1.
1950 in Norway
–
Events in the year 1950 in Norway. Monarch - Haakon VII Prime Minister - Einar Gerhardsen 2 January - Postbanken starts its operations,15 November -14 people killed in the Hjuksebø train disaster. 1 December - Population Census,3,278,546 inhabitants in Norway, the official inauguration of the Oslo City Hall. 5 January – Halvdan Sivertsen, singer 9 January – Maryon Eilertsen, actress,8 August – Synne Skouen, composer 19 August – Kari Bøge, Swedish-born Norwegian poet, novelist, short story writer, childrens writer and illustrator. 5 September – Bjørn Skagestad, actor 7 September – Anne Grosvold,10 September – Tom Lund, football player 1 October – Sigbjørn Johnsen, politician 12 October – Knut Knudsen, racing cyclist 28 October – Beate Ellingsen, designer. 6 April - Signe Lund, composer,14 September - Marius Eriksen, Olympic gymnast. 3 October - Betzy Kjelsberg, politician and feminist 22 December - Bernhoff Hansen, wrestler and Olympic gold medallist
2.
Norway
–
The Antarctic Peter I Island and the sub-Antarctic Bouvet Island are dependent territories and thus not considered part of the Kingdom. Norway also lays claim to a section of Antarctica known as Queen Maud Land, until 1814, the kingdom included the Faroe Islands, Greenland, and Iceland. It also included Isle of Man until 1266, Shetland and Orkney until 1468, Norway has a total area of 385,252 square kilometres and a population of 5,258,317. The country shares a long border with Sweden. Norway is bordered by Finland and Russia to the north-east, Norway has an extensive coastline, facing the North Atlantic Ocean and the Barents Sea. King Harald V of the Dano-German House of Glücksburg is the current King of Norway, erna Solberg became Prime Minister in 2013, replacing Jens Stoltenberg. A constitutional monarchy, Norway divides state power between the Parliament, the Cabinet and the Supreme Court, as determined by the 1814 Constitution, the kingdom is established as a merger of several petty kingdoms. By the traditional count from the year 872, the kingdom has existed continuously for 1,144 years, Norway has both administrative and political subdivisions on two levels, counties and municipalities. The Sámi people have an amount of self-determination and influence over traditional territories through the Sámi Parliament. Norway maintains close ties with the European Union and the United States, the country maintains a combination of market economy and a Nordic welfare model with universal health care and a comprehensive social security system. Norway has extensive reserves of petroleum, natural gas, minerals, lumber, seafood, the petroleum industry accounts for around a quarter of the countrys gross domestic product. On a per-capita basis, Norway is the worlds largest producer of oil, the country has the fourth-highest per capita income in the world on the World Bank and IMF lists. On the CIAs GDP per capita list which includes territories and some regions, from 2001 to 2006, and then again from 2009 to 2017, Norway had the highest Human Development Index ranking in the world. It also has the highest inequality-adjusted ranking, Norway ranks first on the World Happiness Report, the OECD Better Life Index, the Index of Public Integrity and the Democracy Index. Norway has two names, Noreg in Nynorsk and Norge in Bokmål. The name Norway comes from the Old English word Norðrveg mentioned in 880, meaning way or way leading to the north. In contrasting with suðrvegar southern way for Germany, and austrvegr eastern way for the Baltic, the Anglo-Saxon of Britain also referred to the kingdom of Norway in 880 as Norðmanna land. This was the area of Harald Fairhair, the first king of Norway, and because of him
3.
