. S. Navy, the reserve branches formed a military strategic reserve during the Cold War, to be called into service in case of war. Time magazines Mark Thompson has suggested that with the War on Terror, Command over the armed forces is established in the United States Constitution. The sole power of command is vested in the President by Article II as Commander-in-Chief, the Constitution also allows for the creation of executive Departments headed principal officers whose opinion the President can require. This allowance in the Constitution formed the basis for creation of the Department of Defense in 1947 by the National Security Act, the Defense Department is headed by the Secretary of Defense, who is a civilian and member of the Cabinet. The Defense Secretary is second in the chain of command, just below the President. Together, the President and the Secretary of Defense comprise the National Command Authority, to coordinate military strategy with political affairs, the President has a National Security Council headed by the National Security Advisor. The collective body has only power to the President
24.
Virginia
–
Virginia is a state located in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, as well as in the historic Southeast. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth are shaped by the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Chesapeake Bay, the capital of the Commonwealth is Richmond, Virginia Beach is the most populous city, and Fairfax County is the most populous political subdivision. The Commonwealths estimated population as of 2014 is over 8.3 million, the areas history begins with several indigenous groups, including the Powhatan. In 1607 the London Company established the Colony of Virginia as the first permanent New World English colony, slave labor and the land acquired from displaced Native American tribes each played a significant role in the colonys early politics and plantation economy. Although the Commonwealth was under one-party rule for nearly a century following Reconstruction, the Virginia General Assembly is the oldest continuous law-making body in the New World. The state government was ranked most effective by the Pew Center on the States in both 2005 and 2008 and it is unique in how it treats cities and counties equally, manages local roads, and prohibits its governors from serving consecutive terms. Virginias economy changed from agricultural to industrial during the 1960s and 1970s. Virginia has an area of 42,774.2 square miles, including 3,180.13 square miles of water. Virginias boundary with Maryland and Washington, D. C. extends to the mark of the south shore of the Potomac River. The southern border is defined as the 36° 30′ parallel north, the border with Tennessee was not settled until 1893, when their dispute was brought to the U. S. Supreme Court. The Chesapeake Bay separates the portion of the Commonwealth from the two-county peninsula of Virginias Eastern Shore. The bay was formed from the river valleys of the Susquehanna River. Many of Virginias rivers flow into the Chesapeake Bay, including the Potomac, Rappahannock, York, and James, the Tidewater is a coastal plain between the Atlantic coast and the fall line. It includes the Eastern Shore and major estuaries of Chesapeake Bay, the Piedmont is a series of sedimentary and igneous rock-based foothills east of the mountains which were formed in the Mesozoic era. The region, known for its clay soil, includes the Southwest Mountains around Charlottesville. The Blue Ridge Mountains are a province of the Appalachian Mountains with the highest points in the state. The Ridge and Valley region is west of the mountains and includes the Great Appalachian Valley, the region is carbonate rock based and includes Massanutten Mountain. The Cumberland Plateau and the Cumberland Mountains are in the southwest corner of Virginia, in this region, rivers flow northwest, with a dendritic drainage system, into the Ohio River basin
25.
National Collegiate Athletic Association
–
The National Collegiate Athletic Association is a non-profit association which regulates athletes of 1,281 institutions, conferences, organizations, and individuals. It also organizes the programs of many colleges and universities in the United States and Canada. The organization is headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana, in 2014, the NCAA generated almost a billion dollars in revenue. 80 to 90% of this revenue was due to the Division I Mens Basketball Tournament and this revenue is then distributed back into various organizations and institutions across the United States. In August 1973, the current three-division setup of Division I, Division II, under NCAA rules, Division I and Division II schools can offer scholarships to athletes for playing a sport. Division III schools may not offer any athletic scholarships, generally, larger schools compete in Division I and smaller schools in II and III. Division I football was divided into I-A and I-AA in 1978. Subsequently, the term Division I-AAA was briefly added to delineate Division I schools which do not field a football program at all, in 2006, Divisions I-A and I-AA were respectively renamed the Football Bowl Subdivision and Football Championship Subdivision. Inter-collegiate sports began in the US in 1852 when crews from Harvard University, as other sports emerged, notably football and basketball, many of these same concepts and standards were adopted. Football, in particular, began to emerge as a marquee sport, the IAAUS was officially established on March 31,1906, and took its present name, the NCAA, in 1910. For several years, the NCAA was a group and rules-making body, but in 1921, the first NCAA national championship was conducted. Gradually, more rules committees were formed and more championships were created, a series of crises brought the NCAA to a crossroads after World War II. The Sanity Code – adopted to establish guidelines for recruiting and financial aid – failed to curb abuses, postseason football games were multiplying with little control, and member schools were increasingly concerned about how the new medium of television would affect football attendance. The complexity of problems and the growth in membership and championships demonstrated the need for full-time professional leadership. Walter Byers, previously an executive assistant, was named executive director in 1951. Byers wasted no time placing his stamp on the Association, as college athletics grew, the scope of the nations athletics programs diverged, forcing the NCAA to create a structure that recognized varying levels of emphasis. In 1973, the Associations membership was divided into three legislative and competitive divisions – I, II, and III, five years later in 1978, Division I members voted to create subdivisions I-A and I-AA in football. Until the 1980s, the association did not offer womens athletics, instead, the Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women, with nearly 1000 member schools, governed womens collegiate sports in the United States
26.
