1.
Miami
–
Miami is a seaport city at the southeastern corner of the U. S. state of Florida and its Atlantic coast. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, Miamis metro area is the eighth-most populous, Miami is a major center, and a leader in finance, commerce, culture, media, entertainment, the arts, and international trade. In 2012, Miami was classified as an Alpha−World City in the World Cities Study Groups inventory, in 2010, Miami ranked seventh in the United States in terms of finance, commerce, culture, entertainment, fashion, education, and other sectors. It ranked 33rd among global cities, in 2008, Forbes magazine ranked Miami Americas Cleanest City, for its year-round good air quality, vast green spaces, clean drinking water, clean streets, and citywide recycling programs. According to a 2009 UBS study of 73 world cities, Miami was ranked as the richest city in the United States, Miami is nicknamed the Capital of Latin America and is the largest city with a Cuban-American plurality. Miami has the third tallest skyline in the U. S. with over 300 high-rises, Downtown Miami is home to the largest concentration of international banks in the United States, and many large national and international companies. The Civic Center is a center for hospitals, research institutes, medical centers. For more than two decades, the Port of Miami, known as the Cruise Capital of the World, has been the number one cruise port in the world. It accommodates some of the worlds largest cruise ships and operations, Metropolitan Miami is the major tourism hub in the American South, number two in the U. S. after New York City and number 13 in the world, including the popular destination of Miami Beach. The Miami area was inhabited for thousands of years by indigenous Native American tribes, the Tequestas occupied the area for a thousand years before encountering Europeans. An Indian village of hundreds of people dating to 500–600 B. C. was located at the mouth of the Miami River, in 1566 the explorer, Pedro Menéndez de Avilés, claimed it for Spain. A Spanish mission was constructed one year later in 1567, Spain and Great Britain successively controlled Florida, and Spain ceded it to the United States in 1821. In 1836, the US built Fort Dallas as part of its development of the Florida Territory and attempt to suppress, the Miami area subsequently became a site of fighting during the Second Seminole War. Miami is noted as the major city in the United States conceived by a woman, Julia Tuttle, a local citrus grower. The Miami area was known as Biscayne Bay Country in the early years of its growth. In the late 19th century, reports described the area as a promising wilderness, the area was also characterized as one of the finest building sites in Florida. The Great Freeze of 1894–95 hastened Miamis growth, as the crops of the Miami area were the ones in Florida that survived. Julia Tuttle subsequently convinced Henry Flagler, a tycoon, to expand his Florida East Coast Railway to the region
Miami
–
From top, left to right: Skyline of
Downtown,
Freedom Tower,
Villa Vizcaya,
Miami Tower,
Virginia Key Beach,
Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts,
AmericanAirlines Arena,
PortMiami, the Moon over Miami
Miami
–
The
Freedom Tower of 1925 is Miami's historical
landmark.
Miami
–
Approximately 400 men voted for Miami's incorporation in 1896 in the building to the left.
Miami
–
The mouth of the
Miami River at
Brickell Key
2.
Florida
–
Florida /ˈflɒrᵻdə/ is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, Florida is the 22nd-most extensive, the 3rd-most populous, and the 8th-most densely populated of the U. S. states. Jacksonville is the most populous municipality in the state and is the largest city by area in the contiguous United States, the Miami metropolitan area is Floridas most populous urban area. The city of Tallahassee is the state capital, much of the state is at or near sea level and is characterized by sedimentary soil. The climate varies from subtropical in the north to tropical in the south, the American alligator, American crocodile, Florida panther, and manatee can be found in the Everglades National Park. It was a location of the Seminole Wars against the Native Americans. Today, Florida is distinctive for its large Cuban expatriate community and high population growth, the states economy relies mainly on tourism, agriculture, and transportation, which developed in the late 19th century. Florida is also renowned for amusement parks, orange crops, the Kennedy Space Center, Florida has attracted many writers such as Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, Ernest Hemingway and Tennessee Williams, and continues to attract celebrities and athletes. It is internationally known for golf, tennis, auto racing, by the 16th century, the earliest time for which there is a historical record, major Native American groups included the Apalachee, the Timucua, the Ais, the Tocobaga, the Calusa and the Tequesta. Florida was the first part of the continental United States to be visited and settled by Europeans, the earliest known European explorers came with the Spanish conquistador Juan Ponce de León. Ponce de León spotted and landed on the peninsula on April 2,1513 and he named the region La Florida. The story that he was searching for the Fountain of Youth is a myth, in May 1539, Conquistador Hernando de Soto skirted the coast of Florida, searching for a deep harbor to land. He described seeing a wall of red mangroves spread mile after mile, some reaching as high as 70 feet. Very soon, many smokes appeared along the whole coast, billowing against the sky, the Spanish introduced Christianity, cattle, horses, sheep, the Spanish language, and more to Florida. Both the Spanish and French established settlements in Florida, with varying degrees of success, in 1559, Don Tristán de Luna y Arellano established a settlement at present-day Pensacola, making it the first attempted settlement in Florida, but it was abandoned by 1561. Spain maintained tenuous control over the region by converting the tribes to Christianity. The area of Spanish Florida diminished with the establishment of English settlements to the north, the English attacked St. Augustine, burning the city and its cathedral to the ground several times. Florida attracted numerous Africans and African-Americans from adjacent British colonies who sought freedom from slavery, in 1738, Governor Manuel de Montiano established Fort Gracia Real de Santa Teresa de Mose near St
Florida
–
St. Augustine is the oldest city in the U.S., established in 1565 by Spain.
Florida
–
Flag
Florida
–
Aerial view of
Castillo De San Marcos (Florida).
Florida
–
The five flags of Florida from the right,
Spain (1565–1763), the
Kingdom of Great Britain, Spain (1784–1821), the
Confederacy, and the United States. France (flag not shown) also controlled part of Florida.
3.