Haakon VII of Norway
–
Haakon VII, known as Prince Carl of Denmark until 1905, was a Danish prince who became the first king of Norway after the 1905 dissolution of the union with Sweden. He reigned from November 1905 until his death in September 1957, as one of the few elected monarchs, Haakon quickly won the respect and affection of his people. He played a role in uniting the Norwegian nation in its resistance to the Nazi invasion. He became King of Norway before his father and older brother became kings of Denmark, during his reign, he saw his father, his brother and his nephew, Frederick IX, ascend the throne of Denmark, respectively in 1906,1912 and 1947. He died at the age of 85 on 21 September 1957 and he was succeeded by his only son, Olav V. Prince Carl of Denmark was the son of King Frederik VIII of Denmark. Furthermore, he was a brother of Christian X, a paternal grandson of King Christian IX of Denmark. Prince Carl was born at Charlottenlund Palace near Copenhagen and he belonged to the Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg branch of the House of Oldenburg. The House of Oldenburg had been the Danish royal family since 1448, the house was originally from northern Germany, where the Glucksburg branch held their small fief. The family had permanent links with Norway beginning from the late Middle Ages, several of his paternal ancestors had been kings of independent Norway. Christian Frederick, who was King of Norway briefly in 1814, Prince Carl was raised in the royal household in Copenhagen and educated at the Royal Danish Naval Academy. Their son, Prince Alexander, the future Crown Prince Olav, was born on 2 July 1903, gradually, Prince Carl became the leading candidate, largely because he was descended from independent Norwegian kings. The new royal family of Norway left Denmark on the Danish royal yacht Dannebrog, at Oscarsborg Fortress, they boarded the Norwegian naval ship Heimdal. After a three-day journey, they arrived in Kristiania early on the morning of 25 November 1905, two days later, Haakon took the oath as Norways first independent king in 518 years. The coronation of Haakon and Maud took place in Nidaros Cathedral in Trondheim on 22 June 1906, King Haakon gained much sympathy from the Norwegian people. Although the Constitution of Norway vests the King with considerable executive powers, Haakon confined himself to non-partisan roles without interfering in politics, a practice continued by his son and grandson. However, his long rule gave him moral authority as a symbol of the countrys unity. Haakon, Maud and Crown Prince Olav became interested in skiing and this sport is often viewed as typically Norwegian
4.
Labour Party (Norway)
–
The Labour Party, formerly the Norwegian Labour Party, is a social-democratic political party in Norway. It was formerly the senior partner of the governing Red-Green Coalition, the party is currently led by Jonas Gahr Støre. The Labour Party is officially committed to social-democratic ideals and its slogan since the 1930s has been everyone shall take part, and the party traditionally seeks a strong welfare state, funded through taxes and duties. During the first Stoltenberg government, the policies were inspired by Tony Blairs New Labour. The party has frequently described as increasingly neoliberal since the 1980s. The Labour Party profiles itself as a party that subscribes to cooperation on a national as well as international level. Its youth wing is the Workers Youth League, the party is a full member of the Party of European Socialists and Progressive Alliance, and is an observer member of the Socialist International. The Labour Party has always been a supporter of Norways NATO membership and has supported Norwegian membership in the European Union during two referendums. Founded in 1887, the party increased in support until it became the largest party in Norway in 1927. This year also saw the consolidation of surrounding the party during the 1920s following its membership in the Comintern from 1919 to 1923. It formed its first government in 1928, and has led the government for all but 16 years since 1935, from 1945 to 1961, the party had an absolute majority in the Norwegian parliament, the only time this has ever happened in Norwegian history. The domination by the Labour Party, during the 1960s and early 1970s, was broken by competition from the left. From the end of the 1970s however, the party started to lose voters to the right, in 2001 the party achieved its worst electoral results since 1924. Between 2005 and 2013, Labour returned to power after committing to an agreement with other parties in order to form a majority government. Since losing 9 seats in the 2013 election, Labour has been in opposition, the party was founded in 1887 in Arendal and first ran in elections to the Parliament of Norway in 1894. It entered Parliament in 1904 after the 1903 election, and steadily increased its vote until 1927, the party were members of Comintern, a Communist organisation, between 1918 and 1923. From the establishment of Vort Arbeide in 1884, the party had a growing and notable organisation of newspapers, the party press system eventually resulted in Norsk Arbeiderpresse. In January 1913 the party had 24 newspapers, and 6 more newspapers were founded in 1913, the party also had the periodical Det 20de Aarhundre
5.
