1.
1964 Major League Baseball season
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The 1964 Major League Baseball season is often remembered for the end of the New York Yankees third dynasty, as they won their 29th American League Championship in 44 seasons. However, the Yankees lost the World Series to the St. Louis Cardinals in seven games, as of 2015, the Cardinals are the only National League team to have an edge over the Yankees in series played, amongst the non-expansion teams. February 2 – Red Faber, Burleigh Grimes, Tim Keefe, Heinie Manush, John Montgomery Ward, february 17 – Former Chicago White Sox shortstop Luke Appling is selected to the Hall of Fame by the Baseball Writers Association of America in a runoff vote. In 1953, the first year of eligibility for Appling, he received just two votes, april 8 – Houston Colt. 45s relief pitcher Jim Umbricht dies of cancer at the age of 33. The franchise would retire his number in 1965, by time it is known as the Astros. April 17 – The New York Mets play their first game at brand-new Shea Stadium, willie Stargell hits the first home run in the stadiums history, a second-inning solo shot off the Mets Jack Fisher. In the first-ever Kiners Korner from Shea, Ralph Kiners guest is Casey Stengel, april 23 – At Colt Stadium, Ken Johnson of the Houston Colt. 45s no-hits the Cincinnati Reds, and loses 1–0. To date, the game is the one in Major League history whose losing pitcher had pitched a nine-inning no-hitter. August 27 – The New York Mets sign Jerry Koosman as a free agent. May 31 – The second game of a header at Shea Stadium between the San Francisco Giants and New York Mets lasts 23 innings. The Giants eventually win it, 8–6, june 4 – Sandy Koufax pitches the third of his four career no hitters, defeating the Phillies 3–0 at Connie Mack Stadium in Philadelphia. June 15 – The Chicago Cubs trade Lou Brock, Jack Spring and Paul Toth to the St. Louis Cardinals for Ernie Broglio, Doug Clemens and Bobby Shantz. The swap eventually gains notoriety as perhaps the most lopsided in the history of baseball, Bunning also becomes the first pitcher to throw no-hitters in both leagues, and Gus Triandos becomes the first catcher to catch a no-hitter in each league. Bunning throws just 90 pitches in winning his second no-hitter, the next time Bunning faces the Mets he will shut them out, the first no-hit pitcher in the 20th century to do that. The Mets fare little better in the nightcap, as 18-year-old rookie Rick Wise pitches into the inning to win his first game. The Phillies increase their National League lead to two games over the San Francisco Giants. July 7 – At Shea Stadium, Johnny Callisons ninth-inning three-run home run off Dick Radatz caps a four-run rally, Callison is named Game MVP as the NL triumph evens the series at 17. July 19 – Luis Tiant pitches a complete-game, four-hit shutout in his Major League debut, leading the Cleveland Indians to a 3–0 victory over Whitey Ford, Tiant allowed just four singles while striking out eleven
2.
Baseball
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Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of nine players each, who take turns batting and fielding. A run is scored when a player advances around the bases, Players on the batting team take turns hitting against the pitcher of the fielding team, which tries to prevent runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways. A player on the team who reaches a base safely can later attempt to advance to subsequent bases during teammates turns batting. The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the team records three outs. One turn batting for both teams, beginning with the team, constitutes an inning. A game is composed of nine innings, and the team with the number of runs at the end of the game wins. Baseball has no clock, although almost all games end in the ninth inning. Baseball evolved from older bat-and-ball games already being played in England by the mid-18th century and this game was brought by immigrants to North America, where the modern version developed. By the late 19th century, baseball was widely recognized as the sport of the United States. Baseball is now popular in North America and parts of Central and South America, the Caribbean, in the United States and Canada, professional Major League Baseball teams are divided into the National League and American League, each with three divisions, East, West, and Central. The major league champion is determined by playoffs that culminate in the World Series, the top level of play is similarly split in Japan between the Central and Pacific Leagues and in Cuba between the West League and East League. The evolution of baseball from older bat-and-ball games is difficult to trace with precision, a French manuscript from 1344 contains an illustration of clerics playing a game, possibly la soule, with similarities to baseball. Other old French games such as thèque, la balle au bâton, consensus once held that todays baseball is a North American development from the older game rounders, popular in Great Britain and Ireland. Baseball Before We Knew It, A Search for the Roots of the Game, by David Block, suggests that the game originated in England, recently uncovered historical evidence supports this position. Block argues that rounders and early baseball were actually regional variants of other. It has long believed that cricket also descended from such games. The earliest known reference to baseball is in a 1744 British publication, A Little Pretty Pocket-Book, David Block discovered that the first recorded game of Bass-Ball took place in 1749 in Surrey, and featured the Prince of Wales as a player. William Bray, an English lawyer, recorded a game of baseball on Easter Monday 1755 in Guildford and this early form of the game was apparently brought to Canada by English immigrants
3.
1964
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January – The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland is dissolved. Senator Barry Goldwater announces that he seek the Republican nomination for President. In the first meeting between leaders of the Roman Catholic and Orthodox churches since the 15th century, Pope Paul VI and Patriarch Athenagoras I of Constantinople meet in Jerusalem. January 7 – A British firm, the Leyland Motor Corp. announces the sale of 450 buses to the Cuban government, January 8 – In his first State of the Union Address, U. S. President Lyndon Johnson declares a War on Poverty. S. The Beatles is released by Chicagos Vee-Jay Records to get the jump on Capitol Records release of Meet the Beatles, the two record companies fight over Vee-Jays release of this album in court. January 11 – United States Surgeon General Luther Terry reports that smoking may be hazardous to ones health, January 12 Zanzibar Revolution, The predominantly Arab government of Zanzibar is overthrown by African nationalist rebels, a United States Navy destroyer evacuates 61 U. S. citizens. Routine U. S. naval patrols of the South China Sea begin, January 13 – In Manchester, New Hampshire, 14-year-old Pamela Mason is murdered. Edward Coolidge is tried and convicted of the crime, but the conviction is set aside by the landmark Fourth Amendment case Coolidge vs, opens in New Yorks St. James Theatre. John Glenn, the first American to orbit the Earth, resigns from NASA, January 17 John Glenn announces that he will seek the Democratic nomination for U. S. Roald Dahls Charlie and the Chocolate Factory is published by Alfred A. Knopf and it will later be published by George Allen & Unwin in the United Kingdom on November 23. January 18 – Plans to build the New York City World Trade Center are announced, January 20 – Meet the Beatles. The first Beatles album from Capitol Records in the United States, is released ten days after Chicagos Vee-Jay Records releases Introducing, the two record companies battle it out in court for months, eventually coming to a conclusion. January 22 – Kenneth Kaunda is inaugurated as the first Prime Minister of Northern Rhodesia, January 23 Pope Paul VI institutes the World Day of Prayer for Vocations. During this celebration the Pope reminds the universal Church that still today salvation comes to everyone and it continues to be celebrated every Fourth Sunday of Easter also known as Good Shepherd Sunday. Arthur Millers After the Fall opens Off-Broadway, a semi-autobiographical work, it arouses controversy over his portrayal of late ex-wife Marilyn Monroe. January 27 France and the Peoples Republic of China announce their decision to establish diplomatic relations, Senator Margaret Chase Smith,66, announces her candidacy for the Republican presidential nomination. January 28 – A U. S. Air Force jet training plane that strays into East Germany is shot down by Soviet fighters near Erfurt, January 29–February 9 – The 1964 Winter Olympics are held in Innsbruck, Austria. January 29 The Soviet Union launches 2 scientific satellites, Elektron I and II, Ranger 6 is launched by NASA, on a mission to carry television cameras and crash-land on the Moon
4.