Metromover
–
Metromover is a free mass transit automated people mover train system operated by Miami-Dade Transit in Miami, Florida, United States. Metromover serves the Downtown Miami, Brickell, Park West and Omni neighborhoods, Metromover connects directly with Metrorail at Government Center and Brickell stations. It also connects to Metrobus with dedicated bus loops at Government Center and it originally began service to the Downtown/Inner Loop on April 17,1986, and was later expanded with the Omni and Brickell Loop extensions on May 26,1994. The Metromover serves primarily as a way to travel within the greater Downtown Miami neighborhoods. The system is composed of three loops and 21 stations, the stations are located approximately two blocks away from each other, and connect near all major buildings and places in the Downtown area. Together with Metrorail, the system has seen steady ridership growth per annum, in 1987, the then just one year old people mover system set a record in daily ridership of 33,053 on a Saturday attributed to the new Bayside Marketplace. That same year was when the planning began to extend the system to Brickell and Omni, until November 2002 when the half-penny transit tax was approved, the Metromover had a fare of 25 cents. However, ridership fell with the subsequent economic downturn and high unemployment in the half of the decade. By 2012, ridership had once again increased with population, high gas prices. When the Omni and Brickell extensions were first planned, it was estimated that ridership on the system would reach 43,000 daily by 2000. There are 21 accessible Metromover stations located throughout Downtown Miami and Brickell roughly every two blocks, the Metromover links all of Downtown and Brickells major office buildings, residential buildings, hotels, and retail centers. Major attractions such as the Stephen P, running clockwise, the Downtown Loop serves all Downtown stations except Third Street station. The Outer Loop runs counterclockwise and share tracks around the downtown area, the Brickell loop runs a line into the Brickell area to the south of downtown, while the Omni Loop contains a line with stations in the Omni neighborhood north of Downtown. The inner loop generally runs tandem two car trains while the outer loops only run with single cars, with the often crowded Brickell loop, this may be due to the fact that it has significant grades where it approaches Riverwalk station and crosses the Miami River. Each car can carry over 90 passengers, all loops run from 5 am to just after midnight, from Sunday to Thursday. On Friday and Saturday nights, service is extended until 2 am and this schedule is adjusted during events. Trains on the Inner Loop run in tandem and arrive every 90 seconds during rush hours, Outer Loop trains arrive every 5 to 6 minutes, every 2.5 to 3 minutes where the track is shared. Port of Miami, In May 2011, a study was proposed to analyze the idea of extending the Metromover to the PortMiami and this, with Metrorail and the new MIA Mover would create a direct rail transit link from the airport to the seaport
Metromover
–
Outer Loop Metromover train departing
Bayfront Park in Downtown on
Biscayne Boulevard
Metromover
–
One of the newest Metromover cars heading towards First Street station
Metromover
–
A Metromover train in the Downtown Loop at
Wilkie D. Ferguson, Jr.
Metromover
–
A Metromover car at Government Center station
4.
Seating capacity
–
Seating capacity is the number of people who can be seated in a specific space, in terms of both the physical space available, and limitations set by law. Seating capacity can be used in the description of anything ranging from an automobile that seats two to a stadium that seats hundreds of thousands of people. The International Fire Code, portions of which have adopted by many jurisdictions, is directed more towards the use of a facility than the construction. It specifies, For areas having fixed seating without dividing arms and it also requires that every public venue submit a detailed site plan to the local fire code official, including details of the means of egress, seating capacity, arrangement of the seating. Once safety considerations have been satisfied, determinations of seating capacity turn on the size of the venue. For sports venues, the decision on maximum seating capacity is determined by several factors, chief among these are the primary sports program and the size of the market area. Seating capacity of venues also plays a role in what media they are able to provide, in contracting to permit performers to use a theatre or other performing space, the seating capacity of the performance facility must be disclosed. Seating capacity may influence the kind of contract to be used, the seating capacity must also be disclosed to the copyright owner in seeking a license for the copyrighted work to be performed in that venue. Venues that may be leased for private functions such as ballrooms and auditoriums generally advertise their seating capacity, seating capacity is also an important consideration in the construction and use of sports venues such as stadiums and arenas. The seating capacity for restaurants is reported as covers, a restaurant that can seat 99 is said to have 99 covers, seating capacity differs from total capacity, which describes the total number of people who can fit in a venue or in a vehicle either sitting or standing. Use of the term public capacity indicates that a venue is allowed to more people than it can actually seat. Again, the total number of people can refer to either the physical space available or limitations set by law
Seating capacity
–
The
Indianapolis Motor Speedway has the largest seating capacity of any venue in the world.
Seating capacity
–
An aerial view of the
Melbourne Cricket Ground during the 1992
Cricket World Cup final packed with 90,000 people.
5.
Geographic coordinate system
–
A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911, the latitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the equator, the north pole is 90° N, the south pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the equator, the plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the longitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses, which converge at the north and south poles, the prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E, the combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule, the origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km south of Tema, Ghana. To completely specify a location of a feature on, in, or above Earth. Earth is not a sphere, but a shape approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the equator about 0. 3% larger than the radius measured through the poles, the shorter axis approximately coincides with the axis of rotation
Geographic coordinate system
–
Longitude lines are perpendicular and latitude lines are parallel to the equator.
6.
Biscayne Boulevard
–
U. S. Highway 1 in Florida runs 545 miles along the states east coast from Key West to its crossing of the St. Marys River into Georgia north of Boulogne, and south of Folkston. US1 was designated through Florida when the United States Numbered Highway System was established in 1926, the road is maintained by the Florida Department of Transportation. From its national terminus in Key West, US1 carries the Overseas Highway—the Keys main highway north to the mainland. North of Jacksonville, US1 curves inland towards the St. Marys River as it enters Georgia. /US17 in Jacksonville to the Georgia state line near Boulogne, among other designations, US1 is a designated Blue Star Memorial Highway along its entire route through the state. Markers are placed at locations, including one in Rockledge. US1 officially begins at the Monroe County courthouse at the intersection of Whitehead and Fleming Streets and it proceeds south as Whitehead Street, a two-laned street, until the intersection with Truman Avenue, which takes it east through central Key West. Truman Avenue becomes North Roosevelt Boulevard about a mile east, and remains so until leaving the island, the road follows the northern shore of this section of Key West, then after curving southward, it meets State Road A1A head-on at a T-intersection before continuing east. This intersection also marks the terminus of the Overseas Highway. The highway expands to four lanes as it crosses the Bahia Honda Bridge, after Little Duck Key, US1 enters Knights Key, Boot Key, Key Vaca and the town of Marathon via the Seven Mile Bridge, thus leaving the lower Keys. US1 runs through Marathon as a four-laned road, after Key Vaca, the road becomes two-laned once more and runs through Fat Deer Key, where it forms the northern boundary of the city of Key Colony Beach. It then continues wholly in Marathon through Long Point Key, Crawl Key, the road then crosses to Little Conch Key and then Conch Key, both part of the Duck Key district. US1 then crosses to and traverses Long Key, which is mostly unincorporated except for the city of Layton, the road then reaches Craig Key, and then the village of Islamorada including Lower Matecumbe Key, Tea Table Key, Upper Matecumbe Key and Windley Key. US1 crosses a drawbridge onto Plantation Key, where it expands to four lanes, immediately the Overseas Highway enters Tavernier, where it temporarily splits into a pair of one-way roads through the community. Soon the road enters the community of Key Largo, which features another pair of one-way roads. Signage approaching the intersection directs northbound motorists to take this route if the lights on it are flashing. US1 swings to the northwest, forms the boundary of North Key Largo. After crossing the Jewfish Creek Bridge and travelling along Cross Key, US1 crosses Manatee Creek, along with the Miami-Dade County boundary, for the first 14 miles in Miami-Dade County, US1 is a divided two-lane road bordering the Everglades National Park on the west. It is named South Dixie Highway from the county line to Miami and its first major intersection is with the north end of Card Sound Road south of Florida City
Biscayne Boulevard
–
One of the last remaining colored-shield US 1 signs, in Boca Raton
Biscayne Boulevard
–
U.S. Highway 1
Biscayne Boulevard
–
Overseas Highway and Railway Bridges,
Florida Keys
Biscayne Boulevard
–
Portion of the South Dixie Highway, just south of
Dadeland
7.
