1.
Shrine Auditorium
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The Shrine Auditorium is a landmark large-event venue in Los Angeles, California. It is also the headquarters of the Al Malaikah Temple, a division of the Shriners and it was designated a Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monument in 1975. Opened in 1926, the current Shrine Auditorium replaced an earlier 1906 Al Malaikah Temple which had destroyed by a fire on January 11,1920. The fire gutted the building in just 30 minutes. The new auditorium was designed in the Moorish Revival style by San Francisco-based theater architect G. Albert Lansburgh, with local architects John C. Austin, when built, the auditorium could hold 1,200 people on stage and seat an audience of 6,442. An engineer who consulted on the said that the steel truss supporting the balcony was the largest ever constructed. The entire complex follows a Moroccan architectural motif, the Shrine Auditorium seats approximately 6,300 people and has a stage 194 feet wide and 69 feet deep. The Auditorium features two boxes above the orchestra level holding 40 people each and seven loges on the balcony holding between 36 and 47 seats each, of the remaining seats,2,964 are on the orchestra level and 2,982 on the balcony level. The Shrine Auditorium has hosted a number of events, mainly for entertainment, the Academy Awards were held at the Shrine from 1947 to 1948 and eight times between 1988 and 2001 until it moved to the Dolby Theatre in Hollywood. The Shrine hosted several Grammy ceremonies until 2000 when the Grammys moved to the nearby Staples Center, the Primetime Emmy Awards were also held at the venue for a decade beginning in 1998. However, the Primetime ceremony moved to the nearby Microsoft Theater, for 33 years, the Shrine Auditorium was home to the University of Southern California Trojans basketball team. The Trojans home court was on the Shrines stage, the Los Angeles Lakers also briefly played some playoff games in the theatre, when the nearby Los Angeles Sports Arena was unavailable. The Shrine Circus, concerts, stage shows and other events are held here. The Shrine Auditorium was also the venue for the 55th Miss Universe beauty pageant, the 1933 movie King Kong filmed the audience in the Shrine Auditorium for the scenes where Kong was displayed manacled on stage. In 1953, segments of Judy Garlands movie classic A Star Is Born were filmed at the Shrine, in 1955, The Great Shrine Auditorium Concert took place, which is considered a major event in the histories of both American gospel and secular music. The event also featured a young Sam Cooke who was at the time performing with the gospel group The Soul Stirrers. Ray Charles recorded his landmark Live in Concert album at the Shrine in 1964, in the late 1960s, the Shrine was referred to as The Pinnacle by the audiences of rock concerts. On August 24,1968, The Grateful Dead performed there and recorded their show, on January 24,1975, Genesis, then led by singer Peter Gabriel, gave a live performance of the conceptual progressive rock show, The Lamb Lies Down on Broadway at the Shrine
2.
Los Angeles
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Los Angeles, officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L. A. is the cultural, financial, and commercial center of Southern California. With a census-estimated 2015 population of 3,971,883, it is the second-most populous city in the United States, Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated county in the United States. The citys inhabitants are referred to as Angelenos, historically home to the Chumash and Tongva, Los Angeles was claimed by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo for Spain in 1542 along with the rest of what would become Alta California. The city was founded on September 4,1781, by Spanish governor Felipe de Neve. It became a part of Mexico in 1821 following the Mexican War of Independence, in 1848, at the end of the Mexican–American War, Los Angeles and the rest of California were purchased as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, thereby becoming part of the United States. Los Angeles was incorporated as a municipality on April 4,1850, the discovery of oil in the 1890s brought rapid growth to the city. The completion of the Los Angeles Aqueduct in 1913, delivering water from Eastern California, nicknamed the City of Angels, Los Angeles is known for its Mediterranean climate, ethnic diversity, and sprawling metropolis. Los Angeles also has an economy in culture, media, fashion, science, sports, technology, education, medicine. A global city, it has been ranked 6th in the Global Cities Index, the city is home to renowned institutions covering a broad range of professional and cultural fields, and is one of the most substantial economic engines within the United States. The Los Angeles combined statistical area has a gross metropolitan product of $831 billion, making it the third-largest in the world, after the Greater Tokyo and New York metropolitan areas. The city has hosted the Summer Olympic Games in 1932 and 1984 and is bidding to host the 2024 Summer Olympics and thus become the second city after London to have hosted the Games three times. The Los Angeles area also hosted the 1994 FIFA mens World Cup final match as well as the 1999 FIFA womens World Cup final match, the mens event was watched on television by over 700 million people worldwide. The Los Angeles coastal area was first settled by the Tongva, a Gabrielino settlement in the area was called iyáangẚ, meaning poison oak place. Gaspar de Portolà and Franciscan missionary Juan Crespí, reached the present site of Los Angeles on August 2,1769, in 1771, Franciscan friar Junípero Serra directed the building of the Mission San Gabriel Arcángel, the first mission in the area. The Queen of the Angels is an honorific of the Virgin Mary, two-thirds of the settlers were mestizo or mulatto with a mixture of African, indigenous and European ancestry. The settlement remained a small town for decades, but by 1820. Today, the pueblo is commemorated in the district of Los Angeles Pueblo Plaza and Olvera Street. New Spain achieved its independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821, during Mexican rule, Governor Pío Pico made Los Angeles Alta Californias regional capital
3.
Chevy Chase
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Cornelius Crane Chevy Chase is an American actor, writer, comedian and producer. Born into a prominent New York family, he worked a plethora of jobs before moving into comedy. He immediately became a key cast member in the season of Saturday Night Live. He has hosted the Academy Awards twice and briefly had his own talk show. Chase was born in Lower Manhattan, New York, and was raised in Woodstock and his father, Edward Tinsley Ned Chase, was a prominent Manhattan book editor and magazine writer. His maternal grandmother, Cathalene, was a singer who performed several times at Carnegie Hall. Chase was named for his adoptive grandfather Cornelius, while the nickname Chevy was bestowed by his grandmother, as a descendant of the Scottish Clan Douglas, the name seemed appropriate to her. Chase is a 14th-generation New Yorker, and was listed in the Social Register at an early age, according to his brother John, once told me that people who defined themselves in terms of their ancestry were like potatoes – the best parts of them were underground. He disdained the pretension of my mothers side of the family, as embodied by her mother, as a child, Chase vacationed at Castle Hill, the Cranes summer estate in Ipswich, Massachusetts. Chases parents divorced when he was four, his father remarried into the Folgers coffee family and he has stated that he grew up in an upper middle class environment and that his adoptive maternal grandfather did not bequeath any assets to Chases mother when he died. In a 2007 biography, Chase stated that he was physically and psychologically abused as a child by his mother and stepfather, both his parents died in 2005. Chase attended Riverdale Country School before being expelled and he ultimately graduated from the Stockbridge School in Stockbridge, Massachusetts. He then attended Haverford College during the 1962–63 term, where he was noted for slapstick comedy, Chase transferred to Bard College in Annandale-on-Hudson, New York, where he studied a pre-med curriculum and graduated in 1967 with a BA in English. Chase did not enter medical school, which meant he would be subject to the military draft, Chase played drums with the college band The Leather Canary, headed by school friends Walter Becker and Donald Fagen. Chase has called the group a bad jazz band, Becker and he played drums and keyboards for a rock band called Chamaeleon Church, which recorded one album for MGM Records before disbanding in 1969. Chase was a member of an underground comedy ensemble called Channel One which he co-founded in 1967. He also wrote a spoof on Mission, Impossible for Mad Magazine in 1970 and was a writer for the short-lived Smothers Brothers TV show comeback in the spring of 1975. Chase made the move to comedy as a career by 1973, when he became a cast member of The National Lampoon Radio Hour
4.
The Last Emperor
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Independently produced by Jeremy Thomas, it was directed by Bertolucci and released in 1987 by Columbia Pictures. Puyis life is depicted from his ascent to the throne as a boy to his imprisonment. The film stars John Lone as Puyi, with Joan Chen, Peter OToole, Ruocheng Ying, Victor Wong, Dennis Dun, Ryuichi Sakamoto, Maggie Han, Ric Young, Vivian Wu, and Chen Kaige. It was the first occidental feature film for which the producers were authorized by the Peoples Republic of China to film in the Forbidden City in Beijing and it won nine Academy Awards, including Best Picture and Best Director. The film opens in 1950, five years after the capture of Puyi by the Red Army when the Soviet Union entered the Pacific War in 1945, in the recently established Peoples Republic of China, Puyi arrives as a political prisoner and war criminal at the Fushun Prison. Soon after his arrival, Puyi attempts suicide, but is quickly revived, throughout the film there is a series of flashbacks. 42 years earlier, in 1908, Puyi is summoned to the Forbidden City by the dying Empress Dowager Cixi, after telling him that the previous emperor had died earlier that day, with her last words, Cixi tells Puyi that he will be the next emperor. After his coronation, Puyi, frightened by his new surroundings, repeatedly expresses his wish to go home, which is denied him. Despite having scores of palace eunuchs and maids to wait on him, his real friend is his wet nurse. The final minutes of the shows a flash-forward to 1967 during the rise of Mao Zedongs cult of personality. By now, Puyi has become a gardener who lives a peasant proletarian existence. In the epilogue, Puyi later visits the Forbidden City as an ordinary tourist, there he meets an assertive little boy wearing the red scarf of the Pioneer Movement. The young Communist orders Puyi to step away from the throne, however, Puyi proves to the boy that he was indeed the Son of Heaven, proceeding to approach the throne. Behind it, Puyi finds a 60-year-old pet cricket that he was given by an elderly Mandarin on his coronation day, amazed by the gift, the boy turns to talk to Puyi, but the emperor has disappeared. The film ends with a flash-forward to 1987 where a guide is leading a group through the palace. Stopping in front of the throne, the guide sums up Puyis life in a few, brief sentences, the picture freeze-frames on the throne and the credits roll. Bernardo Bertolucci proposed the film to the Chinese government as one of two possible projects - the other was an adaptation of La Condition Humaine by André Malraux, the Chinese preferred The Last Emperor. Producer Jeremy Thomas managed to raise the $25 million budget for his ambitious independent production single-handedly, at one stage, he scoured the phone book for potential financiers
5.
American Broadcasting Company
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The network is headquartered on Columbus Avenue and West 66th Street in Manhattan, New York City. There are additional offices and production facilities elsewhere in New York City, as well as in Los Angeles and Burbank. Since 2007, when ABC Radio was sold to Citadel Broadcasting, ABC originally launched on October 12,1943, as a radio network, separated from and serving as the successor to the NBC Blue Network, which had been purchased by Edward J. Noble. It extended its operations to television in 1948, following in the footsteps of established broadcast networks CBS, in the mid-1950s, ABC merged with United Paramount Theatres, a chain of movie theaters that formerly operated as a subsidiary of Paramount Pictures. Leonard Goldenson, who had been the head of UPT, made the new television network profitable by helping develop, in 1996, most of Capital Cities/ABCs assets were purchased by The Walt Disney Company. The television network has eight owned-and-operated and over 232 affiliated television stations throughout the United States, most Canadians have access to at least one U. S. ABC News provides news and features content for radio stations owned by Citadel Broadcasting. In the 1930s, radio in the United States was dominated by three companies, the Columbia Broadcasting System, the Mutual Broadcasting System and the National Broadcasting Company. The last was owned by electronics manufacturer Radio Corporation of America, in 1938, the FCC began a series of investigations into the practices of radio networks and published its report on the broadcasting of network radio programs in 1940. The report recommended that RCA give up control of either NBC Red or NBC Blue, at that time, the NBC Red Network was the principal radio network in the United States and, according to the FCC, RCA was using NBC Blue to eliminate any hint of competition. Once Mutuals appeals against the FCC were rejected, RCA decided to sell NBC Blue in 1941, the newly separated NBC Red and NBC Blue divided their respective corporate assets. Investment firm Dillon, Read & Co. offered $7.5 million to purchase the network, Edward John Noble, the owner of Life Savers candy, drugstore chain Rexall and New York City radio station WMCA, purchased the network for $8 million. Due to FCC ownership rules, the transaction, which was to include the purchase of three RCA stations by Noble, would require him to resell his station with the FCCs approval, the Commission authorized the transaction on October 12,1943. Soon afterward, the Blue Network was purchased by the new company Noble founded, Noble subsequently acquired the rights to the American Broadcasting Company name from George B. Meanwhile, in August 1944, the West Coast division of the Blue Network, both stations were then managed by Don Searle, the vice-president of the Blue Networks West Coast division. The ABC Radio Network created its audience slowly, the network also became known for such suspenseful dramas as Sherlock Holmes, Gang Busters and Counterspy, as well as several mid-afternoon youth-oriented programs. S. From Nazi Germany after its conquest, to pre-record its programming, while its radio network was undergoing reconstruction, ABC found it difficult to avoid falling behind on the new medium of television. To ensure a space, in 1947, ABC submitted five applications for television station licenses, the ABC television network made its debut on April 19,1948, with WFIL-TV in Philadelphia becoming its first primary affiliate
6.
