Afonso III, or Affonso, Alfonso or Alphonso (Portuguese-Galician) or Alphonsus (Latin), the Boulonnais, King of Portugal was the first to use the title King of Portugal and the Algarve, from 1249. He was the second son of King Afonso II of Portugal and his wife, Urraca of Castile; he succeeded his brother, King Sancho II of Portugal, who died on 4 January 1248.
Effigy on a contemporary coin
Pope Innocent IV, born Sinibaldo Fieschi, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 25 June 1243 to his death in 1254.
Square in Manarola named for Innocent IV
14th century miniature depicting the excommunication of Emperor Frederick II by Pope Innocent IV
Papal bulla of Innocent IV
The courtyard of Córdoba Synagogue.