1.
Royal Albert Hall
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The Royal Albert Hall is a concert hall on the northern edge of South Kensington, London, which holds the Proms concerts annually each summer since 1941. It has a capacity of up to 5,272 seats, the Hall is a registered charity held in trust for the nation and receives no public or government funding. A further 400 events are each year in the non-auditorium spaces. In 1851, the Great Exhibition was held in Hyde Park, the Exhibitions Royal Commission bought Gore House and its grounds on the advice of the Prince. Progress on the scheme was slow and in 1861 Prince Albert died, however, a memorial was proposed for Hyde Park, with a Great Hall opposite. The proposal was approved and the site was purchased with some of the profits from the Exhibition, the Hall was designed by civil engineers Captain Francis Fowke and Major-General Henry Y. D. Scott of the Royal Engineers and built by Lucas Brothers. The designers were heavily influenced by ancient amphitheatres, but had also exposed to the ideas of Gottfried Semper while he was working at the South Kensington Museum. The recently opened Cirque dHiver in Paris was seen in the press as the design to outdo. The Hall was constructed mainly of Fareham Red brick, with terra cotta block decoration made by Gibbs, the dome on top was made of wrought iron and glazed. There was an assembly made of the iron framework of the dome in Manchester, then it was taken apart again and transported to London via horse. When the time came for the structure to be removed from the dome after reassembly in situ. It did drop – but only by five-sixteenths of an inch, the Hall was scheduled to be completed by Christmas Day 1870 and the Queen visited a few weeks beforehand to inspect. The official opening ceremony of the Hall was on 29 March 1871, a welcoming speech was given by Edward, the Prince of Wales, Queen Victoria was too overcome to speak. At some point, the Queen remarked that the Hall reminded her of the British constitution, a concert followed, when the Halls acoustic problems became immediately apparent. Engineers first attempted to solve the strong echo by suspending a canvas awning below the dome, in July 1871, French organist Camille Saint-Saëns performed Church Scene from the Faust by Charles Gounod, The Orchestra described his performance as an exceptional and distinguished performer. Initially lit by gas, the Hall contained a system where its thousands of gas jets were lit within ten seconds. Though it was demonstrated as early as 1873 in the Hall, full electric lighting was not installed until 1888, during an early trial when a partial installation was made, one disgruntled patron wrote to The Times declaring it to be a very ghastly and unpleasant innovation. In May 1877, Richard Wagner himself conducted the first half of each of the eight concerts which made up the Grand Wagner Festival
2.
London
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London /ˈlʌndən/ is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom. Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain and it was founded by the Romans, who named it Londinium. Londons ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its 1. 12-square-mile medieval boundaries. London is a global city in the arts, commerce, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, professional services, research and development, tourism. It is crowned as the worlds largest financial centre and has the fifth- or sixth-largest metropolitan area GDP in the world, London is a world cultural capital. It is the worlds most-visited city as measured by international arrivals and has the worlds largest city airport system measured by passenger traffic, London is the worlds leading investment destination, hosting more international retailers and ultra high-net-worth individuals than any other city. Londons universities form the largest concentration of education institutes in Europe. In 2012, London became the first city to have hosted the modern Summer Olympic Games three times, London has a diverse range of people and cultures, and more than 300 languages are spoken in the region. Its estimated mid-2015 municipal population was 8,673,713, the largest of any city in the European Union, Londons urban area is the second most populous in the EU, after Paris, with 9,787,426 inhabitants at the 2011 census. The citys metropolitan area is the most populous in the EU with 13,879,757 inhabitants, the city-region therefore has a similar land area and population to that of the New York metropolitan area. London was the worlds most populous city from around 1831 to 1925, Other famous landmarks include Buckingham Palace, the London Eye, Piccadilly Circus, St Pauls Cathedral, Tower Bridge, Trafalgar Square, and The Shard. The London Underground is the oldest underground railway network in the world, the etymology of London is uncertain. It is an ancient name, found in sources from the 2nd century and it is recorded c.121 as Londinium, which points to Romano-British origin, and hand-written Roman tablets recovered in the city originating from AD 65/70-80 include the word Londinio. The earliest attempted explanation, now disregarded, is attributed to Geoffrey of Monmouth in Historia Regum Britanniae and this had it that the name originated from a supposed King Lud, who had allegedly taken over the city and named it Kaerlud. From 1898, it was accepted that the name was of Celtic origin and meant place belonging to a man called *Londinos. The ultimate difficulty lies in reconciling the Latin form Londinium with the modern Welsh Llundain, which should demand a form *lōndinion, from earlier *loundiniom. The possibility cannot be ruled out that the Welsh name was borrowed back in from English at a later date, and thus cannot be used as a basis from which to reconstruct the original name. Until 1889, the name London officially applied only to the City of London, two recent discoveries indicate probable very early settlements near the Thames in the London area
3.