Johns Hopkins Blue Jays
–
The Johns Hopkins Blue Jays are the athletic teams that represent Johns Hopkins University. They compete in the NCAA Division III, except for their lacrosse teams and they are primarily members of the Centennial Conference. The team colors are Columbia blue and black, and the blue jay is their mascot, Homewood Field is the home stadium. Hopkins celebrates Homecoming in the spring to coincide with the height of the lacrosse season, the Lacrosse Museum and National Hall of Fame, governed by US Lacrosse, is located on the Homewood campus and is adjacent to Homewood Field. Past Johns Hopkins lacrosse teams have represented the United States in international competition, at the 1932 Summer Olympics lacrosse demonstration event Hopkins played for the US. They have also gone to Melbourne, Australia to win the 1974 World Lacrosse Championship, originally, the Johns Hopkins athletes were not called Blue Jays but the Black and Blue, a nickname derived from their athletic colors. Hopkins archivist James Stimpert has theorized that the Blue Jay name stemmed from Hopkins student humor magazine, The Black and Blue Jay, the Black and Blue came from the athletic colors and the Jay most likely stood for first initial in Johns Hopkins. The rivalry with Maryland is the most prominent in college lacrosse, on June 3,2013, it was announced that Johns Hopkins would be joining the Big Ten Conference as a Sport Affiliate member in Mens Lacrosse starting in 2015. The Blue Jays Mens soccer team has won eight Centennial Conference Regular Season titles along with another four ECAC titles previously to joining the Centennial Conference in 1993, the team has reached the NCAA tournament 12 times in the programs history. The team is currently on a streak of 16 winning seasons and has had over 20 All-American selections, the Swimming team also has ranked in the top two of Division III for the last 10 years. Hopkins also has a rivalry with McDaniel College, playing the Green Terrors 83 times in football since the first game in 1894. Johns Hopkins latest team to encounter postseason success is the baseball team. The Blue Jays finished runner-up to Trinity College, losing the championship game, the womens cross country team has experienced great success in recent years, finishing 7th at the NCAA championship in 2009 and 2010. The cross country and track & field teams have also had several All-American runners in the past few years, in 2012, the womens cross country team beat out top-ranked MIT to become the first womens program in Johns Hopkins history to win an NCAA championship. They also won the NCAA championship in 2013 and 2014, giving them 3 championships in just 8 appearances, the Johns Hopkins womens volleyball team won their 1st Centennial Conference Title in 2011. The volleyball team has 4 NCAA All-Americans
27.
United States Naval Academy
–
The United States Naval Academy is a four-year coeducational federal service academy in Annapolis, Maryland, United States. The entire campus is a National Historic Landmark and home to historic sites, buildings. It replaced Philadelphia Naval Asylum, in Philadelphia, that served as the first United States Naval Academy from 1838 to 1845 when the Naval Academy formed in Annapolis. Candidates for admission generally must both apply directly to the academy and receive a nomination, usually from a Member of Congress, students are officers-in-training and are referred to as midshipmen. Tuition for midshipmen is fully funded by the Navy in exchange for an active duty service obligation upon graduation, approximately 1,200 plebes enter the Academy each summer for the rigorous Plebe Summer, but only about 1,000 midshipmen graduate. The United States Naval Academy has some of the highest paid graduates in the according to starting salary. Midshipmen are required to adhere to the academys Honor Concept, the United States Naval Academys campus is located in Annapolis, Maryland, at the confluence of the Severn River and the Chesapeake Bay. In its 2016 edition, U. S. News & World Report ranked the U. S. Naval Academy as the No.1 public liberal arts college and tied for the 9th best overall liberal arts college in the U. S. In the category of High School Counselor Rankings of National Liberal Arts Colleges, Military Academy and the U. S. Air Force Academy, and is tied for the No.5 spot for Best Undergraduate Engineering program at schools where doctorates not offered. In 2016, Forbes ranked the U. S. Naval Academy as No.24 overall in its report Americas Top Colleges, nominations may be made by members of and delegates to Congress, the President or Vice-President, the Secretary of the Navy or certain other sources. Candidates must also pass a fitness test and a thorough medical exam as part of the application process. In the 21st century, there have been about 1,200 students in each new class of plebes, the U. S. government pays for tuition, room, and board. Midshipmen receive monthly pay of $1,017.00, as of 2015, from this amount, pay is automatically deducted for the cost of uniforms, books, supplies, services, and other miscellaneous expenses. Midshipmen only receive a portion of their pay in cash while the rest is released during firstie year. Midshipmen fourth-class to midshipmen second-class receive monthly stipends of $100, $200, $300, Midshipmen first-class receive the difference between pay and outstanding expenses. Students at the academy are addressed as Midshipman, an official military rank. The same term comprises both males and females, upon graduation, most naval academy midshipmen are commissioned as ensigns in the Navy or second lieutenants in the Marine Corps and serve a minimum of five years after their commissioning. If they are selected to serve as a pilot, they will serve 8–11 years minimum from their date of winging, Foreign midshipmen are commissioned into the armed forces of their native countries
28.