Omni (Miami)
–
The Omni, or sometimes labeled as the Media and Entertainment District, is a neighborhood of greater Downtown, Miami, Florida, United States, just south of Edgewater. It is bound roughly by North 24th Street to the north, Interstate 395 to the south, by the Florida East Coast Railway and North East 2nd Avenue to the west, and Biscayne Bay to the east. Omni is an urban, residential neighborhood with many residential towers. Omni is home to the Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts, the old Miami Herald headquarters, until 2014 it was one of the neighborhoods that hosted the annual Miami International Boat Show at the Sea Isle Marina. The City of Miami Cemetery, one of Miamis oldest cemeteries, is located in Omni, as well as the historic Womens Club. Omni is served by the Omni Loop branch of the Metromover, the area from NE 13th to NE 16th Street was envisioned as a high-end shopping district. By 1930, early tenants in the Shrine Building included the Piggly-Wiggly grocery store, Biscayne-Page Electric Company, other tenants in 1930 were the Home Drug Store and the Burroughs Adding Machine Company. In 1977, the Omni International Mall opened replacing much of the stores with a suburban-style shopping mall. The mall brought many upscale stores to the Omni such as Emilio Pucci, Givenchy, by the 1990s, however, the mall began to falter, and in 1991, Jordan Marsh closed, and in 1998, so did JC Penney. In 2000, the closed, and the area was reconverted into offices in 2007. Today, it houses a few office tenants and the Miami International University of Art and it is also the corporate home of the Greater Miami Chamber of Commerce. The name of the neighborhood today, comes from the name of the Omni Mall, in the 2000s, rapid construction of high-rise residential skyscrapers has revitalized the neighborhood from urban blight. The area around Margaret Pace Park has seen population growth from 2000 to 2010. Omni today has a residential population, and with continued retail. The Metromover connects with Metrorail and is free, there are two Metromover stations in Omni- School Board Station and Adrienne Arsht Center. Transfers can be made to the Metrorail, Miamis heavy rail system, at Government Center, as well as to the Brickell, Metrorail has stops throughout Miami with connections to Miami International Airport, all Miami-Dade County bus lines, Tri-Rail and Amtrak. The main bus station is located in Omni, next to the Arsht Center at the Adrienne Arsht Center station. Many Omni residents get around by foot, bicycle, Metromover or by taxi, bike lanes and bike sharrows are currently planned for the majority of Downtown streets to be painted by the end of 2010
Omni (Miami)
–
Omni viewed at night in May 2011 from
Watson Island
Omni (Miami)
–
Metromover is a popular way of getting around the Downtown area. It connects the area's neighborhoods and can get very busy during
rush hour.
Omni (Miami)
–
Historic
Miami Women's Club, built in 1926
Omni (Miami)
–
First Church of Christ, Scientist, 1925
8.
Downtown Miami
–
Downtown Miami is an urban city center, based around the Central Business District of Miami, Florida, United States. In addition to the business district, the area also consists of the Brickell Financial District, Historic District, Government Center, Omni. The neighborhood is divided by the Miami River and is bordered by Midtown to the north, Biscayne Bay to the east, Civic Center and Overtown to the west, Brickell Avenue and Biscayne Boulevard are the main north-south roads, and Flagler Street is the main east-west road. Locally known as Downtown, the area is a cultural, financial, greater Downtown is home to many major museums, parks, education centers, banks, company headquarters, courthouses, government offices, theaters, shops and many of the oldest buildings in the city. Downtown Miami is the heart of Miami, and along with Coconut Grove, is the oldest settled area of Miami. Urban development began in the 1890s with the construction of the Florida East Coast Railway by Standard Oil industrialist Henry Flagler down to Miami at the insistence of Julia Tuttle, after New York City and Chicago. Along with Brickell, Downtown has grown from 40,000 residents in 2000, to over 70,000 in 2009 and it was estimated in February 2010, that about 550 new residents move to the Downtown area every month. As of 2009, over 190,000 office employees work in Downtown, Downtown is served by the Miami Metrorail at Historic Overtown/Lyric Theatre, Government Center, and Brickell stations, accessible from Broward and Palm Beach counties via Tri-Rail transfer station. The Metro connects to the Downtown Metromover, which encompasses 22 stations on the clockwise Inner loop and counterclockwise Brickell, Government Center station is Downtowns main station and allows for transfers to all Metromover loops, Metrorail trains, and Metrobus lines at the Stephen P. Clark Government Center. Downtown Miami is centered on the Central business district, best known by local Miamians as simply Downtown, Downtown is bound by NE 6th St to the north, Biscayne Bay to the east, the Miami River to the west and south. Miami Historic District and Government Center are also located within the CBD, Downtown is directly served by the Miami Metrorail at, Government Center Station, and by 13 Metromover stations on the Downtown, Brickell, and Omni Loops. Brickell is south of the Miami River, and is a mixed upper-class residential neighborhood as well as Miamis major financial district along Brickell Avenue, the Shops at Mary Brickell Village and Simpson Park are located within Brickell. Brickell is directly served by the Miami Metrorail at, Brickell Station, Omni is an urban neighborhood with numerous hotels, and high-rise residential buildings. The neighborhoods name comes from the Omni International Mall on Biscayne Boulevard, Omni borders Biscayne Bay the east, NE 2nd Ave to the west, NE 21st St to the north and I-395 to the south. Pace Park, Adrienne Arsht Center for the Performing Arts, Omni is served by the Miami Metrorail at, Government Center Station, and by two Metromover stations on the Omni Loop. Park West is directly served by the Miami Metrorail at, Historic Overtown/Lyric Theatre Station, the Miami Jewelry District is a sub-neighborhood of Downtown within the Central Business District historically known for its numerous jewelry stores, jewelers and gem dealers. It is where a variety of jeweled products are sold and is one of the three districts in the United States. The Jewelry District can be accessed by public transportation through the Metromover, as of 2010, the population of Downtown Miami was 65,696 people, with a population density of 27,487 per square mile
Downtown Miami
–
Downtown Miami skyline as seen from
Biscayne Bay to the east
Downtown Miami
–
An aerial view of Downtown, including the neighborhoods of Brickell, Park West, Omni and Edgewater.
Downtown Miami
–
Flagler Street on August 15, 1945, 20 minutes after the announcement of Japan's surrender at the end of World War II.
Downtown Miami
–
Downtown skyline circa 1930s, with the
Florida East Coast Railway passenger train station and the
Dade County Courthouse in the foreground
9.
United States
–
Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico. The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America, bordered by Canada to the east, the state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean. The U. S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean, the geography, climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse. At 3.8 million square miles and with over 324 million people, the United States is the worlds third- or fourth-largest country by area, third-largest by land area. It is one of the worlds most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago. European colonization began in the 16th century, the United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast. Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the following the Seven Years War led to the American Revolution. On July 4,1776, during the course of the American Revolutionary War, the war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain, representing the first successful war of independence against a European power. The current constitution was adopted in 1788, after the Articles of Confederation, the first ten amendments, collectively named the Bill of Rights, were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties. During the second half of the 19th century, the American Civil War led to the end of slavery in the country. By the end of century, the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean. The Spanish–American War and World War I confirmed the status as a global military power. The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the sole superpower. The U. S. is a member of the United Nations, World Bank, International Monetary Fund, Organization of American States. The United States is a developed country, with the worlds largest economy by nominal GDP. It ranks highly in several measures of performance, including average wage, human development, per capita GDP. While the U. S. economy is considered post-industrial, characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy, the United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally, and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations. In 1507, the German cartographer Martin Waldseemüller produced a map on which he named the lands of the Western Hemisphere America after the Italian explorer and cartographer Amerigo Vespucci
United States
–
Native Americans meeting with Europeans, 1764
United States
–
Flag
United States
–
The signing of the
Mayflower Compact, 1620.