Gary Oldman
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Gary Leonard Oldman is an English actor, filmmaker, musician and author who has performed in theatre, film and television. He is known for his big acting style and on-screen diversity, Oldman began acting on stage in 1979, and gained his first starring film role in Meantime. Identified in the late 1980s with the Brit Pack, he was described by critic Roger Ebert as the best young British actor around and he meanwhile gave a critically acclaimed reading of Ludwig van Beethoven in Immortal Beloved. Motion pictures in which he has starred have grossed over $10.6 billion, in 2011, Empire readers voted Oldman the recipient of the Empire Icon Award. He will portray Winston Churchill in Darkest Hour, Oldman was born in New Cross, London, the son of Leonard Bertram Oldman, a former sailor who also worked as a welder, and Kathleen Cheriton. He has stated that Leonard was an alcoholic who left the family when Oldman was seven years old, Oldman attended West Greenwich School in Deptford, leaving school at the age of 16 to work in a sports shop. He was a pianist as a child, and later a singer, in a 1995 interview with Charlie Rose, Oldman said, Something about Malcolm just arrested me, and I connected, and I said, I wanna do that. Growing up in south London, Oldman supported his local football club Millwall, and I knew that my dad was involved somehow with the reserve team. But two weeks ago my mum said, Oh yeah, your dad played for Millwall, when he was young he had a couple of first team games. He later won a scholarship to attend the Rose Bruford College in Sidcup, Southeast London, Oldman describes himself as shy although a diligent worker during his time at Rose Bruford, where he performed roles such as Puck in the performance of Shakespeares A Midsummer Nights Dream. After leaving school, Oldman was the first in his class to receive professional work, Oldman stated on The South Bank Show that it had nothing to do with being better than someone else, rather his diligence and application. When asked by Charlie Rose if he had reminded RADA of this and he made his professional stage debut in 1979 as Puss, alongside Michael Simkins and Peter Howitt, in Dick Whittington and His Cat, at Yorks Theatre Royal. The play then ran in Colchester, then with Glasgows Citizens Theatre, Oldmans work ethic, from 1980 to 1981, he appeared in The Massacre at Paris, Desperado Corner, and Robert David MacDonalds plays Chinchilla and A Waste of Time. He performed in a 6-month West End run of MacDonalds Summit Conference, opposite Glenda Jackson, also that year, Oldman made his film debut in Colin Greggs Remembrance, and would have starred in Don Boyds Gossip if that film had not collapsed. The following year, he landed a role as a skinhead in Mike Leighs film Meantime. Afterwards, he went to Westcliffe to star in Saved, Saved proved to be a major breakthrough for Oldman. Max Stafford-Clark, artistic director of the Royal Court Theatre, had seen Oldmans performance and cast him as Scopey, Oldman was a member of the Royal Shakespeare Company from 1985 to 1986. The 1984 production of The Popes Wedding had been seen by director Alex Cox and he twice turned down the role before accepting it, because, in his own words, I wasnt really that interested in Sid Vicious and the punk movement
4.