1961 in baseball
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The following are the baseball events of the year 1961 throughout the world. Roger Maris hits 61 home runs, breaking Babe Ruths record, february 7 – Boston Red Sox outfielder Jackie Jensen makes a return to the major leagues by signing a $40,000 contract. Jensen had retired in 1960 due to a fear of flying, Jensen will hit.263 with 13 home runs in 1961. March – The Cuban government, led by Fidel Castro, abolishes professional baseball and ends the Cuban League, which was started in 1878, march 6 – The New York Metropolitan Baseball Club Inc. formally receives a certificate of membership from National League President Warren Giles. April 11 At Fenway Park, Boston Red Sox rookie Carl Yastrzemski gets a hit off Ray Herbert of the Kansas City Athletics and it is the first of 3,318 hits that Yastrzemski will amass over an illustrious 23-year career. The Los Angeles Angels play the first game in history, defeating the Baltimore Orioles team. For the Angels, Ted Kluszewski hits two home runs while Eli Grba pitches a complete game, at Yankee Stadium, the Minnesota Twins shut out the New York Yankees, 6–0, in their first game since their move from Washington, D. C. Pedro Ramos is the pitcher, helping himself with a two-run single while allowing just three singles in beating Yankees starter, Whitey Ford. Roberts is now 5-6 on Opening Day, april 21 – The Minnesota Twins play their very first home game in franchise history losing to the Washington Senators 5–3. April 22 – The Boston Red Sox snap a 13-game losing streak in Chicagos Comiskey Park by edging the Chicago White Sox 7–6 on Pumpsie Greens 11th-inning home run. April 27 – The Los Angeles Angels drew a crowd of 11,931 for their opener against the Minnesota Twins at Los Angeles Wrigley Field. Ty Cobb, in his last appearance at a ball park, Minnesota starter Camilo Pascual spoils the opener by winning, 4–2, sending the Angels to their eighth loss in nine games. April 30 – San Francisco Giants slugger Willie Mays became the player to hit four home runs in a single game as the Giants beat the Milwaukee Braves, 14–4. May 31 – Boston Red Sox outfielder Carroll Hardy pinch-hits for rookie Carl Yastrzemski, on September 20,1960, Hardy pinch hit for Ted Williams, making him the only player to go in for both future Hall of Famers. Hardy also hit his first major league home run pinch-hitting for Roger Maris when both were at Cleveland, june 29 – Willie Mays hits 3 home runs helping the San Francisco Giants beat the Philadelphia Phillies 8-7. July 4 Willie Mays hits his 300th career home run, in the first game of a Metropolitan Stadium double-header, the Twins Julio Becquer hits the first recorded four-pitcher grand slam. Billy Pierce, up 4-2 in the ninth, allows a single to Bob Allison, russ Kemmerer enters and allows a single to Earl Battey. Frank Baumann is brought in, he walks Lenny Green to load the bases, White Sox manager Al López goes with righty Warren Hacker and Twins manager Sam Mele counters with pinch-hitter Becquer
5.
1962 in baseball
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The following are the baseball events of the year 1962 throughout the world. The 1962 season is perhaps most notable for the dismal 40–120 record of the New York Mets, the third-worst winning percentage, World Series, New York Yankees over San Francisco Giants, Ralph Terry, MVP All-Star Game, July 10 at D. C. January 28 – Edd Roush and Bill McKechnie are added to the Hall of Fame by the Special Veterans Committee, April 10 – In the first regular-season game ever at Dodger Stadium, the Cincinnati Reds spoil the Los Angeles Dodgers opening-day party by beating them 6–3. That same day, in the very first Major League Baseball game played in the state of Texas, the Houston Colt. 45s play their first game in franchise history, defeating the Chicago Cubs 11-2. April 11 – The New York Mets play the first official game in franchise history, gil Hodges and Charlie Neal provide bright spots for the Mets, hitting the first two home runs in the new franchises history. April 12 – In his Major League debut, Pete Richert of the Los Angeles Dodgers ties Karl Spooners record by striking out the first six Major League batters he faces. He enters the game against the Cincinnati Reds at Dodger Stadium with two out in the inning and strikes out Vada Pinson for the final out. He then records a third inning, the victims are Frank Robinson, Gordy Coleman, Wally Post. To date, Richert is the pitcher to strike out four batters in one inning in his Major League debut. His record-tying sixth strikeout is of Tommy Harper leading off the fourth inning, the Dodgers defeat the Reds 11–7 with Richert gaining the victory, having struck out seven batters, walking none, and allowing no hits in 3 1⁄3 innings. April 13 – National League baseball officially returns to New York City, as the New York Mets play the first home game in franchise history, April 18 – Ernie Banks hits his 300th career home run, helping the Chicago Cubs beat the Houston Colt. 45s 3–2. April 23 – The New York Mets earn their first victory in franchise history, may 5 – Bo Belinsky of the Los Angeles Angels no-hits the Baltimore Orioles 2–0 at Dodger Stadium. The no-hitter is the first in franchise and stadium history. May 12 – New York Mets relief pitcher Craig Anderson wins both ends of a doubleheader against the Milwaukee Braves, success will soon turn to failure, because Anderson will lose his next 16 decisions on the season and 19 decisions overall. In fact, he will never win another game in the major leagues, may 29 – Ernie Banks hits three home runs, but his Chicago Cubs still fall to the Milwaukee Braves 11–9 at Wrigley Field in Chicago. June 18 – At the Polo Grounds, Hank Aaron of the Milwaukee Braves hits a home run over the field wall. The shot, a slam, comes off Jay Hook in the Braves 7-1 victory over the New York Mets and is the second in back-to-back days. The day before, Lou Brock of the Chicago Cubs had hit one over the field wall
6.
1963 in baseball
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The following are the baseball events of the year 1963 throughout the world. March 22 – The New York Mets, who finished last in the National League with a 40–120 record in their inaugural season, Willey will boost a pitching rotation that includes Roger Craig, Al Jackson and Tracy Stallard. The Mets will improve to 51–111 in 1963, april 11 – Warren Spahn of the Milwaukee Braves becomes the all-time winningest left-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball history. His 6–1 victory over the New York Mets gives him 328 career wins, except for Duke Sniders home run in todays game, no Mets get past second base. April 13—After 11 hitless at bats, Cincinnati Reds second baseman Pete Rose records his first major league hit, increased enforcement of the balk rule produces a Major League record seven in the Pirates 12–4 trouncing of the Reds at Crosley Field. Friend commits four of the balks, may 11 – At Dodger Stadium, Sandy Koufax of the Los Angeles Dodgers no-hits the San Francisco Giants 8–0, his second no-hitter in as many seasons. The final out is made by Harvey Kuenn on a ball back to none other than Koufax. Kuenn will also make the out of Koufaxs perfect game two years later. May 17 – Houston Colt. 45s pitcher Don Nottebart throws the first no-hitter in franchise history, leading his team past the Philadelphia Phillies, 4–1. June 2 – At Busch Stadium, Willie Mays hits three home runs off pitchers Ernie Broglio, Bob Humphreys and Bobby Shantz, helping the San Francisco Giants beat the St. Louis Cardinals 6–4, June 9 – Ernie Banks hits three home runs. June 10 – Al Kaline hit his 200th career home run helping the Detroit Tigers beat the Boston Red Sox 6–1. June 11 – Bob Aspromonte clouts a walk-off grand slam in the inning off pitcher Lindy McDaniel to give the Houston Colt. 45s a 6–2 victory over the Chicago Cubs at Colt Stadium. June 14 – The New York Mets Duke Snider hits his 400th career home run off Bob Purkey in the first inning of the Mets 10–3 victory over the Cincinnati Reds at Crosley Field. June 15 – At Candlestick Park, Juan Marichal of the San Francisco Giants no-hits the Houston Colt. 45s 1–0, the no-hitter is the first by a Giant since the franchises move from New York City after the 1957 season. July 9 – At Municipal Stadium, the National League wins 5–3 over the American League in the All-Star Game, after four years, MLB had decided to return to the original single-game format. The American League out-hit the National League 11–6, but the effort went in vain as MVP Willie Mays put on a one-man show and this game also marked the 24th and final All-Star appearance of Stan Musial, who pinch-hit in the fifth inning. He lined out to field, leaving behind a.317 batting average. July 13 – Early Wynn of the Cleveland Indians earns his 300th career win, the four homers built the Indians lead to 9–1
7.