United States
–
The
Declaration of Independence: the
Committee of Five presenting their draft to the
Second Continental Congress in 1776
10.
Sears
–
Sears, Roebuck & Company, also known simply as Sears, is an American chain of department stores founded by Richard Warren Sears and Alvah Curtis Roebuck in 1886. Formerly based at the Sears Tower in Chicago and currently headquartered in Hoffman Estates, Illinois, it began as a mail ordering catalog company and began opening retail locations in 1925. The company was bought by the American big box chain Kmart in 2005, in terms of domestic revenue, Sears was the largest retailer in the United States until October 1989, when Walmart surpassed the record. It is currently the fifth-largest American department store company by sales as of October 2013, Sears operates divisions in Canada and Mexico, as well as several other subsidiaries within its brand. Richard Warren Sears was a station agent in North Redwood, Minnesota. Sears purchased them, then sold the watches for a profit to other station agents. Soon he started a business selling watches through mail order catalogs, the next year, he moved to Chicago, Illinois, where he met Alvah C. Roebuck, who joined him in the business, farmers did business in small rural towns. Before the Sears catalog, farmers typically bought supplies from local general stores with narrow selections of goods, prices were negotiated, and depended on the storekeepers estimate of a customers creditworthiness. Sears took advantage of this by publishing catalogs offering customers a selection of products at clearly stated prices. The first Sears catalog was published in 1888, in 1893, Richard Sears and Alvah Roebuck renamed their watch company Sears, Roebuck & Company and began to diversify. By 1894, the Sears catalog had grown to 322 pages, featuring sewing machines, bicycles, sporting goods, automobiles, by 1895, the company was producing a 532-page catalog. Sales were greater than $400,000 in 1893 and more than $750,000 two years later, by 1896, dolls, stoves and groceries had been added to the catalog. The company had sales of $800,000 in 1895, but the national Panic of 1893—a full scale depression—caused a cash squeeze and large quantities of unsold merchandise. Sears offered Roebucks half of the company to Chicago businessman Aaron Nusbaum, in August 1895, they bought Roebucks half of the company for $75,000. The new Sears, Roebuck and Company was re-incorporated in Illinois with a stock of $150,000 in August 1895. The transaction was handled by Albert Henry Loeb of the Chicago Law Firm of Loeb & Adler, copies of the transaction documents are now displayed on the walls of the Law Firm. Sears and Rosenwald got along well with other, but not with Nusbaum
Sears
–
Richard Warren Sears
Sears
–
The exterior of the
Sears Merchandise Building Tower.
Sears
–
Sears Tower
Sears
–
Sears building in the
Edificio La Nacional building in Mexico City, across from the
Palacio de Bellas Artes.
11.
Art Deco
–
Art Deco, sometimes simply referred to as Deco, is a style of visual arts, architecture and design that first appeared in France just before World War I. It took its name, short for Arts Decorators, from the Exposition Internationale des Arts Décoratifs et Industriels Modernes held in Paris in 1925 and it combined modernist styles with fine craftsmanship and rich materials. During its heyday, Art Deco represented luxury, glamour, exuberance, Art Deco was a pastiche of many different styles, sometimes contradictory, united by a desire to be modern. It featured rare and expensive materials such as ebony and ivory, the Chrysler Building and other skyscrapers of New York were the most visible monuments of the new style. In the 1930s, during the Great Depression, the became more subdued. New materials arrived, including chrome plating, stainless steel and plastic, a more sleek form of the style, called Streamline Moderne, appeared in the 1930s, it featured curving forms and smooth, polished surfaces. Art Deco became one of the first truly international architectural styles, with examples found in European cities, the style came to an end with the beginning of World War II. Deco was replaced as the dominant global style by the functional and unadorned styles of modernism. The term arts décoratifs was first used in France in 1858, in 1868, Le Figaro newspaper used the term art décoratifs with respect to objects for stage scenery created for the Théâtre de lOpéra. In 1875, furniture designers, textile, jewelry and glass designers and it took its present name of ENSAD in 1927. The term Art déco was then used in a 1966 newspaper article by Hillary Gelson in the Times, describing the different styles at the exhibit. Art Deco gained currency as a broadly applied stylistic label in 1968 when historian Bevis Hillier published the first major book on the style. Hillier noted that the term was already being used by art dealers and cites The Times, in 1971, Hillier organized an exhibition at the Minneapolis Institute of Arts, which he details in his book about it, The World of Art Deco. The emergence of Art Deco was closely connected with the rise in status of decorative artists, the term arts décoratifs had been invented in 1875, giving the designers of furniture, textiles, and other decoration official status. The Société des artistes décorateurs, or SAD, was founded in 1901, a similar movement developed in Italy. The first international exhibition devoted entirely to the arts, the Esposizione international dArte decorative moderna, was held in Turin in 1902. Several new magazines devoted to decorative arts were founded in Paris, including Arts et décoration, Decorative arts sections were introduced into the annual salons of the Sociéte des artistes français, and later in the Salon dautomne. French nationalism also played a part in the resurgence of decorative arts, in 1911 the SAD proposed the holding of a major new international exposition of decorative arts in 1912
Art Deco
–
Terracotta sunburst design above front doors of the
Eastern Columbia Building in
Los Angeles; built 1930
Art Deco
–
Tamara de Lempicka, "The Musician", 1929 (
oil on canvas)
Art Deco
–
Joseph Csaky, Deux figures, 1920, relief, limestone, polychrome, 80 cm. Exhibited
Léonce Rosenberg, Galerie de L'Effort Moderne (1920), now at
Kröller-Müller Museum, Otterlo, Netherlands
Art Deco
–
Théâtre des Champs-Élysées, by
Auguste Perret, 15 Avenue Montaigne, Paris (1910-1913)
12.
Ocean Drive (South Beach)
–
Ocean Drive is a major thoroughfare in the South Beach neighborhood of Miami Beach. The road starts at South Pointe just south of 1st Street, near the southernmost end of the barrier island of Miami Beach. Ocean Drive continues north to 15th Street, immediately southeast of Lincoln Road and it is known for its Art Deco hotels. The street is the center of the Miami Art Deco District, streamline Moderne evolved from the Art Deco style, and dominates the street. The street has a named after it, Ocean Drive magazine. British easy-listening duo The Lighthouse Family released a single entitled Ocean Drive, grand Theft Auto, Vice City also based the setting on Miami and has a replica of Ocean Drive with exactly the same name. One of the most famous restaurants on this strip is Mango’s Tropical Café, known for its cabaret and drag queen shows, Palace Bar dedicates itself to the LGBTQ community. Florida, DK Eyewitness Travel Guides,2004, pgs.58 &59 Google historical timeline of Ocean Drive, South Beach, Miami
Ocean Drive (South Beach)
–
Ocean Drive
Ocean Drive (South Beach)
–
Night view
Ocean Drive (South Beach)
Ocean Drive (South Beach)
–
Ocean Drive on
Super Bowl XLI weekend, 2007
13.