59th Academy Awards
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During the ceremony, AMPAS presented Academy Awards in 23 categories honoring films released in 1986. The ceremony, televised in the United States by ABC, was produced by Samuel Goldwyn, Jr. actors Chevy Chase, Paul Hogan, and Goldie Hawn co-hosted the show. Hawn hosted the gala for the time, having previously been a co-host of the 48th ceremony held in 1976. Meanwhile, this was Chase and Hogans first Oscars hosting stint, eight days earlier, in a ceremony held at The Beverly Hilton in Beverly Hills, California on March 22, the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Catherine Hicks. Platoon won four awards including Best Picture, platoon and A Room with a View led all nominees with eight each. The winners were announced during the ceremony on March 30,1987. Marlee Matlin was the first deaf performer to win an Oscar, artie Shaw, Time Is All Youve Got and Down and Out in Americas joint win in the Best Documentary Feature category marked the fourth occurrence of a tie in Oscar history. Winners are listed first, highlighted in boldface and indicated with a double dagger, ralph Bellamy Steven Spielberg The following individuals presented awards or performed musical numbers. Determined to revive interest surrounding the awards and reverse declining ratings, actor Robin Williams was initially named a co-host, but he was forced to withdraw from emceeing duties due to his commitment toward his role in the upcoming film Good Morning, Vietnam. One of the biggest priorities for Goldwyn was to shorten the length of the show to at least three hours or less, in view of his goal, he told reporters regarding winners acceptance speeches, We are actually going to give them 45 seconds. The light will start blinking at 45 seconds and go red at 55 seconds, after one minute we will either cut to a commercial or go to something else. Weve also asked multiple winners to flip a coin and pick a spokesman, although Goldwyn attempted to move the Documentary and Short Film Categories to a separate ceremony from the broadcast, the AMPAS Board of Governors refused to do so. Several other people were involved with the production of the ceremony, oscar-winning costume designer Theoni V. Aldredge was hired as fashion consultant for the awards ceremony and supervised a fashion show segment showcasing the five nominees for Best Costume Design. Lionel Newman served as director and conductor for the ceremony. Actors Dom DeLuise, Pat Morita, and Telly Savalas performed the song Fugue for Tinhorns from the musical Guys and Dolls at the start of the ceremony. At the time of the announcement on February 11, the combined gross of the five Best Picture nominees at the US box office was $119 million with an average of $23.9 million. Platoon was the highest earner among the Best Picture nominees with $39.3 million in the box office receipts. The film was followed by Hannah and Her Sisters, Children of a Lesser God, A Room with a View, of the 50 grossing movies of the year,55 nominations went to 18 films on the list
7.
Academy Awards
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The various category winners are awarded a copy of a golden statuette, officially called the Academy Award of Merit, which has become commonly known by its nickname Oscar. The awards, first presented in 1929 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel, are overseen by AMPAS, the awards ceremony was first broadcast on radio in 1930 and televised for the first time in 1953. It is now live in more than 200 countries and can be streamed live online. The Academy Awards ceremony is the oldest worldwide entertainment awards ceremony and its equivalents – the Emmy Awards for television, the Tony Awards for theater, and the Grammy Awards for music and recording – are modeled after the Academy Awards. The 89th Academy Awards ceremony, honoring the best films of 2016, were held on February 26,2017, at the Dolby Theatre, in Los Angeles, the ceremony was hosted by Jimmy Kimmel and was broadcast on ABC. A total of 3,048 Oscars have been awarded from the inception of the award through the 88th, the first Academy Awards presentation was held on May 16,1929, at a private dinner function at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel with an audience of about 270 people. The post-awards party was held at the Mayfair Hotel, the cost of guest tickets for that nights ceremony was $5. Fifteen statuettes were awarded, honoring artists, directors and other participants in the industry of the time. The ceremony ran for 15 minutes, winners were announced to media three months earlier, however, that was changed for the second ceremony in 1930. Since then, for the rest of the first decade, the results were given to newspapers for publication at 11,00 pm on the night of the awards. The first Best Actor awarded was Emil Jannings, for his performances in The Last Command and he had to return to Europe before the ceremony, so the Academy agreed to give him the prize earlier, this made him the first Academy Award winner in history. With the fourth ceremony, however, the system changed, for the first six ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned two calendar years. At the 29th ceremony, held on March 27,1957, until then, foreign-language films had been honored with the Special Achievement Award. The 74th Academy Awards, held in 2002, presented the first Academy Award for Best Animated Feature, since 1973, all Academy Awards ceremonies always end with the Academy Award for Best Picture. The Academy also awards Nicholl Fellowships in Screenwriting, see also § Awards of Merit categories The best known award is the Academy Award of Merit, more popularly known as the Oscar statuette. The five spokes represent the branches of the Academy, Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers. The model for the statuette is said to be Mexican actor Emilio El Indio Fernández, sculptor George Stanley sculpted Cedric Gibbons design. The statuettes presented at the ceremonies were gold-plated solid bronze
8.
61st Academy Awards
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During the ceremony, AMPAS presented Academy Awards in 23 categories. The ceremony, televised in the United States by ABC, was produced by Allan Carr, ten days earlier, in a ceremony held at the Beverly Hills Hotel in Beverly Hills, California, the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Angie Dickinson. Rain Man won four awards, including Best Actor for Dustin Hoffman, Best Director for Barry Levinson, the telecast garnered almost 43 million viewers in the United States. The nominees for the 61st Academy Awards were announced on February 15,1989, PST, at the Samuel Goldwyn Theater in Beverly Hills, California, by Richard Kahn, president of the Academy, and the actress Anne Archer. Rain Man led all nominees, with eight nominations, Dangerous Liaisons, the winners were announced at the award ceremony on March 29,1989. Best Actor winner Dustin Hoffman was the person to win the aforementioned category twice. Sigourney Weaver became the performer to receive two acting nominations in the same year. However, she became the first to lose both nominations. Winners are listed first, highlighted in boldface and indicated with double dagger. At the time of the announcement on February 15, the combined gross of the five Best Picture nominees at the US box office was $188 million. Rain Man was the highest earner among the Best Picture nominees, the film was followed by Working Girl, The Accidental Tourist, Mississippi Burning, and finally Dangerous Liaisons. Of the top 50 grossing movies of the year,52 nominations went to 13 films, the other top 50 box office hits that earned nominations were Who Framed Roger Rabbit, Coming to America, Die Hard, Beetlejuice, and Willow. National Film Board of Canada Eastman Kodak Company Richard Williams For the animation direction of Who Framed Roger Rabbit, the following individuals, listed in order of appearance, presented awards or performed musical numbers. In interviews with media outlets, he expressed that it was a dream come true to produce the Oscars. Notable changes were introduced in the production of the telecast, for the first time, presenters announced each winner with the phrase And the Oscar goes to. Rather than And the winner is, instead of hiring a host for the proceedings, Carr heavily relied on presenters often grouped in pairs that had some connection, either through family or the film industry. Several other people were involved in the production of the ceremony, Jeff Margolis served as director of the telecast. Lyricist and composer Marvin Hamlisch was hired as musical supervisor of the festivities, comedian and writer Bruce Vilanch was hired as a writer for the broadcast, a role he has had ever since
9.
Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
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The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences is a professional honorary organization with the stated goal of advancing the arts and sciences of motion pictures. The Academys corporate management and general policies are overseen by a Board of Governors, the roster of the Academys approximately 6,000 motion picture professionals is a closely guarded secret. While the great majority of its members are based in the United States, the Academy is known around the world for its annual Academy Awards, now officially known as The Oscars. The Academy plans to open the Academy Museum of Motion Pictures in Los Angeles in 2017, the notion of the Academy of Motion Pictures Arts and Sciences began with Louis B. He said he wanted to create an organization that would mediate labor disputes without unions and he met with actor Conrad Nagel, director Fred Niblo, and the head of the Association of Motion Picture Producers, Fred Beetsonto to discuss these matters. The idea of this elite club having a banquet was discussed. They also established that membership into the organization would only be open to people involved in one of the five branches of the industry, actors, directors, writers, technicians, and producers. That evening Mayer presented to those guests what he called the International Academy of Motion Picture Arts, everyone in the room that evening became a founder of the Academy. Several organizational meetings were held prior to the first official meeting held on May 6,1927 and their first organizational meeting was held on May 11. At that meeting Douglas Fairbanks, Sr. was elected as the first president of the Academy, while Fred Niblo was the first vice-president and that night, the Academy also bestowed its first honorary membership, to Thomas Edison. Initially, the Academy was broken down into five groups, or branches. The original five were, Producers, Actors, Directors, Writers, the initial concerns of the group had to do with labor. However, as went on, the organization moved further away from involvement in labor-management arbitrations and negotiations. By July 1928 the board of directors had approved a list of 12 awards to be presented, during July the voting system for the Awards was established, and the nomination and selection process began. This award of merit for distinctive achievement is what we know now as the Academy Award, the initial location of the organization was 6912 Hollywood Boulevard. In May 1928, the Academy authorized the construction of a state of the art screening room, the screening room was not completed until April 1929. With the publication of Report on Incandescent Illumination in 1928, the Academy began a history of publishing books to assist its members. Another early initiative concerned training Army Signal Corps officers, in 1929 Academy members in a joint venture with the University of Southern California created Americas first film school to further the art and science of moving pictures
10.
Pacific Time Zone
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The Pacific Time Zone observes standard time by subtracting eight hours from Coordinated Universal Time. During daylight saving time, its time offset is UTC−7 and is based on the mean solar time of the 105th meridian west of the Greenwich Observatory. In the United States and Canada, this zone is generically called the Pacific Time Zone. Specifically, it uses Pacific Standard Time when observing standard time, most of Canada uses daylight saving time. In Mexico, the UTC−8 time zone is known as the Northwest Zone, the largest city in the Pacific Time Zone is Los Angeles, the citys metropolitan area is the largest in the zone. The following states or areas are part of the Pacific Time Zone, California Washington Oregon – all, except for most of Malheur County, nevada Idaho Panhandle – the northern half of Idaho, north of the Salmon River. The town of Hyder, Alaska, is officially in the Alaska Time Zone, however, most of the town observes the Pacific Time because of strong connections with nearby Stewart, British Columbia, which is in the Pacific Time Zone. The United States Post Office in Hyder strictly adheres to Alaska Time, in Canada, the Pacific Time Zone includes most of British Columbia, all of Yukon, and the townsite of Tungsten. In Mexico, the state of Baja California lies completely within the Pacific Time Zone and this does not include the state of Baja California Sur, which is south of Baja California. Through 2006, the time changed to daylight time at 02,00 LST to 03,00 LDT on the first Sunday in April. The Canadian provinces and territories that use daylight time each adopted these dates between October 2005 and February 2007, in Mexico, beginning in 2010, the portion of the country in this time zone uses the extended dates, as do some other parts. The vast majority of Mexico, however, still uses the old dates
11.