1965 in baseball
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The following are the baseball events of the year 1965 throughout the world. March 21 – At spring training, New York Mets pitchers Gary Kroll, president Lyndon Johnson is on hand for an exhibition game between the New York Yankees and recently renamed Houston Astros. It is the first game to be played indoors at the new Harris County Domed Stadium, april 12 – The first official game at the Astrodome is played in front of over 43,000 fans, as they watch the Philadelphia Phillies defeat the host Astros, 2-0. April 23 – Lindsey Nelson, broadcaster for the New York Mets and he joins Detroit Tiger Dizzy Trout as the only pitchers to have hit a pair of slams. June 8 – The first Major League draft is held for high school, the Kansas City Athletics use the first overall pick to draft Rick Monday. In the tenth round, the New York Mets pick up Nolan Ryan, July 3 – The Minnesota Twins defeat the Kansas City Athletics 3-2. Coupled with a Cleveland Indians loss, the Twins move into a tie for first place and they gain sole possession of first place on July 5, and are in first by four games by the time they complete a nine-game winning streak on July 10. They do not relinquish their lead for the remainder of the season, July 13 – At Minnesotas Metropolitan Stadium, Willie Mays hits a home run with two walks and two runs to pace the National League to a 6–5 All-Star Game victory over the American League. Juan Marichal pitches three scoreless innings to earn Game MVP, august 19 – Jim Maloney walks ten Chicago Cubs, none of whom score. Leo Cárdenas hits a home run out of Wrigley Field in the inning for the games only run. Both benches clear and a 14-minute brawl ensues, before such as Koufax. A shaken-up Koufax then gives up a 3 run homer to Mays, august 30 – Casey Stengel announces his retirement as manager of the New York Mets, ending a fifty-five-year career as player and manager. He is the person to have played for or managed all four of New Yorks Major League clubs. September 2 – Ernie Banks hits his 400th career home run helping the Chicago Cubs beat the St. Louis Cardinals 5-3, also on September, in preparation of their move the following season to Anaheim, the Los Angeles Angels change their name to the California Angels. He begins the game at shortstop and plays, in order for the eight innings, second base, third base, left field, center field, right field, first base. With the game tied at 3-3 after nine innings, Rene Lachemann replaces Campaneris, California scores two runs in the 13th inning and defeats Kansas City 5-3. September 9 – At Dodger Stadium, a duel between the Los Angeles Dodgers Sandy Koufax and Bob Hendley of the Chicago Cubs is perfect until Dodger left fielder Lou Johnson walks in the fifth inning. Following a sacrifice bunt, Johnson steals third base and scores on an error by Cubs catcher Chris Krug
8.
1966 in baseball
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The following are the baseball events of the year 1966 throughout the world. Williams receives 282 of a possible 302 votes, february 28 – Seeking an unprecedented 3-year $1.05 million to be divided evenly, the Los Angeles Dodgers pitchers Sandy Koufax and Don Drysdale begin a joint holdout. March 8 – The Special Veterans Committee waives Hall of Fame election rules and inducts Casey Stengel, March 17 – Sandy Koufax and Don Drysdale escalate their threat of retirement by signing movie contracts. On March 30, they end their 32-day holdout, signing for $130,000. April 3 – USC pitcher Tom Seaver signs with the New York Mets and he had been drafted by the Braves, but they had signed him to a minor league contract while he was still in college. This voided Seavers remaining eligibility, and voided the contract, the Mets won a special lottery over Cleveland and Philadelphia to win the right to sign him. April 11 – Emmett Ashford takes the field in Washington to officiate a 5–2 Washington Senators win over the Cleveland Indians and he is the first African-American umpire in Major League history. April 12 – Over 50,000 fans show up at Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium to watch the Braves first home game in Atlanta, the Braves fall to the Pittsburgh Pirates in 13 innings, 3–2. May 7 – One day after the New York Yankees record falls to 4–16, general manager Ralph Houk fires Johnny Keane as manager, dan Topping, Jr. replaces Houk as general manager. Their talent and farm system both depleted, the Yankees, after finishing in place in 1965, will finish dead last—their first time doing so since 1912. May 8 The San Francisco Giants trade first baseman/outfielder Orlando Cepeda to the St. Louis Cardinals for pitcher Ray Sadecki, Cepeda will go on to win the National League Most Valuable Player award in 1967 on the Cardinals World Championship team. That same day, the Giants defeat the Cardinals 10–5 in the game at the old Busch Stadium. Frank Robinson of the Baltimore Orioles hits what will be the home run ever hit completely out of Memorial Stadium. The shot comes against Luis Tiant in the first inning of the Orioles 8-3 victory in the game of a doubleheader against the Cleveland Indians. Braves outfielder Felipe Alou delivered a pair of home runs, may 14 – The San Francisco Giants Willie Mays hits his then National League record 512th home run – topping another Giant, Mel Ott. San Francisco beat the Los Angeles Dodgers, 6–1, at Candlestick Park, june 7 – The Oakland Athletics use the second overall pick to draft Arizona State outfielder Reggie Jackson. These five home runs still stand as a Major League record for the most home runs batted in a single inning, june 10 – Sonny Siebert of the Cleveland Indians no-hits the Washington Senators 2–0 at Cleveland Stadium. The no-hitter is the first by an Indian since Bob Fellers third career no-hitter, July 3 – Atlanta pitcher Tony Cloninger hits two grand slams in a game against the Giants, he thus becomes the first National League player and only pitcher in Major League history to do so
9.
1972 in baseball
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The following are the baseball events of the year 1972 throughout the world. 1972 was tainted by a strike over pension and salary arbitration. The strike erased the first week and a half of the season, as a result, an uneven number of games were cancelled for each team, some as few as six, some as many as nine. The lack of makeups of those games, even when they affected playoffs,1972 marked the first year for the Texas Rangers, who had moved to Arlington from Washington, D. C. after the 1971 season. There would be no baseball in D. C. until 2005, the team was one of the worst ever fielded by the franchise, losing 100 games for the first time since 1964. Manager Ted Williams hated living in the Dallas-Fort Worth area,1972 would mark the Kansas City Royals final year at Kansas City Municipal Stadium, as the next year they would move to Royals Stadium at the Truman Sports Complex in suburban Kansas City. January 19 – The Baseball Writers Association of America elects Sandy Koufax, Yogi Berra, Koufax makes it in his first try and, at age of 36, is the youngest honoree in history. January 20 – The Chicago Cubs trade Johnny Callison to the New York Yankees for Jack Aker, february 8 – Commissioner Bowie Kuhn announces that the Special Committee on the Negro Leagues has selected Josh Gibson and Buck Leonard for the Hall of Fame. March 16 – Reigning Cy Young and MVP award winner Vida Blue announces his retirement and it will be a short one as he will join the Oakland Athletics in May. April 1 –13 – The first players strike in baseball history wipes 6–8 games off the schedule of each MLB team and it is agreed that those games will be canceled. The strike results in the team owners adding salary arbitration to the collective bargaining agreement, april 2 – With the sudden death of Gil Hodges, Yogi Berra is named manager of the New York Mets. April 16 – At Wrigley Field, Burt Hooton of the Chicago Cubs no-hits the Philadelphia Phillies 4–0, april 21 – At Arlington Stadium, Frank Howard hits the first home run in Texas Rangers history, a solo shot against Clyde Wright of the California Angels. May 11 – The San Francisco Giants trade Willie Mays to the New York Mets for minor league pitcher Charlie Williams and he scores in the 1st inning on Rusty Staubs grand slam and his solo homer in the 5th inning snaps a 4–4 tie. The final score, Mets 5, Giants 4, may 28 – The Milwaukee Brewers fire manager Dave Bristol, replacing him with Del Crandall. Coach Roy McMillan takes over until Crandall arrives and guides the team to a 4–1 loss to the Boston Red Sox, june 18 – The U. S. Supreme Court rules 5–3 in favor of Major League Baseball in the lawsuit brought by Curt Flood. She resigns between games after being abused by some spectators and by some involved in the game. July 2 – San Franciscos Willie McCovey hits his 14th career grand slam home run to pace the Giants 9–3 win over the Los Angeles Dodgers. Pitcher Randy Moffitt wins his first major game and receives a congratulatory telegram from his sister Billie Jean King
10.
