1.
Mati Klarwein
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Abdul Mati Klarwein was a painter best known for his works used on the covers of music albums. Mati Klarwein was born in Hamburg, Germany and his mother Elsa Kühne was an opera singer and his father Joseph Klarwein was a Brick Expressionist architect and later with the Bauhaus movement. His family was of Jewish origin and they fled to the British Mandate of Palestine when he was two old, after the rise of Nazi Germany. In 1948 when the territory became Israel, his family traveled to Paris, there Mati studied from 1949 to 1951 with Fernand Léger, and attended the art schools École des Beaux-Arts and Académie Julian. In 1956 he met Kitty Lillaz, and traveled with her around-the-world, including Tibet, India, Bali, North Africa, Turkey, Europe, in the early 1960s he settled for a while in New York City, meeting Jimi Hendrix. At a New York exhibition in 1961, organized by Lillaz for the unveiling of the painting Flight to Egypt Klarwein met Salvador Dali for the first time, the same year he met his wife Sofia Klarwein. Among other painters he met more often was Arik Brauer, in 1965, he obtained the French nationality, with the support of Mr. André Malraux. During his time in Saint-Tropez he met Ernst Fuchs, who would have an influence on his technique. Much of Klarweins most famous work is inspired by surrealism and pop culture and he also worked more conventionally across a variety of genres including still life, landscape, and portrait. Despite the hyperbole of this claim, it is true that people would immediately recognize his vivid, colorful style from album covers for Miles Daviss Bitches Brew. During the 60s Klarweins fame grew and some of the decades most progressive musicians used his artwork for their album covers, in his painting Grain of Sand, many disparate images are combined together in one massive, yet oddly coherent work. Klarweins painting Annunciation from 1961 was seen in reproduction by the musician Carlos Santana, in the following years Klarwein produced comparably striking designs for the covers of two Miles Davis albums, Bitches Brew and Live-Evil. His painting Zonked was originally planned as the image for Betty Daviss self-titled album. In 1971 his cover was on the album Last Days and Time by Earth, a cover he made for Jimi Hendrix was used on a single in 1974 and for a compilation in 2010. The association of his images with very successful and widely admired musicians of the time. Many of these paintings, and others, were included in Klarweins first book Milk n Honey, in 1971 he went to Hamburg and created set paintings for the film Herman Hesses Steppenwolf. In the mid-1970s, Klarwein began a series of paintings which he referred to as real-estate paintings or inscapes, in the late 1970s he collaborated with trumpeter Jon Hassell for a couple of albums on Brian Enos Ambient label, these albums used several of Klarweins inscapes on their covers. In the 80s, Klarwein begun to focus on landscape compositions, during the 1980s and 1990s, Klarwein would occasionally search for cheap paintings at flea markets and improve them, painting over them or adding things at his whim
2.
Album
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Album, is a collection of audio recordings issued as a single item on CD, record, audio tape, or another medium. Albums of recorded music were developed in the early 20th century, first as books of individual 78rpm records, vinyl LPs are still issued, though in the 21st century album sales have mostly focused on compact disc and MP3 formats. The audio cassette was a format used from the late 1970s through to the 1990s alongside vinyl, an album may be recorded in a recording studio, in a concert venue, at home, in the field, or a mix of places. Recording may take a few hours to years to complete, usually in several takes with different parts recorded separately. Recordings that are done in one take without overdubbing are termed live, the majority of studio recordings contain an abundance of editing, sound effects, voice adjustments, etc. With modern recording technology, musicians can be recorded in separate rooms or at times while listening to the other parts using headphones. Album covers and liner notes are used, and sometimes additional information is provided, such as analysis of the recording, historically, the term album was applied to a collection of various items housed in a book format. In musical usage the word was used for collections of pieces of printed music from the early nineteenth century. Later, collections of related 78rpm records were bundled in book-like albums, the LP record, or 33 1⁄3 rpm microgroove vinyl record, is a gramophone record format introduced by Columbia Records in 1948. It was adopted by the industry as a standard format for the album. Apart from relatively minor refinements and the important later addition of stereophonic sound capability, the term album had been carried forward from the early nineteenth century when it had been used for collections of short pieces of music. Later, collections of related 78rpm records were bundled in book-like albums, as part of a trend of shifting sales in the music industry, some commenters have declared that the early 21st century experienced the death of the album. Sometimes shorter albums are referred to as mini-albums or EPs, Albums such as Tubular Bells, Amarok, Hergest Ridge by Mike Oldfield, and Yess Close to the Edge, include fewer than four tracks. There are no rules against artists such as Pinhead Gunpowder referring to their own releases under thirty minutes as albums. These are known as box sets, material is stored on an album in sections termed tracks, normally 11 or 12 tracks. A music track is a song or instrumental recording. The term is associated with popular music where separate tracks are known as album tracks. When vinyl records were the medium for audio recordings a track could be identified visually from the grooves
3.