National Register of Historic Places
–
The National Register of Historic Places is the United States federal governments official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects deemed worthy of preservation. The passage of the National Historic Preservation Act in 1966 established the National Register, of the more than one million properties on the National Register,80,000 are listed individually. The remainder are contributing resources within historic districts, each year approximately 30,000 properties are added to the National Register as part of districts or by individual listings. For most of its history the National Register has been administered by the National Park Service and its goals are to help property owners and interest groups, such as the National Trust for Historic Preservation, coordinate, identify, and protect historic sites in the United States. While National Register listings are mostly symbolic, their recognition of significance provides some financial incentive to owners of listed properties, protection of the property is not guaranteed. During the nomination process, the property is evaluated in terms of the four criteria for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places, the application of those criteria has been the subject of criticism by academics of history and preservation, as well as the public and politicians. Occasionally, historic sites outside the proper, but associated with the United States are also listed. Properties can be nominated in a variety of forms, including individual properties, historic districts, the Register categorizes general listings into one of five types of properties, district, site, structure, building, or object. National Register Historic Districts are defined geographical areas consisting of contributing and non-contributing properties, some properties are added automatically to the National Register when they become administered by the National Park Service. These include National Historic Landmarks, National Historic Sites, National Historical Parks, National Military Parks/Battlefields, National Memorials, on October 15,1966, the Historic Preservation Act created the National Register of Historic Places and the corresponding State Historic Preservation Offices. Initially, the National Register consisted of the National Historic Landmarks designated before the Registers creation, approval of the act, which was amended in 1980 and 1992, represented the first time the United States had a broad-based historic preservation policy. To administer the newly created National Register of Historic Places, the National Park Service of the U. S. Department of the Interior, hartzog, Jr. established an administrative division named the Office of Archeology and Historic Preservation. Hartzog charged OAHP with creating the National Register program mandated by the 1966 law, ernest Connally was the Offices first director. Within OAHP new divisions were created to deal with the National Register, the first official Keeper of the Register was William J. Murtagh, an architectural historian. During the Registers earliest years in the late 1960s and early 1970s, organization was lax and SHPOs were small, understaffed, and underfunded. A few years later in 1979, the NPS history programs affiliated with both the U. S. National Parks system and the National Register were categorized formally into two Assistant Directorates. Established were the Assistant Directorate for Archeology and Historic Preservation and the Assistant Directorate for Park Historic Preservation, from 1978 until 1981, the main agency for the National Register was the Heritage Conservation and Recreation Service of the United States Department of the Interior. In February 1983, the two assistant directorates were merged to promote efficiency and recognize the interdependency of their programs, jerry L. Rogers was selected to direct this newly merged associate directorate
National Register of Historic Places
–
Logo used for the NRHP.
National Register of Historic Places
–
Old Slater Mill, a historic district in
Pawtucket, Rhode Island, was the first property listed in the National Register on November 13, 1966.
National Register of Historic Places
–
The
Loren Andrus Octagon House in
Washington, Michigan has been on the NRHP since September 3, 1971.
National Register of Historic Places
–
Built in 1800 by
Samuel McIntire in
Salem, the
Stephen Phillips House is operated as a
historic house museum by
Historic New England and open for public tours.
14.
Gloria Estefan
–
Gloria Estefan is a Cuban-American singer, songwriter, actress, and businesswoman. She started off her career as the singer in the group called Miami Latin Boys which was eventually known as Miami Sound Machine. Estefans breakthrough success with Conga in 1985 made her known worldwide and it won the grand prix in the 15th annual Tokyo Music Festival in Japan. In the middle of 1988 she and the band got their first number-one hit for the song Anything for You, in March 1990, Estefan had a severe accident in her tour bus. She made her comeback in March 1991 with a new world tour and her 1993 Spanish-language album Mi Tierra won the first of her three Grammy Awards for Best Tropical Latin Album. It was the first number-one album on the Billboard Top Latin Albums chart and it was also the first Diamond album in Spain. Many of her songs like Rhythm Is Gonna Get You, 1-2-3, Get On Your Feet, Here We Are, Coming Out of the Dark, Bad Boy, party Time and a remake of Vicki Sue Robinsons Turn the Beat Around became international hits, with chart-topping scores. Estefan has sold an estimated 100 million records worldwide, including 31.5 million in the United States alone and she has won seven Grammy Awards. Estefan also received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, in 2015, she received the Presidential Medal of Freedom for her contributions to American music. Estefan also won an MTV Video Music Award, and two ACE Awards and she was honored with the American Music Award for Lifetime Achievement as well as being named BMI Songwriter of the Year. She was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame and has received multiple Billboard Awards and she is also on the list of VH1 top 100 Greatest Artists of All Time, and in Billboards Top 100 Greatest Artists Of All time. Estefan was born Gloria María Milagrosa Fajardo García in Havana, Cuba, to José Fajardo and Gloria García, prior to the Cuban Revolution, her father was a Cuban soldier and a bodyguard for the wife of Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista. The Fajardo family fled to Miami, Florida as a result of the Cuban Revolution, shortly after they moved to the United States, Glorias father joined the US military and fought in the Vietnam War and moved to Houston after his participation in the failed Bay of Pigs Invasion. Estefan was raised Catholic and attended St. Michael-Archangel School and Our Lady of Lourdes Academy in Miami, Estefan father became ill after returning from Vietnam and Gloria helped her mother, Gloria Fajardo, care for him. Her mother worked as a schoolteacher for the Dade County Public School system, Gloria Estefan graduated from college in 1979 with a BA in psychology, with a minor in French, from the University of Miami. Estefan became a citizen of the United States in 1974, under the name Gloria Garcia Fajardo. Estefan became romantically involved with the Miami Sound Machines band leader, Emilio Estefan, as she later revealed, he was my first and only boyfriend. She and Emilio married on September 2,1978 and they have a son, Nayib and a daughter Emily
Gloria Estefan
–
Gloria Estefan in 2012
Gloria Estefan
–
Gloria Estefan receiving flowers for her birthday at her show in the
Ahoy Rotterdam, September 1, 2008
Gloria Estefan
–
Gloria Estefan performs at an event to celebrate the United Through Reading program aboard the
Nimitz class aircraft carrier USS Theodore Roosevelt (CVN-71), September 14, 2006
Gloria Estefan
–
The Cardozo hotel on
Ocean Drive, in
Miami Beach, Florida.
15.