Gallaudet University
–
Gallaudet University /ˌɡæləˈdɛt/ is a federally-chartered private university for the education of the Deaf and hard of hearing located in Washington, D. C. on a 99 acres campus. Founded in 1864, Gallaudet University was originally a school for both deaf and blind children. Hearing students are admitted to the school and a small number are also admitted as undergraduates each year. The university was named after Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet, a figure in the advancement of deaf education. Gallaudet University is officially bilingual, with American Sign Language and English used for instruction, although there are no specific ASL proficiency requirements for undergraduate admission, many graduate programs require varying degrees of knowledge of the language as a prerequisite. In 1856, philanthropist and former United States Postmaster General Amos Kendall became aware of several deaf and blind children in Washington, Kendall had the courts declare the children to be his wards and donated 2 acres of his land to establish housing and a school for them. Edward Miner Gallaudet was the first superintendent of the new school, later, John Carlin suggested placing a monument of Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet with Alice Cogswell. In 1857, the 34th Congress passed H. R, seven years later, in 1864, the 38th Congress authorized the institution to grant and confirm college degrees. The collegiate department became known as the National Deaf-Mute College, the following year, in 1865, the 38th Congress removed the instruction that the institution was to educate the blind, and renamed it the Columbia Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf and Dumb. In 1954, Congress amended the charter of the institution, changing the name to Gallaudet College. During his 17 years as Dean of the College in the 1950s and 1960s and he also led the college in developing new departments, especially drama. He directed Gallaudet theater productions, which led to starting the National Theatre of the Deaf. In 1986, Congress again amended the charter of the Institution, the school was established in 1857 with considerable efforts being made by several concerned citizens of Washington, D. C. Two houses were used, one purchased and one rented, on November 1,1858, the First Annual Report was submitted to the Secretary of the Interior. During the schools second year of operation,14 deaf students and 7 blind students were in attendance. The Second Annual Report was submitted November 5,1859, during the third academic year, Kendall beseeched the federal government for funds to relocate the school to more spacious grounds. Gallaudet praised Kendall for donating money needed to construct a new building, however. There were 24 deaf students, necessitating a second teacher of the deaf, the teacher of the 6 blind students resigned due to health concerns
29.
NYU Violets
–
NYU Violets is the nickname of the sports teams and other competitive teams at New York University. The school colors are purple and white, although officially known as the Violets, the school mascot is a bobcat. The Violets compete as a member of NCAA Division III in the University Athletic Association conference, the university sponsors 23 varsity sports, as well as club teams and intramural sports. For more than a century, NYU athletes have worn violet and white colors in competition, NYU long offered a full athletic program, and was in fact a pioneer in the area of intercollegiate sports. When NYU began playing football in 1873 it was one of the first football teams established in the United States. However, in a somewhat similar to what occurred with NYUs current conference rival Chicago Maroons. The school terminated its football program in 1953. In 1971 the basketball program was abruptly dropped, in 1981, at the urging of then president John Brademas, NYU removed its remaining sports from NCAA Division I to Division III. Still, NYU maintains a significant history of athletic success, Intercollegiate sports at NYU also had moments of importance beyond anything shown by a scoreboard. In the 1940 season, before a game between NYU and Missouri in Columbia, Missouri,2,000 NYU students protested against the gentlemens agreement to exclude African-American athletes. At the time, it was the largest protest ever against this practice, since beginning play in 1873, NYU football has had many football players earn recognition for their achievements, most notably 1928 All-American and future Hall-of-Famer Ken Strong. The most successful coach in NYU history was Chick Meehan. In 1939, head coach Mal Stevens led NYU to a 5–1 start, additionally, the model for the Heisman Trophy is based on 1930s NYU football star Ed Smith. While a member of Division I, the Violets mens basketball program achieved far greater success than the football team. Its best NCAA tournament result was finishing as national runner-up to Oklahoma State in the 1945 NCAA tournament, NYU returned to the Final Four in 1960, losing to Ohio State, whose roster featured legends Jerry Lucas and John Havlicek. NYU was even successful in the years before the advent of the NIT tournament or the NCAA tournament. The Violets most recent post-season accomplishment as a Division I school was finishing as the runner-up to BYU in the 1966 National Invitation Tournament, NYU maintained a nationally ranked basketball team through the sixties with such stars as Barry Kramer and Satch Sanders going to the NBA. NYU continues to compete at the Division I level in fencing, the universitys mens fencing team won the most NCAA Division I championships or co-championships prior to the NCAAs establishment of coed team competition in 1990
30.