Eastern Time Zone
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Places that use Eastern Standard Time when observing standard time are 5 hours behind Coordinated Universal Time. Eastern Daylight Time, when observing daylight saving time DST is 4 hours behind Coordinated Universal Time, in the northern parts of the time zone, on the second Sunday in March, at 2,00 a. m. EST, clocks are advanced to 3,00 a. m. EDT leaving a one-hour gap, on the first Sunday in November, at 2,00 a. m. EDT, clocks are moved back to 1,00 a. m, southern parts of the zone do not observe daylight saving time. The Uniform Time Act of 1966 ruled that daylight saving time would run from the last Sunday of April until the last Sunday in October in the United States, the act was amended to make the first Sunday in April the beginning of daylight saving time as of 1987. The Energy Policy Act of 2005 extended daylight saving time in the United States beginning in 2007. So local times change at 2,00 a. m. EST to 3,00 a. m. EDT on the second Sunday in March, in Canada, the time changes as it does in the United States. However, a handful of communities unofficially observe Eastern Time because they are part of the Columbus, Georgia metropolitan area – Phenix City, Smiths Station, Lanett, and Valley. Florida, All of Florida is in the Eastern Time zone except for the portion of the Florida Panhandle west of the Apalachicola River, as the Eastern–Central zone boundary approaches the Gulf of Mexico, it follows the Bay/Gulf county line. Indiana, All of Indiana observes Eastern Time except for six counties in the Chicago metropolitan area. Kentucky, Roughly, the half of the state, including all of metropolitan Louisville, is in the Eastern Time Zone. Historically the entire state observed Central Time, when daylight saving time was first introduced, the Lower Peninsula remained on DST after it formally ended, effectively re-aligning itself into the Eastern Time Zone. The Upper Peninsula continued to observe Central Time until 1972, when all, Tennessee, Most of the eastern third of Tennessee is legally on Eastern Time. Eastern Time is also used somewhat as a de facto official time for all of the United States, since it includes the capital and the largest city. Major professional sports leagues also post all game times in Eastern time, for example, a game time between two teams from Pacific Time Zone will still be posted in Eastern time. Most cable television and national broadcast networks advertise airing times in Eastern time, national broadcast networks generally have two primary feeds, an eastern feed for Eastern and Central time zones, and a tape-delayed western feed for the Pacific Time Zone. The prime time is set on Eastern and Pacific at 8,00 p. m. with the Central time zone stations receiving the eastern feed at 7,00 p. m. local time. Mountain Time Zone stations receive a separate feed at 7,00 p. m. local time, as Arizona does not observe daylight saving time, during the summer months, it has its own feed at 7,00 p. m. local time
12.
The Beverly Hilton
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The Beverly Hilton is a hotel located on an 8. 9-acre property at the intersection of Wilshire and Santa Monica boulevards in Beverly Hills, California. Conrad Hilton opened the Beverly Hilton in 1955, architect Welton Becket designed the hotel as a showpiece with 582 rooms. Since 1961, the hotels International Ballroom has hosted the Golden Globe Award ceremony, in 1975, 50% of the property was sold to Prudential Insurance Company forming a partnership with the Hilton Hotels Corporation. The partnership sold the hotel to entertainer and businessman Merv Griffin for $100.2 million in December 1987, the Beverly Hilton had completed a $35 million renovation prior to Griffins purchase. Griffin owned the hotel from 1987 to 2003, during which time its reputation faded as maintenance was deferred, in 2003, Griffin sold the Beverly Hilton for $130 million to Beny Alagem, co-founder of Packard Bell Electronics, through his company Oasis West Realty. Commemorating its 50th anniversary, an ambitious $80 million renovation by architecture firm Gensler began in conjunction with Hilton Hotels, the renovation reduced the number of rooms to 570, which feature 42-inch plasma high-definition televisions and Bose Wave radios. The meeting spaces and the International Ballroom—where the Golden Globes ceremony is also renovated. On February 11,2012, singer Whitney Houston died in her bathtub in Suite 434, Hotel management has since renovated the room. In April 2006, owners unveiled plans for an expansion to the Beverly Hilton property. One intent of the plan was to position the upgraded hotel as a less-expensive 4½-star alternative to nearby five-star rivals such as the Peninsula. Two new three-story buildings on Wilshire Boulevard would house 96 guest rooms, the Beverly Hilton will be renovated into a smaller, 402-room hotel, renamed the Beverly Hilton Oasis. A 120-room Waldorf-Astoria Beverly Hills hotel, designed by Gensler with interiors by Pierre-Yves Rochon, the Waldorf-Astoria Beverly Hills will be the first new hotel for the brand on the West Coast. The Beverly Hilton and the Waldorf-Astoria would be separate premises, with both operated and managed by Hilton Hotels Corporation, the Beverly Hills City Council approved the $500 million project by a 3-2 vote. Measure H authorized the Beverly Hills City Council to amend the citys plan to allow a luxury hotel, condominiums. On December 2,2008, Proposal H passed by 129 votes with over 15,000 cast, the 12-story, 170-room Waldorf Astoria Beverly Hills was designed by architecture firm Gensler with interior designer by Pierre-Yves Rochon. Waldorf Astoria Beverly Hills is slated to open in 2017, measure HH was a November 2016 ballot initiative to allow Oasis West Realty to build a 37-story condominium tower on the Beverly Hilton site. The initiative was rejected by Beverly Hills voters, with nearly 56% voting no, presidential candidate and Senator John Edwards was videotaped visiting Rielle Hunter, during his extramarital affair scandal. American singer and actress Whitney Houston died at the hotel on February 11,2012 after accidentally drowning while in the bathtub of her room, Hilton Worldwide The Beverly Hilton website
13.
Beverly Hills, California
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Beverly Hills is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States, surrounded by the cities of Los Angeles and West Hollywood. By 2013, its population had grown to 34,658, sometimes referred to as 90210, one of its primary ZIP codes, it was home to many actors and celebrities throughout the 20th century. The city includes the Rodeo Drive shopping district and the Beverly Hills Oil Field, gaspar de Portolá arrived in the area that would later become Beverly Hills on August 3,1769, travelling along native trails which followed the present-day route of Wilshire Boulevard. The area was settled by Maria Rita Quinteros de Valdez and her husband in 1828 and they called their 4,500 acres of property the Rancho Rodeo de las Aguas. in 1854, she sold the ranch to Benjamin Davis Wilson and Henry Hancock. By the 1880s, the ranch had been subdivided into parcels of 75 acres and was being bought up by anglos from Los Angeles. Henry Hammel and Andrew H. Denker acquired most of it, at this point, the area was known as the Hammel and Denker Ranch. By 1888, Denker and Hammel were planning to build a town called Morocco on their holdings and they did not find enough to exploit commercially by the standards of the time, though. In 1906, therefore, they reorganized as the Rodeo Land and Water Company, renamed the property Beverly Hills, subdivided it, the development was named Beverly Hills after Beverly Farms in Beverly, Massachusetts and because of the hills in the area. The first house in the subdivision was built in 1907, although sales remained slow, Beverly Hills was one of many all-white planned communities started in the Los Angeles area around this time. Restrictive covenants prohibited non-whites from owning or renting property unless they were employed as servants by white residents and it was also forbidden to sell or rent property to Jews in Beverly Hills. Burton Green began construction on The Beverly Hills Hotel in 1911, the hotel was finished in 1912. The visitors drawn by the hotel were inclined to purchase land in Beverly Hills and that same year, the Rodeo Land and Water Company decided to separate its water business from its real estate business. The Beverly Hills Utility Commission was split off from the company and incorporated in September 1914, buying all of the utilities-related assets from the Rodeo Land. In 1919, Douglas Fairbanks and Mary Pickford bought land on Summit Drive and built a mansion, finished in 1921, the glamor associated with Fairbanks and Pickford as well as other movie stars who built mansions in the city contributed to its growing appeal. By the early 1920s the population of Beverly Hills had grown enough to make the water supply a political issue, in 1923 the usual solution, annexation to the city of Los Angeles, was proposed. There was considerable opposition to annexation among such famous residents as Pickford, Fairbanks, Will Rogers, the Beverly Hills Utility Commission, opposed to annexation as well, managed to force the city into a special election and the plan was defeated 337 to 507. In 1925, Beverly Hills approved an issue to buy 385 acres for a new campus for UCLA. The cities of Los Angeles, Santa Monica and Venice also issued bonds to pay for the new campus
14.
Shirley Jones
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Shirley Mae Jones is an American singer and actress of stage, film and television. In her six decades of business, she has starred as wholesome characters in a number of well-known musical films. She won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for playing a prostitute in Elmer Gantry. Jones was born on March 31,1934, in Charleroi, Pennsylvania, to Methodist parents Marjorie, a homemaker, Jones paternal grandfather came from Wales. She was named for child star Shirley Temple, the family later moved to the small nearby town of Smithton, Pennsylvania. Jones began singing at the age of six in the Methodist Church choir, upon attending South Huntingdon High School in Ruffs Dale, Pennsylvania, she participated in school plays. Afterwards, she joined her father for a show at the Pittsburgh Playhouse. Jones won the Miss Pittsburgh contest in 1952 and she had only $100 in her pocket. Her first audition was for an open casting call held by John Fearnley, casting director for Rodgers and Hammerstein. At the time, Jones had never heard of Rodgers and Hammerstein, Fearnley was so impressed, he ran across the street to fetch Richard Rodgers, who was rehearsing with an orchestra for an upcoming musical. Rodgers then called Oscar Hammerstein at home, the two saw great potential in Jones. She became the first and only singer to be put under contract with the songwriters. They first cast her in a role in South Pacific. For her second Broadway show, Me and Juliet, she started as a chorus girl, Jones impressed Rodgers and Hammerstein with her musically trained voice, and she was cast as the female lead in the film adaptation of their hit musical Oklahoma. Other film musicals quickly followed, including Carousel, April Love, however, she won a 1960 Academy Award for her performance in Elmer Gantry portraying a woman corrupted by the title character played by Burt Lancaster. Her character becomes a prostitute who encounters her seducer years later, the director, Richard Brooks, had originally fought against her being in the movie, but after seeing her first scene, told her she would win an Oscar for her performance. She was reunited with Ron Howard in The Courtship of Eddies Father, Jones landed the role of a lady who fell in love with the professor in Fluffy. She also has an impressive stage résumé, including playing the character in the Broadway musical Maggie Flynn in 1968
15.
Academy Award for Best Director
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The Academy Award for Best Director is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of a director who has exhibited outstanding directing while working in the film industry. However, these categories were merged for all subsequent ceremonies, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the directors branch of AMPAS, winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the Academy. For the first eleven years of the Academy Awards, directors were allowed to be nominated for multiple films in the same year, the Academy Awards for Best Director and Best Picture have been very closely linked throughout their history. Of the 89 films that have been awarded Best Picture,63 have also been awarded Best Director, since its inception, the award has been given to 69 directors or directing teams. John Ford has received the most awards in this category with four, william Wyler was nominated on twelve occasions, more than any other individual. As of the 2017 ceremony, Damien Chazelle is the most recent winner in category for his work on La La Land. Chazelle also became the youngest director in history to receive this award, two directing teams have shared the award, Robert Wise and Jerome Robbins for West Side Story in 1961 and Joel and Ethan Coen for No Country for Old Men in 2007. The Coen brothers are the siblings to have won the award. For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months from August 1 to July 31, for the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1,1932 to December 31,1933. Since the 7th ceremony held in 1935, the period of eligibility became the full calendar year from January 1 to December 31. org The Academy Awards Database Oscar. com
16.