Santana (band)
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Santana is an American Latin rock band formed in San Francisco, California in 1966 by Mexican-American guitarist Carlos Santana. The band first came to public attention when their performance of Soul Sacrifice at Woodstock in 1969 provided a contrast to other acts on the bill. This exposure helped propel their first album, also named Santana, into a hit, in the years that followed, lineup changes were common. Carlos Santanas increasing involvement with guru Sri Chinmoy took the band into more esoteric music, though never quite losing its initial Latin influence. In 1998, Santana was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, with Carlos Santana, Jose Chepito Areas, David Brown, Gregg Rolie, Mike Carabello, the band has earned nine Grammy Awards and three Latin Grammy Awards, the latter all in 2000. Carlos also won a Grammy Award as a solo artist in 1988, Santana has sold more than 90 million records worldwide, making them one of the worlds best-selling groups of all time. In 2013, Santana announced a reunion of the classic line-up for a new record, Santana IV and they are tied for having the most won Grammys in one night. The band was formed in 1966 in San Francisco as the Santana Blues Band with the help of Tom Fraser, the first established members were Carlos Santana, Marcus Malone, Rod Harper, Gus Rodriguez and Gregg Rolie. The groups first audition with this line up was at the Avalon Ballroom in the summer of 1967. Ahead of Woodstock, Bill Graham was asked to help with logistics, Bill agreed to lend his help only if a new band he was championing, an unknown band called Santana was added to the bill. Santana was announced as one of the performers at the Woodstock Festival, the band started recording their 1969 debut album Santana in May 1969 and finished it in a month. Later that month, they released their album, which peaked at number 4 on the US Billboard 200 pop chart with the single Evil Ways being a top 10 single in the US. Santana went on tour to promote their debut LP and started work on their next, work began in mid-April 1970 at Wally Heider Studios in San Francisco and was completed in early May 1970. From January to July 1971 Santana worked on Santana III, released in September 1971, the album also reached number 1 on the US Billboard 200. At the peak of the popularity, the album was the last to feature its classic Woodstock era line-up. Before recording their fourth album Caravanserai, there had been multiple line-up changes, bassist David Brown left in 1971 before recording started and was replaced by Doug Rauch and Tom Rutley. Percussionist Michael Carabello left Santana and was replaced with two percussionists, Armando Peraza and Mingo Lewis, keyboardist/vocalist Gregg Rolie was replaced by Tom Coster on a few songs. Caravanserai debuted at number 8 on the pop charts, despite not spawning a hit single,13 months after Caravanserai, Santana released Welcome
4.
Wally Heider Studios
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Wally Heider Studios was a recording studio in San Francisco, California between 1969 and 1980, started by recording engineer and studio owner Wally Heider. In 1978, Heider sold the studio and its name to Filmways, but remained as manager until 1980 when Filmways sold it to a composed of Dan Alexander, Tom Sharples. The three partners renamed the business Hyde Street Studios, which is still a recording studio as of 2013. Heider and his crew were well known for making excellent studio and remote location recordings. Two years earlier, in 1967, Heider had been involved in recording at the Monterey Pop Festival. The studios were built by Dave Mancini, who built his own studio in the San Fernando Valley. Heider planned four studios—A and B on the floor and C and D upstairs. However, studio B was never finished and instead became a game room and he designed the console with 24 channels and an 8-channel monitor and cue—replicated in both the Studio 3 setup in Los Angeles and the remote truck. Monitor speakers were Altec 604-Es with McIntosh 275 tube power amps and they completed Studio C first and it began operating in May 1969 with staff that included General Manager Mel Tanner, Booking Agent Ginger Mews, Technician Harry Sitam, and Staff Engineer Russ Gary. Its dimensions were similar to Heiders Studio 3 in Hollywood—though its control room, the walls were kept from being parallel with square gypsum devices that were used as mid-range sound diffusers and absorbers. At the Grateful Deads request, its doors were covered with airbrushed paintings. Studios A and D became operational a few months later, between 1969 and 1970, many other high-profile acts followed, including Harry Nilsson, Crosby Stills Nash and Young, the Steve Miller Band. Creedence Clearwater Revival recorded several albums in that room, and named their record, engineers and staff of that era also included Bill Halverson, Stephen Barncard, and Glyn Johns. While Crosby Stills Nash and Young were recording, studio D opened and it was an exact replica of Heiders Hollywood Studio 3. Among its first uses was to record Jerry Garcia’s steel guitar overdub for Teach Your Children, while the recording setup was kept intact in studio C. In that same period, Deane Jensen supervised installation of a new Quad Eight console in studio A. Santana, CBS Records had a priority lease on Studio D for a year, before eventually taking over Coast Recorders as their west coast recording facility. Wally Heider Recording,1604 N. Cahuenga Blvd, Hollywood also known as Wally Heiders Studio 3,6371 Selma Ave, Los Angeles also known as Filmways-Heider Recording,1604 N. Cahuenga Blvd
5.