Virginia Tech Hokies men's basketball
–
The Virginia Tech Hokies mens basketball team is a NCAA Division I college basketball team competing in the Atlantic Coast Conference. Home games are played at Cassell Coliseum, located on Virginia Techs campus in Blacksburg, as of August 5,2015 the floor is known as Virginia Tech Carilion Court. Buzz Williams has been the coach since 2014. The Hokies have made the NCAA Tournament 9 times, the most recent appearance coming in 2017, the Hokies first intercollegiate basketball game was played January 22,1909, resulting in a 33–26 win over Emory & Henry College. During the 1909–10 campaign, the Hokies completed the undefeated season in school history by posting an 11–0 mark. From 1921 to 1965, Virginia Tech was a member of the Southern Conference, in 1973, under coach Don DeVoe, Virginia Tech defeated Notre Dame to win the NIT. In the 1970s and 80s, Virginia Tech saw its most sustained period of success under head coach Charles Moir, the Hokies appeared in four NCAA Tournaments in Moirs tenure as coach from 1976 to 1987. In 1978, Virginia Tech joined the Metropolitan Collegiate Athletic Conference after many years of being an independent school, Moir coached 11 seasons and holds the all-time wins record at Virginia Tech with 213. Bill C. Foster took over as coach in 1991. They won the 1995 National Invitation Tournament under Coach Foster. The Hokies remained members of the Metro Conference until 1995 when they joined the Atlantic 10, in five years in the A-10, the Hokies won one regular season championship and appeared in the 1996 NCAA Tournament. Foster was replaced by Bobby Hussey prior to the 1997–98 season, after two years, Hussey was replaced by Ricky Stokes. From 2000 to 2004, the Hokies were members of the Big East, Virginia Tech saw a resurgence of its basketball program under coach Seth Greenberg who was hired prior to the 2003–04 season. In 2005, Virginia Tech joined the Atlantic Coast Conference, during the 2006–07 season, Virginia Tech beat Duke at Cameron Indoor Stadium and also beat top-ranked North Carolina in Blacksburg. The Hokies went on to beat fourth-ranked North Carolina in Chapel Hill that same season, the Hokies earned a bid to the NCAA Tournament that season as a #5 seed and beat Illinois before losing to Southern Illinois. In January 2009, Virginia Tech beat #1 ranked Wake Forest, the Hokies finished the 2008–09 season with a record of 23–8 and were snubbed for the NCAA Tournament partially because they had one of the worst nonconference schedule strengths in recent memory. They received a bid to the NIT where they advanced to the round before losing to Rhode Island. The following year Virginia Tech added another victory over a team on February 26,2011. But, they received a bid to the NIT, just missing out on the NCAA Tournament
31.