Bernardo Bertolucci
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Bernardo Bertolucci is an Italian director and screenwriter, whose films include The Conformist, Last Tango in Paris,1900, The Last Emperor, The Sheltering Sky, Stealing Beauty and The Dreamers. In recognition of his work, he was presented with the inaugural Honorary Palme dOr Award at the ceremony of the 2011 Cannes Film Festival. Since 1979, he has married to screenwriter Clare Peploe. Bertolucci was born in the Italian city of Parma, in the region of Emilia-Romagna and he is the elder son of Ninetta, a teacher, and Attilio Bertolucci, who was a poet, a reputed art historian, anthologist and film critic. His mother was born in Australia, to an Italian father, Bertolucci had one brother, the theatre director and playwright Giuseppe. His cousin was the film producer Giovanni Bertolucci, with whom he has worked on a number of films, Bertolucci initially wished to become a poet like his father. With this goal in mind, he attended the Faculty of Modern Literature of the University of Rome from 1958 to 1961, shortly after, Bertolucci left the University without graduating. In 1962, at the age of 22, he directed his first feature film, produced by Tonino Cervi with a screenplay by Pasolini, the film is a murder mystery, following a prostitutes homicide. Bertolucci uses flashbacks to piece together the crime and the person who committed it, the film which shortly followed was his acclaimed Before the Revolution. Bertolucci caused controversy in 1972 with the film Last Tango in Paris, starring Marlon Brando, Maria Schneider, Jean-Pierre Léaud and Massimo Girotti. The film presents Brandos character, Paul, as he uses an affair to cope with the violent death of his wife by emotionally and physically dominating a young woman. The depictions of Schneider, then 19 years old, were regarded as exploitative, in one scene, Paul anally rapes Jeane using butter as a lubricant. The use of butter was not in the script, Bertolucci and Brando had discussed it and she said in 2007 that she had cried real tears during the scene and had felt humiliated and a little raped. In 2013 Bertolucci said he had withheld the information from her to generate a reaction of frustration. Brando alleged that Bertolucci had wanted the characters to have real sex, because of the scandal surrounding the films release, Schneider became a drug addict and suicidal. She later became a rights advocate, in particular fighting for more female film directors, more respect for female actors. Criminal proceedings were brought against Bertolucci in Italy for the anal-sex scene, an Italian court revoked Bertoluccis civil rights for five years and gave him a four-month suspended prison sentence. Bertolucci appeared on the Radio Four programme Front Row on April 29,2013, during the making of Last Tango in Paris, Bertolucci toyed with the idea of adapting Dashiell Hammetts book Red Harvest into a feature film
17.
Moonstruck
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Moonstruck is a 1987 American romantic comedy film directed by Norman Jewison and written by John Patrick Shanley. It is about a widowed 37-year-old Italian-American woman who falls in love with her fiancés estranged, hot-tempered younger brother, vincent Gardenia and Olympia Dukakis play supporting roles. The film was released on December 16,1987 in New York City, receiving largely positive reviews from critics, it went on to gross $91.6 million at the North American box office, making it the fifth highest-grossing film of that year. Moonstruck was nominated for six Oscars at the 60th Academy Awards, winning for Best Original Screenplay, Best Actress, Johnny asks Loretta to invite his estranged younger brother Ronny to the wedding. Loretta returns home and informs her parents of the engagement, the next day, Loretta goes to see Ronny at his bakery. Ronny reacts furiously and passionately, kissing Loretta and then carrying her to his bed where they make love, at the same time, Cosmo is dining with his mistress Mona and giving her jewelry. That evening, Roses brother Raymond and his wife Rita join Rose and Cosmo for dinner, and they all wonder where Loretta is. Raymond recalls that when he was a boy and Cosmo was courting Rose and that night, Loretta remains at Ronnys apartment and sees such a moon, Raymond sees it as well, and it leads him and Rita to make love. The next morning, Loretta tells Ronny they can never see each other again and she slaps him when he claims to be in love with her and he agrees to never see her again if she will attend the opera with him that night. She then goes to church and confesses her infidelity and she unexpectedly sees her mother there, and Rose tells her that Cosmo is having an affair, Loretta is doubtful. Loretta then goes to Raymond and Ritas store to close out the register, after which she impulsively goes to the hair salon. Loretta and Ronny meet at Lincoln Center, and each is impressed with the others appearance, Loretta is deeply moved by her first opera, Puccinis La bohème. But as they leave, Loretta sees Cosmo and Mona, and he sees that she is with Ronny, and he suggests that they simply agree that they didnt see each other at all, but Loretta is conflicted. Loretta then intends to return alone, but Ronny leads her back to his apartment where he passionately and desperately persuades her into another tryst. Rose invites Perry to dine with her, asks him why men pursue women, Perry walks Rose home and tries to convince her to invite him in, she refuses because Im married. Later, Johnny unexpectedly returns from Sicily after his mothers recovery and goes to Lorettas house, Rose explains that shes not there. He tells her it may be because they fear death, with which Rose agrees, after this exchange he leaves, planning to return in the morning to see Loretta. In the morning, Loretta returns home in a reverie but is distressed to learn from Rose that Johnny will be there soon
18.
Cher
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Cher is an American singer and actress. Commonly referred to as the Goddess of Pop, she is described as embodying female autonomy in a male-dominated industry. Cher gained popularity in 1965 as one-half of the folk rock husband-wife duo Sonny & Cher after their song I Got You Babe reached number one on the American and she began her solo career simultaneously, releasing in 1966 her first million-seller song, Bang Bang. She became a personality in the 1970s with her shows The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour, watched by over 30 million viewers weekly during its three-year run. She emerged as a trendsetter by wearing elaborate outfits on her television shows. While working on television, she established herself as a solo artist with the U. S. Billboard Hot 100 chart-topping singles Gypsys, Tramps & Thieves, Half-Breed, and Dark Lady. After her divorce from Sonny Bono in 1975, Cher launched a comeback in 1979 with the disco-oriented album Take Me Home and earned $300,000 a week for her 1980–82 residency show in Las Vegas. In 1982, Cher made her Broadway debut in the play Come Back to the Five and Dime, Jimmy Dean, Jimmy Dean and starred in the film adaptation of the same title. She subsequently earned critical acclaim for her performances in such as Silkwood, Mask. She then revived her career by recording the rock-inflected albums Cher, Heart of Stone. She reached a new peak in 1998 with the album Believe. It also features the use of Auto-Tune, also known as the Cher effect. Her 2002–2005 Living Proof, The Farewell Tour became one of the concert tours of all time. In 2008, she signed a $180 million deal to headline the Colosseum at Caesars Palace in Las Vegas for three years, after seven years of absence, she returned to film in the 2010 musical Burlesque. Chers first studio album in 12 years, Closer to the Truth, Cher has won a Grammy Award, an Emmy Award, an Academy Award, three Golden Globe Awards, a Cannes Film Festival Award, and a special CFDA Fashion Award, among several other honors. Throughout her career, she has sold 100 million records worldwide and she is the only artist to date to have a number-one single on a Billboard chart in each decade from the 1960s to the 2010s. Outside of her music and acting, she is noted for her views, philanthropic endeavors and social activism, including LGBT rights. Cher was born Cherilyn Sarkisian in El Centro, California, on May 20,1946, Chers father was rarely home when she was an infant, and her parents divorced when Cher was ten months old
19.
Olympia Dukakis
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Olympia Dukakis is an American actress. She started her career in theater, and won an Obie Award for Best Actress in 1963 for her Off-Broadway performance in Bertolt Brechts Man Equals Man. She later transitioned to acting and in 1987 she won an Academy Award, a Golden Globe. She received another Golden Globe nomination for Sinatra, and an Emmy Award nominations for Lucky Day, More Tales of the City, Dukakis was born in Lowell, Massachusetts, the daughter of Alexandra and Constantine S. Dukakis. Her parents were Greek immigrants, her father originally from Anatolia and she is an alumna of Arlington High School in Arlington, Massachusetts, and was educated at Boston University. Dukakis has held a career in a number of films, including Steel Magnolias, Mr. Hollands Opus, the Thing About My Folks, and Moonstruck, for which she won an Oscar for Best Supporting Actress. She appears as Dolly Sinatra in the mini-series of Frank Sinatras life and her Broadway theatre credits include Whos Who in Hell, Social Security, and the one-woman play Rose. Her theater, film, and television work has won her an Obie Award, a Drama Desk Award, a Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle Award. Dukakis won Academy Award and a Golden Globe for Moonstruck and was nominated for the Canadian Academy Award for The Event and she provided the voice of Grandpas love interest for The Simpsons episode The Old Man and the Key. In 2003, Dukakis published her national bestselling autobiography Ask Me Again Tomorrow and she recently directed the world premiere production of Todd Logans Botanic Garden at Victory Gardens Theatre in Chicago, Illinois. In the 2008 season of Hartford Stage, Dukakis starred in the revival of Tennessee Williams The Milk Train Doesnt Stop Here Anymore, opposite Kevin Anderson. In 2008, Dukakis also co-adapted and starred in the world-premiere of Another Side of the Island, based on Shakespeares The Tempest, at Alpine Theatre Project in Whitefish and she starred in and executive-produced the 2013 film Montana Amazon, co-starring Haley Joel Osment. In 2011, Dukakis guest-starred on Law & Order, Special Victims Unit and she played the role of Debby Marsh, an attorney. On May 24,2013, she was honored with the 2, 498th star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame located at 6233 Hollywood Boulevard, Dukakis has been married to actor Louis Zorich since 1962. Olympia Dukakis at the Internet Movie Database Olympia Dukakis at the Internet Broadway Database Olympia Dukakis at the Internet Off-Broadway Database Olympia Dukakis at the TCM Movie Database \
20.
Academy Award for Best Actress
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The Academy Award for Best Actress is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of an actress who has delivered a performance in a leading role while working within the film industry. The 1st Academy Awards ceremony was held in 1929 with Janet Gaynor receiving the award for her roles in 7th Heaven, Street Angel, and Sunrise. Currently, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the branch of AMPAS. In the first three years of the awards, actresses were nominated as the best in their categories, at that time, all of their work during the qualifying period was listed after the award. The following year, this unwieldy and confusing system was replaced by the current system in which an actress is nominated for a performance in a single film. Starting with the 9th ceremony held in 1937, the category was officially limited to five nominations per year, one actress has been nominated posthumously, Jeanne Eagels. Only three film characters have been nominated more than once in this category, elizabeth I of England, Leslie Crosbie in The Letter, and Esther Blodgett in A Star is Born. Six women on the list have received an Honorary Academy Award for their acting, they are Greta Garbo, Barbara Stanwyck, Mary Pickford, Deborah Kerr, Gena Rowlands, since its inception, the award has been given to 74 actresses. Katharine Hepburn has won the most awards in this category, with four Oscars, meryl Streep, who has a total of 20 Oscar nominations, has been nominated in this category on 16 occasions, resulting in two awards. As of the 2017 ceremony, Emma Stone is the most recent winner in category for her role as Mia Dolan in La La Land. In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of release in Los Angeles County. For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months from August 1 to July 31, for the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1,1932 to December 31,1933
21.
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress
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The Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of an actress who has delivered a performance in a supporting role while working within the film industry. At the 9th Academy Awards ceremony held in 1937, Gale Sondergaard was the first winner of award for her role in Anthony Adverse. Initially, winners in both supporting acting categories were awarded instead of statuettes. Beginning with the 16th ceremony held in 1944, however, winners received full-sized statuettes, currently, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the actors branch of AMPAS, winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the Academy. Since its inception, the award has given to 78 actresses. Dianne Wiest and Shelley Winters have received the most awards in this category with two awards each, despite winning no awards, Thelma Ritter was nominated on six occasions, more than any other actress. As of the 2017 ceremony, Viola Davis is the most recent winner in category for her role as Rose Maxson in Fences. In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of release in Los Angeles County. Toronto, Ontario, Canada, University of Toronto Press, inside Oscar, The Unofficial History of the Academy Awards. New York, United States, Ballantine Books, oscars. org Oscar. com The Academy Awards Database
22.