Norsk Hydro
–
Norsk Hydro ASA is a Norwegian aluminium and renewable energy company, headquartered in Oslo. Hydro is one of the largest aluminium companies worldwide and it has operations in some 50 countries around the world and is active on all continents. The Norwegian state owns 43. 8% of the company through the Ministry of Trade, a further 6. 5% is owned by Folketrygdfond, which administers the Government Pension Fund of Norway. Norsk Hydro employs approximately 12,500 people, Svein Richard Brandtzæg has been the CEO since 2009. The company had a significant presence in the oil and gas industry until October 2007, the technology had been developed by the Norwegian scientist Kristian Birkeland. The method is known as the Birkeland–Eyde process. The process required large amounts of energy, and for this. Later also Rjukan Falls was developed and its power harnessed, in the establishing the city of Rjukan. Hydros first factory was built at Notodden followed up another at Rjukan. Then in 1912 production is established at Glomfjord in Nordland, in 1930 Norsk Hydro opened a plant at Herøya outside Porsgrunn. To begin with it was to function as a port for the fertilizer as well as a point to import limestone. From 1936 Hydro also started producing fertilizer at Herøya, there was also opened a railway, Rjukanbanen, connecting Rjukan with Hærøy. The railway opened in 1909 and consisted of a ferry across Lake Tinn, railway again with the Tinnoset Line. The canal was superseded by the Bratsberg Line in 1916, by 1945, IG Farben had become a majority shareholder in Norsk Hydro. The plant at Herøya was a result of no longer being dependent on immediate proximity to the power sources. This provided the advantage of being able to have the plants, the first steps towards light metal production came in 1940 when Hydro started construction of a magnesium carbonate plant at Herøya, but the German invasion of Norway stopped the plans. In 1941 the Oslo Consortium invested money equivalent to year 2014 Norwegian kroner 172 million, collaboration with the Nazi-German regime, did not result in any company employees being convicted after the war. During the Second World War Norsk Hydro collaborated with IG Farben, the construction was however ended on July 24,1943 when an allied bombardment completely destroyed the facilities, killing 55 construction workers
6.
1952 in Norway
–
Events in the year 1952 in Norway. Monarch - Haakon VII Prime Minister - Oscar Torp 7 January –15 died in an explosion in Svalbard. 14–25 February –1952 Winter Olympics are held in Oslo, around April 4 five Norwegian seal hunting vessels went down in a storm in the West Ice. The West Ice accidents claimed 78 lives in total,24 November - Folketeatret opened in Oslo
7.
1953 in Norway
–
Events in the year 1953 in Norway. Monarch - Haakon VII Prime Minister - Oscar Torp 1 June –The first Bergen International Festival opens,16 July – Parliament voted to move the main base for the Navy from Horten to Bergen. 11 September - The Norwegian Consumer Council established 12 October – The 1953 Parliamentary election takes place,15 November – Four men suspected of spying for the Soviet Union were arrested in Kirkenes. The Norwegian Academy for Language and Literature is founded
8.
1954 in Norway
–
Events in the year 1954 in Norway. Monarch - Haakon VII Prime Minister - Oscar Torp 28 March – Bear Island accident, the plane had a crew of 8 men and one passenger. One of the crew survived the accident. 3 May - Asbjørn Sunde and Erling Nordby were convicted for treason, state-owned Årdal og Sunndal Verk begins construction on the Sunndal plant. Martin Stokken, cross country skier and athlete, is awarded the Holmenkollen medal, football Association of Norway joins UEFA
9.