McKinley Technology High School
–
McKinley Technology High School is a public city-wide 9th-12th grade high school in the District of Columbia Public Schools in Northeast Washington, D. C. The school, an offshoot of Central High School, originally was called McKinley Technical High School and was located at 7th Street NW and Rhode Island Avenue NW in the District of Columbia. The United States Congress allocated $26 million in 1926 for the construction of the building at 2nd and T Streets NE. The school is named for William McKinley, the 25th President of the United States, the school was exclusively for white residents of the City of Washington until integrated with other DC schools by an Executive Order by President Dwight D. Eisenhower in June 1954. The school underwent a change in the ethnic groups attending the school, similar to other schools in Washington, DC. The school continued to offer outstanding programs in printing, automotive technology, between 1929 and 1940 and again in 1942-1943 the schools gymnasium, Tech Gymnasium, served as a home court for the Georgetown Hoyas basketball team. In 1965, the football field was a secret emergency landing area for President Lyndon B. Johnson in the event of a national emergency or attack on the United States. The school had a production program taught in the Lemuel Penn Center in the 1970s. Its quiz teams during that era fared well on Americas longest running television quiz program, enrollment fell from a peak of 2400 in the late 1960s to approximately 500 in the mid-1990s. The school was selected for closure during the period of the congressionally authorized financial control board, the school was shuttered in June 1997. After assuming the position of Mayor in January 1999, planning began on a school that did not have a decided location, in 2000 a decision was made to place the new school in the closed McKinley facility. Plans at that time included placing incubator companies in the facility and using the facility for development for the DC Public Schools. In July 2001, the opening was delayed from 2002 to 2003. In January 2002, Daniel Gohl assumed the role of Founding Principal, coming from the Science Academy of Austin in Austin, in October 2002 the DC School Board delayed the opening again to September 2004. Renovations to the campus and modernization in a manner consistent with its intended role as a technology school were cited as reasons for the delay. The school finally reopened on September 1,2004, for grades 9 and 10, on August 28,2006, the school had a complete program for grades 9-12 and an enrollment of 800 students. The curricula, teaching staff and structure of the program were overhauled to reflect the demands of the 21st global century, the school added economics, global perspectives, AVID, AP computer science and Engineering through Project Lead the Way. Instructional Coaches were added to the program and professional development was enhanced, the results were impressive and in the spring of 2012 McKinley reached the coveted status of a 90/90 school with 90% of students minority and 90% proficient/advanced in math and literacy
32.
Washington Coliseum
–
The Washington Coliseum, formerly Uline Arena, is an indoor arena in Washington, D. C. located at 1132,1140, and 1146 3rd Street, Northeast, Washington, D. C. It was the site of the first concert by The Beatles in the United States and it is directly adjacent to the railroad tracks, just north of Union Station, and bounded by L and M Streets. It also was host to performances and athletic events of varying types, including ice skating, martial arts, ballet, music, circuses. As an arena, it held 7,000 to 9,000 people for events, the 11, 000-seat Uline Ice Arena, which opened in February 1941, was built by Miguel L. Uncle Mike Uline for his ice hockey team, the Washington Lions of the now defunct Eastern Amateur Hockey League, Uline built the arena next to his ice business, in which he had made his fortune. The first act at the new arena was Sonja Henies Hollywood Ice Revue, during the war, Uline repurposed the arena as a housing facility for U. S. service members. After World War II ended in 1945, the arena was restored for use as an ice hockey, Earl Lloyd, the first African American athlete to play for an NBA team, played for the Capitols at Uline Arena on October 31,1950. The team folded at the end of the 1950-1951 season, during the 1946-1947, 1949-1950, and 1950-1951 seasons, the Georgetown University Hoyas mens basketball team played its home games at Uline Arena. One of President Dwight D. Eisenhower′s two inaugural balls in 1953 was held at Uline Arena, retired boxer Joe Louis made his debut as a professional wrestler at Uline Arena on March 16,1956, defeating Cowboy Rocky Lee. Jewelry wholesaler Harry G. Lynn bought the arena in 1959 for $1 million, in 1959, Elijah Muhammad gave a speech there, and Malcolm X once spoke there as well. In 1960, Lynn renamed the building the Washington Coliseum, on February 11,1964, The Beatles played their first concert in the United States at the Washington Coliseum, less than 48 hours after the bands appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show. Tickets to the show at the Coliseum ranged from $2 to $4, there were 8,092 fans at the concert, which was opened by The Chiffons, The Caravelles, and Tommy Roe. The Beatles opened with Roll Over Beethoven, in 2014, Roe reflected that the marquee didnt say anything about the other acts. Thats just the way it worked, I was there to do my two songs and then get off the stage. The Beatles played for approximately 40 minutes, Bob Dylan performed at the Washington Coliseum, and the photograph of Dylan on the cover of Bob Dylans Greatest Hits was taken at a concert at the Coliseum on November 28,1965. In 1967, after a riot during a performance by The Temptations, the American Basketball Associations defending championship team, the Oakland Oaks, moved to Washington and played as the Washington Caps during the 1969–1970 season. The Oaks were owned by entertainer Pat Boone and had captured the ABA Championship in the 1968–69 season, however, Boone subsequently sold the team to Earl Foreman due to poor attendance in Oakland. Foreman relocated the franchise to Washington, hall of Famers Rick Barry and Larry Brown played for the Caps, with Brown leading the league in assists and Barry averaging 27 points per game
33.