Michael Douglas
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Michael Kirk Douglas is an American actor and producer. Douglass career includes a range of films in independent and blockbuster genres, for which he has received a number of accolades. These awards include the Golden Globe Cecil B. Douglas is the son of Kirk Douglas. He received his Bachelor of Arts in Drama from the University of California and his early acting roles included film, stage, and television productions. Douglas first achieved prominence for his performance in the ABC police procedural television series The Streets of San Francisco, in 1975 Douglas produced One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest, having acquired the rights to the Ken Kesey novel from his father. The film received critical and popular acclaim, and won the Academy Award for Best Picture, after leaving The Streets of San Francisco in 1976, Douglas went on to produce films including The China Syndrome and Romancing the Stone. He won the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture - Musical or Comedy for Romancing the Stone, in which he also starred and he reprised the role in the sequel Wall Street, Money Never Sleeps. Douglass subsequent film roles included, Black Rain, The War of the Roses, Basic Instinct, The American President, The Game, Traffic and Wonder Boys, Solitary Man, and Ant-Man. Douglas was born in New Brunswick, New Jersey, the first child of actors Kirk Douglas and his parents met at the American Academy of Dramatic Arts. His paternal grandparents were Jewish immigrants from Chavusy, and his father was born Issur Danielovitch and his mother was from Devonshire Parish, Bermuda, and had English, Irish, Scottish, Welsh, French, Belgian, and Dutch ancestry. Douglas has a brother, Joel Douglas, and two paternal half-brothers, Peter Douglas and Eric Douglas, from stepmother Anne Buydens. Douglas attended The Allen-Stevenson School in New York City, Eaglebrook School in Deerfield, Massachusetts and he received his B. A. in drama from the University of California, Santa Barbara in 1968, where he was also the Honorary President of the UCSB Alumni Association. He studied acting with Wynn Handman at The American Place Theatre in New York City and his first TV breakthrough role came with a 1969 CBS-TV Playhouse special, The Experiment—and it was the only time he was billed as M. K. Douglas. Michael Douglas started his career in the late 1960s and early 1970s, appearing in little known films such as Hail. Adam at 6 A. M. and Summertree, earned him a nomination for the Golden Globe Award for Most Promising Male Newcomer. His first significant role came in the TV series The Streets of San Francisco from 1972 to 1976, Douglas later said that Malden became a mentor and someone he admired and loved deeply. After Douglas left the show, he had an association with his mentor until Maldens death on July 1,2009. In 2004, Douglas presented Malden with the Monte Cristo Award of the Eugene ONeill Theater Center in Waterford, in 1975, Douglas received from his father, Kirk Douglas, the rights to the novel One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest
23.
Academy Award for Best Actor
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The Academy Award for Best Actor is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of an actor who has delivered a performance in a leading role while working within the film industry. The 1st Academy Awards ceremony was held in 1929 with Emil Jannings receiving the award for his roles in The Last Command and The Way of All Flesh. Currently, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the branch of AMPAS. In the first three years of the awards, actors were nominated as the best in their categories, at that time, all of their work during the qualifying period was listed after the award. The following year, this unwieldy and confusing system was replaced by the current system in which an actor is nominated for a performance in a single film. Starting with the 9th ceremony held in 1937, the category was officially limited to five nominations per year, since its inception, the award has been given to 79 actors. Daniel Day-Lewis has received the most awards in this category with three Oscars, spencer Tracy and Laurence Olivier were nominated on nine occasions, more than any other actor. As of the 2017 ceremony, Casey Affleck is the most recent winner in category for his role as Lee Chandler in Manchester by the Sea. In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of release in Los Angeles County. For the first five ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned twelve months from August 1 to July 31, for the 6th ceremony held in 1934, the eligibility period lasted from August 1,1932 to December 31,1933
24.
Wall Street (1987 film)
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Wall Street is a 1987 American drama film, directed and co-written by Oliver Stone, which stars Michael Douglas, Charlie Sheen, and Daryl Hannah. The film tells the story of Bud Fox, a stockbroker who becomes involved with Gordon Gekko. Stone made the film as a tribute to his father, Lou Stone, the character of Gekko is said to be a composite of several people, including Dennis Levine, Ivan Boesky, Carl Icahn, Asher Edelman, Michael Ovitz, Michael Milken, and Stone himself. The character of Sir Lawrence Wildman, meanwhile, was modeled on the prominent British financier, Originally, the studio wanted Warren Beatty to play Gekko, but he was not interested, Stone, meanwhile, wanted Richard Gere, but Gere passed on the role. The film was received among major film critics. Douglas won the Academy Award for Best Actor, and the film has come to be seen as the portrayal of 1980s success. Stone and Douglas reunited for a sequel titled Wall Street, Money Never Sleeps, in 1985, Bud Fox is working as a junior stockbroker in New York City at Jackson Steinem & Co. He wants to work with his hero, Gordon Gekko, a legendary Wall Street player, after calling Gekkos office 59 days in a row trying to land an appointment, Bud visits Gekko on his birthday with a box of Gekkos favorite, contraband Cuban cigars. Impressed at his sheer boldness, Gekko grants Bud an interview, Bud pitches him stocks, but Gekko is unimpressed. Desperate, Bud provides him some information about Bluestar Airlines, which Bud learned in a casual conversation from his father, Carl. Intrigued, Gekko tells Bud he will think about it, but also that he at a hundred deals a day, a dejected Bud returns to his office. However, Gekko places an order for Bluestar stock and becomes one of Buds clients, Gekko gives Bud some capital to manage, but the other stocks Bud selects lose money. Gekko gives Bud another chance, and tells him to spy on British CEO Sir Lawrence Wildman, Bud learns that Wildman is making a bid for a steel company. Through Buds spying, Gekko makes big money, and Wildman is forced to buy Gekkos shares off him to complete his takeover, Bud becomes wealthy, enjoying Gekkos promised perks, including a penthouse on Manhattans Upper East Side and a trophy girlfriend, interior decorator Darien. Bud is promoted to a stockbroker as a result of the large commission fees he is bringing in from Gekkos trading. He continues to maximize inside information and use friends as straw buyers to more income for him. Unknown to Bud, several of his trades attract the attention of the Securities, Bud pitches a new idea to Gekko, buy Bluestar Airlines and expand the company, with Bud as president, using savings achieved by union concessions and the overfunded pension. Even though Bud is unable to persuade his father to him and Gekko
25.
Sean Connery
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Sir Thomas Sean Connery is a retired Scottish actor and producer who has won an Academy Award, two BAFTA Awards and three Golden Globes. He was knighted by Elizabeth II in July 2000 after receiving Kennedy Center Honors in the US in 1999, Connery was the first actor to portray the character James Bond in film, starring in seven Bond films between 1962 and 1983. In 1988, Connery won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in The Untouchables, Connery has been polled as The Greatest Living Scot and Scotlands Greatest Living National Treasure. In 1989, he was proclaimed Sexiest Man Alive by People magazine, Thomas Sean Connery, named Thomas after his grandfather, was born in Fountainbridge, Edinburgh, Scotland on 25 August 1930. His mother, Euphemia McBain Effie, was a cleaning woman and his paternal grandfathers parents emigrated to Scotland from Ireland in the mid-19th century. The remainder of his family was of Scottish descent, and his maternal great-grandparents were native Scottish Gaelic speakers from Fife and his father was a Roman Catholic, and his mother was a Protestant. He has a brother, Neil. He was generally referred to in his youth as Tommy, although he was small in primary school, he grew rapidly around the age of 12, reaching his full adult height of 6 ft 2 in at 18. He was known during his teen years as Big Tam, and has stated that he lost his virginity to a woman in an ATS uniform at the age of 14. Connerys first job was as a milkman in Edinburgh with St. Cuthberts Co-operative Society, one tattoo is a tribute to his parents and reads Mum and Dad, and the other is self-explanatory, Scotland Forever. Connery was later discharged from the navy on medical grounds because of a duodenal ulcer, Scotland, Archie Brennan, a coffin polisher. The modelling earned him 15 shillings an hour, student artist Richard Demarco who painted several notable early pictures of Connery described him as very straight, slightly shy, too, too beautiful for words, a virtual Adonis. Connery began bodybuilding at the age of 18, and from 1951 trained heavily with Ellington, Connery was a keen footballer, having played for Bonnyrigg Rose in his younger days. He was offered a trial with East Fife, while on tour with South Pacific, Connery played in a football match against a local team that Matt Busby, manager of Manchester United, happened to be scouting. According to reports, Busby was impressed with his physical prowess, Connery admits that he was tempted to accept, but he recalls, I realised that a top-class footballer could be over the hill by the age of 30, and I was already 23. I decided to become an actor and it turned out to be one of my more intelligent moves, looking to pick up some extra money, Connery helped out backstage at the Kings Theatre in late 1951. He became interested in the proceedings, and a career was launched, the production returned the following year out of popular demand, and Connery was promoted to the featured role of Lieutenant Buzz Adams, which Larry Hagman had portrayed in the West End. While in Edinburgh, Connery was targeted by the notorious Valdor gang, there Connery launched an attack single-handedly against the gang members, grabbing one by the throat and another by a biceps and cracked their heads together
26.
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor
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The Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. It is given in honor of an actor who has delivered a performance in a supporting role while working within the film industry. At the 9th Academy Awards ceremony held in 1937, Walter Brennan was the first winner of award for his role in Come. Initially, winners in both supporting acting categories were awarded instead of statuettes. Beginning with the 16th ceremony held in 1944, however, winners received full-sized statuettes, currently, nominees are determined by single transferable vote within the actors branch of AMPAS, winners are selected by a plurality vote from the entire eligible voting members of the Academy. Since its inception, the award has given to 72 actors. Brennan has received the most awards in this category with three awards, Brennan, Jeff Bridges, Robert Duvall, Arthur Kennedy, Jack Nicholson, and Claude Rains were nominated on four occasions, more than any other actor. As of the 2017 ceremony, Mahershala Ali is the most recent winner in category for his role as Juan in Moonlight. In the following table, the years are listed as per Academy convention, and generally correspond to the year of release in Los Angeles County. Toronto, Ontario, Canada, University of Toronto Press, ISBN 978-1-55002-574-3. org The Academy Awards Database Oscar. com Complete Downloadable List of Academy Award Nominees
27.
The Untouchables (film)
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The Untouchables is a 1987 American gangster film directed by Brian De Palma, produced by Art Linson, written by David Mamet, and based on the book The Untouchables. The film stars Kevin Costner, Charles Martin Smith, Andy Garcia, Robert De Niro, Ness forms the Untouchables team to bring Capone to justice during Prohibition. The Grammy Award-winning score was composed by Ennio Morricone and features some music by Duke Ellington. The Untouchables premiered on June 2,1987 in New York City, the film grossed $106.2 million worldwide and received generally positive reviews from critics. It was nominated for four Academy Awards, Connery won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor, a prequel, The Untouchables, Capone Rising, starring Gerard Butler, was in development before being shelved. During Prohibition in 1930, Al Capone has nearly the whole city of Chicago under his control, bureau of Prohibition agent Eliot Ness is assigned to stop Capone, but his first attempt at a liquor raid fails due to corrupt policemen tipping Capone off. They recruit Italian-American trainee George Stone for his marksmanship and intelligence. Capone later kills the henchman in charge of the cache as a warning to his other men, an alderman offers Ness a bribe to drop his investigation, but Ness angrily refuses it and throws him out of the office. When Capone gunman Frank Nitti threatens Ness family, Ness has his wife, Malone then shoots a gangster through the mouth to scare George into agreeing to testify against Capone. Wallace prepares to escort George from the Chicago police station to a house, but they are shot and killed by Nitti. Ness confronts Capone and his men over the deaths, but Malone intervenes to save him from being killed, realizing that police chief Mike Dorsett sold out Wallace and George, Malone forces him to reveal the whereabouts of Walter Payne, Capones chief bookkeeper. That night, a knife-wielding thug sneaks into Malones apartment, Malone chases him out with a shotgun, Ness and Stone arrive at the apartment, before dying, Malone tells them which train Payne will take out of town. At Union Station, Ness and Stone find Payne guarded by several gangsters, a gunfight breaks out on the lobby steps, resulting in all the gangsters being killed and Payne being taken alive. As Payne testifies at Capones trial, explaining the untaxed cash flows throughout the syndicate, Ness notices that Capone seems unusually relaxed and also spots Nitti carrying a gun under his jacket. Ness has the bailiff remove Nitti and searches him outside the courtroom, Nitti shoots the bailiff and flees to the courthouse roof. Ness has the opportunity to kill Nitti at one point but chooses not to, Stone gives Ness a list, taken from Nittis jacket, that shows bribes paid to the jurors. When the judge refuses to consider it as evidence of jury tampering, the judge subsequently orders that the jury be switched with one in another courtroom, prompting Capones lawyer to enter a guilty plea on his behalf. Capone is later sentenced to 11 years in prison, Ness closes up his office and gives Malones St. Jude medallion and callbox key to Stone as a farewell gift
28.
