The Actors Studio is a membership organization for professional actors, theatre directors and playwrights at 432 West 44th Street between Ninth and Tenth Avenues in the Hell's Kitchen neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. It was founded on October 5, 1947, by Elia Kazan, Cheryl Crawford and Robert Lewis, who provided training for actors who were members. Lee Strasberg joined and took the helm in 1951 until his death on February 17, 1982; the Studio is best known for its work teaching method acting. The approach was developed by the Group Theatre in the 1930s based on the innovations of Konstantin Stanislavski. While at the Studio, actors work together to develop their skills in a private environment where they can take risks as performers without the pressure of commercial roles; as of May 2018, the studio's co-presidents are Alec Baldwin and Al Pacino. The Artistic Director in New York, is Beau Gravitte, the Associate Artistic Director in New York is Estelle Parsons. After an initial meeting held on October 5, 1947, at the Labor Stage, located at 106 W. 39th Street, in which goals and ground rules of the new organization were discussed, the studio opened for business the following day at the Union Methodist Episcopal Church, located at 229 West 48th Street home to the Actors Kitchen and Lounge, long a source of rental rehearsal space for local theatrical producers.

Before settling in its current location in 1955, the Studio moved over an eight-year period: In January 1948, it was a dance studio on East 59th Street. In April of that year, a move to the CBS Building at 1697 Broadway, near 53rd Street, established some semblance of stability. From that point, the old Theatre Guild rehearsal rooms on the top floor of the ANTA Theatre became home, as they would remain until October 1954, when theatre renovations reduced the Studio to renting space twice a week; this it did at the Malin Studios at 1545 Broadway, room 610. This arrangement continued throughout the 1954–1955 theatrical season as the Studio was acquiring and renovating its current venue. In 1955 it moved to its current location in the former West Forty-fourth Street United Presbyterian Church, a Greek Revival structure, built for the Seventh Associate Presbyterian Church in 1858 or 1859, it was one of the last churches to be built in that style in New York City. From September 1994 through May 2005, the Studio collaborated with The New School in the education of masters-level theatre students at the Actors Studio Drama School.

After ending its contract with the New School, the Actor's Studio established The Actors Studio Drama School at Pace University in 2006. Inside the Actors Studio Notes Further reading ArticlesGerard, Jeremy "Frank Corsaro to Head Actors Studio," The New York Times Heimer, Mel, "My New York" Rochester Sentinel p. 2 Kleiner, Dick "The Actors Studio: Making Stars Out of the Unknown," Sarasota Journal p. 26 Pogrebin, Robin "Pacino and Keitel To Lead the Actors Studio," The New York Times Seligsohn, Leo "Actors Studio Needs Cash Birthday Gift," Sarasota Herald-Tribune p. 6-B Smith, Liz "Controversy Engulfs Actors Studio As Anna Strasberg Resigns," Sarasota Herald-Tribune p. 4-CBooksFrome, Shelly The Actors Studio: a History. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland. ISBN 0-7864-1073-6 Garfield, David A Player's Place: The Story of the Actors Studio. New York: MacMillan. ISBN 0-02-542650-8 Hirsch, Foster A Method to their Madness: The History of the Actors Studio. New York: WW Norton & Co Inc. ISBN 0-393-01783-4 Official website PBS American Masters Series profile Inside the Actors Studio The Actors Studio MFA Program at Pace University Audio collection of the Actors Studio from 1956–69 at the Wisconsin Historical Society A brief history of the Actors Studio, including Lee Strasberg on its origin and purpose.

David Garfield research files on the Actors Studio, 1947–2003, held by the Billy Rose Theatre Division, New York Public Library for the Performing Arts

David L. "Dave" Budd is a retired American basketball player who played for the National Basketball Association's New York Knicks. Budd attended Woodbury Junior-Senior High School. By sophomore year, it was evident. Standing at 6'6" and weighing close to 200 pounds, Budd was a imposing player, he possessed technical skills comparable to a point guard and blossomed into a star. Throughout his high school career, Budd was mentored by Woodbury Junior High School teacher and assistant basketball coach Joe Colone. Colone was a former NBA player for the New York Knicks and could provide excellent coaching and tips to prepare Budd for playing collegiate basketball. Under Colone's tutelage, he earned two first team All-Colonial Conference selections during his junior and senior years as well as an All-South Jersey selection his senior year, his talent interested many colleges, but Budd chose to play at Wake Forest University. After graduating high school in 1956, Budd went on to play for Division I Wake Forest University.

