1.
Australia
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Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands. It is the worlds sixth-largest country by total area, the neighbouring countries are Papua New Guinea, Indonesia and East Timor to the north, the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu to the north-east, and New Zealand to the south-east. Australias capital is Canberra, and its largest urban area is Sydney, for about 50,000 years before the first British settlement in the late 18th century, Australia was inhabited by indigenous Australians, who spoke languages classifiable into roughly 250 groups. The population grew steadily in subsequent decades, and by the 1850s most of the continent had been explored, on 1 January 1901, the six colonies federated, forming the Commonwealth of Australia. Australia has since maintained a liberal democratic political system that functions as a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy comprising six states. The population of 24 million is highly urbanised and heavily concentrated on the eastern seaboard, Australia has the worlds 13th-largest economy and ninth-highest per capita income. With the second-highest human development index globally, the country highly in quality of life, health, education, economic freedom. The name Australia is derived from the Latin Terra Australis a name used for putative lands in the southern hemisphere since ancient times, the Dutch adjectival form Australische was used in a Dutch book in Batavia in 1638, to refer to the newly discovered lands to the south. On 12 December 1817, Macquarie recommended to the Colonial Office that it be formally adopted, in 1824, the Admiralty agreed that the continent should be known officially as Australia. The first official published use of the term Australia came with the 1830 publication of The Australia Directory and these first inhabitants may have been ancestors of modern Indigenous Australians. The Torres Strait Islanders, ethnically Melanesian, were originally horticulturists, the northern coasts and waters of Australia were visited sporadically by fishermen from Maritime Southeast Asia. The first recorded European sighting of the Australian mainland, and the first recorded European landfall on the Australian continent, are attributed to the Dutch. The first ship and crew to chart the Australian coast and meet with Aboriginal people was the Duyfken captained by Dutch navigator, Willem Janszoon. He sighted the coast of Cape York Peninsula in early 1606, the Dutch charted the whole of the western and northern coastlines and named the island continent New Holland during the 17th century, but made no attempt at settlement. William Dampier, an English explorer and privateer, landed on the north-west coast of New Holland in 1688, in 1770, James Cook sailed along and mapped the east coast, which he named New South Wales and claimed for Great Britain. The first settlement led to the foundation of Sydney, and the exploration, a British settlement was established in Van Diemens Land, now known as Tasmania, in 1803, and it became a separate colony in 1825. The United Kingdom formally claimed the part of Western Australia in 1828. Separate colonies were carved from parts of New South Wales, South Australia in 1836, Victoria in 1851, the Northern Territory was founded in 1911 when it was excised from South Australia
2.
1924 in Australia
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See also,1923 in Australia, other events of 1924,1925 in Australia and the Timeline of Australian history. 26 January – 3AR, Victorias first radio station, begins broadcasting,30 January – The first Cabinet meeting was held in Canberra. The ministers met and also lodged at Yarralumla House, later the residence of the Governor-General,1 February – The Australian Loan Council meets for the first time. 12 April – HMAS Australia is scuttled off Sydney Heads,28 April – In the Parliament of Victoria, the coalition between the Nationalist Party and the Country Party breaks down. Premier Harry Lawson retires to the backbench, and Sir Alexander Peacock is sworn in as Premier,12 May – Royal assent is given to the Parliamentary Elections Act 1924, allowing women to stand for parliament in Victoria. 26 June – A general election is held in Victoria,18 July – After the Victorian state election, the Country Party agrees to support a minority Labor government, and George Prendergast is sworn in as Premier of Victoria. 29 July - The 1924 NSWRFL season culminates in Balmains victory over South Sydney in the final,10 October – The Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918 is enacted making voting in federal elections compulsory. 13 October - the inaugural Better Farming Train commenced a tour of Gippsland,18 November – The Country Party resolves its differences with the Nationalist Party, and votes to defeat Premier George Prendergast in the Victorian Legislative Assembly. Country Party leader John Allan replaces him as Premier of Victoria
3.
1923
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As of the start of 1923, the Gregorian calendar was 13 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which was relegated that February to use only by churches after Greece adopted the Gregorian calendar. January 1 – The Grouping, All major British railway companies are grouped into four larger companies, january 1–7 – Rosewood massacre, a violent, racially motivated conflict in Florida. At least eight people are killed, and the town of Rosewood is abandoned and destroyed, january 9 – Lithuania begins the Klaipėda Revolt to annex the Klaipėda Region. January 11 – Despite strong British protests, troops from France, january 17 – Juan de la Cierva invents the autogyro, a rotary-winged aircraft with an unpowered rotor. January 18 – Elon Colleges campus in North Carolina is destroyed by a fire, norman Albert calls the first live broadcast of an ice hockey game, the third period of an Ontario Hockey League Intermediate playoff game on the Toronto station CFCA. February 9 – Billy Hughes resigns as Prime Minister of Australia, Hughes is succeeded by his Treasurer, Stanley Bruce. February 23 – Albert Einstein visits Barcelona, Spain, at the invitation of scientist Esteban Terradas i Illa, march 1 The USS Connecticut is decommissioned. March 3 – This is the date of the first issue of Time magazine. Retired U. S. Speaker of the House Joseph G. Cannon appears on the first cover, march 6 – The Egyptian Feminist Union, the first nationwide feminist movement in Egypt, was founded at the home of activist Huda Shaarawi. March 9 – Vladimir Lenin suffers his third stroke, which renders him bedridden and unable to speak, march 28 – Regia Aeronautica, the air force of Fascist Italy, is founded. April 4 – Warner Bros. film studio is formally incorporated in the United States as Warner Brothers Pictures, april 6 Louis Armstrong makes his first recording, Chimes Blues, with King Olivers Creole Jazz Band. The first Prefects Board in Southeast Asia is formed in Victoria Institution, april 12 – Kandersteg International Scout Centre comes into existence in Switzerland. April 18 Yankee Stadium opens its doors as the park of the New York Yankees baseball team in The Bronx. Russian professional sports society club, Dynamo Moscow founded, april 19 Hjalmar Branting leaves office as Prime Minister of Sweden, after the Swedish Riksdag has rejected a government proposal regarding unemployment benefits. Right-wing academic and jurist Ernst Trygger becomes Prime Minister of Sweden, Egyptian Constitution of 1923 adopted, introducing a parliamentary system of democracy in the country. April 23 – The Gdynia seaport is inaugurated on the Polish Corridor, april 26 – Prince Albert, Duke of York marries Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon in Westminster Abbey. April 28 – The original Wembley Stadium opened its doors for the first time to the British public staging the FA Cup Final between Bolton Wanderers and West Ham Utd, may 1 – Rahula College is established in Ceylon with the name of Parakramabhahu Vidyalaya. May 8 – Liseberg, an amusement park in Gothenburg, Sweden, may 9 Southeastern Michigan receives a record 15 centimetres of snow after temperatures plummeted from 17 to 1 degrees between 1 and 6 pm on the previous day
