The Women's time trial at the 2016 European Road Championships took place on 15 September. It was the first time that an elite time trial event for women was contested at the European Road Championships. The start of the time trial was in Josselin, with the finish at the top of the Côte de Cadoudal, in Plumelec; in total, the course was 25.4 km (15.8 mi) in length. The event also saw riders under the age of 23 take part, with separated rankings and the UEC European Champion jersey on offer to the fastest rider. In total, 52 riders contested the event.

The 2016 European Road Cycling Championships was the 22nd running of the European Road Cycling Championships, that took place over 14–18 September 2016 in Plumelec, France. The event consisted of a total of 5 road races and 5 time trials, regulated by the Union Européenne de Cyclisme (UEC). The 2016 championships were the first to be run with elite events for riders over 23 years of age, although the women's under-23 events were combined with the women's elite events.