The 1968 United States Senate election in Alabama took place on November 5, 1968. Incumbent Democratic U.S. Senator J. Lister Hill retired. He was succeeded by Lieutenant Governor of Alabama James Allen, who won a hotly contested primary over Armistead I. Selden Jr. In the general election, Allen easily defeated Republican Probate Judge Perry O. Hooper Sr. and National Democratic nominee Robert Schwenn.

James Browning Allen was an American Democratic politician serving as U.S. senator representing Alabama. Allen previously served as the Lieutenant Governor of Alabama and also served in the Alabama Senate and the Alabama House of Representatives.