Universal Time Coordinated
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Coordinated Universal Time, abbreviated to UTC, is the primary time standard by which the world regulates clocks and time. It is within about 1 second of mean time at 0° longitude. It is one of closely related successors to Greenwich Mean Time. For most purposes, UTC is considered interchangeable with GMT, the first Coordinated Universal Time was informally adopted on 1 January 1960. This change also adopted leap seconds to simplify future adjustments, a number of proposals have been made to replace UTC with a new system that would eliminate leap seconds, but no consensus has yet been reached. Leap seconds are inserted as necessary to keep UTC within 0.9 seconds of universal time, see the Current number of leap seconds section for the number of leap seconds inserted to date. The official abbreviation for Coordinated Universal Time is UTC and this abbreviation arose from a desire by the International Telecommunication Union and the International Astronomical Union to use the same abbreviation in all languages. English speakers originally proposed CUT, while French speakers proposed TUC, the compromise that emerged was UTC, which conforms to the pattern for the abbreviations of the variants of Universal Time. Time zones around the world are expressed using positive or negative offsets from UTC, the westernmost time zone uses UTC−12, being twelve hours behind UTC, the easternmost time zone, theoretically, uses UTC+12, being twelve hours ahead of UTC. In 1995, the nation of Kiribati moved those of its atolls in the Line Islands from UTC-10 to UTC+14 so that the country would all be on the same day. UTC is used in internet and World Wide Web standards. The Network Time Protocol, designed to synchronise the clocks of computers over the internet, computer servers, online services and other entities that rely on having a universally accepted time use UTC as it is more specific than GMT. If only limited precision is needed, clients can obtain the current UTC from a number of official internet UTC servers, for sub-microsecond precision, clients can obtain the time from satellite signals. UTC is also the standard used in aviation, e. g. for flight plans. Weather forecasts and maps all use UTC to avoid confusion about time zones, the International Space Station also uses UTC as a time standard. Amateur radio operators often schedule their radio contacts in UTC, because transmissions on some frequencies can be picked up by many time zones, UTC is also used in digital tachographs used on large goods vehicles under EU and AETR rules. UTC divides time into days, hours, minutes and seconds, days are conventionally identified using the Gregorian calendar, but Julian day numbers can also be used. Each day contains 24 hours and each hour contains 60 minutes, the number of seconds in a minute is usually 60, but with an occasional leap second, it may be 61 or 59 instead
29.
Robert Wise
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Robert Earl Wise was an American film director, producer and editor. He won Academy Awards for Best Director and Best Picture for both West Side Story and The Sound of Music and he was also nominated for Best Film Editing for Citizen Kane and directed and produced The Sand Pebbles, which was nominated for Best Picture. Among his other films are The Body Snatcher, Born to Kill, The Set-Up, The Day the Earth Stood Still, Destination Gobi, This Could Be The Night, Run Silent, Run Deep, I Want to Live. The Haunting, The Andromeda Strain, The Hindenburg and Star Trek, Wise was the president of the Directors Guild of America from 1971 to 1975 and the president of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences from 1984 through 1987. Wise achieved critical success as a director in a variety of film genres, horror, noir, western, war, science fiction, musical and drama. Wises meticulous preparation may have been motivated by studio budget constraints. Robert Wise received the AFI Life Achievement Award in 1998, Wise was born in Winchester, Randolph County, Indiana, the youngest son of Olive R. and Earl W. Wise, a meat packer. The family moved to Connersville, Fayette County, Indiana, where Wise attended public schools, as a youth Wises favorite pastime was going to the movies. As a student at Connersville High School, Wise wrote humor and sports columns for the newspaper and was a member of the yearbook staff. Wise initially sought a career in journalism and following graduation from high school attended Franklin College, Wises older brother, David, who had gone to Hollywood several years earlier and worked at RKO Pictures, found his younger brother a job in the shipping department at RKO. Wise worked odd jobs at the studio before moving into editing, Wise began his movie career at RKO as a sound and music editor. In the 1930s, RKO was a small, budget-minded studio with a work ethic and willingness to take artistic risks. At RKO, Wise became an assistant to T. K, wood, the studios head sound-effects editor. Wises first screen credit was a short subject called A Trip through Fijiland. As Wise gained experience, he became interested in editing film content, rather than sound. Wises first film as Hamiltons assistant was Alfred Santells Winterset, Wise continued to work with Hamilton on other films, including Stage Door, Careful, Having Wonderful Time and The Story of Vernon and Irene Castle. In The Hunchback of Notre Dame and Fifth Avenue Girl, Hamilton and Wise, as assistant film editor, Wises first solo film editing work was on Bachelor Mother and My Favorite Wife. At RKO, Wise worked with Orson Welles on Citizen Kane and was nominated for the Academy Award for Film Editing, Wise was the films last living crew member
30.
Shirley MacLaine
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Shirley MacLaine is an American film, television and theater actress, singer, dancer, activist and author. She is known for her New Age beliefs, and has an interest in spirituality and she has written a series of autobiographical works that describe these beliefs, document her world travels, and describe her Hollywood career. She has also won five competitive Golden Globe Awards and received the Golden Globe Cecil B, deMille Award at the 1998 ceremony. Named after Shirley Temple, Shirley MacLean Beaty was born in Richmond, MacLaines younger brother is the actor, writer and director Warren Beatty, he changed the spelling of his surname when he became an actor. Their parents raised them as Baptists and her uncle was A. A. MacLeod, a Communist member of the Ontario legislature in the 1940s. MacLaine played baseball in a team, holding the record for most home runs which earned her the nickname Powerhouse. During the 1950s, the family resided in the Dominion Hills section of Arlington. As a toddler she had weak ankles and would fall over with the slightest misstep and this was the beginning of her interest in performing. Strongly motivated by ballet, she never missed a class, in classical romantic pieces like Romeo and Juliet and The Sleeping Beauty, she always played the boys roles due to being the tallest in the group and the absence of males in the class. Ultimately she decided against making a career of professional ballet because she had grown too tall and was unable to acquire perfect technique and she explained that she didnt have the ideal body type, lacking the requisite beautifully constructed feet of high arches, high insteps and a flexible ankle. Also slowly realizing ballets propensity to be too all-consuming, and ultimately limiting, she moved on to forms of dancing, acting. She attended Washington-Lee High School, where she was on the cheerleading squad, the summer before her senior year, she went to New York City to try acting on Broadway, and had some success. After she graduated, she returned and within a year became an understudy to actress Carol Haney in The Pajama Game, Haney broke her ankle, a few months after, with Haney still injured, film producer Hal B. Wallis saw MacLaines performance, and signed her to work for Paramount Pictures and she later sued Wallis over a contractual dispute, a suit that has been credited with ending the old-style studio star system of actor management. MacLaine made her debut in Alfred Hitchcocks The Trouble with Harry. This was quickly followed by her role in the Martin and Lewis film Artists, soon afterwards, she had a role in Around the World in 80 Days. This was followed by Hot Spell and a role in Some Came Running, for the latter film she gained her first Academy Award nomination. Her second Oscar nomination came two years later for The Apartment, starring with Jack Lemmon, the film won five Oscars, including Best Director for Billy Wilder
31.
Broadcast News (film)
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Broadcast News is a 1987 romantic comedy-drama film written, produced and directed by James L. Brooks. The film concerns a virtuoso television news producer, who has daily emotional breakdowns and it also stars Robert Prosky, Lois Chiles, Joan Cusack, and Jack Nicholson as the evening news anchor. The film revolves around three characters who work in television news, Jane Craig is a talented, neurotic producer whose life revolves around her work. Janes best friend and frequent collaborator, Aaron Altman, is a writer and reporter ambitious for on-camera exposure who is secretly in love with Jane. Tom Grunick, a news anchorman who until recently was a sports anchorman, is likeable and telegenic. He is attracted to Jane, although he is intimidated by her skills. All three work out of the Washington, D. C. office of a television network. Craig is drawn to Grunick, but resents his lack of qualifications for his new position as news anchor, Altman also is appalled by Grunicks lack of experience and knowledge, but accepts his advice when finally getting an opportunity to anchor a newscast himself. Unfortunately, he lacks Grunicks poise and composure in that seat, Altman acknowledges to Craig that he is in love with her while trying to dissuade her from pursuing a romantic relationship with Grunick. As a massive layoff hits the network, resulting in many colleagues losing their jobs, Altman tenders his resignation, however, before he leaves, he tips off Craig to a breach of ethics on Grunicks part. She decides she cannot in good conscience get personally involved with Grunick and she no longer has either man in her personal or professional life, at least until the three of them reunite several years later. The score was by Bill Conti, emmy Award-winning composers Glen Roven and Marc Shaiman make cameo appearances as a dorky musician team who have composed a theme for the news program in the film. The character of Jane Craig was based on journalist and news producer Susan Zirinsky, the female lead was originally written for Debra Winger, who worked with James L. Brooks in Terms of Endearment. However, Winger was replaced by Holly Hunter at the last minute because of her pregnancy, Broadcast News was given a limited release on December 16,1987, in seven theaters and managed to gross USD $197,542 on its opening weekend. It went into wide release on December 25,1987, in 677 theaters, the film went on to make $51.3 million in North America and $16.1 million in the rest of the world for a worldwide total of $67.3 million. In his review for The New York Times, Vincent Canby wrote, As the fast-talking Aaron, is more or less the conscience of Broadcast News. Hal Hinson, in his review for The Washington Post, wrote, Brooks is excellent at taking us inside the world of television and he has a facile, too-pat approach to dealing with issues, theres still too much of the sitcom mentality at work. The magazine also ranked Broadcast News as one of the best films of the year, the film garnered a 98% rating at Rotten Tomatoes and an 84 metascore at Metacritic
32.
Gigi (1958 film)
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Gigi is a 1958 American musical-romance film directed by Vincente Minnelli processed using MGMs Metrocolor. The screenplay by Alan Jay Lerner is based on the 1944 novella of the name by Colette. The film features songs with lyrics by Lerner and music by Frederick Loewe, in 1991, Gigi was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant. The American Film Institute ranked it #35 in AFIs 100 Years.100 Passions, set in turn-of-the-20th century Paris, the film opens with Honoré Lachaille who is surrounded by members of high society in the Bois de Boulogne. Being a charming old roué, he remarks that in Paris, marriage is not the option for wealthy young bon vivants like his nephew Gaston. The one thing Gaston truly enjoys is spending time with Madame Alvarez, whom he calls Mamita, and especially her granddaughter, following the family tradition, Madame Alvarez sends Gigi to her Great Aunt Alicia, to be groomed as a courtesan to learn etiquette and charm. To Alicia, love is an art, and a necessary accomplishment for Gigis social, but Gigi shows disdain for such trivial love that a man and his mistress usually have. Remaining true to her girlish, yet charming personality, she finds herself having the most fun when she is with Gaston, like his uncle, Gaston is known as a wealthy womanizer. The whole of Paris watches his every move, and Parisian high society shows unrestrained judgment towards him, Gastons latest mistress attempts to run off with her ice skating instructor. As a response, he humiliates her, resulting in her attempted suicide. After this ordeal, Gaston wishes to retreat to the country, Gigi makes a wager during a card match with Gaston, suggesting that if he loses, he has to take her and her grandmother to the sea with him when he goes on vacation. Gaston agrees, and they all travel to the country, while Gaston and Gigi spend countless hours having fun together, Honoré and Madame Alvarez reveal their once-passionate relationship. Once Gigi and her return to Paris, Gaston goes to Monte Carlo for some time. During this time, Gigis aunt and grandmother discuss the possibility of Gigi becoming Gastons mistress, Madame Alvarez, though dubious at first, agrees to let Gigi train around the clock to prepare for Gastons return. Gigi accepts this as a necessary evil, when Gaston returns, he is surprised and discomfited when Gigi appears in her new, adult dress. Gaston stammers out that she looks like a giraffe and that he misses her old outfits and he storms out, realises his folly, and rushes back to apologize. He tells her that she looks lovely, and says that he prove it to her by taking her to tea at the Reservoir. Gigis grandmother refuses and tells Gaston that this may ruin her reputation to be seen unchaperoned with Gaston before her reputation has even begun, Gaston, angered, storms out once again
33.