Guillermo del Toro
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Guillermo del Toro Gómez is a Mexican film director, screenwriter, producer, and novelist. He was originally chosen by Peter Jackson to direct The Hobbit films, Del Toros work is characterised by a strong connection to fairy tales and horror, with an effort to infuse visual or poetic beauty. He has a fascination with monsters, which he considers symbols of great power. He is also friends with fellow Mexican directors Alfonso Cuarón and Alejandro González Iñárritu, Del Toro was born in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. He was raised in a strict Catholic household, Del Toro studied at the Centro de Investigación y Estudios Cinematográficos, in Guadalajara. When del Toro was about eight years old, he began experimenting with his fathers Super 8 camera, making films with Planet of the Apes toys. One short focused on a serial killer potato with ambitions of world domination, it murdered del Toros mother and brothers before stepping outside and being crushed by a car. Del Toro made about 10 short films before his first feature, including one titled Matilde and he also wrote four and directed five episodes of the cult series La Hora Marcada, along with other Mexican filmmakers such as Emmanuel Lubezki and Alfonso Cuarón. Del Toro studied special effects and make-up with special-effects artist Dick Smith and he spent 10 years as a special-effects make-up designer and formed his own company, Necropia. He also co-founded the Guadalajara International Film Festival, later in his directing career, he formed his own production company, the Tequila Gang. In 1997, at the age of 33, Guillermo was given a $30 million budget from Miramax Films to shoot another film, during this time, his father, automotive entrepreneur Federico del Toro, was kidnapped in Guadalajara. Although Federico was eventually released safely, due to economic pressure from his captors. The event prompted del Toro, his parents, and his siblings to move abroad, in an interview with Time magazine, he said this about the kidnapping of his father, Every day, every week, something happens that reminds me that I am an involuntary exile. These two films, The Devils Backbone and Pans Labyrinth, are among his most critically acclaimed works and they share similar settings, protagonists and themes with the 1973 Spanish film The Spirit of the Beehive, widely considered to be the finest Spanish film of the 1970s. Del Toro views the horror genre as political, explaining, Much like fairy tales. One is pro-institution, which is the most reprehensible type of tale, Dont wander into the woods. The other type of fairy tale is completely anarchic and antiestablishment and he is close friends with two other prominent and critically praised Mexican filmmakers Alfonso Cuarón and Alejandro González Iñárritu. The three often influence each others directorial decisions, and have been interviewed together by Charlie Rose, Cuarón was one of the producers of Pans Labyrinth, while Iñárritu assisted in editing the film
5.
Ridley Scott
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Sir Ridley Scott is an English film director and producer. Scott is known for his atmospheric, highly concentrated visual style and his films are also known for their strong female characters. Scott has been nominated for three Academy Awards for Directing, in 1995, both Ridley and his brother Tony received the BAFTA Award for Outstanding British Contribution To Cinema. In 2003, Scott was knighted for his services to the British film industry, in a 2004 BBC poll Scott was named the tenth most influential person in British culture. In 2015 he received a doctorate from the Royal College of Art in London. Scott was born in South Shields, County Durham, North East England, to Elizabeth and he was brought up in an army family, so for most of his early life, his father – an officer in the Royal Engineers – was absent. His elder brother, Frank, joined the British Merchant Navy when he was still young, during this time the family moved around, living in Cumberland in North West England, Wales and Germany. He had a brother, Tony, who also became a film director. He studied at Grangefield Grammar School and West Hartlepool College of Art from 1954 to 1958, Scott went on to study at the Royal College of Art in London, contributing to college magazine ARK and helping to establish the college film department. For his final show, he made a black and white film, Boy and Bicycle. In February 1963 Scott was named in title credits as Designer for the BBC television programme Tonight, about the severe winter of 1963. After graduation in 1963, he secured a job as a set designer with the BBC, leading to work on the popular television police series Z-Cars. He was originally assigned to design the second Doctor Who serial, The Daleks, however, shortly before Scott was due to start work, a schedule conflict meant he was replaced by Raymond Cusick. In 1965, he began directing episodes of series for the BBC, only one of which. In 1968, Ridley and Tony Scott founded Ridley Scott Associates, a nostalgia themed television advertisement that captured the public imagination, it was voted the UKs all-time favourite commercial in a 2006 poll. In the 1970s the Chanel No.5 brand needed revitalisation having run the risk of being labelled as mass market, five members of the Scott family are directors, and all have worked for RSA. His brother Tony was a film director whose career spanned more than two decades, his sons Jake and Luke are both acclaimed directors of commercials, as is his daughter, Jordan Scott. Jake and Jordan both work from Los Angeles, Luke is based in London, in 1995, Shepperton Studios was purchased by a consortium headed by Ridley and Tony Scott, which extensively renovated the studios while also expanding and improving its grounds
6.
