The acanthus is one of the most common plant forms to make foliage ornament and decoration in the architectural tradition emanating from Greece and Rome.
Timeline of acanthus styles: a) Greek; b) Roman; c) Byzantine; d) Romanesque; e & f) Gothic; g) Renaissance; h & i) Baroque; j & k) Rococo
Acanthus mollis leaf; in both this and A. spinosus the leaf forms are rather variable
Reconstructed Corinthian capital, with original colours
The Composite order is a mixed order, combining the volutes of the Ionic order capital with the acanthus leaves of the Corinthian order. In many versions the composite order volutes are larger, however, and there is generally some ornament placed centrally between the volutes. The column of the composite order is typically ten diameters high, though as with all the orders these details may be adjusted by the architect for particular buildings. The Composite order is essentially treated as Corinthian except for the capital, with no consistent differences to that above or below the capital.
The Five Orders illustrated by Vignola, 1641
Unlike the Composite capital, this Ionic capital has a different appearance from the front and sides
Roman Composite columns of the Library of Celsus, Ephesus, Turkey, unknown architect, c.110 AD