D.C. Armory
–
Armory is an armory and a 10, 000-seat multi-purpose arena located in Washington, D. C. managed by the Washington Convention and Sports Authority. The Armory was constructed and opened in 1941, as the headquarters, armory, in recent years it has also become a venue for a broad range of events. Construction on the armory began on June 2,1940, the structure was designed by the citys Municipal Architect, Nathan C. Armory replaced the National Armory, a 1910 structure which was designed by New York City architect Electus D. Litchfield. The Armorys Drill Field is approximately 80,000 square feet and has hosted shows, concerts, warehouse sales, the Washington Auto Show, sporting events. The Washington Diplomats played indoor soccer at the armory in 1978, the Armory has been home to the DC Rollergirls, D. C. s female flat track roller derby league, since February 2008. In 2009, the Armory became home to the D. C, armor, an American Indoor Football Association team. Popular Dutch trance artist Armin van Buuren played a 6 hour set at the Armory in 2011, during World War II, the Armory was used by the FBI Identification Division to house fingerprint records. Inauguration balls spanning from the presidencies of Harry S. Truman to Barack Obama have also hosted at the Armory. Frank Sinatra and Peter Lawford produced President Kennedys pre-inaugural gala at the Armory on January 19,1961, the Armory is served by the Stadium–Armory station on the Blue and Orange Lines of the Washington Metro. The Armory shares a 10,000 car parking lot with the adjacent Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium, initially, nonmilitary use of the Armory was facilitated by the D. C. Armory Board, which was formed in 1948, during its existence the board oversaw the use of both the Armory and RFK Stadium. In 1994 the board was dissolved and the use of the Armory came under the authority of the D. C. Sports and Entertainment Commission, which became the Washington Convention. Benedetto, Robert, Du Vall, Kathleen, Donovan, Jane, buildings of the District of Columbia. WCSA official site DC National Guard DC Office of Tax and Revenue----Ownership
34.
McDonough Gymnasium
–
It opened in 1951 and now holds 2,500 people. The building is named for Rev. Vincent J. McDonough, georgetowns athletic director from 1916 to 1928. When it opened, its capacity was 4,000 for basketball and 5,500 for general events, mcDonoughs opening allowed the Georgetown mens team to move back on campus, and it was the home court of the Hoyas for 30 seasons, from 1951-52 through 1980-81. The Hoyas had a.500 or better record in 29 of their 30 seasons at McDonough. McDonough hosted a game of the Division I mens basketball ECAC South Region Tournament, organized by the Eastern College Athletic Conference. 4 Missouri in February 1982 and Big East rival Providence in January 1984, a scheduling conflict at the Verizon Center, which already had booked the Ringling Brothers and Barnum & Bailey Circus on game day, forced Georgetown to host a 2014 NIT game at McDonough. In addition to a mens basketball game, McDonough Gymnasium hosts Georgetown womens basketball. Many concerts have been there, including shows by Ray Charles, Bruce Springsteen, and The Who. Freshman convocation is hosted in McDonough Gymnasium at the beginning of academic year. Until Yates Field House opened in 1979, McDonough Gymnasium was the facility for intramural sports on the Georgetown campus. Thompson Jr. Intercollegiate Athletics Center, which adjacent to the southeast corner of McDonough. Construction of the new center began in November 2014, the Thompson Center replaced McDonough as the universitys primary athletic center, but McDonough remains in use
35.
Capital Centre
–
The Capital Centre was an indoor arena in the eastern United States, located in Landover, Maryland, a suburb east of Washington, D. C. Opened in late 1973, it was the home for the Washington Bullets of the National Basketball Association. The Bullets moved to the Washington area from nearby Baltimore, the seating capacity was 18,756 for basketball and 18,130 for hockey. In 1993, the air carrier USAir purchased the rights for the building. When the airline went through its 1996 rebranding and became US Airways, most TV and radio crews broadcasting from the venue referred to it by its nickname Cap Centre. The venue was demolished in December 2002, though its name lives on in a complex located on the former site of the arena as The Boulevard at the Capital Centre. It was located just outside the Capital Beltway at exit 16, less than a mile southeast of FedExField, the Washington Wizards were known as the Bullets until 1997, and played the first 5 games of the 1997–98 NBA season at the old arena. All three teams departed for the MCI Center just north of The Mall in D. C. when it opened on December 2,1997, the Capital Centre hosted its first NBA game exactly 24 years earlier as the Capital Bullets defeated the Seattle SuperSonics, 98–96. During November 1973, the Capital Bullets held their games at nearby Cole Field House on the campus of the University of Maryland in College Park. The arena hosted games of the NBA Finals in 1975 when the Bullets played the Golden State Warriors and again in 1978 and 1979, the Bullets won in 1978, but lost the other two series. The ACC mens basketball tournament was held there in 1976,1981, the 1980 NBA All-Star Game and 1982 NHL All-Star Game were held there, as was the WWFs Survivor Series 1995. The arena also was home to a few epic NHL playoff games, the Washington/Maryland Commandos of the Arena Football League also called the arena home in 1987 and 1989. The Maryland Arrows, Washington Wave and Washington Power lacrosse teams used the arena, a boxing World Heavyweight Championship bout took place at the venue in 1976 with Jimmy Young challenging the champion Muhammad Ali. The fight on April 30 went the full 15 rounds and was awarded unanimously to Ali, footage of past Washington Bullets games held at the Capital Centre was used in the 1979 comedy film The Fish That Saved Pittsburgh. The first concert held at the Capital Centre was the Allman Brothers Band on December 4,1973. They were backed up by the James Montgomery Blues Band who played from 9 P. M. until midnight, the Allman Brothers played until 3,30 A. M. The Who played there on two later on December 6. It was festival seating at the concert and there were no seats on the floor as the venue was newly opened and this was part of their debut of their rock opera Quadrophenia
36.