National Film and Television School
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The National Film and Television School is a film, television and games school established in 1971 and based at Beaconsfield Studios in Beaconsfield, Buckinghamshire. It is featured in the 2016 ranking by The Hollywood Reporter of the top 15 International film schools and its community of students makes around a hundred and fifty films a year on courses that are over 90% practical and unlike courses offered at other UK film schools. As of 2016 it had over 400 students and about a thousand a year on its short courses. The BBC stated that the NFTS was the centre of excellence for education in film and television programme making. NFTS student films have been nominated for an Oscar three times in the last six years and this is the second consecutive year that two of NFTS students’ graduation films competed for the same prize with A Love Story up against The Alan Dimension directed & co-written by Jac Clinch. NFTS student films are selected for the top film festivals around the world. This year’s highlights include selections at Cannes and Annecy Animation Festival, in 2016 the National Film and Television School won accolades in all three categories in the CILECT Prize, the global film school awards. This year,117 film schools submitted entries, which were voted on by 107 of the major film. NFTS in 2011 The National Film School opened in 1971, the work of four years of planning to create an institution to personnel for the British film industry. Department of Education and Science had in 1967 recommended the creation of a film school for the UK. In 1970 a Scot named Colin Young, then chairing the UCLAs Department of Theater Arts, was appointed as the Schools first director, the NFS bought the old Beaconsfield Film Studios in Buckinghamshire and set about refitting it to professional industry standards. Young established four permanent departments—production, camera, editing and sound—and in 1971 accepted the first intake of 25 students, but by the early 1980s, Young felt this system no longer served the students best interests and a more structured curriculum was introduced. Links with the industry were strengthened to supply collaborative, financial, in the 1980s, the school officially changed its name to the National Film and Television School to incorporate the demand for courses in television production and has since added games to its remit. In 1982 the School launched a project for re-training freelance industry professionals. This led to the establishment of the National Short Course Training Programme, by the early 1990s the school had modified its original stance on course structure, deciding to provide specialisation at the time of entry. The first year still offered a course, followed in the next two years by focused training in one of the ten specialist areas. Colin Young retired in 1992 and was succeeded by Henning Camre, Camre aimed for more balanced numbers in each of the ten specialist areas, creating separate departments with their own head tutors and curricula. Camre was succeeded in 1998 by Stephen Bayly, an NFTS graduate and his first move was to reorganise the curriculum to run over two years, instead of three
7.
Sam Rockwell
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Samuel Sam Rockwell is an American actor known for independent and mainstream films. Rockwell was born in Daly City, California, the son of actors who divorced when he was five years old and he was raised by his father, Pete Rockwell, in San Francisco, while his mother, Penny Hess, lived in New York. He attended San Francisco School of the Arts with Margaret Cho and Aisha Tyler, the school, the actor said, had a reputation as a place stoners went because it was easy to graduate, but the program ended up helping him regain an interest in performing. After appearing in an independent film during his year, he graduated and moved to New York to pursue an acting career. After his debut role in the 1989 horror film Clownhouse, which he filmed when based in San Francisco, he moved to New York and trained at the William Esper Studios and he also appeared as the title character in The Search for One-eye Jimmy. During this time Rockwell worked in restaurants as a busboy and delivered burritos by bicycle, at one point, Rockwell even worked as a private detectives assistant. I tailed a chick who was having an affair and took pictures of her at this motel, a well-paying Miller commercial in 1994 finally allowed him to pursue acting full-time. The turning point in Rockwells career was Tom DiCillos 1996 film Box of Moonlight, in which he played an eccentric man-child who dresses like Davy Crockett, in 1999, Rockwell played prisoner William Wild Bill Wharton in the Stephen King prison drama The Green Mile. At the time of the shooting, Rockwell explained why he was attracted to playing such unlikeable characters. He said, I like that dark stuff, I think heroes should be flawed. Theres a bit of self-loathing in there, and a bit of anger, but after this, Ive really got to play some lawyers, or a British aristocrat, or theyll put a label on me. Rockwells performance was received, and the film received generally positive reviews. He received somewhat mixed reviews as Zaphod Beeblebrox in the 2005 film version of The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy. Who had been considered for his role in The Hitchhikers Guide To The Galaxy, Rockwell appeared in the Iron Man sequel, released in 2010, as Tony Starks rival weapons developer, Justin Hammer. He is said to have accepted the role without reading the script and he had never heard of the character before he was contacted about the part, and was unaware that Hammer is an old man in the comic books. He also starred in the 2008 film Snow Angels opposite Kate Beckinsale and he had worked on several occasions with the comedy troupe Stella, making cameo appearances in their short films and eponymous TV series. Rockwell played Victor Mancini in the film Choke, based on the novel by Chuck Palahniuk. Critic Roger Ebert said of his performance that he seems to have become the version of Christopher Walken – not all the time
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