1.
1982 in Japan
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Events in the year 1982 in Japan. February 9 - Japan Airlines Flight 350 crashes in Tokyo Bay, april 1 - The 500 yen coin is introduced. July 23 - A heavy torrential rain, landslide hit in central Kyushu Island, according to Fire and Disaster Management Agency confirmed report, total 326 person lives, august 2 - Typhoon Bess, according to Fire and Disaster Management Agency confirmed report,95 person fatalities. September 24 - A Ministry of Education official is arrested on bribery charges, for a list of anime released in 1982 see Category,1982 anime. In film, Fall Guy won the Best Film award at the Japan Academy Prize, the Blue Ribbon Awards, exchange Students won the Best Film award at the Yokohama Film Festival. For a list of Japanese films released in 1982 see Japanese films of 1982, in manga, Gakuto Retsuden by Motoka Murakami, Yōkihi-den by Suzue Miuchi and Karyūdo no Seiza by Machiko Satonaka were the winners of the Kodansha Manga Award. The winners of the Shogakukan Manga Award were Tsuribaka Nisshi by Jūzō Yamasaki and Kenichi Kitami, Miyuki and Touch by Mitsuru Adachi and Game Center Arashi, gin no Sankaku by Moto Hagio won the Seiun Award for Best Comic of the Year. For a list manga released in 1982 see Category,1982 Manga, in music, the 33rd Kōhaku Uta Gassen was won by the Red Team. Hiromi Iwasaki won the Nippon Television Music Festival and the Japan Music Awards with her song Madonna tachi no lullaby, the Japan Record Award was won by Takashi Hosokawa with his song Kita Sakaba. The May edition of the Yamaha Popular Song Contest was won by Aming with their song Matsuwa, seiko Matsuda won the FNS Music Festival with Nobara no Etude. In television, for dramas initially broadcast in 1982 see, List of Japanese television dramas#1982, for more events see,1982 in Japanese television. At the 1982 Asian Games Japan ranked second in the number of medals with 57. In badminton, Hiroyuki Hasegawa won the Mens singles and Sumiko Kitada the Womens singles at the Japanese National Badminton Championships, in baseball, the Seibu Lions won the Japan Series 4-3 against the Chunichi Dragons. The MVP in the Central League was Takayoshi Nakao and in the Pacific League Hiromitsu Ochiai, at the Japanese High School Baseball Championship Ikeda won 12-2 against Hiroshima. In basketball, Japan hosted the ABC Championship for Women 1982 that was won by Korea, the All Japan Intercollegiate Basketball Championship was won by Nippon Sport Science. In chess, Hiroyuki Nishimura and Naoko Takemoto were the winners of the Japanese Chess Championship, in figure skating, the winners of the 1981–1982 Japan Figure Skating Championships were Fumio Igarashi, Mariko Yoshida and Noriko Sato and Tadayuki Takahashi in ice dancing. In football Japan hosted the 1982 Intercontinental Cup between C. A, Peñarol and Aston Villa F. C. Peñarol won 2-0. Mitsubishi Motors won the 1982 Japan Soccer League, Yamaha Motor Company won the Second Division of the Soccer League and was promoted to the First Division
2.
1981 in Japan
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Events in the year 1981 in Japan. October 10 - Ministry of Education issues jōyō kanji, october 16 - Gas explosions at a coal mine in Hokutan, Yūbari, Hokkaido kill 93. For a list of Japanese films released in 1981 see Japanese films of 1981, in manga, the winners of the Shogakukan Manga Award were Sunset on Third Street by Ryōhei Saigan, Dr. Slump by Akira Toriyama and Doraemon by Fujiko Fujio. Sanshirō of 1,2 by Makoto Kobayashi and Ohayō, spank by Shunichi Yukimuro and Shizue Takanashi won the Kodansha Manga Award. Kibun wa mou sensou by Katsuhiro Otomo won the Seiun Award for Best Comic of the Year, for a list of manga released in 1981 see Category,1981 manga. In music, the 32nd Kōhaku Uta Gassen was won by the White Team, Akira Terao won the FNS Music Festival. In television, see,1981 in Japanese television, in radio, Japan FM Network, Japans biggest FM radio network, was established in May 1981. In athletics, Japan hosted the 1981 Asian Athletics Championships where it ranked 1st with 18 gold medals, in football, Japan hosted the 1981 Intercontinental Cup. Fujita Engineering won the Japan Soccer League, for the champions of the regional leagues see,1981 Japanese Regional Leagues. In tennis, Japan hosted the Federation Cup, won by the United States
3.
