The 1958–59 Ranji Trophy was the 25th season of the Ranji Trophy. Bombay won the title defeating Bengal in the final. This started a sequence of 15 consecutive Ranji titles for Bombay.

The Ranji Trophy is a premier domestic first-class cricket championship played in India and organized annually by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI). The teams representing regional and state cricket associations participate. BCCI founded the championship in 1934, Since then it has been organised across various grounds and stadiums in India.