1973 in baseball
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The following are the baseball events of the year 1973 throughout the world. January 3 – A group of investors, headed by shipbuilder George Steinbrenner, january 18 – Orlando Cepeda signs with the Boston Red Sox, making him the first player signed by a team as a designated hitter. January 24 – Left-handed pitcher Warren Spahn is elected to the Hall of Fame in his first try on the Baseball Writers Association of America ballot, receiving 316 of 380 votes. January 28 – The Hall of Fame Special Veterans Committee selects 19th-century pitcher Mickey Welch and Giants first baseman George Kelly, plus umpire Billy Evans, for enshrinement. February 1 – Commissioner Bowie Kuhn announces the selection of Monte Irvin for the Hall of Fame by the Special Committee on the Negro Leagues. February 27 – Chicago White Sox slugger Dick Allen signs a contract for an estimated $250,000 per year. March 5 – New York Yankees teammates Fritz Peterson and Mike Kekich arrive at Spring training, even the family dogs were traded. March 20 – In a special election held by the Baseball Writers Association of America, the Halls Board of Directors had earlier waived the five-year-wait rule for Clemente. March 29 – Orange baseballs, the brainchild of Oakland Athletics owner Charlie Finley, are used in the Athletics 11–5 exhibition loss to the Cleveland Indians. April 6, At Three Rivers Stadium,51,695 fans watch as the jersey #21 of the late Roberto Clemente is retired, the Pittsburgh Pirates then beat the St. Louis Cardinals 7–5, with a ninth-inning rally. At Fenway Park, Ron Blomberg of the New York Yankees becomes the first designated hitter in major league history and he is walked by Boston Red Sox pitcher Luis Tiant in his first plate appearance. At Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum, Tony Oliva of the Minnesota Twins becomes the first designated hitter to homer, april 10 – The Kansas City Royals open their new park, Royals Stadium, with a 12–1 rout of the Texas Rangers. The game is attended by 39,464 fans braving 39-degree weather, april 17 – Philadelphia Phillies pitcher Dick Ruthven, signed from Fresno State, makes his major league debut without ever playing in the minor leagues. He starts against the Montreal Expos but doesnt finish, taking the loss in a 9–6 decision to Dick Selma, april 27 – In 50-degree weather, Kansas City Royals rookie Steve Busby no-hits the host Detroit Tigers 3–0. It is the first Royals no-hitter, and the first in Tiger Stadium since Virgil Trucks in 1952, with the designated hitter rule in effect, Busby becomes the first pitcher of a no-hitter to not come to bat. May 8 For the second time in his career, Willie Stargell of the Pittsburgh Pirates hits a home run out of Dodger Stadium and his blast off Andy Messersmith hits the right field pavilion roof 470 feet away. His first home run, a 506-foot shot, came off Alan Foster on August 5,1969, the Los Angeles Dodgers win, 7–4. In a 9–7 losing effort against the San Francisco Giants, St. Louis Cardinals ace Bob Gibson makes his 242nd consecutive start and it is a new 20th-century record, passing that of Red Ruffing who never pitched in relief the last ten years of his career
11.
1964 in architecture
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The year 1964 in architecture involved some significant architectural events and new buildings. Architecture Without Architects by Bernard Rudofsky is published, april - Donauturm in Vienna, Austria, designed by Hannes Lintl, opened. October - Yoyogi National Gymnasium in Tokyo, Japan, designed by Kenzo Tange for the 1964 Summer Olympics, october 16 - St Catherines College, Oxford, designed by Arne Jacobsen, opened. October 17 - Lake Burley Griffin in Canberra, Australia, designed by Walter Burley Griffin, november 21 Verrazano Narrows Bridge across New York Harbor, designed by Othmar Ammann, opened. Gala Fairydean F. C. stand, Netherdale stadium, Galashiels, Scotland, designed by Peter Womersley, december 28 - Kyoto Tower in Kyoto, Japan, designed by Makoto Tanahashi, opened. July 15 - The Post Office Tower in London, designed by Eric Bedford, date unknown Tour de la Bourse in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, is completed and becomes the tallest building in the British Commonwealth. Prudential Tower in Boston, United States, the Erieview Tower in Downtown Cleveland, Ohio, United States, is completed as part of the Erieview urban renewal plan. The Los Angeles County Museum of Art new building, designed by William Pereira, rohm and Haas Corporate Headquarters in Philadelphia, United States, designed by Pietro Belluschi and George M. Ewing Co. Fernmeldeturm Berlin in Berlin, Germany, is completed after 3 years, the Fernmeldeturm Ulm-Ermingen in Ulm-Ermingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The Ušće Tower in Belgrade, Serbia, the Royal College of Physicians in London, designed by Denys Lasdun. Swiss Cottage Central Library for the London Borough of Camden, designed by Sir Basil Spence, the Economist Group headquarters in the City of London, designed by Peter and Alison Smithson. The Snowdon Aviary, London Zoo, designed by Lord Snowdon, Cedric Price, synagogue for Belfast Hebrew Congregation designed by Eugene Rosenberg of Yorke Rosenberg Mardall. Extension to the Ulster Museum, Belfast, designed in Brutalist style by Francis Pym, the Smithsonian Institutions Museum of History and Technology in Washington, D. C. designed by McKim, Mead & White, opens to the public. Fondation Maeght museum of art at Saint-Paul-de-Vence in the Alpes-Maritimes of France. AIA Gold Medal - Pier Luigi Nervi, architecture Firm Award - The Architects Collaborative. RAIA Gold Medal - Cobden Parkes, Royal Gold Medal - Maxwell Fry. Prix de Rome, architecture - Bernard Schoebel, Rome Prize Fellowship at American Academy in Rome - Charles O. Perry
12.
1964 in music
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This is a list of notable events in music that took place in the year 1964. January 1 – Top of the Pops is broadcast for the first time, January 3 – Footage of the Beatles performing a concert in Bournemouth, England is shown on The Jack Paar Show. January 13 – Bob Dylans The Times They Are a-Changin is released on Columbia Records, January 15 – Vee Jay Records files a lawsuit against Capitol Records and Swan Records over manufacturing and distribution rights to Beatles albums. On April 9, Capitol Records is granted an injunction restraining Vee Jay Records from further manufacturing, distributing or advertising recordings by the Beatles, January 18 – The Beatles appear on the Billboard magazine charts for the first time. January 25 - The late John F. Kennedy becomes the first President credited with a Top 10 album after Dickie Goodman released John F. Kennedy, The Presidential Years 1960-1963. The following week a second album, credited to the late President, February 1 – Indiana Governor Matthew E. Welsh declares the song Louie Louie by The Kingsmen pornographic. He requests that the Indiana Broadcasters Association ban the record, Governor Welsh claimed that hearing the song made his ears tingle. Publisher Max Firetag offers $1,000 to anyone that can find anything suggestive in the songs lyrics, February 7 – The Beatles arrive in the United States and are greeted by thousands of screaming fans at New Yorks Kennedy Airport. February 9 – The Beatles perform on The Ed Sullivan Show, February 12 – Anna Moffo collapses onstage at Covent Garden in the first act of Rigoletto, and her part is taken over, after a delay of 45 minutes, by Welsh soprano Elizabeth Vaughan. February 16 – The Beatles appear on The Ed Sullivan Show, February 22 – Plácido Domingo makes his international breakthrough at the première of Ginasteras Don Rodrigo in New York City. February 23 The Beatles appear on The Ed Sullivan Show, march 6 – Elvis Presleys 14th motion picture, Kissin Cousins is released to theaters. March 14 – Billboard Magazine reports that sales of Beatles records make up 60% of the singles market. March 16 – Disc jockey Alan Freed is charged with tax evasion, march 21 – Italy wins the 9th Eurovision Song Contest, held in the Tivoli Concert Hall, Copenhagen, with the song Non ho letà, sung by 16-year-old Gigliola Cinquetti. March 24 – John Lennons first book, In His Own Write is published, march 27 – The Beatles occupy the top six spots on the Australian pop chart. March 28 – Wax likenesses of The Beatles are put on display in Londons Madame Tussauds Wax Museum, the Beatles are the first pop stars to be displayed at the museum. April – Drummer Keith Moon joins The Who, April 4 – The Beatles occupy all five top positions on Billboards Hot 100 with their singles Cant Buy Me Love, Twist and Shout, She Loves You, I Want to Hold Your Hand, and Please Please Me. April 11 – The Beatles hold 14 positions on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, previously, the highest number of concurrent singles by one artist on the Hot 100 was nine by Elvis Presley, December 19,1956. April 16 – The Rolling Stones release their eponymous début album, may 2 – In the United States, The Beatles Second Album climbs to the #1 spot on the LP charts in only its second week of release
13.