1980 in Japan
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Events in the year 1980 in Japan. April 24 - Nintendo releases the first portable console, the Game&Watch. August 16 - A gas explosion occurs in the shopping area of Shizuoka Station. August 19 -1980 Shinjuku bus fire, according to official confirmed report,6 person fatalities with 15 were wounded, november 19 - A fire at the Kawaji Prince Hotel in Fujihara, Tochigi Prefecture kills 40. For a list of Japanese films released in 1980 see Japanese films of 1980, in manga, the winners of the Shogakukan Manga Award were Hakatakko Junjō and Gangaragan by Hōsei Hasegawa and Chie the Brat by Etsumi Haruki and Urusei Yatsura by Rumiko Takahashi. Susano Oh by Go Nagai and Lemon Report by Mayumi Yoshida won the Kodansha Manga Award, for a list of manga released in 1980 see Category,1980 manga. In music, the 31st Kōhaku Uta Gassen was won by the Red Team, hiroshi Itsuki won the FNS Music Festival. In television, see,1980 in Japanese television, Japan hosted the Miss International 1980 beauty pageant, won by Costa Rican Lorna Chávez. In football Yanmar Diesel won the Japan Soccer League, for the champions of the regional leagues see,1980 Japanese Regional Leagues. For more see,1980 in Japanese football, at the Winter Olympics Japan won a silver medal
4.
Japan
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Japan is a sovereign island nation in Eastern Asia. Located in the Pacific Ocean, it lies off the eastern coast of the Asia Mainland and stretches from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea, the kanji that make up Japans name mean sun origin. 日 can be read as ni and means sun while 本 can be read as hon, or pon, Japan is often referred to by the famous epithet Land of the Rising Sun in reference to its Japanese name. Japan is an archipelago consisting of about 6,852 islands. The four largest are Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu and Shikoku, the country is divided into 47 prefectures in eight regions. Hokkaido being the northernmost prefecture and Okinawa being the southernmost one, the population of 127 million is the worlds tenth largest. Japanese people make up 98. 5% of Japans total population, approximately 9.1 million people live in the city of Tokyo, the capital of Japan. Archaeological research indicates that Japan was inhabited as early as the Upper Paleolithic period, the first written mention of Japan is in Chinese history texts from the 1st century AD. Influence from other regions, mainly China, followed by periods of isolation, from the 12th century until 1868, Japan was ruled by successive feudal military shoguns who ruled in the name of the Emperor. Japan entered into a period of isolation in the early 17th century. The Second Sino-Japanese War of 1937 expanded into part of World War II in 1941, which came to an end in 1945 following the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Japan is a member of the UN, the OECD, the G7, the G8, the country has the worlds third-largest economy by nominal GDP and the worlds fourth-largest economy by purchasing power parity. It is also the worlds fourth-largest exporter and fourth-largest importer, although Japan has officially renounced its right to declare war, it maintains a modern military with the worlds eighth-largest military budget, used for self-defense and peacekeeping roles. Japan is a country with a very high standard of living. Its population enjoys the highest life expectancy and the third lowest infant mortality rate in the world, in ancient China, Japan was called Wo 倭. It was mentioned in the third century Chinese historical text Records of the Three Kingdoms in the section for the Wei kingdom, Wa became disliked because it has the connotation of the character 矮, meaning dwarf. The 倭 kanji has been replaced with the homophone Wa, meaning harmony, the Japanese word for Japan is 日本, which is pronounced Nippon or Nihon and literally means the origin of the sun. The earliest record of the name Nihon appears in the Chinese historical records of the Tang dynasty, at the start of the seventh century, a delegation from Japan introduced their country as Nihon
5.
1984 in Japan
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Events in the year 1984 in Japan. January 18 -83 are killed during an explosion at the Mitsui Miike coal mine in Ōmuta, for a list of Japanese films released in 1984 see Japanese films of 1984. X+Y by Moto Hagio won the Seiun Award for Best Comic of the Year, for a list of manga released in 1984 see Category,1984 manga. In music, the 35th Kōhaku Uta Gassen was won by the Red Team, hiroshi Itsuki won the 26th Japan Record Awards, held on December 31, and the FNS Music Festival. In television, see,1984 in Japanese television, Japan hosted the Miss International 1984 beauty pageant, won by Guatemalan Ilma Urrutia. At the 1984 Summer Olympics Japan ranked 7th with 10 gold medals, at the Winter Olympics Japan ranked 14th with one silver medal. In football, Japan hosted the 1984 Intercontinental Cup, yomiuri won the Japan Soccer League. For the champions of the regional leagues see,1984 Japanese Regional Leagues
6.
