Mayoral and municipal elections were held in San Jose, Costa Rica, on 7 February 2016 and were the method by which the citizens of the canton of San José elected the mayor, deputy mayors, syndics, aldermen and district councilors of the capital municipality. For the first time the elections of aldermen were joined by the other municipal authorities after the 2009 reform to the Municipal Code. This was the fourth time that the Josefinos chose the Mayor of San José. The winner was former presidential candidate Johnny Araya Monge with more than 40% of the votes, followed by Guido Granados of the National Liberation Party with 16% and the ex-deputy Jorge Eduardo Sánchez of the Social Christian Unity Party with 10%.

The Mayor of San José is the general administrator and legal representative of the Municipality of San José, the capital of the Republic of Costa Rica and the largest and most populated municipality in the country. The position officially exists since the municipal reform of 1998 as part of the bipartisan agreements of the Figueres-Calderón Pact. Before this the municipalities were administered by a figure similar to a general manager appointed by the Municipal Council and called Municipal Executive, but after the reform this figure disappears replaced by the popularly elected mayor.