Capital One Arena
–
The Verizon Center, formerly known as the MCI Center, is a sports and entertainment arena in Washington, D. C. and Verizon. Located in the Chinatown neighborhood of Washington, D. C. the Verizon Center sits atop the Gallery Place rapid transit station of the Washington Metro and it will soon be home to the new Washington Valor team in the Arena Football League in 2017. The arenas seating capacity is 20,308 for basketball and 18,506 for ice hockey, the Verizon Center is owned by Monumental Sports & Entertainment and is situated on top of land leased from the District of Columbia. The Verizon Center was built in the mid-1990s solely with private financing and was owned by Abe Pollin from 1997 to June 2010. Leonsis subsequently formed a new management company—Monumental Sports & Entertainment, the Verizon Center is largely considered to be a commercial success and is regarded as one of the driving catalysts of the revitalization of Washington, D. C. s Chinatown neighborhood. A report emerged in May 2015 that Verizon would not renew its rights to the Verizon Center when its agreement with Monumental ends in 2018. The Verizon Center, located in the Washington, D. C. neighborhood of Chinatown, originally opened on December 2,1997, as the MCI Center, named after its sponsor, MCI Inc. Nearly a decade later, in January 2006, Verizon Communications purchased MCI Inc. the following year, in 2007, the first true indoor high-definition LED scoreboard was installed at the Verizon Center. On December 2,2007, the Verizon Center celebrated the ten year anniversary of its opening, in December 2013, all electronic communications to and from the scoreboard and advertising fasciae were updated by ColosseoEAS. Chicago Bulls, The Wizards win their first playoff game in nearly 17 years with a 117–99 win over the Bulls and it is the first Wizards playoff game ever held within the District of Columbia, as the team previously played at USAir Arena in Landover, Maryland. It is also the Districts first NBA playoff game in 55 years 2005, May 6, Wizards vs. Bulls, The Wizards win 94–91 over the Bulls, winning the Eastern Conference Quarterfinals, 4–2. 19,2009, hosted by First Lady Michelle Obama, NCAAs Mens 2009 Frozen Four hockey championship,2009, The Archdiocese of Washington Youth Rally and Mass for Life, Every January, taylor Swift has played six sold-out concerts in the Verizon Center. She performed for her Fearless Tour on June 1 and 2,2010, Speak Now World Tour on August 2 and 3,2011, the concert on July 29 sold out in under one minute. The singer has performed two sold out shows at the arena before, One on June 24,2009, as part of the I Am. Calgary won the game in overtime, 4-3, the WWE pay-per-view event Battleground was hosted at the arena on July 24,2016. January 29,2016, Bruce Springsteen performed a concert as part of the The River Tour 2016 in front of more than 18,000 people and its not the first Springsteens show in the arena. In fact he played two times in 2007 during the Magic Tour, two times in 2009 during the Working on a Dream Tour and one time in 2012 during his Wrecking Ball World Tour. Adele performed two sold out shows at the arena on October 10 and 11,2016 and she returned to the arena on February 27,2017 for her Dangerous Woman Tour
37.
Hoya Saxa
–
Hoya Saxa is the official cheer and college yell of Georgetown University and its athletics teams. The term Hoya is an Ancient Greek word usually transliterated from οἵα as hoia from the word hoios meaning such or what as in what manner of, Saxa however, is Latin for rocks or small stones. It was used in the name of some Roman settlements, such as Saxa Rubra, before 1900, students at Georgetown were required to study classical linguistics, and both words are in the neuter plural of their respective languages. The phrase together is generally translated into English as what rocks, though other translations have suggested such rocks. It was also rendered as Hoya, Hoya, Saxa. A form that is used in The Hoya Song from 1930 which mocked the cheers of other universities, the phrase was first used at Georgetown University sometime before 1893, when it was noted in publications about Georgetowns football games against Swarthmore College and UNC. By 1894, chanting the phrase was considered a well-established tradition, the exact origin or original use of the cheer is however unknown. Probable theories suggest it refers to the stalwart defense of the football team or to one of the baseball teams. The baseball team was founded in 1870 while the team formed in 1874. It might also refer to the stone wall that surrounds the campus. By 1929, the term Hoyas was applied to the teams themselves by publications like The Washington Post. University president William Coleman Nevils encouraged this, and he was known to have suggested the name Hoiah be used at his previous school, College of the Holy Cross, for their student newspaper. Since the early 1990s, the phrase has been painted in large letters on an abandoned trolley trestle by the universitys Canal Road entrance, the sign is an occasional target of vandalism because of its association with school spirit. Word plays and rhymes using the phrase are common, including Hoya Snaxa, the school also hosts a Hoya Saxa Weekend each spring to highlight the schools diversity to new minority applicants
38.