1985 in Japan
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Events in the year 1985 in Japan. March 17 – September 16 – Expo 85 held at Tsukuba, march 31 – A tugboat Kaiyo Maru capsized by rough sea off Kushikino, Kagoshima, Kyushu, which took 26 lives. May 17 – A gas explosion in Mitsubishi Yubari coal mine, in Yubari, Hokkaido, kill 62 people. June 23 –1985 Narita International Airport bombing July 26 – A massible landslide, following hit Shojusho elderly home in Nagano,19 persons rescued, august 12 – Japan Airlines Flight 123 crashes into Mount Takamagahara, killing all 15 crew members and 505 passengers. For the year in anime, see 1985 in anime, for a list of Japanese films released in 1985 see Japanese films of 1985. In manga, Bari Bari Densetsu by Shuichi Shigeno and Okashina Futari by Jūzō Yamasaki and Kei Sadayasu, the winners of the Shogakukan Manga Award were Bokkemon by Takashi Iwashige, Hatsukoi Scandal and Tobe. Jinrui II by Akira Oze, Zenryaku, Milk House by Yumiko Kawahara, appleseed by Masamune Shirow won the Seiun Award for Best Comic of the Year. For a list of released in 1982 see Category,1982 Manga. In music, the 36th Kōhaku Uta Gassen was won by the Red Team, masahiko Kondō won the Japan Music Awards and the Nippon Television Music Festival. Akina Nakamori won the 27th Japan Record Awards and the FNS Music Festival with the song Meu amor é, the May edition of the Yamaha Popular Song Contest was won by ROLL-BACK with the song You & Me Tonight. In television, for dramas initially broadcast in 1985 see, List of Japanese television dramas#1985, for more events see,1985 in Japanese television. Japan hosted the Miss International 1985 beauty pageant, won by Venezuelan Nina Sicilia, Japan hosted the 1985 Summer Universiade, where it came in 6th place in the medals table with 6 golds and a total of 16 medals. The Soviet Union won the most gold and the most total medals, in badminton, Japan hosted the 1985 World Badminton Grand Prix, won by Han Jian and Li Lingwei, both from China. In baseball, the Hanshin Tigers won the 1985 Japan Series against the Seibu Lions, the MVP in the Central League was Randy Bass and in the Pacific League Hiromitsu Ochiai. At the Japanese High School Baseball Championship PL Gakuen won 4-3 against Ube, in basketball, the All Japan Intercollegiate Basketball Championship was won by Nippon Sport Science. In figure skating, Japan hosted the 1985 World Figure Skating Championships, with the Soviet Union topping the table with the most gold. The winners of the 1984–1985 Japan Figure Skating Championships were Masaru Ogawa, Midori Ito and Noriko Sato, in football, Japan hosted the final of the 1985 Intercontinental Cup between Juventus F. C. and Argentinos Juniors, won by Juventus 4-2 on penalties. Furukawa Electric won the 1985–86 Japan Soccer League, nissan Motor Company won the Emperors Cup
7.
1986 in Japan
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Events in the year 1986 in Japan. 1986 was the first year of the Japanese asset price bubble, february 11, A hotel fire in Higashiizu, Shizuoka Prefecture, according to official confirmed report. March 23, Record snowfall in the Tokyo area leads to a collision on the Seibu Shinjuku Line. July 6, Simultaneous elections for both houses of the Diet, july 22, Third Nakasone cabinet announced. September 6, Takako Doi becomes president of the Japan Socialist Party, december 9, Beat Takeshi and his troupe are arrested for an attack on the editors of Friday magazine
8.