Einar Gerhardsen
–
Einar Henry Gerhardsen was a Norwegian politician from the Labour Party of Norway. He was Prime Minister for three periods, 1945–1951, 1955–1963 and 1963–1965, with 17 years in office, he is the longest serving Prime Minister in Norway since the introduction of parliamentarism. Many Norwegians often refer to him as Landsfaderen, he is considered one of the main architects of the rebuilding of Norway after World War II. He also served as the second President of the Nordic Council in 1954, Einar Gerhardsen was born in the municipality of Asker, in the county of Akershus. His parents were Gerhard Olsen and Emma Hansen, in 1932 he married Werna Julie Koren Christie, daughter of agent Johan Werner Koren Christie and Klara Rønning. The married couple had two sons, Truls and Rune and a daughter Torgunn and his brother was Rolf Gerhardsen and with him Einar Gerhardsen also had a lifelong working relationship. From the age of 17, Gerhardsen went to meetings in the Labour partys youth movement, in 1918, during the Finnish Civil War, Gerhardsen resigned his membership in the Church of Norway after the church sided with the Whites against the Reds. Originally a road worker, Gerhardsen became politically active in the socialist labour movement during the 1920s and he was convicted several times of taking part in subversive activities until he, along with the rest of the Labour party, gradually moved from communism to democratic socialism. He participated in the Left Communist Youth Leagues military strike action of 1924 and he was convicted for assisting in this crime and sentenced to 75 days of prison. Gerhardsen was elected to Oslo city council in 1932 and became deputy mayor in 1938 and he was deputy leader of the Labour Party from 1939. After the German occupation of Norway in 1940, Gerhardsen became acting chairman of the Labour Party, as the chairman, Gerhardsen became mayor of Oslo on 15 August 1940, but was forced to resign by the Germans on 26 August the same year. In September, the government banned all parliamentary political parties. During World War II, Gerhardsen took part in the resistance against the German occupation of Norway. Having already been under suspicion for a time, Gerhardsen had been detained and subjected to interrogations on 31 previous occasions since the summer of 1940. Initially he was sent to Grini concentration camp in Norway, in February 1942 he was accused of leading resistance work from his imprisonment, and removed from the camp for interrogation. Initially interrogated at the station at Møllergata 19, he was soon transferred to the Gestapo headquarters at Victoria Terrasse. At Victoria Terrasse he was tortured to reveal information on the resistance, in April 1942 he was sent to Sachsenhausen concentration camp in Germany. In September 1944 he was transferred back to Grini, where he spent the rest of the war, after the war, Gerhardsen formed the interim government which sat from the end of the occupation in May 1945 until the elections held in October the same year
10.
Oscar Torp
–
Oscar Fredrik Torp was a Norwegian politician for the Norwegian Labour Party. He was party leader from 1923 to 1945, and mayor of Oslo in 1935 and 1936, in 1935 he became acting Minister of Defence in the government of Johan Nygaardsvold. He was also Minister of Social Affairs from 1936 to 1939 and he was appointed Minister of Defence again in 1942 in the London-based Norwegian exile government. He continued until the election in 1945 when he became Minister of Provisioning, hailing from Skjeberg, he was first elected to the Parliament of Norway representing Oslo in 1936, but did not take a seat in the Parliament until 1948. He then became the leader for the Labour Party in Parliament. He became Prime Minister of Norway in 1951 when Einar Gerhardsen stepped down from this position and he held this position until his death. He was born in Skjeberg as a son of Anton Fredrik Andersen Torp and he had eight siblings, and lost his father at a young age. His father worked in Canada from 1903, and sailed home to collect his family to emigrate to Canada in 1907, however he died en route, near Liverpool. Torp attended primary school joining the workforce at age 13. He eventually became an electrician, and already at the age of 14 he became deputy treasurer in his trade union. He also joined the Norwegian Labour Party, and was elected to the board in 1918. Torp chaired the party chapter in Sarpsborg from 1919 to 1921 and he was also a supervisory council member in the Norwegian Confederation of Trade Unions from 1920 to 1925, and board chairman of Østfold Arbeiderblad from 1921 to 1923. He was married to Kari Hansen since April 1916 and he was the father of Reidar Torp. In 1922 Torp was a delegate at the Fourth Comintern Congress, in 1923 the revolutionary wing that had assumed power in the Labour Party in 1918 had split into two wings, one for and one against Comintern membership. Torp belonged to the wing, which assumed power at the 1923 national convention. Torp was elected chairman of the entire party, when he became chairman, the chairman of the partys youth wing was four years older than he was. Torp chaired the party until 1945 and it has often been said, however, that Martin Tranmæl was the real chairman of the Labour Party. Torp had been a member of Sarpsborg city council from 1919 to 1923 and he served as mayor in 1935 and 1936, and was elected to the Parliament of Norway in the Norwegian parliamentary election,1936
![[icon]](/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small}