1964 World Series
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The 1964 World Series pitted the National League champion St. Louis Cardinals against the American League champion New York Yankees, with the Cardinals prevailing in seven games. St. Louis won their world championship, while the Yankees. In an unusual twist, the Yankees fired Yogi Berra after the Series ended, replacing him with Johnny Keane and his job had been threatened by Cardinals management, and it was unexpectedly saved by the Cardinals dramatic pennant drive. This pennant for the Yankees concluded their run of 15 World Series appearances over 18 years. Indeed, they had won 29 American League championships in the 44-year span from 1921 through 1964, the 1964 World Series, and the season leading up to it, later became the subject for the David Halberstam New York Times bestseller October 1964. The Series featured the brother-against-brother match-up of Ken Boyer of the Cardinals and Clete Boyer of the Yankees, for the first time in Series history, all six umpires rotated through their positions. In all Series from 1947 through 1963, only the four umpires had rotated. Mickey Mantle, playing in his last Series, hit three home runs, raising his total to a record-setting 18, surpassing Babe Ruths mark of 15. Utility infielder Chet Trail, who had no major league experience. Trail did not play in the series, and Trail never appeared in a league game during his career. Both Berra and Keane were St, after winning the American League pennant in 1963, the Yankees faced strong challenges from the pitching-rich Chicago White Sox and up-and-coming Baltimore Orioles in 1964. On August 22, the Yankees were in place, 5 1⁄2 games out of first. After losing two games in Detroit, the Yankees clinched the pennant on the next-to-last day of the season with an 8–3 win over the Indians. The Cardinals were coming off a finish in 1963. But they proceeded to lose 10 straight games, with two games remaining, four teams still had a mathematical chance to win the pennant. The Giants were the first to be eliminated when they lost on October 3 to the Cubs, the Cardinals lost to the lowly Mets, 15–5, while the Phillies ended their 10-game losing streak with a 4–3 win over the Reds. The Phillies did their part by defeating the Reds, 10–0, during the season the Cardinals would be involved in the Lou Brock-for-Ernie Broglio trade, which would later be considered the most lopsided trade in baseball history. NL St. Louis Cardinals vs. AL New York Yankees The Cardinals scouting report indicated that injuries had taken their toll on Mickey Mantles defense and they acted on this intelligence, taking extra bases repeatedly and scoring from second on singles in the second and sixth innings
14.
St. Louis Cardinals
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The St. Louis Cardinals are an American professional baseball team based in St. Louis, Missouri. The Cardinals compete in Major League Baseball as a club of the National League Central division. Busch Stadium has been their home ballpark since 2006, with origins as one of the early professional baseball clubs in St. Upon the discontinuation of the AA, St. Louis joined the NL in 1892, at time, they were called the Browns. One of the most successful franchises in history, the Cardinals have won 11 World Series championships. Their 19 National League pennants rank third in NL history, in addition, St. Louis has won 13 division titles in the East and Central divisions. While still in the AA, St. Louis won four league championships, the Cardinals have won 105 or more games in four different seasons and won 100 or more a total of nine times. Cardinals players have won 20 league MVPs, four batting Triple Crowns, and three Cy Young Awards. Baseball Hall of Fame inductees include Lou Brock, Dizzy Dean, Bob Gibson, Whitey Herzog, Rogers Hornsby, Joe Medwick, Stan Musial, Branch Rickey, Red Schoendienst, Ozzie Smith, and Bruce Sutter. In 2016, Forbes valued the Cardinals at $1.6 billion, making them the 7th-most valuable franchise in MLB, their revenue the year was $300 million. Since their purchase in 1995, owner William DeWitt, Jr. s investment group has seen enormous growth from the $147 million purchase price, John Mozeliak is the general manager and Mike Matheny is the manager. Professional baseball began in St. Louis with the inception of the Brown Stockings in the National Association in 1875, the NA folded following that season, and the next season, St. Louis joined the National League as a charter member, finishing in third place at 45-19. George Bradley hurled the first no-hitter in Major League history, the NL expelled St. Louis from the league after 1877 due to a game-fixing scandal and the team went bankrupt. Without a league, they continued play as a barnstorming team through 1881. For the 1882 season, Chris von der Ahe purchased the team, reorganized it, and made it a member of the American Association. 1882 is generally considered to be the first year existence of the St. Louis Cardinals, the next season, St. Louis shortened their name to the Browns. Soon thereafter they became the dominant team in the AA, as manager Charlie Comiskey guided St. Louis to four pennants in a row from 1885 to 1888. Pitcher and outfielder Bob Caruthers led the league in ERA and wins in 1885 and he also led the AA in OBP and OPS in 1886 and finished fourth in batting average in 1886 and fifth in 1887
15.
New York Yankees
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The Essendon Football Club is a professional Australian rules football club which plays in the Australian Football League, the sports premier competition. Formed in 1871 as a club and playing as a senior club since 1878. It is historically associated with Essendon, a suburb in the north-west of Melbourne, dyson Heppell is the current team captain. A founding member club of both the Victorian Football Association, in 1877, and the Victorian Football League, in 1896, the club claims to have over at least one million supporters Australia wide. Essendon has won 16 VFL/AFL premierships which, along with Carlton, is the most of any club in the competition, the club was founded by members of the Royal Agricultural Society, the Melbourne Hunt Club and the Victorian Woolbrokers. The Essendon Football Club is thought to have formed in 1872 at a meeting it the home of a well-known brewery family, the McCrackens, whose Ascot Vale property hosted a team of local junior players. Robert McCracken, the owner of several city hotels, was the founder and first president of the Essendon club and his son, Alex, Alex would later become president of the newly formed VFL. Alexs cousin, Collier, who had played with Melbourne, was the teams first captain. The club played its first recorded match against the Carlton second twenty on 7 June 1873, Essendon played 13 matches in its first season, winning seven, with four draws and losing two. The club was one of the junior members of the Victorian Football Association in 1877. During its early years in the Association, Essendon played its matches at Flemington Hill. In 1878, Essendon played in the first match on what would be considered by modern standards to be a field at Flemington Hill. In 1879 Essendon played Melbourne in one of the earliest night matches recorded when the ball was painted white, in 1883 the team played four matches in Adelaide. In 1891 Essendon won their first VFA premiership, which they repeated in 1892,1893 and 1894, one of the clubs greatest players, Albert Thurgood played for the club during this period. Essendon was undefeated in the 1893 season, at the end of the 1896 season Essendon along with seven other clubs formed the Victorian Football League. Essendons first VFL game was in 1897 was against Geelong at Corio Oval in Geelong, Essendon won its first VFL premiership by winning the 1897 VFL finals series. Essendon again won the premiership in 1901, defeating Collingwood in the Grand Final, the club won successive premierships in 1911 and 1912 over Collingwood and South Melbourne respectively. The nickname first appeared in print in the local North Melbourne Advertiser in 1889 and it was known firstly as Essendon Town and, after 1905, as Essendon
16.
Bob Gibson
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Robert Bob Gibson is a retired American baseball pitcher who played 17 seasons in Major League Baseball for the St. Louis Cardinals. Nicknamed Gibby and Hoot, Gibson tallied 251 wins,3,117 strikeouts, a nine-time All-Star and two-time World Series champion, he won two Cy Young Awards and the 1968 National League Most Valuable Player Award. In 1981, he was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in his first year of eligibility, the Cardinals retired his uniform number 45 in September 1975 and inducted him into the team Hall of Fame in 2014. Born in Omaha, Nebraska, Gibson overcame childhood illness to excel in youth sports, after briefly playing under contract to both the basketball Harlem Globetrotters team and the St. Louis Cardinals organization, Gibson decided to continue playing only baseball professionally. Once becoming a starting pitcher in July 1961, Gibson began experiencing an increasing level of success. Gibson won two of three games he pitched in the 1964 World Series, then won 20 games in a season for the first time in 1965, Gibson also pitched three complete game victories in the 1967 World Series. The pinnacle of Gibsons career was 1968, when he posted a 1.12 ERA for the season, over the course of his career, Gibson became known for his fierce competitive nature and the intimidation factor he used against opposing batters. Gibson threw a no-hitter during the 1971 season, but began experiencing swelling in his knee in subsequent seasons, after retiring as a player in 1975, Gibson later served as pitching coach for his former teammate Joe Torre. At one time a special instructor coach for the St. Louis Cardinals, Gibson is the author of the memoir Pitch by Pitch, with Lonnie Wheeler. Gibson was born in Omaha, Nebraska, the last of Pack, Gibsons father died of tuberculosis three months prior to Gibsons birth, and Gibson himself was named Pack Robert Gibson in his fathers honor. While he revered his fathers legacy, Gibson disliked the name Pack, Gibsons brother Josh, who was 15 years his senior, had a profound impact on his early life, serving as a mentor to him. Gibson played on a number of basketball and baseball teams his brother coached. Gibson attended Omaha Technical High School, where during his tenure he participated on the track, basketball, and baseball teams. Health issues resurfaced for Gibson, though, and he needed a permission to compete in high school sports because of a heart murmur that occurred in tandem with a rapid growth spurt. While at Creighton, Gibson majored in sociology, and continued to experience success playing basketball, at the end of Gibsons junior basketball season he averaged 22 points per game, and made third team Jesuit All-American. As his graduation from Creighton approached, the spring of 1957 proved to be a time for Gibson. Aside from getting married, Gibson had garnered the interest of Harlem Globetrotters basketball team, in 1957, Gibson received a $3,000 bonus to sign with the Cardinals. He delayed his start with the organization for a year, playing basketball with the Harlem Globetrotters, earning the nickname Bullet and becoming famous for backhanded dunks
17.