One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (film)
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One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest is a 1975 American comedy-drama film directed by Miloš Forman, based on the 1962 novel One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest by Ken Kesey. The film stars Jack Nicholson and features a supporting cast of Louise Fletcher, William Redfield, Will Sampson, considered to be one of the greatest films ever made, One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest is No.33 on the American Film Institutes 100 Years. The film was the second to win all five major Academy Awards following It Happened One Night in 1934 and it also won numerous Golden Globe and BAFTA Awards. In 1993, the film was deemed culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant by the United States Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry. In 1963, Oregon, recidivist criminal Randle McMurphy is moved to an institution after serving a short sentence on a prison farm for statutory rape of a 15-year-old. Though not actually mentally ill, McMurphy hopes to avoid hard labor, Ratched soon sees McMurphy’s lively, rebellious presence to be a threat to her authority, confiscating and rationing the patients’ cigarettes. During his time in the ward, McMurphy gets into a battle of wits with Ratched, stealing the hospital with several patients, for a fishing trip, encouraging them thus to become more self-confident. Ratched sends them to the “shock shop”, where McMurphy discovers Chief can actually hear and speak, after being subjected to electroconvulsive therapy, McMurphy decides to throw a secret Christmas party for their friends after Ratched leaves for the night. Bribing the night guard, he sneaks some bottles and two women into the ward, Candy and Rose, intending to escape once the party is over. They invite Billy to come with them, which he refuses, Ratched arrives in the morning to find the ward in disarray and most of the patients unconsciously drunk, and Billy with Candy together in his bed. The boy is now free of his stutter, but only until threatened by Ratched to inform his mother about his escapade. Overwhelmed with fear, Billy locks himself in the office and commits suicide, whereas the enraged McMurphy strangles Ratched. Ratched is back at work with her neck braced, and a scratchy voice, later that night, Chief Bromden sees McMurphy being returned asleep to his bed, and discovers he has lobotomy scars on his forehead. Bromden then smothers his friend with a pillow, sneaks to the ward, pulls the fountain cart from its piping, throwing the heavy piece out the smashed window. Filming began in January 1975 and concluded three months later, and was shot on location in Salem, Oregon and the surrounding area. It was also shot at Oregon State Hospital in Salem, Oregon, haskell Wexler was fired as cinematographer and replaced by Bill Butler. However, Miloš Forman said he had terminated Wexler over mere artistic differences. ”According to Butler, Jack Nicholson refused to speak to Forman. never talked to Miloš at all, he only talked to me. But it does go wrong, insisting on making larger points than its story really should carry, so that at the end, and yet there are those moments of brilliance
34.
John Patrick Shanley
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John Patrick Shanley is an American playwright, screenwriter, and theatre and film director. His play Doubt, A Parable won the Pulitzer Prize for Drama as well as the 2005 Tony Award for Best Play and he won the 1988 Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay for his film Moonstruck. Shanley was born into an Irish-American family in The Bronx, New York City and his mother worked as a telephone operator, and his father was a meat-packer. The neighborhood Shanley grew up in was considered very rough and his academic career did not begin well, but ultimately he graduated from New York University with honors. He was heavily influenced by one of his first teachers, Sister Margaret McEntee, while at Cardinal Spellman High School he saw two school productions that influenced him. The Miracle Worker and Cyrano de Bergerac, after his Freshman year at New York University, he was put on academic probation. He then enlisted in the United States Marines, serving in a stateside post during the Vietnam War, following his military service, he wrote a novel, then burned it, and returned to the university with the help of the G. I. Bill, and by supporting himself with a series of jobs, elevator operator, house painter, furniture mover, locksmith and he graduated from New York University as valedictorian in 1977. Shanley is the author of more than 23 plays, which have translated and performed around the world. He has often directed his own productions and he has also written for film, his second film, Moonstruck, stars Nicolas Cage and Cher, and won three Academy Awards, including one for his screenplay. In 1990, Shanley directed his script of Joe Versus the Volcano, Shanley also wrote two songs for the movie, Marooned Without You and The Cowboy Song. He wrote the screenplay for the film Congo, which was based on the Michael Crichton book. His play Doubt, A Parable ran on Broadway from March 31,2005 to July 2,2006 and won four 2005 Tony Awards, the Drama Desk Award and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama. Shanley directed the 2008 film version, which starred Meryl Streep, Philip Seymour Hoffman, Amy Adams and Viola Davis. In 2012, Shanley wrote the libretto for a version of Doubt, A Parable. Until then, his experience with opera was not extensive, he had attended a few performances and had listened to recordings, as he worked on the libretto, using many lines that come directly from the play, he describes that his enthusiasm for the form grew. Also in 2012, his play Storefront Church ran Off-Broadway in a production by the Atlantic Theater Company, the play concerns Bronx residents whose lives become tangled in unexpected ways when a mortgage goes sour. Storefront Church was also put up by San Francisco Playhouse in San Francisco in December 2013 where it was well received
35.
David Byrne
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Byrne is a multi-instrumentalist and is known for his distinctive voice. Since then, Byrne has released his own recordings and worked with various media including film, photography, opera. He has received Oscar, Grammy, and Golden Globe awards and been inducted into the Rock, David Byrne was born 14 May 1952, in Dumbarton, Scotland, to parents Tom and Emma. He is the elder of two children, two years after his birth, his parents moved to Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, and then to Arbutus, Maryland, in the United States, when he was 8 or 9 years old. His father worked as an electronics engineer, before high school, Byrne already knew how to play the guitar, accordion, and violin. He was rejected from his schools choir because they claimed he was off-key. From a young age, he had a strong interest in music and his parents say that he would constantly play his phonograph from age three and he learned how to play the harmonica at age five. In his journals he says, I was a peculiar young man—borderline Aspergers, Byrne graduated from Lansdowne High School in southwest Baltimore County. He started his career in a high school band called Revelation. Their repertoire consisted mostly of songs such as April Showers,96 Tears, Dancing on the Ceiling, Byrne attended the Rhode Island School of Design and the Maryland Institute College of Art before dropping out. He returned to Providence in 1973 and formed a band called the Artistics with fellow RISD student Chris Frantz, Byrne moved to New York City in May that year and was joined by Frantz and his girlfriend Tina Weymouth in September. Unable to find a player in New York, Frantz. While working day jobs in late 1974, they were contemplating a band, by January 1975, they were practicing and playing together, while still working normal day jobs. They founded the band Talking Heads and had their first gig in June, Byrne quit his day job in May 1976 and the three-piece band signed to Sire Records in November. Multi-instrumentalist Jerry Harrison joined the band in 1977, the band released eight studio albums before going into hiatus in 1988. Byrne desired to go solo, but it took three years until 1991 to announce that the band was breaking up, a brief reunion for a single Sax and Violins in 1991 occurred before dissolving again. The band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2002, following this record, Byrne focused his attention on Talking Heads. My Life in the Bush of Ghosts was re-released for its 25th anniversary in early 2006, in keeping with the spirit of the original album, stems for two of the songs component tracks were released under Creative Commons licenses and a remix contest site was launched
36.
Rick Baker
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Richard A. Rick Baker is an American special make-up effects creator, make-up artist, and special effects supervisor, mostly known for his creature effects, he was also a creature designer. Baker won the Academy Award for Best Makeup and Hairstyling a record seven times from a record eleven nominations, Baker was born in Binghamton, New York, to Doris and Ralph B. He is married and has two daughters, as a teen, Baker began creating artificial body parts in his own kitchen. He also appeared briefly in the fan production The Night Turkey, bakers first professional job was as an assistant to prosthetic makeup effects veteran Dick Smith on the film The Exorcist. Baker received the inaugural Academy Award for Best Makeup and Hairstyling for his work on An American Werewolf in London and he also created the werecat creature Michael Jackson transforms into in the music video Thriller. Subsequently, Baker has been nominated for the Best Makeup Oscar ten more times, winning on seven occasions and he was married to Elaine Melba Parkyn for ten years. Baker claims that his work on Harry and the Hendersons is one of his proudest achievements, on October 3,2009, he received the Jack Pierce – Lifetime Achievement Award title of the Chiller-Eyegore Awards. He was awarded a Doctorate of Humane Letters from the Academy of Art University San Francisco in 2008 and he also contributes commentaries to the web series Trailers From Hell for trailers about horror and science fiction films. Baker received the 2485th star of the Hollywood Walk of Fame on November 30,2012, the star is located in front of the Guinness World Records Museum. Baker announced his retirement on May 28,2015, First of all and its also starting to take away the makeup part. The time is right, I am 64 years old, I like to do things right, and they wanted cheap and fast. That is not what I want to do, so I just decided it is time to get out. I would consider designing and consulting on something, but I don’t think I will have a working studio anymore. Baker played the role in the 1976 remake of King Kong. In the 2005 remake, he had a cameo as the pilot and gunner who shot down Kong. A
37.
Jeremy Thomas
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Jeremy Jack Thomas, CBE is a British film producer, founder and chairman of Recorded Picture Company. He produced Bernardo Bertoluccis The Last Emperor, which won the 1988 Academy Award for Best Picture, in 2006 he received a European Film Award for Outstanding European Achievement in World Cinema. His father was director Ralph Thomas, while his uncle Gerald Thomas directed all of the films in the Carry on franchise, Cinema has always been a part of Thomas life. He was born in London, England into a family with his father, Ralph Philip Thomas. His childhood ambition was to work in cinema, after editing Philippe Moras Brother, Can You Spare a Dime. He produced his first film Mad Dog Morgan in 1974 in Australia and he then returned to England to produce Jerzy Skolimowskis The Shout, which won the Grand Prix de Jury at the Cannes Film Festival. Thomas films are all individual and his independence of spirit has paid off both artistically and commercially. Lawrence, and The Hit directed by Stephen Frears, in 1986, Thomas produced Bernardo Bertoluccis epic, The Last Emperor, an independently financed project that was three years in the making. A commercial and critical triumph, the film swept the board at the 1987 Academy Awards, burroughs Naked Lunch, J. G. Ballards Crash and Christopher Hamptons A Dangerous Method. In 1997 Thomas directed All the Little Animals, starring John Hurt and Christian Bale and his film, Jon Amiels Creation, about the life of Charles Darwin, with Paul Bettany and Jennifer Connelly in the leads, was the Opening Gala of the 2009 Toronto International Film Festival. In 2010, Thomas premiered Jerzy Skolimowskis Essential Killing and Takashi Miikes 13 Assassins at the Venice Film Festival, Essential Killing went on to win the Jury Prize and two others, a triple win unprecedented in the Festivals history. He also executive-produced Wim Wenders 3D dance film Pina, which premiered at the 2011 Berlinale, at Cannes 2011, Thomas premiered Takashi Miikes new film, Hara-Kiri, Death of a Samurai, the first 3D film to show in Competition. Grant, Demian Bichir and Emilia Clarke, recent releases include an adaptation of J. G. Thomas has said of his ethos, In 1998, Thomas founded his international sales arm, HanWay Films, HanWay has since expanded to sell third party projects as well as handling the libraries of many of the worlds best-known filmmakers. He has been President of the Jury at Tokyo Film Festival, San Sebastian Film Festival, Berlin Film Festival and he was made a Life Fellow of the British Film Institute in 2000. Thomas was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire in the 2009 New Year Honours, Mad Dog Morgan The Shout The Great Rock n Roll Swindle Bad Timing Eureka Merry Christmas, Mr
38.