Latin rock
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Latin rock is a term to describe a music subgenre consisting in melting traditional sounds and elements of Latin American and Caribbean folk with rock music. However, it is used in the English-language media to refer any kind of rock music featuring Spanish or Portuguese vocals. This fact lead into a controversy about the scope of the terminology, Latin rock should not be confused with Rock music from Latin America or Rock en español. Its also closely related to the Latin alternative scene an often used to refer the same phenomenon. Rock music originated from African-American rhythm and blues, also, there was some influence of the traditional Latin music on it. Caribbean rhythms like calypso were remarkable on surf music, and there were some rock, Latin Rock was born in the United States at late 1950s. In 1958 and adaptation of a Mexican folk song called “La bamba” by the rock artist Ritchie Valens. That same year, instrumental rock band The Champs released Tequila, also the rise of the chicano rock in California joined, although not all of them could be considered as early Latin rock artists since many of them lacked the Latin folk influences. In 1969, after the release of the album by Santana, Latin rock appeared in the US. They treated to describe the music style as a fusion of Latin American and Caribbean rhythms, soul, jazz, funk, blues, psychedelia and rhythm. The genre arrived also in Europe, with the Spaniards Barrabás, Dutch Massada, meanwhile, Reggae music achieved a great success around the world. This rhythm originated in Jamaica arose during the 1960s, evolving from ska, rocksteady, since its origins along with rock music and rhythm and blues with Jamaican folk rhythms, the Caribbean and Continental Latin America elements influenced the scene. Nevertheless, Reggae or Ska have never considered as part of the Latin Rock, on the other hand, Disco Music also influenced Latin rock during the 1970s. After punk eclosion at late 1970s, the genre also was influenced by other music styles. Some British punk and new acts like The Clash included elements that could be considered as latin in Sandinista. Other bands such as Bow Wow Wow, Gang Of Four, in Spain, Los Coyotes, Los Mestizos and Radio Futura, that had been emerged as new wave and post-punk acts, finally got influenced by Latin music at mid 1980s. Spain would go on producing some Latin acts like Macaco, Amparanoia or Jarabe de Palo, in France, bands like Les Negresses Vertes played a fusion of rock with World music including Latin elements. But Manu Chao was the success of the Latin rock in France with the band Mano Negra with a style that would be known later as Latin alternative
6.
Chicano rock
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Chicano rock is rock music performed by Mexican American groups or music with themes derived from Chicano culture. Chicano Rock, to an extent, does not refer to any single style or approach. Some of these groups do not sing in Spanish at all, Chicano rock is the distinctive style of rock and roll music performed by Mexican Americans from East L. A. and Southern California that contains themes of their cultural experiences. There are two undercurrents in Chicano rock, one is a devotion to the original rhythm and blues and country roots of Rock and roll. Chicano rock n roll star Ritchie Valens, was a Mexican-American singer and songwriter influential in the Chicano rock movement and he recorded numerous hits during his short career, most notably the 1958 hit La Bamba. Valens died at age 17 in a crash with fellow musicians Buddy Holly. The tragedy was later immortalized as the day the music died in the song American Pie, another characteristic is the openness to Latin American sounds and influences. Los Lobos in particular alternates between R&B/roots rock and the Tex-Mex/Latin rock style, the 1958 hit song Tequila. was written and sung by the saxophone player Danny Flores and performed by The Champs. Flores, who died in September 2006, was known as the Godfather of Latino Rock, groups like Ozomatli and Quetzal had led the new wave of Latin Rock groups that fuse multiple musical genres. Ozomatli has been mixing rock, hip-hop, funk, cumbia and they do not have a category for Ozomatli because they mix genres and music together to where they are one, much like how they have spread their music around the globe. Their song “City of Angels, ” has presented Latino rock on the lands of America and has spread in the state of California. Quetzal, the band from the barrios of East Los Angeles has been creating heartfelt Latin folk. The band combines rock, Afro-Cuban, country blues, and jazz elements to support the wide-ranging, bilingual, the retro-futuristic mix has garnered praise from critics the LA Times calls them a world-class act and support from such luminaries as Los Lobos. Quetzal simultaneously forges a sound that makes you dance and contemplate change, another musician to consider includes Robert Lopez aka El Vez-The Mexican Elvis. Robert Lopez aka El Vez started operating an art gallery called “La Luz de Jesus”, since Lopez’s impersonator did not meet his expectation El Vez was created. El Vez’s first performance was in Memphis, Tennessee on August 16,1989, Lopez started making karaoke tapes while running his gallery. Most of his music does not include sacred topics, but it doesn’t mean he doesn’t respect them. His goal is to blur the line between what is sacred and profane allowing him to have wide age range in his audience and he has been releasing albums since 1994 continuing to use satire and humor in his songs to express revolutionary views. His lyrics are like history lessons containing strong, clear, radical message. Some teachers and professors use his music to teach history, Dick Hugg and KRLA1110 played a big role in promoting this music
7.