Jack the Bulldog
–
Jack the Bulldog is the official mascot of the Georgetown University Hoyas athletic teams. Jack has been the name of at least five live Bulldogs since 1962, the current incarnation of Jack is an English Bulldog born in 2013 whose full name is John B. A puppy born in 2012 named Jack Junior, or J. J. began assisting Jack in April 2012, allowing the older Jack to retire after the 2012–13 school year and transfer his duties to Jack Junior. However, university administrators determined in July 2013 that J. J. would not be the schools mascot going forward. By the end of August 2013, a new puppy had been identified from the same breeders, in 2009, the American Kennel Club ranked Jack as the 8th most popular dog in American culture. Jack is also portrayed by a costumed character Bulldog mascot, a dating to 1977. Dogs have been associated with the sports teams on an unofficial basis since the late nineteenth century. Early dog mascots may have included a mutt called Hoya around 1900, a Borzoi named Richmond Jack in 1906, a bulldog named Hoya in 1907, and a Boston Bull Terrier in 1911. At that time, most mascots were primarily associated with the football team. Sergeant Stubby, a bull terrier and a decorated World War I war dog. The school football team used Stubby as a halftime show where he would push a football across the field. After Stubby died in 1926, the team chose a female bull terrier named Jazz Bo. Jazz Bo was retitled Hoya by the students, after the traditional Hoya Saxa school cheer, the athletic teams are possibly named, in turn, for this dog. When Hoya gave birth to a daughter, students named the puppy Saxa, other bull terriers like Saxa filled in as mascot until World War II, when athletics at the school paused during the war. After the war, a series of Great Danes, named Bo, Butch, william Peter Blatty, author of The Exorcist, was one of the students to care for Butch. During this time period mascot abductions by rival schools became a threat to the animals safety. A bull terrier costume was also used by the school, but in 1951. This left the school without a mascot and this committee chose a purebred English Bulldog as the dog which would represent Georgetown students because of their tenacity
39.
There Goes Old Georgetown
–
There Goes Old Georgetown is the unofficial name of the Georgetown University sports teams fight song. It is also known as simply Georgetown Fight Song and it is actually an amalgamation of three songs, only the oldest of which, 1913s The Touchdown Song, contains the lyric here goes old Georgetown. Onto a version of this was added Cheer for Victory, written in 1915, the authors of these songs, and of the combined version, are unknown. Although some effort has taken to change the song, no serious proposal has come forth. Georgetowns fight song is rare among U. S. university fight songs for mentioning other colleges by name, generally rivals of Georgetown in the early to mid-20th century. Specifically, it mentions Yale University, Harvard University, Princeton University, College of the Holy Cross, the United States Naval Academy, and Cornell University, and mocks their fight songs. In the late 20th and early 21st century, the Hoyas only played Cornell and Holy Cross regularly in football, by 2015, rowing was the only sport in which Georgetown athletes competed against all colleges named in the fight song. The song lacks references to Big East Conference rivals, such as Villanova, during mens and womens basketball games, the line Straight for a touchdown is typically changed to Straight for a rebound, which allows the rhyme to continue. In some editions, both the football and basketball versions are sung back to back, while others repeat the first two verses, the final verse is usually followed by a call and response of the school cheer, Hoya Saxa. Anyone can start the Georgetown fight song by asking a group of Hoyas. The group will reply with the fight song, with a properly motivated Hoya crowd, starting and holding the long low base note of Its… will also work. The song is performed at athletics events by the Georgetown University Pep Band. Campus music groups such as The Georgetown Chimes use the song regularly in their performances, in 2006, Georgetown students produced a film, Georgetown Forever, which brings to life different elements of the fight song. The fight song has also parodied by campus groups such as the Georgetown Solidarity Committee. Hoya Saxa Georgetown University Alma Mater Official page on Georgetown Hoyas athletics Georgetown Fight Song on YouTube