Due to NCAA rules, freshmen in college were not allowed to play varsity basketball. When he became an eligible sophomore during the 1957–58 season, he played in 23 games, averaging 15.8 points per game on a 47.5 field goal percentage as a forward. He grabbed 8.5 rebounds per game and shot 66.8% from the charity stripe. Assists were not yet tracked in college, his junior year campaign saw him play in average 14.6 ppg on 43.2 % shooting. Budd snatched 8.6 rebounds per game and had a 66.8 free throw %. As a senior, he played in all 28 games while averaging a career-high 10.0 rpg. Shot 49.7% from the field and 72.7% from the free throw line. Budd played with future NBA broadcaster Billy Packer during his senior season, he was a tough but not dirty and got placed on probation for fighting, following the infamous Wake Forest-UNC brawl at Winston-Salem in 1959. Wake Forest's new all-purpose exercise facility, the Kenneth D. Miller Center, is home to a basketball gym on the third floor, used as an extra practice court for both the men's and women's basketball teams.

It is named the Dave Budd Gymnasium in his honor. For his career, Budd played in 75 contests and held career averages of 13.5 points & 9.1 rebounds per game as well as a 46.6 FG% and 69.2 FT%. Second Team All-ACC as a sophomore and senior. Named the team's Most Valuable Player following both his sophomore and junior campaigns. Voted team captain for sophomore season; as a senior, led the Demon Deacons to win the first of two consecutive ACC conference titles. Recorded 682 rebounds Scored 1,014 career points in just three seasons After enjoying success at the college level, Budd was drafted after his senior year by the New York Knicks in 1960, he was the 10th overall selection in the second round. He was drafted the same year that Oscar Robertson and Jerry West were picked No. 1 and #2, respectively. Though never an All-Star, Budd did enjoy moderate success while playing at the highest level. One of his claims to fame was that he was one of the three centers for the Knicks that attempted to guard Wilt Chamberlain on the night of his record-setting 100-point performance.

On that night, Budd was the only opponent who mustered a double-double, scoring 13 points and grabbing 10 rebounds in 27 minutes. On that same night, Budd was the only other player in the game to collect a double digit number of rebounds. Budd is the only person from Woodbury, NJ to play in the NBA, wore No. 10 as his jersey number. I had moderate success for short periods of time. You couldn't play him conventionally; the only thing you could attempt to do was either front him, in that case they'd try to lob it in to him, or beat him down the floor and set up where he wanted to get and force him out a couple of extra steps. The guy weighed 300 or 270, so that wasn't easy, either. Ranked 6th in the league in field goal percentage during the 1962–63 season. Ranked 9th in the league in true shooting percentage during the 1962–63 season

Kommune Niederkaufungen is one of the largest intentional communities in Germany. Founded in 1986, it is an egalitarian, left-wing, income-sharing commune with consensus decision-making, it is situated in a complex of former farm buildings in the historic centre of the village of Niederkaufungen, seven kilometres from the city of Kassel. It has grown from 15 founder members to nearly 20 children and teenagers, it is the German network of political communes and egalitarian communities. The Kommune Niederkaufungen has a set of five main core principles; these were formulated in a pamphlet in 1983, the "Grundsatzpapier". They are: left-wing politics, consensus decision making, a communal income sharing economy, a reduction of hierarchical and patriarchal structures, work in collectives. Although not explicitly listed as a core principle in the "Grundsatzpapier", ecological ideas have been important since the start. A wish to become ecologically and economically sustainable is expressed in the pamphlet and is seen as the sixth commune core principle.

In addition, the wish to find a site near but not in a city was expressed in this "vision document", as was the further aim to reach a membership of 100 adult members. Nearly all members of the commune work in commune owned collectives; these include a carpentry and joinery workshop, a seminar centre, offering courses on communal themes, a group of non-violent communication trainers, a building firm, a smithing / metal workshop, an organic food catering firm, a certified "Bioland" organic market garden with farm shop, a fruit / orchard collective an EU certified organic dairy farm with cheese making, a kindergarten, an administration and community consultancy group, a day-care centre for old people, a physiotherapy practice. Each work collective decides independently on work responsibilities and holidays. Members of the commune live in eleven living groups of between ten people. Two groups are explicitly women's living groups. One is a men's group; the others are mixed. Each individual communard has his own room.

Other facilities in the living group are shared. Each living group organises its own household affairs. Most living groups have regular group meetings and some take holidays together; as part of the attempt to reduce the ecological footprint of the commune, various technological measures have been taken in the last few years. These are: Cogeneration. Construction of a gas-fueled domestic combined heat and power plant, Testing of two small log burning central heating stoves. At the end of the test period, installation of two large log burning central heating plants for winter heating, using left-over regional firewood, Installation of a building integrated photovoltaic plant with c. 59 kilowatt maximum output. Construction of a solar panel on a residential building for warm water in summer, Rainwater harvesting: Two rainwater cisterns containing up to 41,000 litres, for use in washing machines and gardens, Various energy and water saving devices have been installed, including energy saving light-bulbs and domestic appliances, water saving devices on taps and toilets, thermal insulation on and in buildings, replacement of single glazing with double glazing.

Kommune Niederkaufungen in German Kommune Niederkaufungen in English The "Grundsatzpapier" FIC Community directory entry Intentional Communities Wiki The Center for Nonviolent Communication University of Kassel survey about sustainability in intentional communities Bioland Organic Farming Association