Psychedelic rock
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Many psychedelic groups differ in style, and the label is often used indiscriminately. Musically, the effects may be represented via novelty studio tricks, electronic or non-Western instrumentation, disjunctive song structures, some of the earlier 1960s psychedelic rock musicians were based in folk, jazz, and the blues, while others showcased an explicit Indian classical influence called raga rock. In the 1960s, there existed two main variants of the genre, the whimsical British pop-psychedelia, and the harder American West Coast acid rock. While acid rock is often deployed interchangeably with the psychedelic rock, it can also refer more specifically to the heavier. The genre bridged the transition from early blues- and folk-based rock to rock and hard rock. Since the late 1970s it has revived in various forms of neo-psychedelia. The term psychedelic was first coined in 1956 by psychiatrist Humphry Osmond as a descriptor for hallucinogenic drugs in the context of psychedelic psychotherapy. As the countercultural scene developed in San Francisco, the acid rock. In the popular music of the early 1960s, it was common for producers, songwriters, and engineers to freely experiment with form, arrangements, unnatural reverb. Some of the best known examples are Phil Spectors Wall of Sound production formula, there was no transition to be made. You go from things like Flying Purple People Eater to I Am the Walrus, music critic Richie Unterberger says that attempts to pin down the first psychedelic record are therefore nearly as elusive as trying to name the first rock & roll record. Some of the far-fetched claims include the instrumental Telstar and the Dave Clark Fives massively reverb-laden Any Way You Want It, the first mention of LSD on a rock record was the Gamblers 1960 surf instrumental LSD25. American folk singer Bob Dylan was an influence on mid 1960s rock music. He led directly to the creation of rock and the psychedelic rock musicians that followed. Molly Longman of mic. com writes that, in terms of bridging the relationship between music and hallucinogens, the Beatles and the Beach Boys were the eras most pivotal acts. The considerable success enjoyed by these two bands allowed them the freedom to experiment with new technology over entire albums. In Unterbergers opinion, the Byrds, emerging from the Californian folk scene, with their ominous minor key melodies, hyperactive instrumental breaks, and use of Gregorian chants. In the songs lyric, the requests, Take me on a trip upon your magic swirling ship
8.
Blues rock
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Blues rock is a fusion genre combining elements of blues and rock. It is mostly an electric ensemble-style music with similar to electric blues. From its beginnings in the early- to mid-1960s, blues rock has gone through several stylistic shifts and along the way inspired hard rock, Southern rock, Blues rock continues to be an influence, with performances and recordings by several popular artists. Blues rock started with rock musicians in the United Kingdom and the United States performing American blues songs. They typically recreated electric Chicago-style blues songs, such as those by Muddy Waters, Jimmy Reed, Howlin Wolf, and Albert King, at faster tempos and with a more aggressive sound common to rock. In the UK, the style was popularized by such as the Rolling Stones, the Yardbirds, and the Animals. In the US, Lonnie Mack, the Paul Butterfield Blues Band, in the US, Johnny Winter, the Allman Brothers Band, and ZZ Top represented a hard rock trend. Although around this time, AllMusic commented, the lines between rock and hard rock were barely visible, there was a return to more blues-influenced styles. Groups, such as the Jon Spencer Blues Explosion and the White Stripes, brought an edgier, more diverse style into the 2000s, Blues rock bands borrow the idea of an instrumental combo and loud amplification from rock & roll. It is also played at a fast tempo, again distinguishing it from the blues. The core blues rock sound is created by the guitar, bass guitar. Often bands also included a harmonica, usually called a harp, the electric guitar is usually amplified through a tube guitar amplifier or using an overdrive effect. While 1950s-era blues bands would still use the upright bass, the blues rock bands of the 1960s used the electric bass. Keyboard instruments, such as the piano and Hammond organ, are occasionally used. As with the guitar, the sound of the Hammond organ is typically amplified with a tube amplifier. Vocals also typically play a key role, although the vocals may be equal in importance or even subordinate to the guitar playing. As well, a number of rock pieces are instrumental-only. Blues-rock pieces often follow typical blues structures, such as blues, sixteen-bar blues