Shea Stadium
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Shea Stadium /ˈʃeɪ/) was a stadium in Flushing Meadows–Corona Park, Queens, New York City. Built as a stadium, it was the home park of Major League Baseballs New York Mets from 1964 to 2008. Shea Stadium was named in honor of William A. Shea and it was demolished in 2009 to create additional parking for the adjacent Citi Field, the current home of the Mets. The origins of Shea Stadium go way back to the Brooklyn Dodgers and the New York Giants relocations to the U. S. west coast, OMalley preferred to pay construction costs himself so he could own the stadium outright. He wanted total control over revenue from parking, concessions, New York City, in contrast, wanted to build the stadium, rent it, and retain the ancillary revenue rights to pay off its construction bonds. Additionally, OMalley wanted to build his new stadium in Brooklyn, in 1960, the National League agreed to grant an expansion franchise to the owners of the New York franchise in the abortive Continental League, provided that a new stadium be built. Mayor Robert Wagner, Jr. had to wire all National League owners. On October 6,1961, the Mets signed a 30-year stadium lease, rent for what was originally budgeted as a $9 million facility was set at $450,000 annually, with a reduction of $20,000 each year until it reached $300,000 annually. The Mets inaugural season was played in the Polo Grounds, with plans calling for the team to move to a new stadium in 1963. In October 1962, Mets official Tom Meany said, Only a series of blizzards or some other unforeseen trouble might hamper construction and that unforeseen trouble surfaced in a number of ways, the severe winter of 1962–1963, along with the bankruptcies of two subcontractors and labor issues. The end result was both the Mets and Jets played at the Polo Grounds for one more year. After 29 months and $28.5 million, Shea Stadium opened on April 17,1964, the stadium opened five days before the 1964-65 New York Worlds Fair, across Roosevelt Avenue. Although not officially part of the grounds, the stadium sported steel panels on its exterior in the blue-and-orange colors of the Fair. The panels were removed in 1980, in accordance with New York City law, Shea Stadium was dismantled, rather than imploded. The company with the rights to sell memorabilia was given two weeks after the game to remove seats, signage and other potentially saleable and collectable items before demolition was to begin. The seats were the first, followed by other such as the foul poles, dugouts, stadium signage. After salvaging operations concluded, demolition of the ballpark began on October 14,2008, on October 18, the scoreboard in right field was demolished, with the bleachers, batters eye and bullpens shortly thereafter. By November 10, the field, dugouts and the rest of the field level seats had been demolished, by mid-December, all of the Loge level seats and a good portion of the Mezzanine level seating were gone as well, leaving only the outer shell remaining
18.
Johnny Callison
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John Wesley Callison was an American professional baseball player. He played in Major League Baseball for 16 seasons and is best known for his years with the Philadelphia Phillies as a fielder from 1960 through 1969. He was an All-Star for three seasons and four All-Star games and he also led the NL in outfield assists four consecutive times and in double plays once, and ended his career among the top five Phillies in home runs and triples. Born in Qualls, Oklahoma, Callison batted left-handed and threw right-handed, the next season, he was advanced to the Triple-A Indianapolis Indians, where he led the American Association in home runs. In September 1958, he was recalled by the White Sox, in 1959, Callison split time between Chicago and Indianapolis. He was not on the World Series roster when the White Sox lost the series to the Los Angeles Dodgers, Callison became a fan favorite in Philadelphia, Supreme Court Justice and lifelong Phillies fan Samuel Alito recalls he adopted Johnny Callison out there in right field as a boy. Over the next decade, Callison would be named to the NL All-Star roster three times, in 1962, he batted an even.300, the only time he would reach that mark, and led the NL with 10 triples. On June 27,1963, he hit for the cycle against the Pittsburgh Pirates, on July 23,1962, in a game against the Chicago Cubs at Wrigley Field, Callison had the first hit seen live by television audiences in Europe. A small segment of the game was featured that day in the first transatlantic television broadcast via the Telstar satellite, the crowd of 6,699 cheered wildly when the public address announcer told them the game was being transmitted live to Europe. Callisons hit was fielded by Cubs right fielder George Altman, Callison had hit the first pitch he saw in that at-bat from Cubs pitcher Cal Koonce. There was one out and no score by either team at the time, european and U. S. viewers also saw the previous play, a flyout to Altman by Phillies leadoff hitter Tony Taylor. It was the first and, as of 2012, the segment of an American sporting event to be televised live by ABC, CBS. The Phillies went on to win the game 5-3, manager Gene Mauch was criticized for his handling of the pitching staff over the final two weeks, but players such as slugging rookie third baseman Richie Allen also drew harsh treatment. With the Phillies behind by two on September 29, Callison did not start because he had the flu with chills, however, Callison pinch-hit late in the game and managed a single. Despite the disappointing finish for Philadelphia, Callison ended the year third in the league in HRs. He earned two votes for the MVP Award, won by Ken Boyer of the World Series champion Cardinals. In 1965, Callison again led the NL with a career-high 16 triples, once more topping 30 HRs and 100 RBI, on June 6, in 1966, he paced the league with 40 doubles. Callison also is remembered for being an excellent outfielder with a throwing arm
19.
University of Minnesota
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The University of Minnesota, Twin Cities is a public research university in Minneapolis and Saint Paul, Minnesota. The Minneapolis and St. Paul campuses are approximately 3 miles apart, and it is the oldest and largest campus within the University of Minnesota system and has the sixth-largest main campus student body in the United States, with 51,147 students in 2013–14. The university is the institution of the University of Minnesota system, and is organized into 19 colleges and schools, with sister campuses in Crookston, Duluth, Morris. Minnesota is one of Americas Public Ivy universities, which refers to top universities in the United States capable of providing a collegiate experience comparable with the Ivy League. Founded in 1851, The University of Minnesota is categorized as an R1 Doctoral University with the highest research activity in the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, Minnesota faculty, alumni, and researchers have won 25 Nobel Prizes and three Pulitzer Prizes. Notable University of Minnesota alumni include two Vice Presidents of the United States, Hubert Humphrey and Walter Mondale, and Bob Dylan, who received the 2016 Nobel Prize in Literature. The University of Minnesota Twin Cities is also a member of the Association of American Universities which is an association of the 62 leading research universities in the United States and Canada. In its 2017 edition, U. S. News & World Report ranked Minnesota 38th in their Best Global University Rankings, the Times Higher Education World University Rankings for 2015 ranks Minnesota 46th in the world. In 2015, Academic Ranking of World Universities ranked the university 11th in the world for mathematics, the University of Minnesota is ranked 14 over-all among the nations top research universities by the Center for Measuring University Performance. The U. S. News & World Reports 2016 rankings placed the program of the University as the 69th-best National University in the United States. Additionally, nineteen of the Universitys graduate-school departments have been ranked in the nations top-twenty by the U. S. National Research Council, in both 2008 and 2012 U. S. News & World Report ranked the College of Pharmacy 2nd in the nation. 2016 U. S. News & Report now rank the College of Pharmacy 2nd in the nation. In 2011, U. S. News & World Report ranked the School of Public Health 8th in the nation, the University of Minnesota ranked 19th in NIH funding in 2008. Minnesota is listed as a Public Ivy in 2001 Greenes Guides The Public Ivies, the university developed Gopher, a precursor to the World Wide Web which used hyperlinks to connect documents across computers on the internet. However, the produced by CERN was favored by the public since it was freely distributed. The University also houses the Charles Babbage Institute, a research, the department has strong roots in early days of supercomputing with Seymour Cray of Cray supercomputers. Notable faculty of the department are Yousef Saad, Vipin Kumar, Jaideep Srivastava, John Riedl, some notable alumni of the department are Ed Chi, Imrich Chlamtac, Leah Culver, Jeff Dean, Mark P. McCahill, Arvind Mithal, and Calvin Mooers. Puffed rice - Alexander P. Anderson led to the discovery of puffed rice, transistorized cardiac pacemaker - Earl Bakken founded Medtronic, where he developed the first external, battery-operated, transistorized, wearable artificial pacemaker in 1957
20.
Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks
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The Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks are a Japanese baseball team based in Fukuoka, Fukuoka Prefecture. The team was bought on January 28,2005 by the SoftBank Corporation, the team was formerly known as the Nankai Hawks and was based in Osaka. In 1988, Daiei bought the team from Osakas Nankai Electric Railway Co. the franchises original name was Nankai when it joined the Japanese Baseball League in 1938, with the name originating with the Nankai Electric Railway Co. which owned the team at the time. The teams name was changed to Kinki Nippon in mid-1944 as it received partial sponsorship from Kinki Nippon Railway, after the 1945 hiatus in the JBL due to the Pacific War, in 1946 the teams name was changed to Kinki Great Ring and the team won the JBL championship. Throughout the name changes the club underwent between 1938 and 1946, Nankai Electric Railway Co. maintained ownership of the franchise, in mid-1947, Nankai settled upon its current moniker. In 1964, the Hawks team sent pitching prospect Masanori Murakami, on September 1 of that year Murakami became the first Japanese player to play in Major League Baseball when he appeared on the mound for the San Francisco Giants. Disputes over the rights to his contract led to the 1967 United States – Japanese Player Contract Agreement. Murakami returned to the Hawks in 1966, playing for them through 1974 and he contributed to the teams league championship in 1973. The team fell on hard times between 1978 and 1988, finishing no better than 4th place out of the 6 teams in the Pacific League in any year in the period. The team witnessed its fan base diminish as a result of the period of poor play, with attendance dropping. The change in the financial performance led Nankai Electric Railway to question the value of maintaining ownership. The companys board of directors and union leadership put pressure on Den Kawakatsu, then president of Nankai Railway and owner of the team, to sell the team, which he refused to do. However, Mr. Katsuya Nomura, Mutsuo Minagawa, Hiromitsu Kadota, after the franchise was acquired by department store chain Daiei, Inc. the Hawks were flush with new funds and a new home city in Fukuoka, the capital of the eponymous prefecture on Kyushu Island. However, in spite of efforts of the new ownership, the Hawks still were usually in the cellar of the Pacific League. The Hawks front office adopted a strategy of drafting and developing players, supplemented by free agent signings. Setoyamas most brilliant moves were the hiring of Sadaharu Oh to take the reins of manager, Oh replaced then-manager Rikuo Nemoto, who was named team president and held that position until his death in 1999. Also tapped was Akira Ishikawa, a former player, who was tasked with bringing in talented amateurs. Supplementing the amateur signings were some free-agent acquisitions, most of them former Seibu stars from their 1980s championship teams, among them were infielder Hiromichi Ishige, immensely popular outfielder and current manager Koji Akiyama, and ace left-handed pitcher Kimiyasu Kudoh
21.
Hanshin Tigers
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The Hanshin Tigers are a Nippon Professional Baseball team playing in the Central League. The team is based in Koshien, Nishinomiya, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan, the Hanshin Tigers are one of the oldest professional clubs in Japan. They played their first season in 1936 as the Osaka Tigers, the Hanshin Tigers, one of the oldest professional clubs in Japan, were founded on December 10,1935 with the team being formed in 1936. The team was first called the Ōsaka Tigers, in 1940, amid anti-foreign sentiment, the Tigers changed the name to Hanshin and in 1947 changed the name back to Ōsaka Tigers. The current team name was assumed in 1961, the Tigers won four titles before the establishment of the two league system in 1950. Since the league was split into the Central League and the Pacific League, the Tigers have won the Central League pennant five times and the Japan Series once. When the 2004 Major League Baseball season opened in Japan, the Tigers played a game against the New York Yankees at the Tokyo Dome on March 29. In each of 2005,2006,2007 and 2009, more than three million people attended games hosted by the Tigers, the Tigers were the only one of the 12 Nippon Professional Baseball teams to achieve this. On January 31,2007, the Tigers presented uniforms for the 2007 season, for the home uniforms, yellow, one of the colors of the team, was used again. The home field, Koshien Stadium, is used by high school teams from all over Japan for play in the national championship tournaments in spring. The summer tournament takes place in the middle of the Tigers season, famous players in Hanshin Tigers history include Fumio Fujimura, Masaru Kageura, Minoru Murayama, Yutaka Enatsu, Masayuki Kakefu, Randy Bass and many others. The home field of the Tigers, Hanshin Koshien Stadium, is one of three natural grass baseball stadiums in Japan. The others are the Mazda Stadium in Hiroshima, and Skymark Stadium in Kobe, of the three, only Koshien has an all-dirt infield. There are numerous smaller grass field ballparks around the country, Japanese baseball teams play games in small cities so that local fans can see more of their heroes. Koshien Stadium is the oldest ballpark in Japan, built in 1924, there is a monument commemorating this visit at the front gates of the park. Koshien is revered as a ballpark, and players traditionally bow before entering. As with many other underachieving baseball teams, a curse is believed to lurk over the Tigers, after their 1985 Japan Series win, fans celebrated by having people who looked like Tigers players jump into the Dotonbori Canal. According to legend, because none of the fans resembled first baseman Randy Bass, fans grabbed a life-sized statue of Kentucky Fried Chicken mascot Colonel Sanders and threw it into the river
22.
Staten Island
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Staten Island /ˌstætən ˈaɪlənd/ is one of the five boroughs of New York City in the U. S. state of New York. In the southwest of the city, Staten Island is the southernmost part of both the city and state of New York, with Conference House Park at the tip of the island. The borough is separated from New Jersey by the Arthur Kill and the Kill Van Kull, with a 2015 Census-estimated population of 474,558, Staten Island is the least populated of the boroughs but is the third-largest in area at 58 sq mi. Staten Island is the borough of New York with a non-Hispanic White majority. The borough is coextensive with Richmond County, and until 1975 was the Borough of Richmond and its flag was later changed to reflect this. Staten Island has been called the forgotten borough by inhabitants who feel neglected by the city government. The East Shore is home to the 2. 5-mile F. D. R, Boardwalk, the fourth-longest in the world. The South Shore, site of the 17th-century Dutch and French Huguenot settlement, the West Shore is the least populated and most industrial part of the island. Motor traffic can reach the borough from Brooklyn via the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge and from New Jersey via the Outerbridge Crossing, Goethals Bridge, and Bayonne Bridge. Staten Island has Metropolitan Transportation Authority bus lines and an MTA rapid transit line, the Staten Island Railway, Staten Island is the only borough that is not connected to the New York City Subway system. The free Staten Island Ferry connects the borough to Manhattan and is a popular tourist attraction, providing views of the Statue of Liberty, Ellis Island, and Lower Manhattan. The landfill is being redeveloped as Freshkills Park, a devoted to restoring habitat. As in much of North America, human habitation appeared in the island fairly rapidly after the retreat of the ice sheet, archaeologists have recovered tool evidence of Clovis culture activity dating from about 14,000 years ago. This evidence was first discovered in 1917 in the Charleston section of the island, various Clovis artifacts have been discovered since then, on property owned by Mobil Oil. The island was abandoned later, possibly because of the extirpation of large mammals on the island. Rossville points are a type of arrowhead that defines a Native American cultural period that runs from the Archaic period to the Early Woodland period. They are named for the Rossville section of Staten Island, where they were first found near the old Rossville Post Office building, at the time of European contact, the island was inhabited by the Raritan band of the Unami division of the Lenape. In Lenape, one of the Algonquian languages, Staten Island was called Aquehonga Manacknong, meaning as far as the place of the bad woods, or Eghquhous, the area was part of the Lenape homeland known as Lenapehoking
23.