Emperor of Japan
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The Emperor of Japan is the head of the Imperial Family and is the ceremonial head of state of Japans system of constitutional monarchy. According to the 1947 constitution, he is the symbol of the State, in Japanese, the Emperor is called Tennō, which means heavenly sovereign. In English, the use of the term Mikado for the Emperor was once common, currently, the Emperor of Japan is the only remaining monarch in the world reigning under the title of Emperor. The Imperial House of Japan is the oldest continuing hereditary monarchy in the world, in the Kojiki and Nihon Shoki, it is said that Japan was founded in 660 BC by Emperor Jimmu. He acceded the Chrysanthemum Throne upon the death of his father, Emperor Shōwa, the role of the Emperor of Japan has historically alternated between a largely ceremonial symbolic role and that of an actual imperial ruler. Since the establishment of the first shogunate in 1192, the Emperors of Japan have rarely taken on a role as supreme battlefield commander, Japanese Emperors have nearly always been controlled by external political forces, to varying degrees. In fact, between 1192 and 1867, the shoguns, or their shikken regents in Kamakura, were the de facto rulers of Japan, although they were nominally appointed by the Emperor. After the Meiji Restoration in 1867, the Emperor was the embodiment of all power in the realm. His current status as a figurehead dates from the 1947 Constitution, since the mid-nineteenth century, the Imperial Palace has been called Kyūjō, later Kōkyo, and is located on the former site of Edo Castle in the heart of Tokyo. Earlier, Emperors resided in Kyoto for nearly eleven centuries, the Emperors Birthday is a national holiday. Unlike most constitutional monarchies, the Emperor is not the nominal Chief Executive, article 65 of the Constitution explicitly vests executive power in the Cabinet, of which the Prime Minister is the leader. The Emperor is also not the commander-in-chief of the Japan Self-Defense Forces, the Japan Self-Defense Forces Act of 1954 also explicitly vests this role with the Prime Minister. The Emperors powers are limited only to important ceremonial functions, article 4 of the Constitution stipulates that the Emperor shall perform only such acts in matters of state as are provided for in the Constitution and he shall not have powers related to government. It also stipulates that the advice and approval of the Cabinet shall be required for all acts of the Emperor in matters of state, article 4 also states that these duties can be delegated by the Emperor as provided for by law. Article 6 of the Constitution delegates the Emperor the following ceremonial roles, Appointment of the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court as designated by the Cabinet. Dissolution of the House of Representatives, proclamation of general election of members of the Diet. Attestation of the appointment and dismissal of Ministers of State and other officials as provided for by law, attestation of general and special amnesty, commutation of punishment, reprieve, and restoration of rights. Attestation of instruments of ratification and other documents as provided for by law
9.
Hirohito
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Emperor Shōwa was the 124th Emperor of Japan according to the traditional order of succession, reigning from December 25,1926, until his death on January 7,1989. He was succeeded by his eldest son, Akihito, upon his death, although better known outside Japan by his personal name Hirohito, in Japan, he is now referred to primarily by his posthumous name Emperor Shōwa. The word Shōwa is the name of the era that corresponded with the Emperors reign, the name Hirohito means abundant benevolence. He was the head of state under the Constitution of the Empire of Japan during Japans imperial expansion, militarization, born in Tokyos Aoyama Palace, Hirohito was the first son of Crown Prince Yoshihito and Crown Princess Sadako. He was the grandson of Emperor Meiji and Yanagihara Naruko and his childhood title was Prince Michi. At the age of 3, Hirohito and his brother Chichibu were returned to court when Kawamura died – first to the mansion in Numazu, Shizuoka. In 1908, he began studies at the Gakushūin. When his grandfather, Emperor Meiji, died on July 30,1912, Hirohitos father, Yoshihito, assumed the throne, in 1914, he was promoted to the ranks of lieutenant in the army and sub-lieutenant in the navy, then to captain and lieutenant in 1916. He was formally proclaimed Crown Prince and heir apparent on November 2,1916, Hirohito attended Gakushūin Peers School from 1908 to 1914 and then a special institute for the crown prince from 1914 to 1921. In 1920, Hirohito was promoted to the rank of Major in the army, in 1921, Hirohito took a six-month tour of Western Europe, including the United Kingdom, France, Italy, the Netherlands, and Belgium. After his return to Japan, he became Regent of Japan on November 29,1921, in 1923, he was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel in the army and Commander in the navy, and to army Colonel and Navy Captain in 1925. The Washington Naval Treaty was signed on February 6,1922, Japan withdrew troops from the Siberian Intervention on August 28,1922. The Great Kantō earthquake devastated Tokyo on September 1,1923, on December 27,1923, Daisuke Namba attempted to assassinate Hirohito in the Toranomon Incident but his attempt failed. During interrogation, he claimed to be a communist and was executed, the General Election Law was passed on May 5,1925, giving all men above age 25 the right to vote. Prince Hirohito married his distant cousin Princess Nagako Kuni, the eldest daughter of Prince Kuniyoshi Kuni and they had two sons and five daughters. On December 25,1926, Hirohito assumed the throne upon his father, Yoshihitos, the Crown Prince was said to have received the succession. The Taishō eras end and the Shōwa eras beginning were proclaimed, the deceased Emperor was posthumously renamed Emperor Taishō within days. Following Japanese custom, the new Emperor was never referred to by his name, but rather was referred to simply as His Majesty the Emperor