Jeb Bush
–
John Ellis Jeb Bush Sr. is an American businessman and politician who served as the 43rd Governor of Florida from 1999 to 2007. Bush, who grew up in Houston, is the son of former President George H. W. Bush and former First Lady Barbara Bush. He graduated from Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts, and attended the University of Texas, in 1980, he moved to Florida and pursued a career in real estate development, and in 1986 became Floridas Secretary of Commerce until 1988. At that time, he joined his fathers campaign for the Presidency. In 1994, Bush made his first run for office, losing the election for governor by less than two points to the incumbent, Lawton Chiles. Bush ran again in 1998 and defeated Lieutenant Governor Buddy MacKay with 55 percent of the vote and he ran for reelection in 2002, defeating Bill McBride and winning with 56 percent, to become Floridas first two-term Republican governor. Bush announced his candidacy on June 15,2015. He suspended his campaign on February 20,2016, shortly after the South Carolina primary, Bush later made headlines by joining a group of Republicans who opposed the GOP nominee for President, Donald Trump. Jeb Bush was born on February 11,1953 in Midland, when he was six years old, the family relocated to the Tanglewood neighborhood of Houston, Texas. The nickname Jeb is composed of his initials J. E. B and he grew up with two younger brothers, Neil and Marvin, one younger sister, Dorothy, and one older brother, George, who is seven years older. Jeb Bush initially attended Grady Elementary School in Houston, Bush completed ninth grade in Houston, but was advised to repeat it at Andover, and was nearly expelled due to poor grades. Bush recreationally used marijuana, hashish, and cigarettes during his school years, although he made the honor roll by the end of his senior year. While in Mexico, he met his wife, Columba Garnica Gallo. Bush, who had largely avoided criticizing or supporting the Vietnam War, registered for the draft after his graduation from high school in 1971. In the fourth and final lottery drawing, on February 2,1972, for men born in 1953 and to be inducted during 1973. But no new orders were issued after 1972, because the U. S. changed to an all-volunteer military beginning in 1973. Though many in his family had attended Yale University, Bush chose to attend the University of Texas at Austin and he played on the Texas Longhorns varsity tennis team in 1973. He graduated Phi Beta Kappa and magna cum laude from the University of Texas at Austin with a B. A. in Latin American studies and he completed his coursework in two and a half years
Jeb Bush
–
Jeb Bush at
Southern Republican Leadership Conference May 2015
Jeb Bush
–
Jeb Bush, front right, with family, early 1960s
Jeb Bush
–
A portrait of Governor Jeb Bush.
Jeb Bush
–
Bush at Rookery Bay participating in Earth Day activities in 2004
16.
Bernadette Peters
–
Bernadette Peters is an American actress, singer and childrens book author. Over the course of a career that has spanned five decades, she has starred in theatre, films and television, as well as performing in solo concerts. She is one of the most critically acclaimed Broadway performers, having received nominations for seven Tony Awards, four of the Broadway cast albums on which she has starred have won Grammy Awards. Peters first performed on the stage as a child and then an actress in the 1960s. In the 1980s, she returned to the theatre, where she one of the best-known Broadway stars over the next three decades. She also has recorded six albums and several singles, as well as many cast albums. In the 2010s, Peters continues to act on stage, in films and on television in series as Smash. She has been nominated for three Emmy Awards and three Golden Globe Awards, winning once, Peters was born into a Sicilian American family in Ozone Park, Queens, New York, the youngest of three children. Her father, Peter Lazzara, drove a delivery truck. Her siblings are casting director Donna DeSeta and Joseph Lazzara and she appeared on the television shows Name That Tune and several times on The Horn and Hardart Childrens Hour at age five. In January 1958, at age nine, she obtained her Actors Equity Card in the name Bernadette Peters to avoid ethnic stereotyping, with the stage name taken from her fathers first name. She made her stage debut the same month in This is Goggle. She first appeared on the New York stage at age 10 as Tessie in the New York City Center revival of The Most Happy Fella. In her teen years, she attended the Quintanos School for Young Professionals, at age 13, Peters appeared as one of the Hollywood Blondes and was an understudy for Dainty June in the second national tour of Gypsy. During this tour, Peters first met her long-time accompanist, conductor and arranger Marvin Laird, who was the assistant conductor for the tour. In 1964, she played Liesl in The Sound of Music and Jenny in Riverwind in summer stock at the Mt. Gretna Playhouse, and Riverwind again at the Bucks County Playhouse in 1966. She made her Broadway debut in Johnny No-Trump in 1967, Peters performance as Ruby in the 1968 Off-Broadway production of Dames at Sea, a parody of 1930s musicals, brought her critical acclaim and her first Drama Desk Award. She had appeared in an earlier 1966 version of Dames at Sea at the Off-Off-Broadway performance club Caffe Cino, Peters had starring roles in her next Broadway vehicles—Gelsomina in La Strada and Hildy in On the Town, for which she received her first Tony Award nomination
Bernadette Peters
–
Peters in 2008
Bernadette Peters
–
Peters won the
Theatre World Award as Josie Cohan (left) in
George M! (1968).
Bernadette Peters
–
Another early biographical role was
Mabel Normand in
Mack and Mabel (1974). Normand shown c. 1920
Bernadette Peters
–
In Pennies From Heaven, "Peters brought a cocky attitude and a sexy exuberance to the musical numbers."
17.
Miami City Ballet
–
Miami City Ballet is an American ballet company based in Miami Beach, Florida, led by artistic director Lourdes Lopez. MCB was founded in 1985 by Toby Lerner Ansin a Miami philanthropist and she and the founding board hired Edward Villella, former New York City Ballet principal dancer to be the founding artistic director. In 2012, Lourdes Lopez was chosen to replace founding artistic director Edward Villella, Miami City Ballet features an international ensemble of over 45 dancers. The company has a repertoire of 88 ballets and performs over 100 times annually. Miami City Ballet serves as the resident ballet company in theaters in the Fort Lauderdale, Miami, in addition, the company regularly tours both domestically and internationally
Miami City Ballet
18.
New World Symphony (orchestra)
–
The New World Symphony is an American orchestral academy based in Miami Beach, Florida. Established in 1987, the organisation is an ensemble for young musicians in their 20s in preparation for professional careers in classical music. Since 2011, the New World Symphony has its headquarters in the New World Center, in 1987, Michael Tilson Thomas established the New World Symphony, with initial financial assistance from Ted Arison, the founder of Carnival Cruise Lines. Thomas and Arison had similar visions of an orchestra for young conservatory graduates to assist them in finding employment with professional orchestras. The New World Symphony gave its first public concert on 4 February 1988 in Miami, by the time of Arisons death in 1999, he had contributed $62M USD to the organisation. The New World Symphony offers three-year fellowships, where the programme offers a range of performance. The program offers opportunities for fellows to design and present their own concerts, the training also includes mock auditions, financial management, donor and media relations, as well as opportunities for teaching in local schools. The New World Symphony presents a season of concerts from September to May at the 756-seat concert hall of the New World Center. Performances include full-orchestra concerts, a music series, a new music series, percussion consort series, small ensemble concerts, a family series. On June 29,2011, the New World Symphony Orchestra received the first place award for Adventurous Programming from ASCAP for its commitment to new American music. New World Symphony website New World Symphony by Frank Gehry Photographs
New World Symphony (orchestra)
–
Members of the New World Symphony playing the
Dvorak Cello Concerto, with soloist
Johannes Moser as seen during a 2011 live outside "wallcast" at the
New World Center
19.
