Adam Czerniaków was a Polish engineer and senator who was head of the Warsaw Ghetto Jewish Council during World War II. He committed suicide on 23 July 1942 by swallowing a cyanide pill, a day after t
Adam Czerniaków (before 1939)
Tenement house at 20 Chłodna Street in Warsaw, home to Adam Czerników from 13 December 1941 till his death.
Jewish council building at 26/28 Grzybowska Street, Warsaw where Czerniaków committed suicide on 23 July 1942
Chaim Mordechaj Rumkowski was the head of the Jewish Council of Elders in the Łódź Ghetto appointed by Nazi Germany during the German occupation of Poland.
Adam Czerniaków
…Julian Tuwim, a nephew of Adam Czerniaków Chaim Rumkowski, Jewish Council's head in the Łódź Ghetto Hilberg, Raul (1999). The Warsaw Diary of Adam Czerniakow: Prelude to Doom. Chicago, IL: Ivan R. Dee. ISBN…
Chaim Rumkowski (left) and Hans Biebow (right) in the Łódź Ghetto, c. 1940–1944
Before the war, Rumkowski directed a Jewish orphanage in Łódź.
Chaim Rumkowski in the Łódź Ghetto, tasting soup.
Chaim Rumkowski delivering a speech in the ghetto, 1941–42