James L. Brooks
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James Lawrence Jim Brooks is an American director, producer and screenwriter. Growing up in North Bergen, New Jersey, Brooks endured a fractured family life, after dropping out of New York University, he got a job as an usher at CBS, going on to write for the CBS News broadcasts. He moved to Los Angeles in 1965 to work on David L. Wolpers documentaries, after being laid off he met producer Allan Burns who secured him a job as a writer on the series My Mother the Car. Brooks wrote for several shows before being hired as an editor on My Friend Tony. Grant Tinker hired Brooks and Burns at MTM Productions to create The Mary Tyler Moore Show in 1970, the show, one of the first to feature an independent working woman as its lead character, was critically acclaimed and won Brooks several Primetime Emmy Awards. Brooks and Burns then created two successful spin-offs from Mary Tyler Moore in the shape of Rhoda and Lou Grant, Brooks left MTM Productions in 1978 to co-create the sitcom Taxi which, despite winning multiple Emmys, suffered from low ratings and was canceled twice. Brooks moved into film work when he wrote and co-produced the 1979 film Starting Over. His next project was the acclaimed film Terms of Endearment. Basing his next film, Broadcast News, on his journalistic experiences, although his 1994 work Ill Do Anything was hampered by negative press attention due to the cutting of all of its recorded musical numbers, As Good as It Gets earned further praise. It was seven years until his film, 2004s Spanglish. His sixth film, How Do You Know, was released in 2010, Brooks also produced and mentored Cameron Crowe on Say Anything. And Wes Anderson and Owen Wilson on Bottle Rocket, in 1984, Brooks founded the television and film company, Gracie Films. Although he did not intend to do so, Brooks returned to television in 1987 as the producer of The Tracey Ullman Show and he hired cartoonist Matt Groening to create a series of shorts for the show, which eventually led to The Simpsons in 1989. The Simpsons won numerous awards and is still running, Brooks also co-produced and co-wrote the 2007 film adaptation of the show, The Simpsons Movie. In total, Brooks has received 47 Emmy nominations, winning 20 of them, Brooks was born James Lawrence Brooks on May 9,1940 in Brooklyn, New York, United States, and raised in North Bergen, New Jersey. His parents, Dorothy Helen and Edward M. Brooks, were both salespeople, the Brooks family was Jewish, Edward Brooks changed his surname from Bernstein and claimed to be Irish. Brooks father abandoned his mother when he found out she was pregnant with him, during the pregnancy, Brooks father sent his wife a postcard stating that If its a boy, name him Jim. His mother died when he was 22 and he has an older sister, Diane, who helped look after him as a child and to whom he dedicated As Good As It Gets
39.
Fatal Attraction
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Fatal Attraction is a 1987 American psychological thriller film directed by Adrian Lyne and written by James Dearden. It is based on Deardens 1980 short film Diversion, starring Michael Douglas, Glenn Close, and Anne Archer, the film centers on a married man who has a weekend affair with a woman who refuses to allow it to end and becomes obsessed with him. The film was a hit, finishing as the second highest-grossing film of 1987 in the United States. Critics were enthusiastic about the film, and it received six Academy Award nominations, including Best Picture, Best Actress for Close, both lost to Cher and Olympia Dukakis, respectively, for Moonstruck. Dan Gallagher is a successful, happily married Manhattan lawyer whose work leads him to meet Alexandra Alex Forrest, while his wife, Beth, and daughter, Ellen, are out of town for the weekend, Dan has an affair with Alex. Though it was understood by both as just a fling, Alex starts clinging to him. Dan spends a second unplanned evening with Alex after she asks him over. When Dan tries to leave, she cuts her wrists in a suicide attempt and he helps her to bandage them and later leaves. He thinks the affair is forgotten, but she shows up at places to see him. She waits at his one day to apologize and invites him to a performance of Madame Butterfly. She then continues to him until he tells his secretary that he will no longer take her calls. She then phones his home at all hours, and confronts him claiming that she is pregnant, although he wants nothing to do with her, she argues that he must take responsibility. After he changes his home number, she shows up at his apartment and meets Beth. Later that night, he goes to her apartment to confront her, in response, she replies that she will not be ignored. Dan moves his family to Bedford, but this not deter Alex. She has a tape recording delivered to him filled with verbal abuse, at one point, while the Gallaghers are not home, Alex kills Ellens pet rabbit, and puts it on their stove to boil. After this, Dan tells Beth of the affair and Alexs supposed pregnancy, enraged, she demands that he leave. Before he goes, Dan calls Alex to tell her that Beth knows about the affair, Beth gets on the phone and warns Alex that if she persists, she will kill her
40.
Sherry Lansing
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Sherry Lansing is an American former actress and film studio executive. She is a former CEO of Paramount Pictures, and when she was the president of production at 20th Century Fox, in 2005, she became the first female movie studio head to place hand and foot prints at the Graumans Chinese Theater. In 2001, she was named one of the 30 most powerful women in America by Ladies Home Journal, Lansing was born Sherry Lee Duhl in Chicago, Illinois on July 31,1944. Her mother, Margaret Margot Heimann, fled from Nazi Germany in 1937 at the age of 17 and her father, David Duhl, was a real-estate investor who died when she was nine. Her mother remarried and died in 1984 from ovarian cancer and she was raised in a Jewish household. Lansing attended the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools and graduated in 1962, in 1966, she earned a Bachelor of Science degree at Northwestern University, where she was a member of Sigma Delta Tau sorority. Lansing married Academy Award winning director William Friedkin on July 6,1991, by this marriage, Lansing has two stepsons, Jack and Cedric. Lansing pursued a career but, dissatisfied with her own acting skills. She took a job with MGM as head script reader and worked on two films, The China Syndrome and Kramer vs. Kramer. Lansings work at MGM eventually led, after a stint at Columbia Pictures, to an appointment in 1980, at age 35 and she was also a partner in Jaffe/Lansing Productions with Stanley R. Jaffe. In 1992, she was offered the chairmanship of Paramount Pictures Motion Picture Group, during her tenure at Paramount, the studio enjoyed its longest and most successful string of releases since the 30s. Under Lansing, the studio produced such hits as Forrest Gump, Braveheart. Six of the ten highest grossing Paramount films were released during her tenure which included three Academy Awards for Best Picture, overall, 80% of the films released by Lansing were profitable, a track record unmatched by any other long term studio management leader. As studio chief, she focused on bottom-line cost rather than market share, preferring to take fewer risks and she is a Regent of the University of California. In 2005, she created The Sherry Lansing Foundation which is dedicated to raising awareness and she is a recipient of UCLA Anderson School of Managements highest honor-the Exemplary Leadership in Management Award. In 2007, she received the Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award for her work in research at the 79th Academy Awards. The award was presented to her by Tom Cruise, her longtime friend, in 2011, Lansing pledged $5 million to University of Chicago Laboratory Schools to build a new arts wing, including a 250-seat performance venue. As of March 2013, Lansing was a member of the Board of Directors of the Dole Food Company, beginning in 2012, she has also served as a member of the Board of Directors for the W. M. Keck Foundation
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Hope and Glory (film)
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The title is derived from the traditional British patriotic song Land of Hope and Glory. The film was distributed by Columbia Pictures, beginning just before the start of the Second World War, the film tells the story of the Rohan family, Bill, his sisters Sue and Dawn, and his parents Grace and Clive, living in a suburb of London. After the war starts, Clive joins the army, leaving Grace alone to watch over the children, seen through the eyes of 10-year-old Bill, the fireworks provided by the Blitz every night are as exciting as they are terrifying. His family do not see things in quite the way as the bombs continue to drop. The family eventually moves to the Thames-side home of Graces parents when their house burns down and this provides an opportunity for Bill to spend more time with his curmudgeonly grandfather. The film received Academy Awards nominations for Best Art Direction-Set Decoration, Best Cinematography, Best Director, Best Picture and Best Writing, the film was nominated for the prestigious Grand Prix of the Belgian Film Critics Association. The newsreel footage shown in the local cinema contains scenes from the 1969 film Battle of Britain, the film was favourably reviewed by critic Pauline Kael in her film reviews collection Hooked. Its hard to believe that a great comedy could be made of the Blitz, in his new, autobiographical film, he has had the inspiration to desentimentalize wartime Britain and show us the Second World War the way he saw it as an eight-year-old. The war frees the Rohans from the monotony of their pinched white-collar lives. He doesnt deny the war its terrors, yet he gives everything a comic fillip. Thats the joy of the film, the war has its horrors and its like a plainspoken, English variant of the Taviani brothers The Night of the Shooting Stars. A sequel to the film, titled Queen and Country, was made in 2014, the film tells the story of an older Bill Rohan as a soldier during the Korean War. The film was selected to be screened as part of the Directors Fortnight section of the 2014 Cannes Film Festival and it was released generally in 2015. Hope and Glory at the Internet Movie Database Hope and Glory at AllMovie Hope and Glory at Box Office Mojo Hope and Glory at Rotten Tomatoes
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John Boorman
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He has directed a total of 22 films and has received five Academy Award nominations. Boorman was born in Shepperton, Surrey, England, the son of Ivy and he was educated at the Salesian School in Chertsey, Surrey, even though his family was not Roman Catholic. Boorman first began by working as a drycleaner and journalist in the late 1950s and he ran the newsrooms at Southern Television in Southampton and Dover before moving into TV documentary filmmaking, eventually becoming the head of the BBCs Bristol-based Documentary Unit in 1962. While not as successful commercially as Lesters film, it drew good reviews from distinguished critics such as Pauline Kael and Dilys Powell, Lee Marvin gave the then-unknown director his full support, telling MGM he deferred all his approvals on the project to Boorman. Returning to the United Kingdom, he made Leo the Last and this film exhibited the influence of Federico Fellini and even starred Fellini regular Marcello Mastroianni, and won him a Best Director award at Cannes. This film became Boormans first true box office success, earning him several award nominations, at the beginning of the 1970s, Boorman was planning to film The Lord of the Rings and corresponded about his plans with the author, J. R. R. Tolkien. Ultimately the production proved too costly, though elements and themes can be seen in Excalibur. A wide variety of films followed, zardoz, starring Sean Connery, was a post-apocalyptic science fiction piece, set in the 24th century. Boorman was selected as director for Exorcist II, The Heretic, a move that surprised the industry given his antipathy to the original film. Boorman declared, Not only did I not want to do the original film and it was based on Chardins intoxicating Idea that biological evolution was the first step In Gods plan, starting with inert rock, and culminating In humankind. Despite Boormans continued rewriting throughout shooting, the film was rendered incomprehensible, the film, released in June 1977, was a critical and box office disaster. Boorman was denounced by author William Peter Blatty, the author of the original novel The Exorcist, Boorman later admitted that his approach to the film was a mistake. The Heretic is often considered not just the worst film of The Exorcist series, Excalibur, a long-held dream project of Boormans, is a retelling of the Arthurian legend, based on Le Morte DArthur. The production was based in the Republic of Ireland, where Boorman had relocated, for the film he employed all of his children as actors and crew and several of Boormans later films have been family business productions. The film, one of the first to be produced by Orion Films, was a moderate success, Hope and Glory is his most autobiographical movie to date, a retelling of his childhood in London during The Blitz. Produced by Goldcrest Films, with Hollywood financing the film, it proved a box office hit in the US, receiving numerous Oscar, BAFTA, however, his 1990 US-produced comedy about a dysfunctional family, Where the Heart Is, was a major flop. Rospo Pallenbergs original screenplay was adapted into a book of the name by award-winning author Robert Holdstock. When his friend David Lean died in 1991, Boorman was announced to be taking over direction of Leans long-planned adaptation of Nostromo, beyond Rangoon and The Tailor of Panama both explore unique worlds with alien characters stranded and desperate
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