Architect
–
An architect is someone who plans, designs, and reviews the construction of buildings. Etymologically, architect derives from the Latin architectus, which derives from the Greek, practical, technical, and academic requirements for becoming an architect vary by jurisdiction. The terms architect and architecture are used in the disciplines of landscape architecture, naval architecture. In most jurisdictions, the professional and commercial uses of the terms architect, throughout ancient and medieval history, most architectural design and construction was carried out by artisans—such as stone masons and carpenters, rising to the role of master builder. Until modern times, there was no distinction between architect and engineer. In Europe, the architect and engineer were primarily geographical variations that referred to the same person. It is suggested that various developments in technology and mathematics allowed the development of the gentleman architect. Paper was not used in Europe for drawing until the 15th century, pencils were used more often for drawing by 1600. The availability of both allowed pre-construction drawings to be made by professionals, until the 18th-century, buildings continued to be designed and set out by craftsmen with the exception of high-status projects. In most developed countries, only qualified people with appropriate license, certification, or registration with a relevant body, such licensure usually requires an accredited university degree, successful completion of exams, and a training period. To practice architecture implies the ability to independently of supervision. In many places, independent, non-licensed individuals may perform design services outside the professional restrictions, such design houses, in the architectural profession, technical and environmental knowledge, design and construction management, and an understanding of business are as important as design. However, design is the force throughout the project and beyond. An architect accepts a commission from a client, the commission might involve preparing feasibility reports, building audits, the design of a building or of several buildings, structures, and the spaces among them. The architect participates in developing the requirements the client wants in the building, throughout the project, the architect co-ordinates a design team. Structural, mechanical, and electrical engineers and other specialists, are hired by the client or the architect, the architect hired by a client is responsible for creating a design concept that meets the requirements of that client and provides a facility suitable to the required use. In that, the architect must meet with and question the client to ascertain all the requirements, often the full brief is not entirely clear at the beginning, entailing a degree of risk in the design undertaking. The architect may make proposals to the client which may rework the terms of the brief
Architect
–
Filippo Brunelleschi is revered to be one of the most inventive and gifted architects in history.
Architect
–
An architect at work, 1893.
Architect
–
Architect
Rem Koolhaas inspecting a model of the
Seattle Central Library
20.
Meyerson Symphony Center
–
The Morton H. Meyerson Symphony Center is a concert hall located in the Arts District of downtown Dallas, Texas. Ranked one of the worlds greatest orchestra halls, it was designed by architect I. M. Pei and acoustician Russell Johnsons Artec Consultants, the structural engineers for this project was Leslie E. Robertson Associates, and opened in September 1989. The new concert center was named in his honor in 1986 at the request of H. Ross Perot, the Meyerson Symphony Center is owned and managed by the City of Dallas Office of Cultural Affairs. The exterior of the pavilion and lobby is circular and constructed of glass. Architect I. M. Pei, and structural engineer Leslie E. Robertson Associates has described the structure of the interior as very conservative. It is conservative for reasons I no longer accept, he said in 2000, I feel that the hall doesnt fully represent what I would have liked to do. Because the music performed in the hall was likely to be from the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, the trustees and acoustic team had decided on the shoebox style before Pei was hired, and he sought to sculpt the exteriors with more innovative designs. I felt the need to be free, he said, therefore, to wrap another form around the shoebox, I started to use curvilinear forms. It does have some spatial excitement in that space for that reason, the Meyerson Symphony Center also is home to the 4,535 pipe C. B. Fisk Opus 100 organ, known as the Lay Family Concert Organ. Although it had been Charles Fisks dream to build a concert organ. The resulting instrument, built in 1991 and nearly unanimously hailed as a musical triumph, the première performance was given in September 1992 by the organist Michael Murray and David Higgs. The Eugene McDermott Concert Hall, designed by Russell Johnsons firm, Artec Acoustic Consultants, is in the standard European shoebox style,74 thick concrete chamber doors around the top of the hall weighing 2. The shoebox design was intended to achieve performance comparable to that of the Vienna Musikverein. Russell Johnson, who died in August 2007, requested in his will that he be buried in the Meyerson, but logistical complications prevented the request from being granted. The Morton H.5 tons 56 acoustical curtains 50 restrooms 4 private suites for meetings, banquets, conversations with I. M. Pei, Light is the Key. Fisk Organ QTVR Tour of the Meyerson Symphony Center NY Times 1989 Review
Meyerson Symphony Center
–
Morton H. Meyerson Symphony Center
Meyerson Symphony Center
–
Eugene McDermott Concert Hall
Meyerson Symphony Center
–
The Herman W. and Amelia H. Lay Family Organ
Meyerson Symphony Center
–
Foyer
21.
Dallas
–
Dallas is a major city in the U. S. state of Texas. It is the most populous city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, the citys population ranks ninth in the U. S. and third in Texas after Houston and San Antonio. The citys prominence arose from its importance as a center for the oil and cotton industries. The bulk of the city is in Dallas County, of which it is the county seat, however, sections of the city are located in Collin, Denton, Kaufman, and Rockwall counties. According to the 2010 United States Census, the city had a population of 1,197,816, the United States Census Bureaus estimate for the citys population increased to 1,300,092 as of July 1,2015. In 2016 DFW ascended to the one spot in the nation in year-over-year population growth. In 2014, the metropolitan economy surpassed Washington, D. C. to become the fifth largest in the U. S. with a 2014 real GDP over $504 billion, as such, the metropolitan areas economy is the 10th largest in the world. As of January 2017, the job count has increased to 3,558,200 jobs. The citys economy is based on banking, commerce, telecommunications, technology, energy, healthcare and medical research. The city is home to the third-largest concentration of Fortune 500 companies in the nation. Located in North Texas, Dallas is the core of the largest metropolitan area in the South. Dallas and nearby Fort Worth were developed due to the construction of railroad lines through the area allowing access to cotton, cattle. Later, France also claimed the area but never established much settlement, the area remained under Spanish rule until 1821, when Mexico declared independence from Spain, and the area was considered part of the Mexican state of Coahuila y Tejas. In 1836, the Republic of Texas, with majority Anglo-American settlers, in 1839, Warren Angus Ferris surveyed the area around present-day Dallas. John Neely Bryan established a permanent settlement near the Trinity River named Dallas in 1841, the origin of the name is uncertain. The Republic of Texas was annexed by the United States in 1845, Dallas was formally incorporated as a city on February 2,1856. With construction of railroads, Dallas became a business and trading center and it became an industrial city, attracting workers from Texas, the South and the Midwest. The Praetorian Building of 15 stories, built in 1909, was the first skyscraper west of the Mississippi and it marked the prominence of Dallas as a city
Dallas
–
Top to bottom, left to right:
Downtown Dallas skyline,
Old Red Museum,
NorthPark Center,
Dallas City Hall,
Dallas Museum of Art,
Winspear Opera House,
Perot Museum of Nature and Science,
State Fair of Texas at
Fair Park,
Dallas Union Station, the
Dallas Arboretum and Botanical Garden, and the
American Airlines Center
Dallas
–
Elm Street at night, January 1942
Dallas
–
President and Mrs.
Kennedy arrive at Dallas, November 22, 1963
Dallas
–
Santa Fe Terminal Complex on Commerce St, built in 1924.
22.
