The 1954 FIBA World Championship was the international basketball world championship for men's national teams. It was held by the International Basketball Federation, from 23 October to 5 November 1954. Brazil hosted the event at Ginásio do Maracanãzinho in Rio de Janeiro. Twelve nations participated in the tournament.

Ginásio Gilberto Cardoso or Ginásio do Maracanãzinho, sometimes called just Maracanãzinho, is an indoor arena located in Maracanã in the north zone of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is used mostly for volleyball. Its formal name, Ginásio Gilberto Cardoso, honors a former Clube de Regatas do Flamengo president. The capacity of the arena is 11,800 and it was opened in 1954. It stands next to the Maracanã Stadium.