New York (state)
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New York is a state in the northeastern United States, and is the 27th-most extensive, fourth-most populous, and seventh-most densely populated U. S. state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south and Connecticut, Massachusetts, and Vermont to the east. With an estimated population of 8.55 million in 2015, New York City is the most populous city in the United States, the New York Metropolitan Area is one of the most populous urban agglomerations in the world. New York City makes up over 40% of the population of New York State, two-thirds of the states population lives in the New York City Metropolitan Area, and nearly 40% lives on Long Island. Both the state and New York City were named for the 17th-century Duke of York, the next four most populous cities in the state are Buffalo, Rochester, Yonkers, and Syracuse, while the state capital is Albany. New York has a diverse geography and these more mountainous regions are bisected by two major river valleys—the north-south Hudson River Valley and the east-west Mohawk River Valley, which forms the core of the Erie Canal. Western New York is considered part of the Great Lakes Region and straddles Lake Ontario, between the two lakes lies Niagara Falls. The central part of the state is dominated by the Finger Lakes, New York had been inhabited by tribes of Algonquian and Iroquoian-speaking Native Americans for several hundred years by the time the earliest Europeans came to New York. The first Europeans to arrive were French colonists and Jesuit missionaries who arrived southward from settlements at Montreal for trade, the British annexed the colony from the Dutch in 1664. The borders of the British colony, the Province of New York, were similar to those of the present-day state, New York is home to the Statue of Liberty, a symbol of the United States and its ideals of freedom, democracy, and opportunity. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. On April 17,1524 Verrazanno entered New York Bay, by way of the now called the Narrows into the northern bay which he named Santa Margherita. Verrazzano described it as a vast coastline with a delta in which every kind of ship could pass and he adds. This vast sheet of water swarmed with native boats and he landed on the tip of Manhattan and possibly on the furthest point of Long Island. Verrazannos stay was interrupted by a storm which pushed him north towards Marthas Vineyard, in 1540 French traders from New France built a chateau on Castle Island, within present-day Albany, due to flooding, it was abandoned the next year. In 1614, the Dutch under the command of Hendrick Corstiaensen, rebuilt the French chateau, Fort Nassau was the first Dutch settlement in North America, and was located along the Hudson River, also within present-day Albany. The small fort served as a trading post and warehouse, located on the Hudson River flood plain, the rudimentary fort was washed away by flooding in 1617, and abandoned for good after Fort Orange was built nearby in 1623. Henry Hudsons 1609 voyage marked the beginning of European involvement with the area, sailing for the Dutch East India Company and looking for a passage to Asia, he entered the Upper New York Bay on September 11 of that year
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Massapequa, New York
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Massapequa is a hamlet and census-designated place in the southern part of the Town of Oyster Bay in southeastern Nassau County, New York, on Long Island, east of New York City. It is adjacent to Amityville in Suffolk County, as of the 2010 census, the CDP had a total population of 21,685. The bands were identified by names of the areas they occupied. Major bands of Pequot in eastern Long Island were the Montaukett, today the Shinnecock Indian Nation has gained federal recognition and has a reservation on the South Shore of Long Island. Massapequa, on the South Shore of Long Island, is located at 40°4013 North, 73°2816 West. According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP has an area of 4.0 square miles. The total area is 9. 20% water, Massapequa and nearby places with Massapequa in their names are sometimes collectively called the Massapequas. As of the census of 2000, there were 22,652 people,7,417 households, the population density was 6,207.5 per square mile. There were 7,514 housing units at a density of 2,059. 1/sq mi. The racial makeup of the CDP was 97. 42% White,0. 17% African American,0. 02% Native American,1. 27% Asian,0. 03% Pacific Islander,0. 37% from other races, and 0. 73% from two or more races. 2. 59% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race, because it has large Italian and Jewish communities, the town is sometimes referred to as matzah pizza. 12. 5% of all households were made up of individuals and 6. 9% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 3.05 and the average family size was 3.33. In the CDP, the population was spread with 25. 6% under the age of 18,5. 9% from 18 to 24,29. 5% from 25 to 44,24. 7% from 45 to 64, the median age was 41 years as of 2007. For every 100 females there were 94.9 males, for every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 110.0 males. The median income for a household in the CDP was $107,181, males had a median income of $78,859 versus $57,016 for females. The per capita income for the CDP was $42,169,2. 9% of the population and 1. 6% of families were below the poverty line. During the 1960s and the 1970s, Massapequa School District had seven elementary schools, in the 1990s the Massapequa school district restructured the district by leasing Carmans Road elementary to Nassau BOCES. Hawthorn Elementary was rented to the department in 2006 and currently serves as the Nassau County Police Academy
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National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum
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The National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum is an American history museum and hall of fame, located at 25 Main Street in Cooperstown, New York, and operated by private interests. The Halls motto is Preserving History, Honoring Excellence, Connecting Generations, the word Cooperstown is often used as shorthand for the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum. The Hall of Fame was established in 1939 by Stephen Carlton Clark, Clark had sought to bring tourists to a city hurt by the Great Depression, which reduced the local tourist trade, and Prohibition, which devastated the local hops industry. A new building was constructed, and the Hall of Fame was dedicated on June 12,1939, the erroneous claim that U. S. Civil War hero Abner Doubleday invented baseball in Cooperstown was instrumental in the early marketing of the Hall. An expanded library and research facility opened in 1994, dale Petroskey became the organizations president in 1999. In 2002, the Hall launched Baseball As America, an exhibit that toured ten American museums over six years. The Hall of Fame has since also sponsored educational programming on the Internet to bring the Hall of Fame to schoolchildren who might not visit, the Hall and Museum completed a series of renovations in spring 2005. The Hall of Fame also presents an annual exhibit at FanFest at the Major League Baseball All-Star Game, Jeff Idelson replaced Petroskey as president on April 16,2008. In 2012, Congress passed and President Barack Obama signed a law ordering the United States Mint to produce and sell commemorative, non-circulating coins to benefit the private, non-profit Hall. The bill, House Bill H. R.2527, was introduced in the United States House of Representatives by Rep. Richard Hanna, a Republican from New York, the coins, which depict baseball gloves and balls, are the first concave designs produced by the Mint. The mintage included 50,000 gold coins,400,000 silver coins, the Mint released them on March 27,2014, and the gold and silver editions quickly sold out. The Hall receives money from surcharges included in the sale price,114 members of the Hall of Fame have been inducted posthumously, including four who died after their selection was announced. Of the 35 Negro league members,29 were inducted posthumously, the Hall of Fame includes one female member, Effa Manley. The newest inductees, enshrined on July 24,2016, are players Mike Piazza, the incoming class of 2017, to be formally enshrined on July 30, consists of executives John Schuerholz and Bud Selig and players Jeff Bagwell, Tim Raines, and Iván Rodríguez. In addition to honoring Hall of Fame inductees, the National Baseball Hall of Fame has presented 40 men with the Ford C, while Frick and Spink Award honorees are not members of the Hall of Fame, they are recognized in an exhibit in the Hall of Fames library. ONeil Award honorees are also not Hall of Fame members, but are listed alongside a permanent statue of the namesake and first recipient, Buck ONeil. From a final ballot typically including 25–40 candidates, each writer may vote for up to 10 players, until the late 1950s, any player named on 75% or more of all ballots cast is elected. A player who is named on fewer than 5% of ballots is dropped from future elections, players receiving 5% or more of the votes but fewer than 75% are reconsidered annually until a maximum of ten years of eligibility
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Luke Appling
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Lucius Benjamin Luke Appling, nicknamed Old Aches and Pains was an American shortstop in Major League Baseball who played his entire career for the Chicago White Sox. He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1964, born in North Carolina, Appling briefly attended Oglethorpe College. He was signed by the minor league Atlanta Crackers in 1930 and he interrupted his career to serve in World War II in 1944 and 1945. He played for Chicago until 1950, then was a minor league manager and he served one stint as an interim major league manager in 1967. He died in Georgia in 1991, Appling was born in High Point, North Carolina. He later said that he had been lefthanded, a trait that he shared with his father, at that point, he said that he became righthanded because he wanted to play shortstop. Attending Oglethorpe College in Atlanta, Appling stayed for two years, in 1930, the Oglethorpe baseball team was undefeated in a 15-game season, in his last game at Oglethorpe, Appling hit three home runs against Mercer University. Appling was signed by the Southern League Atlanta Crackers that year and he was a good hitter in his first year, but committed 42 errors in 104 games. The Chicago Cubs showed some interest at first, but decided not to him. Appling appeared in six games for the White Sox in 1930. He hit for a.232 batting average in 96 games in 1931, in 1933 his average increased from.274 to.322 in his first of nine straight.300 seasons. The White Sox lost more than 90 games in four of Applings first five seasons with the team and his best season was 1936, when he batted.388, knocked in 124 runs, scored 111 times, recorded 204 hits, and had a team-record 27-game hitting streak. His batting average was good for the first AL batting title won by a shortstop and it was the highest batting average recorded by a shortstop in the 20th century. He finished second in the AL Most Valuable Player voting and earned his first All-Star Game selection and he also turned a league-leading 119 double plays. Appling hit.317 in 1937 as the White Sox finished in place in the AL. Appling played in 81 games in 1938, he missed much of the season with a broken leg, in 1940, Appling hit.348 with a career-high 13 triples. Although the team finished fourth, they came closer to a league championship than at any point in his career, Appling won another batting title in 1943 with a.328 average and also led the league in OBP that year. Appling missed the 1944 season due to service and returned in time to play only 18 games the next year