Miami Metrorail
–
Metrorail, colloquially called the Metro, is the heavy rail rapid transit system of Miami and Miami-Dade County, Florida. Metrorail is operated by Miami-Dade Transit, an agency of Miami-Dade County. Opened in 1984, it is Floridas only rapid transit metro system, Metrorail connects to the Metromover in Downtown, which provides metro service to the entirety of Downtown and Brickell. Additionally, it connects to South Floridas commuter rail system at Tri-Rail Station, together with Metromover, the system has seen steady ridership growth per annum, with an average of 105,500 daily passengers in 2013. In 2012, Metrorail opened its 23rd station, Miami Central Station, at Miami International Airport, Central Station provides direct service to Amtrak inter-city rail services, Tri-Rail commuter rail, Greyhound Lines intercity bus, and the Rental Car Center. Miami Central Station is expected to attract 150,000 daily commuters and travelers, in 1971, the Miami Urban Area Transportation Study completed by the Dade County metropolitan planning organization recommended the construction for a rapid transit system for Greater Miami. In the end the system cost over a billion dollars, groundbreaking for the system the county commission voted to be named Metrorail took place at the site of what would become University Station in June. Construction began in December 1980 with placing of a double-tee guideway girder near the University of Miami, the entire original 21 mi line contained 2,704 girders, constructed at a cost of $55,887,830. In June 1983, the first segment of Metrorail,10 stations from Dadeland South to Overtown was completed with the construction of the Miami River Bridge, revenue operation commenced on May 20,1984 with 125,000 taking the free first-day service from Pinecrest/Dadeland to Overtown. In 1984 Rockne Krebs created a neon sculpture multicolored light installation called the The Miami Line that stretches 1,540 feet across the Metrorail bridge over the Miami River. Additional segments between Earlington Heights and Okeechobee opened between December 1984 and May 1985, in March 1989, a temporary station was opened to provide a connection to the newly opened Tri-Rail commuter rail line, with the now permanent station officially opening in June. Preliminary engineering for a rapid transit extension to the Palmetto Expressway began in 1996 with Palmetto Station opening in May 2003, as far as operational costs, revenues expected for 2006 were $17.15 million, while expenses budgeted for 2006 were $41.29 million. These historic figures became the last the Miami Dade Transit Authority ever disclosed, nearly all of the stations outside of downtown Miami have parking facilities, except Tri-Rail Station. Several have large parking garages, such as Dadeland North and South stations, located at the end of the system. Earlington Heights, located just northwest of Downtown and adjacent to Interstate 95, however, that is now used by the county due to the stations low ridership, with only 95 vehicle spaces currently available. The successful Dadeland garages are at or over capacity, with two of Metrorails proposed extensions, the West Kendall Corridor and South Link, intended to alleviate them. The two northernmost stations, which are located near the Palmetto Expressway, Palmetto and Okeechobee, appeal to Broward County commuters with nearly 2,000 combined spaces. Additionally, the proposed North Corridor to the Broward/Miami-Dade county line would have included five park, in the late 1990s, the plan was to potentially even continue the Metrorail line into Broward County along 27th Avenue, ending at Broward Boulevard near Broward Mall in Plantation
Miami Metrorail
–
A northbound Green Line train arriving at
Government Center with
Downtown Miami skyscrapers in the background
Miami Metrorail
–
Metrorail
Miami Metrorail
–
Metrorail viaduct under construction at
Douglas Road in
Coral Gables during the early 1980s
Miami Metrorail
–
Early photo of a northbound Metro train approaching
Brickell
23.
Government Center (MDT station)
–
Government Center station is an intermodal transit hub in the Government Center district of Downtown Miami, Florida. The station is located near the intersection of Northwest First Street and First Avenue and it opened to service May 20,1984, next to the site of former FEC railway station. Next to Government Center site was originally a station developed in April 1896 as the southern terminus of Henry Flaglers Florida East Coast Railway. The downtown passenger terminal was demolished by November 1963, although a new station was planned at the Buena Vista yard near North Miami Avenue and 36th Street, it was never built. The site of the old station was parking lots on the east side of the transportation hub until 2014. It is now the site of the MiamiCentral station of All Aboard Floridas Brightline. Development of the center was reinvigorated during the 1970s and early 1980s during a Downtown building boom. Construction on the present-day Government Center station began in June 1982, the station was primarily designed by the Cambridge Seven Associates in collaboration with Edward D. Stone. The station was built by the Frank J. Rooney Construction Company, Metrorail service, between Overtown and Kendall, following the precise route of the FEC, commenced service May 1984. This platform was part of the design concept which interfaced with the atrium of the Miami-Dade County Administration Building. The first floor of the Government Center complex is on the level of the Stephen P. Clark Government Center, which has access to the second level. The second floor of the Government Center complex includes the main control for Metrorail and operations of the metro system. The Brickell and Omni Loop Metromover lines are directly from this level. It also features the Metrofare Shops area, which are open most weekdays until mid-afternoon and closed weekends, the third floor of the complex is a mezzanine for Metrorail and Metromover trains. Access to the Metrorail platform above and both Metromover platforms below provides for easy transfers, a ghost platform for the never built east-west line is located on the floor. The fourth floor of the complex is the Metrorail Orange and Green Line platform and this section of the station is composed of 2 tracks and 1 island platform. It is the highest transit platform of the Miami-Dade Transit system in height, the station is equipped with WI-FI, escalators, and elevators to the mezzanine level, which provides access to Metromover platforms and the second level
Government Center (MDT station)
–
Government Center station is located at the base of the
Stephen P. Clark Government Center building
Government Center (MDT station)
–
View toward the southeast of the city center, with
passenger trains and the Dade County Courthouse foreground, c. 1930s
Government Center (MDT station)
–
A Metromover train waiting on the lower level of the Government Center station.
Government Center (MDT station)
–
A Metrorail train is approaching the upper level of the Government Center station with the Dade County Courthouse in the background.
24.
New World Symphony Orchestra
–
The New World Symphony is an American orchestral academy based in Miami Beach, Florida. Established in 1987, the organisation is an ensemble for young musicians in their 20s in preparation for professional careers in classical music. Since 2011, the New World Symphony has its headquarters in the New World Center, in 1987, Michael Tilson Thomas established the New World Symphony, with initial financial assistance from Ted Arison, the founder of Carnival Cruise Lines. Thomas and Arison had similar visions of an orchestra for young conservatory graduates to assist them in finding employment with professional orchestras. The New World Symphony gave its first public concert on 4 February 1988 in Miami, by the time of Arisons death in 1999, he had contributed $62M USD to the organisation. The New World Symphony offers three-year fellowships, where the programme offers a range of performance. The program offers opportunities for fellows to design and present their own concerts, the training also includes mock auditions, financial management, donor and media relations, as well as opportunities for teaching in local schools. The New World Symphony presents a season of concerts from September to May at the 756-seat concert hall of the New World Center. Performances include full-orchestra concerts, a music series, a new music series, percussion consort series, small ensemble concerts, a family series. On June 29,2011, the New World Symphony Orchestra received the first place award for Adventurous Programming from ASCAP for its commitment to new American music. New World Symphony website New World Symphony by Frank Gehry Photographs
New World Symphony Orchestra
–
Members of the New World Symphony playing the
Dvorak Cello Concerto, with soloist
Johannes Moser as seen during a 2011 live outside "wallcast" at the
New World Center
